Packet-Optical Integration in Segment Routing
draft-anand-spring-poi-sr-00
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| Authors | Madhukar Anand , Sanjoy Bardhan , Ramesh Subrahmaniam | ||
| Last updated | 2016-03-20 | ||
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draft-anand-spring-poi-sr-00
SPRING Working Group Madhukar Anand
Internet-Draft Sanjoy Bardhan
Intended Status: Informational Ramesh Subrahmaniam
Infinera Corporation
Expires: September 21, 2016 March 20, 2016
Packet-Optical Integration in Segment Routing
draft-anand-spring-poi-sr-00
Abstract
This document illustrates a way to integrate a new class of nodes and
links in segment routing to represent networks in an opaque way for
further extensibility of the link-state protocols that help with
segment routing. An instance of the opaque definition would be
optical networks that are typically transport centric. In the IP
centric network, this will help in defining a common control protocol
for packet optical integration that will include optical paths as
opaque 'segments' or sub-paths as an augmentation to the defined
extensions of segment routing. This opaque option defines a general
mechanism to allow for future extensibility of segment routing.
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
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The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
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Copyright and License Notice
Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
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the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Reference Taxonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Use case - Packet Optical Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Mechanism overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. IS-IS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment . 6
6. OSPF extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment . 8
7. OSPFv3 extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency
segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8. BGP-LS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency
segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8.1 Link Attribute TLVs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
8.2 Opaque Adjacency SID TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
9. PCEP-LS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency
segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
10. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
11. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
12 IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
13 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
13.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
13.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
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1 Introduction
Packet and optical transport networks have evolved independently with
different control plane mechanisms that have to be provisioned and
maintained separately. Consequently, coordinating packet and optical
networks for delivering services such as end-to-end traffic
engineering or failure response has proved challenging. To address
this challenge, a unified control and management paradigm that
provides an incremental path to complete packet-optical integration
while leveraging existing signaling and routing protocols in either
domains is needed. This document introduces such a paradigm based on
Segment Routing (SR) [I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing].
This document introduces a new type of segment, Opaque Adjacency
Segment. Opaque Adjacency Segment can be used to model abstracted
paths through the optical transport domain and integrate it with the
packet network for delivering end-to-end services. In addition, this
also introduces a notion of a Packet optical gateway (POG). These are
nodes in the network that map packet services to the optical domain
that originate and terminate these opaque adjacency segments. Given
an opaque adjacency, a POG will expand it to a path in the optical
transport network.
2. Reference Taxonomy
POG - Packet optical gateway Device
SR Edge Router - The Edge Router which is the first SR capable device
CE - Customer Edge Device that is outside of the SR domain
PCE - Path Computation Engine
Controller - A network controller
3. Use case - Packet Optical Integration
Many operators build and operate their networks that are both multi-
layer and multi-domain. Services are built around these layers and
domains to provide end-to-end services. Due to the nature of the
different domains, such as packet and optical, the management and
service creation has always been problematic and time consuming. With
segment routing, enabling a head-end node to select a path and embed
the information in the packet is a powerful construct that would be
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used in the Packet Optical Gateways (POG). The path is usually
constructed for each domain that may be manually derived or through a
stateful PCE which is run specifically in that domain.
P1---------O1---------P2---------O2---------P3---------O3---------P4
Figure 1: Representation of a packet-optical path
In Figure 1 above, the nodes represent a packet optical network. P1,
P2, P3 and P4 are packet optical devices that are connected via
optical paths O1, O2 and O3. Nodes P1 and P4 are edge devices that
have customer facing devices (denoted as Border POGs) and P2 and P3
are core nodes (denoted as Transit POGs) in the network. A packet
service is established by specifying a path between P1 and P4. Note
that in defining this path, we will need to specify both the nodes
and the links that make up this service. POGs advertise themselves
along with their adjacencies and the domains they belong to. To
leverage segment routing to define the above service, the ingress
node P1 would append all outgoing packets in a SR header consisting
of the SIDs that constitute the path. In the packet domain this would
mean P1 would send its packets towards P4 using the segment list {P2,
P4}. The operator would need to use a different mechanism in the
optical domain to set up the optical paths denoted by O1, O2 and O3.
Each POG would announce the active optical path as an opaque
adjacency - for example, in the case of P1, the optical path O1 would
represent an optical path that includes the optical nodes Om and On
as shown on Figure 2. This path is not known to the packet SR domain
and is only relevant to the optical domain D between P1 and P2. A
PCE that is run in Domain D would be responsible for calculating path
O1.
|-----Om--------On-----|
P1----| (D) |------P2
|-----Ox---------Oy----|
Figure 2: POG with multiple optical paths through an optical domain
Similarly, the transit POGs P2 and P3 in Figure 1 would announce
opaque adjacencies O2 and O3. The border POG would include the
optical paths O1, O2 and O3 to the segment list for P1 to P4. The
expanded segment list would read as {O1, P2, O2, P3, O3, P4}.
There are potentially two locations for Borders POGs - one that has
last-mile access nodes and the other being Data Center Interconnect
nodes. The POGs that are in the core of the network which connect
with long haul optical networks are usually Transit POGs.
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+------------------------+
| |
+--------------+----' PCE or Controller |----+---------------+
| | | | | |
| | +------------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | .-----. | |
| | ( ) | |
+-------+ +-------+ .--( )--. +-------+ +-------+
| SR | |Packet | ( ) |Packet | | SR |
| Edge | |Optical|-( Optical Transport )_ |Optical| | Edge |
|Router | ... |Gateway| ( Domain ) |Gateway| ... |Router |
+---+.--+ +-------+ ( ) +-------+ +---+.--+
| '--( )--' |
,--+. ( ) ,-+-.
( CE ) '-----' ( CE )
`---' `---'
Figure 3. Reference Topology for Opaque Adjacency Segment
4. Mechanism overview
The current proposal assumes that the SR domains run standard IGP
protocols to discover the topology and distribute labels without any
modification. There are also no modifications to the control plane
mechanisms in the Optical transport domains. The mechanism for
supporting the opaque adjacency segment is as follows.
1. Firstly, the Packet Optical Gateway (POG) devices announce
themselves in the SR domain. This is indicated by advertising a new
SR node capability flag. The exact extensions to support this
capability are described in the subsequent sections of this
document.
2. Then, the POG devices announce paths to other POGs through the
optical transport domain as an opaque adjacency segment (opaque
adjacency SID) in the SR domain. The paths are announced with an
appropriate transit domain type, optical transport domain ID, and a
label to be used to bind to the opaque adjacency segment. The
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appropriate IGP segment routing extensions to carry this information
is described in the subsequent sections of this document.
3. The opaque adjacency segment can also optionally be announced
with a set of attributes that characterizes the path in the optical
transport domain between the two POG devices. For instance, those
attributes could define the OTN mapping used (e.g., ODU4,
ODU3,ODU3e1....ODU1), timeslots (1-8 or 4,6,7 or 1-2,5), or optical
path protection schemes.
4. The POG device is also responsible for programming its
forwarding table to map every opaque adjacency label entry into an
appropriate forwarding action relevant in the optical domain, such as
mapping it to a label-switched path.
5. The opaque adjacency segment is communicated to the PCE or
Controller using extensions to BGP-LS or PCEP-LS as described in
subsequent sections of this document.
6. Finally, the PCE or Controller then uses the opaque adjacency
segment label to influence the path leaving the SR domain into the
optical domain, thereby defining the end-to-end path for a given
service.
5. IS-IS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment
A new IS-IS sub-TLV is defined: the Opaque Adjacency Segment
Identifier sub-TLV (Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLV). The Opaque-Adj-SID sub-
TLV is an optional sub-TLV carrying the opaque adjacency SID with
flags and fields that may be used, in future extensions of Segment
Routing, for carrying other types of Opaque Adjacency SIDs.
Multiple Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLVs MAY be associated with a pair of
POG devices to represent multiple paths within the optical domain
with perhaps different characteristics.
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length | Flags | Weight |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Domain ID |Opaque Sub Type| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Remote POG System ID |
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Packet-Optical Label |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Where:
Type: TBD, suggested value 33
Length: variable.
Flags: 1 octet field of following flags:
V - Value flag. If set, then the packet-optical label carries
a value. By default the flag is SET.
L - Local. Local Flag. If set, then the value/index carried by
the Adj-SID has local significance. By default the flag is SET.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|V|L|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Other bits: Reserved. These MUST be zero when sent and are ignored
when received.
Weight: TBD
Domain ID: An identifier for the transport domain
Opaque Sub Type: TBD
Remote POG System-ID: 6 octets of IS-IS System-ID of length
"ID Length" as defined in [ISO10589].
Packet-Optical Label : according to the V and L flags, it contains
either:
* A 3 octet local label where the 20 rightmost bits are
used for encoding the label value. In this case the V and
L flags MUST be set.
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* A 4 octet index defining the offset in the label space
advertised by this router. In this case V and L flags MUST
be unset.
Further, to communicate the Packet-Optical Gateway capability of the
device, we introduce a new flag O in the SR Node Capabilities sub-TLV:
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|I|V|H|O| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
I, V, H flags are defined in [I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions].
O-Flag: If set, then the router is capable of performing Packet Optical
Gateway function.
6. OSPF extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment
A new OSPF sub-TLV is defined: the Opaque Adjacency Segment Identifier
sub-TLV (Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLV). The Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLV is an
optional sub-TLV of the Extended Link TLV carrying the opaque adjacency
SID with flags and fields that may be used, in future extensions of
Segment Routing, for carrying other types of Opaque Adjacency SIDs.
Multiple Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLVs MAY be associated with a pair of
POG devices to represent multiple paths within the optical domain
with perhaps different characteristics.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Flags | Reserved | MT-ID | Weight |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Domain ID |Opaque Sub Type| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Remote POG Router-ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Packet-Optical Label |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
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where:
Type: TBD, suggested value 3
Length: variable.
Flags: 1 octet field of following flags:
V - Value flag. If set, then the optical label carries a value.
By default the flag is SET.
L - Local. Local Flag. If set, then the value/index carried by
the Adj-SID has local significance. By default the flag is SET.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|V|L|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Other bits: Reserved. These MUST be zero when sent and are ignored
when received.
MT-ID: Multi-Topology ID (as defined in [RFC4915]).
Weight: TBD
Domain ID: An identifier for the transport domain
Opaque Sub Type: TBD
Remote POG Router-ID: 4 octets of OSPF Router-ID
Packet-Optical Label : according to the V and L flags, it contains
either:
* A 3 octet local label where the 20 rightmost bits are
used for encoding the label value. In this case the V and
L flags MUST be set.
* A 4 octet index defining the offset in the label space
advertised by this router. In this case V and L flags MUST
be unset.
Further, to communicate the Packet-Optical Gateway capability of the
device, we introduce an new optical informational capability bit in the
Router Information capabilities TLV (as defined in [RFC4970]).
Bit-24 - Optical - If set, then the router is capable of performing
Packet Optical Gateway function.
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7. OSPFv3 extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment
The Opaque-Adj-SID Sub-TLV is an optional Sub-TLV of the
Router-Link TLV as defined in [I-D.ietf-ospf-ospfv3-lsa-extend].
It MAY appear multiple times in Router-Link TLV.
Multiple Opaque-Adj-SID sub-TLVs MAY be associated with a pair of
POG devices to represent multiple paths within the optical domain
with perhaps different characteristics.
The Opaque-Adj-SID Sub-TLV has the following format:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Flags | Weight | Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Domain ID |Opaque Sub Type| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Remote POG Router-ID |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Packet-Optical Label |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
where:
Type: TBD, suggested value 6
Length: variable.
Flags: 1 octet field of following flags:
V - Value flag. If set, then the optical label carries a value.
By default the flag is SET.
L - Local. Local Flag. If set, then the value/index carried by
the Adj-SID has local significance. By default the flag is SET.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|V|L|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Other bits: Reserved. These MUST be zero when sent and are ignored
when received.
Weight: TBD
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Domain ID: An identifier for the transport domain
Opaque Sub Type: TBD
Remote POG Router-ID: 4 octets of OSPFv3 Router-ID
Packet-Optical Label : according to the V and L flags, it contains
either:
* A 3 octet local label where the 20 rightmost bits are
used for encoding the label value. In this case the V and
L flags MUST be set.
* A 4 octet index defining the offset in the label space
advertised by this router. In this case V and L flags MUST
be unset.
Further, to communicate the Packet-Optical Gateway capability of the
device, we introduce an new optical informational capability bit in the
Router Information capabilities TLV (as defined in [RFC4970]).
Bit-24 - Optical - If set, then the router is capable of performing
Packet Optical Gateway function.
8. BGP-LS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment
8.1 Link Attribute TLVs
The following new Link Attribute TLVs are defined:
+-----------+----------------------------+----------+---------------+
| TLV Code | Description | Length | Section |
| Point | | | |
+-----------+----------------------------+----------+---------------+
| 1101 | Opaque Adjacency Segment | variable | |
| | Identifier (Opq-Adj-SID)TLV| | |
+-----------+----------------------------+----------+---------------+
Table 1: BGP-LS Link Attribute TLVs
These TLVs can ONLY be added to the Link Attribute associated with
the link whose local node originates the corresponding SR TLV.
The Opaque adjacency segment TLV allows a node to advertise an opaque
adjacency within a single IGP domain.
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8.2 Opaque Adjacency SID TLV
The Opaque Adjacency SID (Opq-Adj-SID) TLV has the following format:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Flags | Weight | Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Domain ID |Opaque Sub Type| Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Remote POG System ID/Router-ID |
+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Packet-Optical Label |
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
Where:
Type: TBD, suggested value 1101.
Length: Variable.
Flags: 1 octet field of following flags as defined in the previous
sections for IS-IS and OSPF.
Weight: TBD.
Domain ID: An identifier for the optical transport domain
Opaque Sub Type : TBD
Remote POG Router-ID/System-ID: 4 octets of OSPF Router-ID or 6 Octets
of IS-IS System ID.
Packet-Optical Label: 4 octet field carrying the label as defined
in the previous sections for IS-IS and OSPF.
9. PCEP-LS extensions for supporting the opaque adjacency segment
Changes similar to BGP-LS are needed for supporting the opaque
adjacency segment in PCEP-LS. Details TBD.
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10. Summary
The motivation for introducing an opaque adjacency segment that is
separate from an IGP adjacency segment is to distinguish between a
real IGP adjacency (which is typically a symmetric relationship
between the devices that share a route flooding domain), and a
relationship between devices in potentially two different domains such
as packet and optical domains with no real IGP adjacency. Further,
the opaque adjacency segment can carry optional information that is
of significance only in the optical domain, and hence, opaque, to
the IGPs. This is specifically useful if the optical domain is
bridging the same IGP domain, then, the POG can attach both the
adjacency SID and the opaque adjacency SID to influence the
end-to-end path in the packet and optical domains respectively.
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11. Security Considerations
This document does not introduce any new security considerations.
12 IANA Considerations
TBD.
13 References
13.1 Normative References
[I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing]
Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Decraene, B., Litkowski, S.,
and r. rjs@rob.sh, "Segment Routing Architecture", draft-
ietf-spring-segment-routing-04 (work in progress), July
2015.
[I-D.ietf-isis-segment-routing-extensions]
Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Bashandy, A., Gredler, H.,
Litkowski, S., Decraene, B., and J. Tantsura, "IS-IS
Extensions for Segment Routing", draft-ietf-isis-segment-
routing-extensions-05 (work in progress), June 2015.
[I-D.ietf-ospf-segment-routing-extensions]
Psenak, P., Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Gredler, H.,
Shakir, R., Henderickx, W., and J. Tantsura, "OSPF
Extensions for Segment Routing", draft-ietf-ospf-segment-
routing-extensions-05 (work in progress), June 2015.
[RFC4915] L. Nguyen, P. Psenak, S. Mirtorabi, P. Pillay-Esnault, and
A. Roy, "Multi-Topology (MT) Routing in OSPF.", RFC4915,
<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4915>.
[I-D.ietf-ospf-ospfv3-segment-routing-extensions]
Psenak, P., Previdi, S., Filsfils, C., Gredler, H.,
Shakir, R., Henderickx, W., and J. Tantsura, "OSPFv3
Extensions for Segment Routing", draft-ietf-ospf-ospfv3-
segment-routing-extensions-03 (work in progress), June
2015.
[I-D.ietf-idr-ls-distribution]
Gredler, H., Medved, J., Previdi, S., Farrel, A., and S.
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Ray, "North-Bound Distribution of Link-State and TE
Information using BGP", draft-ietf-idr-ls-distribution-13
(work in progress), October 2015.
[RFC4970] Lindem, A., Ed., Shen, N., Vasseur, JP., Aggarwal, R., and
S. Shaffer, "Extensions to OSPF for Advertising Optional
Router Capabilities", RFC 4970, DOI 10.17487/RFC4970, July
2007, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4970>.
13.2 Informative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
Authors' Addresses
Madhukar Anand
Infinera Corporation
169 W Java Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Email: manand@infinera.com
Sanjoy Bardhan
Infinera Corporation
169 W Java Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Email: sbardhan@infinera.com
Ramesh Subrahmaniam
Infinera Corporation
169 W Java Dr, Sunnyvale, CA 94089
Email: RSubrahmaniam@@infinera.com
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