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Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for IP
draft-akiya-bfd-seamless-ip-02

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
Authors Nobo Akiya , Carlos Pignataro , David Ward
Last updated 2014-06-07
Replaced by draft-ietf-bfd-seamless-ip, RFC 7881
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IESG IESG state I-D Exists
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draft-akiya-bfd-seamless-ip-02
Internet Engineering Task Force                                 N. Akiya
Internet-Draft                                              C. Pignataro
Intended status: Standards Track                                 D. Ward
Expires: December 9, 2014                                  Cisco Systems
                                                            June 7, 2014

        Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) for IP
                     draft-akiya-bfd-seamless-ip-02

Abstract

   Note: this document needs to be updated to align with changes in the
   S-BFD base document.

   This specification defines procedures to use Seamless Bidirectional
   Forwarding Detection (S-BFD) in IP and IP signalled MPLS
   environments.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 9, 2014.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  BFD Target Identifier Type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   3.  Reserved BFD Discriminators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   4.  BFD Target Identifier Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   5.  Full Reachability Validations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     5.1.  Initiator Behavior  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     5.2.  Responder Behavior  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   6.  Partial Reachability Validations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   7.  MPLS Label Verifications  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   8.  Provisioning Active IP Sessions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   9.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   11. Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   12. Contributing Authors  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   13. Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6

1.  Introduction

   One application for Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
   (S-BFD) [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base] is to perform full and partial
   reachability validations on IP and IP signalled MPLS environments.

   This specification defines procedures to use Seamless BFD in IP and
   IP signalled MPLS environments.

2.  BFD Target Identifier Type

   BFD target identifier type of value 1 is used for IPv4 addresses and
   router IDs.  This identifier type will cover Seamless BFD in
   following scenarios:

   o  BFD control packets IPv4 routed.

   o  BFD control packets IPv6 routed.

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   o  BFD control packets label switched in IPv4 signaled LSP.

   o  BFD control packets label switched in IPv6 signaled LSP.

   Not all IPv6 aspects are covered by this specification, and details
   are clarified in Section 3.

3.  Reserved BFD Discriminators

   With IPv4 based BFD, BFD target identifier type 1 is used.  IPv4
   addresses are used as BFD discriminators.  BFD discriminator values
   corresponding to all or subset of local IPv4 addresses are to be
   allocated from the discriminator pool for Seamless BFD.

   Example:

   o  BFD Target Identifier Type 1: IPv4 address 3.3.2.1 maps to BFD
      discriminator 0x03030201.

   With IPv6 based BFD, BFD target identifier type 1 is used.  Router
   IDs are used as BFD discriminators.  BFD discriminator values
   corresponding to all or subset of local router IDs are to be
   allocated from the discriminator pool for Seamless BFD.  IDs which
   are larger than 32 bits (ex: ISIS system ID) are not included as part
   of this identifier type, and is outside the scope of this document.

   Example:

   o  BFD Target Identifier Type 1: Router-ID 3.3.4.5 maps to BFD
      discriminator 0x03030405.

   Note that it is acceptable for an IPv4 address and a router-ID to
   collide, mapping into a same BFD discriminator value.  There will not
   be an issue as long as colliding BFD discriminator value is reserved
   for the Seamless BFD purpose.

4.  BFD Target Identifier Table

   With IP identifier type, only locally reserved BFD discriminators and
   corresponding information are to be in this table.  No inter-node
   communications are needed to exchange BFD discriminator and BFD
   target identifier mappings.

5.  Full Reachability Validations

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5.1.  Initiator Behavior

   Any IP network node can attempt to perform a full reachability
   validation to any BFD target identifier of type 1 (IPv4 address or
   router-ID) on other network nodes, as long as destination BFD target
   identifier is provisioned to use this mechanism.  Transmitted BFD
   control packet by the initiator is to have "your discriminator"
   corresponding to destination IPv4 address or router ID.

   Initiator is to use following procedures to construct BFD control
   packets to perform IP full reachability validations on BFD packets
   that are IP routed:

   o  MUST set "your discriminator" to target IPv4 address or target
      router-ID.
   o  If packet is to be explicitly label switched, then explicit label
      switching packet format described in [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base]
      MUST be used.  Otherwise IP routing packet format described in
      [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base] MUST be used.

5.2.  Responder Behavior

   To respond to received BFD control packet which was targeted to local
   BFD target identifier of type 1 (IP address or router-ID), response
   BFD control packet is targeted to IP address taken from received
   "source IP address".  Responder MUST validate obtained IP address is
   in valid format (ex: not Martian address).  Responder MUST consult
   local routing table to ensure obtained IP address is reachable.

6.  Partial Reachability Validations

   Procedures described in [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base] applies.

7.  MPLS Label Verifications

   MPLS label verification mechanism is applicable to those IP based BFD
   which use explicit label switching techniques.  However, details of
   what responder embeds in the lower 23 bits of localhost address, and
   how initiator determines correctness of label programming is outside
   the scope of this document.

8.  Provisioning Active IP Sessions

   Active IP BFD sessions, single-hop, multi-hop or MPLS can be
   instantiated on any network node to any IPv4 target addresses and
   OSPFv3 router IDs using this mechanism.  This style of usage is
   particularly useful only if one side is required to perform full
   reachability validations (ex: static route, uni-directional tunnel).

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   This style of usage is also particularly useful to perform
   validations and verifications on just subset of LSPs (ex: inter-AS,
   injection of partial BFD reachability validation packet on IPv4 RSVP
   LSP nodes).

9.  Security Considerations

   Security considerations for BFD are discussed in [RFC5880] and
   security considerations for S-BFD are discussed in
   [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base].

10.  IANA Considerations

   None

11.  Acknowledgements

   Authors would like to thank Marc Binderberger from Cisco Systems for
   providing valuable comments.

12.  Contributing Authors

   Tarek Saad
   Cisco Systems
   Email: tsaad@cisco.com

   Siva Sivabalan
   Cisco Systems
   Email: msiva@cisco.com

   Nagendra Kumar
   Cisco Systems
   Email: naikumar@cisco.com

13.  Normative References

   [I-D.akiya-bfd-seamless-base]
              Akiya, N., Pignataro, C., Ward, D., Bhatia, M., and J.
              Networks, "Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
              (S-BFD)", draft-akiya-bfd-seamless-base-03 (work in
              progress), April 2014.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC5880]  Katz, D. and D. Ward, "Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
              (BFD)", RFC 5880, June 2010.

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Authors' Addresses

   Nobo Akiya
   Cisco Systems

   Email: nobo@cisco.com

   Carlos Pignataro
   Cisco Systems

   Email: cpignata@cisco.com

   Dave Ward
   Cisco Systems

   Email: wardd@cisco.com

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