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GSS-API Naming Extensions
draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-13

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 6680.
Authors Nicolás Williams , Leif Johansson , Sam Hartman , Simon Josefsson
Last updated 2012-03-11
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Send notices to kitten-chairs@tools.ietf.org, draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts@tools.ietf.org
draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-13
KITTEN WORKING GROUP                                         N. Williams
Internet-Draft
Intended status: Standards Track                            L. Johansson
Expires: September 12, 2012                                        SUNET
                                                              S. Hartman
                                                       Painless Security
                                                            S. Josefsson
                                                                  SJD AB
                                                          March 11, 2012

                       GSS-API Naming Extensions
                draft-ietf-kitten-gssapi-naming-exts-13

Abstract

   The Generic Security Services API (GSS-API) provides a simple naming
   architecture that supports name-based authorization.  This document
   introduces new APIs that extend the GSS-API naming model to support
   name attribute transfer between GSS-API peers.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 12, 2012.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect

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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
   Contributions published or made publicly available before November
   10, 2008.  The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this
   material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow
   modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process.
   Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling
   the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified
   outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may
   not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format
   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
   than English.

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Table of Contents

   1.      Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2.      Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.      Name Attribute Authenticity  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   4.      Name Attributes/Values as ACL Subjects . . . . . . . . . .  5
   5.      Naming Contexts  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   6.      Representation of Attribute Names  . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   7.      API  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   7.1.    SET OF OCTET STRING  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   7.2.    Const types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   7.3.    GSS_Display_name_ext() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   7.3.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   7.4.    GSS_Inquire_name() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.4.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.5.    GSS_Get_name_attribute() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   7.5.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   7.6.    GSS_Set_name_attribute() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   7.6.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   7.7.    GSS_Delete_name_attribute()  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   7.7.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   7.8.    GSS_Export_name_composite()  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   7.8.1.  C-Bindings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   8.      IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   9.      Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   10.     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   10.1.   Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   10.2.   Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
           Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

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1.  Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] .

2.  Introduction

   As described in [RFC4768] the GSS-API's naming architecture suffers
   from certain limitations.  This document proposes concrete GSS-API
   extensions.

   A number of extensions to the GSS-API [RFC2743] and its C Bindings
   [RFC2744] are described herein.  The goal is to make information
   modeled as "name attributes" available to applications.  Such
   information MAY for instance be used by applications to make
   authorization-decisions.  For example, Kerberos V authorization data
   elements, both in their raw forms, as well as mapped to more useful
   value types, can be made available to GSS-API applications through
   these interfaces.

   The model is that GSS names have attributes.  The attributes of a
   name may be authenticated (eg an X509 attribute certificate or signed
   SAML attribute assertion), or may have been set on a GSS name for the
   purpose of locally "asserting" the attribute during credential
   acquisition or security context exchange.  Name attributes' values
   are network representations thereof (e.g., the actual value octets of
   the contents of an X.509 certificate extension, for example) and are
   intended to be useful for constructing portable access control
   facilities.  Applications may often require language- or platform-
   specific data types, rather than network representations of name
   attributes, so a function is provided to obtain objects of such types
   associated with names and name attributes.

   Future updates of this specification may involve adding an attribute
   namespace for attributes that only have application-specific
   semantics.  Note that mechanisms will still need to know how to
   transport such attributes.  The IETF may also wish to add functions
   by which to inquire whether a mechanism(s) understands a given
   attribute name or namespace, and to list which attributes or
   attribute namespaces a mechanism understands.  Finally, the IETF may
   want to consider adding a function by which to determine the name of
   the issuer of a name attribute.

3.  Name Attribute Authenticity

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   An attribute is 'authenticated' iff there is a secure association
   between the attribute (and its values) and the trusted source of the
   peer credential.  Examples of authenticated attributes are (any part
   of) the signed portion of an X.509 certificate or AD-KDCIssued
   authorization-data elements in Kerberos V Tickets provided of course
   that the authenticity of the respective security associations (eg
   signatures) have been verified.

   Note that the fact that an attribute is authenticated does not imply
   anything about the semantics of the attribute nor that the trusted
   credential source was authorized to assert the attribute.  Such
   interpretations SHOULD be the result of applying local policy to the
   attribute.

   An un-authentciated attribute is called _asserted_ in what
   follows.This is not to be confused with other uses of the word
   asserted or assertion eg "SAML attribute assertion", the attributes
   of which may be authenticated in the sense of this document for
   instance if the SAML attribute assertion was signed by a key trusted
   by the peer.

4.  Name Attributes/Values as ACL Subjects

   To facilitate the development of portable applications that make use
   of name attributes to construct and evaluate portable ACLs the GSS-
   API makes name attribute values available in canonical network
   encodings thereof.

5.  Naming Contexts

   Several factors influence the context in which a name attribute is
   interpreted.  One is the trust context.

   As discussed previously, applications apply local policy to determine
   whether a particular peer credential issuer is trusted to make a
   given statement.  Different GSS-API mechanisms and deployments have
   different trust models surrounding attributes they provide about a
   name.

   For example, Kerberos deployments in the enterprise typically trust a
   KDC to make any statement about principals in a realm.  This includes
   attributes such as group membership.

   In contrast, in a federated SAML environment, the identity provider
   typically exists in a different organization than the acceptor.  In
   this case, the set of group memberships or entitlements that the IDP

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   is permitted to make needs to be filtered by the policy of the
   acceptor and federation.

   So even an attribute containing the same information such as e-mail
   address would need to be treated differently by the application in
   the context of an enterprise deployment from the context of a
   federation.

   Another aspect related to trust is the role of the credential issuer
   in providing the attribute.  Consider Kerberos PKINIT (RFC 4556).  In
   this protocol, a public key and associated certificate are used to
   authenticate to a Kerberos KDC.  Consider how attributes related to a
   pkinit certificate should be made available in GSS-API
   authentications based on the Kerberos ticket.  In some deployments
   the certificate may be fully trusted; in including the certificate
   information in the ticket, the KDC permits the acceptor to trust the
   information in the certificate just as if the KDC itself had made
   these statements.  In other deployments, the KDC may have authorized
   a hash of the certificate without evaluating the content of the
   certificate or generally trusting the issuing certificate authority.
   In this case, if the certificate were included in the issued ticket,
   the KDC would only be making the statement that the certificate was
   used in the authentication.  This statement would be authenticated,
   but would not imply that the KDC stated particular attributes of the
   certificate described the initiator.

   Another aspect of context is encoding of the attribute information.
   An attribute containing an ASCII or UTF-8 version of an e-mail
   address could not be interpreted the same as a ASN.1 Distinguished
   Encoding Rules e-mail address in a certificate.

   All of these contextual aspects of a name attribute affect whether
   two attributes can be treated the same by an application and thus
   whether they should be considered the same name attribute.  In the
   GSS-API naming extensions, attributes that have different contexts
   MUST have different names so they can be distinguished by
   applications.  As an unfortunate consequence of this requirement,
   multiple attribute names will exist for the same basic information.
   That is, there is no single attribute name for the e-mail address of
   an initiator.  Other aspects of how mechanisms describe information
   about subjects would already make this true.  For example, some
   mechanisms use OIDs to name attributes; others use URIs.

   Local implementations or platforms are likely to have sufficient
   policy and information to know when contexts can be treated as the
   same.  For example the GSS-API implementation may know that a
   particular certificate authority can be trusted in the context of a
   pkinit authentication.  The local implementation may have sufficient

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   policy to know that a particular credential issuer is trusted to make
   a given statement.  In order to take advantage of this local
   knowledge within the GSS-API implementation, naming extensions
   support the concept of local attributes in addition to standard
   attributes.  For example, an implementation might provide a local
   attribute for e-mail address.  The implementation would specify the
   encoding and representation of this attribute; mechanism-specific
   standards attributes would be re-encoded if necessary to meet this
   representation.  Only e-mail addresses in contexts that meet the
   requirements of local policy would be mapped into this local
   attribute.

   Such local attributes inherently expose a tradeoff between
   interoperability and usability.  Using a local attribute in an
   application requires knowledge of the local implementation.  However
   using a standardized attribute in an application requires more
   knowledge of policy and more validation logic in the application.
   Sharing this logic in the local platform provides more consistency
   across applications as well as reducing implementation costs.  Both
   options are needed.

6.  Representation of Attribute Names

   Different underlying mechanisms (eg SAML or X.509 certificates)
   provide different representations for the names of their attribute.
   In X.509 certificates, most objects are named by object identifiers
   (OIDs).  The type of object (certificate extension, name constraint,
   keyPurposeID, etc) along with the OID is sufficient to identify the
   attribute.  By contrast, according to Section 8.2 and 2.7.3.1 of
   [OASIS.saml-core-2.0-os], the name of an attribute has two parts.
   The first is a URI describing the format of the name.  The second
   part, whose form depends on the format URI, is the actual name.  In
   other cases an attribute might represent a certificate that plays
   some particular role in a GSS-API mechanism; such attributes might
   have a simple mechanism-defined name.

   Attribute names MUST support multiple components.  If there are more
   than one component in an attribute name, the more significant
   components define the semantics of the less significant components.

   Attribute names are represented as OCTET STRING elements in the API
   described below.  These attribute names have syntax and semantics
   that are understood by the application and by the lower-layer
   implementations (some of which are described below).

   If an attribute name contains a space (ASCII 0x20), the first space
   separates the most significant or primary component of the name from

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   the remainder.  If there is no space, the primary component is the
   entire name, otherwise it defines the interpretation of the remainder
   of the name.s

   If the primary component contains an ASCII : (0x3a), then the primary
   component is a URI.  Otherwise, the attribute is a local attribute
   and the primary component has meaning to the implementation of GSS-
   API or to the specific configuration of the application.  At this
   time, local attribute names are not standardized; there is debate
   about whether such standardization will be useful.  Any future
   standardizations will need to balance potential problems resulting
   from attribute names used before standardization.

   A sufficient prefix of attribute names needs to be dictated by a
   mechanism in order to describe the context.  For example it would be
   problematic to represent SAML attribute names as the name format URI,
   a space, and the remainder of the name.  A carefully crafted SAML
   assertion could appear to be a name from another mechanism or
   context.  Typically a SAML attribute name would include a prefix
   describing the trust model and other context of the attribute name.

   Local attribute names under the control of an administrator or a
   sufficiently trusted part of the platform need not have a prefix to
   describe context.

7.  API

7.1.  SET OF OCTET STRING

   The construct SET OF OCTET STRING occurs once in RFC 2743 [RFC2743]
   where it is used to represent a set of status strings in the
   GSS_Display_status call.  The Global Grid Forum has defined SET OF
   OCTET STRING as a buffer-set type in GFD.024 [GFD.024] which also
   provides one API for memory management of these structures.  The
   normative reference to GFD.024 [GFD.024] is for the buffer set
   functions defined in section 2.5 and the associated buffer set C
   types defined in section 6 (namely gss_buffer_set_desc,
   gss_buffer_set_t, gss_create_empty_buffer_set,
   gss_add_buffer_set_member, gss_release_buffer_set).  Nothing else
   from GFD.024 is required to implement this document.  In particular,
   that document specify changes in behaviour existing GSS-API functions
   in section 3: implementing those changes are not required to
   implement this document.  Any implementation of SET OF OCTET STRING
   for use by this specification MUST preserve order.

7.2.  Const types

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   The C bindings for the new APIs uses some types from [RFC5587] to
   avoid issues with the use of "const".  The normative reference to
   [RFC5587] is for the C types specified in Figure 1 of 3.4.6, nothing
   else from that document is required to implement this document.

7.3.  GSS_Display_name_ext()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME,

   o  display_as_name_type OBJECT IDENTIFIER

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER,

   o  display_name OCTET STRING -- caller must release with
      GSS_Release_buffer()

   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE indicates that the given name could not be
      displayed using the syntax of the given name type.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   This function displays a given name using the given name syntax, if
   possible.  This operation may require mapping Mechanism Names (MNs)
   to generic name syntaxes or generic name syntaxes to mechanism-
   specific name syntaxes; such mappings may not always be feasible and
   MAY be inexact or lossy, therefore this function may fail.

7.3.1.  C-Bindings

   The display_name buffer is de-allocated by the caller with
   gss_release_buffer.

   OM_uint32 gss_display_name_ext(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     gss_const_OID                 display_as_name_type,

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     gss_buffer_t                  display_name
   );

7.4.  GSS_Inquire_name()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER,

   o  name_is_MN BOOLEAN,

   o  mn_mech OBJECT IDENTIFIER,

   o  attrs SET OF OCTET STRING -- the caller is responsible for de-
      allocating memory using GSS_Release_buffer_set

   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   This function outputs the set of attributes of a name.  It also
   indicates if a given name is an Mechanism Name (MN) or not and, if it
   is, what mechanism it's an MN of.

7.4.1.  C-Bindings

   OM_uint32 gss_inquire_name(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     int                           *name_is_MN,
     gss_OID                       *MN_mech,
     gss_buffer_set_t              *attrs
   );

   The gss_buffer_set_t is used here as the C representation of SET OF
   OCTET STRING.  This type is used to represent a set of attributes and
   is a NULL-terminated array of gss_buffer_t.  The gss_buffer_set_t
   type and associated API is defined in GFD.024 [GFD.024].  The "attrs"

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   buffer set is de-allocated by the caller using
   gss_release_buffer_set().

7.5.  GSS_Get_name_attribute()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME,

   o  attr OCTET STRING

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER,

   o  authenticated BOOLEAN, -- TRUE iff authenticated by the trusted
      peer credential source.

   o  complete BOOLEAN -- TRUE iff this represents a complete set of
      values for the name.

   o  values SET OF OCTET STRING -- the caller is responsible for de-
      allocating memory using GSS_Release_buffer_set.

   o  display_values SET OF OCTET STRING -- the caller is responsible
      for de-allocating memory using GSS_Release_buffer_set

   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE indicates that the given attribute OID is not
      known or set.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   This function outputs the value(s) associated with a given GSS name
   object for a given name attribute.

   The complete flag denotes that (if TRUE) the set of values represents
   a complete set of values for this name.  The peer being an
   authoritative source of information for this attribute is a
   sufficient condition for the complete flag to be set by the peer.

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   In the federated case when several peers may hold some of the
   attributes about a name this flag may be highly dangerous and SHOULD
   NOT be used.

   NOTE: This function relies on the GSS-API notion of "SET OF" allowing
   for order preservation; this has been discussed on the KITTEN WG
   mailing list and the consensus seems to be that, indeed, that was
   always the intention.  It should be noted however that the order
   presented does not always reflect an underlying order of the
   mechanism specific source of the attribute values.

7.5.1.  C-Bindings

   The C-bindings of GSS_Get_name_attribute() requires one function call
   per-attribute value, for multi-valued name attributes.  This is done
   by using a single gss_buffer_t for each value and an input/output
   integer parameter to distinguish initial and subsequent calls and to
   indicate when all values have been obtained.

   The 'more' input/output parameter should point to an integer variable
   whose value, on first call to gss_name_attribute_get() MUST be -1,
   and whose value upon function call return will be non-zero to
   indicate that additional values remain, or zero to indicate that no
   values remain.  The caller should not modify this parameter after the
   initial call.  The status of the complete and authenticated flags
   MUST NOT change between multiple calls to iterate over values for an
   attribute.

   The output buffers "value" and "display_value" are de-allocated by
   the caller using gss_release_buffer().

   OM_uint32 gss_get_name_attribute(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     gss_const_buffer_t            attr,
     int                           *authenticated,
     int                           *complete,
     gss_buffer_t                  value,
     gss_buffer_t                  display_value,
     int                           *more
   );

7.6.  GSS_Set_name_attribute()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME,

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   o  complete BOOLEAN, -- TRUE iff this represents a complete set of
      values for the name.

   o  attr OCTET STRING,

   o  values SET OF OCTET STRING

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER

   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE indicates that the given attribute NAME is not
      known or could not be set.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   When the given NAME object is an MN this function MUST fail (with
   GSS_S_FAILURE) if the mechanism for which the name is an MN does not
   recognize the attribute name or the namespace it belongs to.  This is
   because name attributes generally have some semantics that mechanisms
   must understand.

   On the other hand, when the given name is not an MN this function MAY
   succeed even if none of the available mechanisms understand the given
   attribute, in which subsequent credential acquisition attempts (via
   GSS_Acquire_cred() or GSS_Add_cred()) with the resulting name MUST
   fail for mechanisms that do not understand any one or more name
   attributes set with this function.  Applications may wish to use a
   non-MN, then acquire a credential with that name as the desired name.
   The acquired credentials will have elements only for the mechanisms
   that can carry the name attributes set on the name.

   Note that this means that all name attributes are locally critical:
   the mechanism(s) must understand them.  The reason for this is that
   name attributes must necessarily have some meaning that the mechanism
   must understand, even in the case of application-specific attributes
   (in which case the mechanism must know to transport the attribute to
   any peer).  However, there is no provision to ensure that peers
   understand any given name attribute.  Individual name attributes may
   be critical with respect to peers, and the specification of the
   attribute will have to indicate which of the mechanism's protocol or

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   the application is expected to enforce criticality.

   The complete flag denotes that (if TRUE) the set of values represents
   a complete set of values for this name.  The peer being an
   authoritative source of information for this attribute is a
   sufficient condition for the complete flag to be set by the peer.

   In the federated case when several peers may hold some of the
   attributes about a name this flag may be highly dangerous and SHOULD
   NOT be used.

   NOTE: This function relies on the GSS-API notion of "SET OF" allowing
   for order preservation; this has been discussed on the KITTEN WG
   mailing list and the consensus seems to be that, indeed, that was
   always the intention.  It should be noted that underlying mechanisms
   may not respect the given order.

7.6.1.  C-Bindings

   The C-bindings of GSS_Set_name_attribute() requires one function call
   per-attribute value, for multi-valued name attributes -- each call
   adds one value.  To replace an attribute's every value delete the
   attribute's values first with GSS_Delete_name_attribute().

   OM_uint32 gss_set_name_attribute(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     int                           complete,
     gss_const_buffer_t            attr,
     gss_const_buffer_t            value
   );

7.7.  GSS_Delete_name_attribute()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME,

   o  attr OCTET STRING,

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER

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   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_UNAVAILABLE indicates that the given attribute NAME is not
      known.

   o  GSS_S_UNAUTHORIZED indicates that a forbidden delete operation was
      attempted eg deleting a negative attribute.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   Deletion of negative authenticated attributes from NAME objects MUST
   NOT be allowed and must result in a GSS_S_UNAUTHORIZED.

7.7.1.  C-Bindings

   OM_uint32 gss_delete_name_attribute(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     gss_const_buffer_t            attr
   );

7.8.  GSS_Export_name_composite()

   Inputs:

   o  name INTERNAL NAME

   Outputs:

   o  major_status INTEGER,

   o  minor_status INTEGER,

   o  exp_composite_name OCTET STRING -- the caller is responsible for
      de-allocating memory using GSS_Release_buffer

   Return major_status codes:

   o  GSS_S_COMPLETE indicates no error.

   o  GSS_S_FAILURE indicates a general error.

   This function outputs a token which can be imported with
   GSS_Import_name(), using GSS_C_NT_COMPOSITE_EXPORT as the name type

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   and which preserves any name attribute information (including the
   authenticated/complete flags) associated with the input name (which
   GSS_Export_name() may well not).  The token format is not specified
   here as this facility is intended for inter-process communication
   only; however, all such tokens MUST start with a two-octet token ID,
   hex 04 02, in network byte order.

   The OID for GSS_C_NT_COMPOSITE_EXPORT is <TBD>.

7.8.1.  C-Bindings

   The "exp_composite_name" buffer is de-allocated by the caller with
   gss_release_buffer.

   OM_uint32 gss_export_name_composite(
     OM_uint32                     *minor_status,
     gss_const_name_t              name,
     gss_buffer_t                  exp_composite_name
   );

8.  IANA Considerations

   This specification has no actions for IANA.

   This document creates a namespace of GSS-API name attributes.
   Attributes are named by URIs, so no single authority is technically
   needed for allocation.  However future deployment experience may
   indicate the need for an IANA registry for URIs used to reference
   names specified by IETF standards.  It is expected that this will be
   a registry of URNs but this document provides no further guidance on
   this registry.

9.  Security Considerations

   This document extends the GSS-API naming model to include support for
   name attributes.  The intention is that name attributes are to be
   used as a basis for (among other things) authorization decisions or
   personalization for applications relying on GSS-API security
   contexts.

   The security of the application may be critically dependent on the
   security of the attributes.  This document classifies attributes as
   asserted or authenticated.  Asserted (non-authenticated) attributes
   MUST NOT be used if the attribute has security implications for the
   application (eg authorization decisions) since asserted attributes
   may easily be controlled by the peer directly.

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   It is important to understand the meaning of 'authenticated' in this
   setting.  Authenticated does not imply that any semantic of the
   attribute is claimed to be true.  The only implication is that a
   trusted third party has asserted the attribute as opposed to the
   attribute being asserte by the peer itself.  Any additional semantics
   is always the result of applying policy.  For instance in a given
   deployment the mail attribute of the subject may be authenticated and
   sourced from an email system where 'authoritive' values are kept.  In
   another situations users may be allowed to modify their mail
   addresses freely.  In both cases the 'mail' attribute may be
   authenticated by virtue of being included in signed SAML attribute
   assertions or by other means authenticated by the underlying
   mechanism.

   When the underlying security mechanism does not provide a permanent
   unique identity (e.g., anonymous kerberos), GSS-API naming extensions
   may be used to provide a permanent unique identity attribute.  This
   may be a globally unique identifier, a value unique within the
   namespace of the attribute issuer, or a "directed" identifier that is
   unique per peer acceptor identity.  SAML, to use one example
   technology, offers a number of built-in constructs for this purpose,
   such as a <NameID> with a Format of
   "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:nameid-format:persistent".  SAML
   deployments also typically make use of domain-specific attribute
   types that can serve as identifiers.

10.  References

10.1.  Normative References

   [GFD.024]  Argonne National Laboratory, National Center for
              Supercomputing Applications, Argonne National Laboratory,
              and Argonne National Laboratory, "GSS-API Extensions",
              GFD GFD.024, June 2004.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2743]  Linn, J., "Generic Security Service Application Program
              Interface Version 2, Update 1", RFC 2743, January 2000.

   [RFC2744]  Wray, J., "Generic Security Service API Version 2 :
              C-bindings", RFC 2744, January 2000.

   [RFC5587]  Williams, N., "Extended Generic Security Service Mechanism
              Inquiry APIs", RFC 5587, July 2009.

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10.2.  Informative References

   [OASIS.saml-core-2.0-os]
              Cantor, S., Kemp, J., Philpott, R., and E. Maler,
              "Assertions and Protocol for the OASIS Security Assertion
              Markup Language (SAML) V2.0", OASIS Standard saml-core-
              2.0-os, March 2005.

   [RFC4768]  Hartman, S., "Desired Enhancements to Generic Security
              Services Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Version 3
              Naming", RFC 4768, December 2006.

Authors' Addresses

   Nicolas Williams

   Email: nico@cryptonector.com

   Leif Johansson
   Swedish University Network
   Thulegatan 11
   Stockholm
   Sweden

   Email: leifj@sunet.se
   URI:   http://www.sunet.se

   Sam Hartman
   Painless Security

   Phone:
   Fax:
   Email: hartmans-ietf@mit.edu
   URI:

   Simon Josefsson
   SJD AB
   Hagagatan 24
   Stockholm  113 47
   SE

   Email: simon@josefsson.org
   URI:   http://josefsson.org/

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