Framework for Energy Efficiency Management
draft-belmq-green-framework-00
This document is an Internet-Draft (I-D).
Anyone may submit an I-D to the IETF.
This I-D is not endorsed by the IETF and has no formal standing in the
IETF standards process.
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Benoît Claise , Luis M. Contreras , Jan Lindblad , Marisol Palmero , Emile Stephan , Qin Wu | ||
| Last updated | 2025-05-16 | ||
| Replaced by | draft-ietf-green-framework | ||
| RFC stream | (None) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Stream | Stream state | (No stream defined) | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| RFC Editor Note | (None) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | (None) |
draft-belmq-green-framework-00
Getting Ready for Energy-Efficient Networking B. Claise
Internet-Draft Huawei
Intended status: Informational L. M. Contreras
Expires: 17 November 2025 Telefonica
J. Lindblad
For.Eco
M. Palmero
Cisco Systems, Inc.
E. Stephan
Orange
Q. Wu
Huawei
16 May 2025
Framework for Energy Efficiency Management
draft-belmq-green-framework-00
Abstract
Recognizing the urgent need for energy efficiency, this document
specifies a management framework focused on devices and device
components within, or connected to, interconnected systems. The
framework aims to optimize energy usage and ensure interoperability
across diverse systems. Leveraging data from existing use cases, it
delivers actionable metrics to support effective energy management
and informed decision-making. Furthermore, the framework proposes
mechanisms for representing and organizing timestamped telemetry data
using YANG models and metadata, enabling transparent and reliable
monitoring. This structured approach facilitates improved energy
efficiency through consistent energy management practices.
About This Document
This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.
The latest revision of this draft can be found at
https://marisolpalmero.github.io/draft-belm-green-framework/draft-
belmq-green-framework.html. Status information for this document may
be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-belmq-green-
framework/.
Discussion of this document takes place on the Getting Ready for
Energy-Efficient Networking mailing list (mailto:green@ietf.org),
which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/green/.
Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/green/.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
https://github.com/marisolpalmero/draft-belm-green-framework.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 17 November 2025.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2025 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. TO DO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1. Impact on Energy Metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.2. Current Device Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.3. Why Now? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Reference Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1. Typical Power Topologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1.1. Basic Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.1.2. Single Power Supply with Multiple Devices . . . . . . 11
4.1.3. Multiple Power Supplies with Single Device . . . . . 13
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 2]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
5. Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10. Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1. TO DO
* IEC60050 reference needs a new URL
2. Introduction
In reference to https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-stephan-green-
use-cases/, analyzing use cases such as the "Incremental Application
of the GREEN Framework" and "Consideration of other domains for
obtention of end-to-end metrics", it reveals the critical need for a
structured approach to transitioning network devices towards energy-
efficient operations. The framework is essential for:
* Standardization: Ensuring consistent practices across different
devices and network segments to facilitate interoperability.
* Efficient Energy Management: Providing guidelines to identify
inefficiencies and implement improvements.
* Scalability: Offering solutions that accommodate growing network
demands and complexity.
* Cost Reduction: Optimizing energy usage to lower operational costs
and extend equipment lifecycles.
* Competitiveness: Enabling organizations to maintain a competitive
edge through enhanced sustainability.
* Environmental Impact: Supporting broader sustainability
initiatives by reducing carbon footprints.
* Simplified Implementation: Streamlining the deployment of energy-
efficient measures to minimize service disruptions.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 3]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
* Security: Protecting sensitive operations related to power states
and consumption.
This document defines an Energy Management framework for devices
within, or connected to, communication networks, for the use cases
described in https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-stephan-green-
use-cases/. The devices, or the components of these devices (such
as line cards, fans, and disks), can then be monitored and
controlled. Monitoring includes measuring power, energy, demand,
and attributes of power. Energy Control can be performed by
setting a device's or component's state. The devices monitored by
this framework can be either of the following:
- consumers of energy (such as routers and computer systems) and
components of such devices (such as line cards, fans, and
disks)
- producers of energy (like an uninterruptible power supply or
renewable energy system) and their associated components (such
as battery cells, inverters, or photovoltaic panels)
2.1. Terminology
The following terms are defined in [I-D.draft-bclp-green-terminology]
and EMAN Framework [RFC7326]: Energy, Power, Energy Management,
Energy Monitoring, Energy Control.
The following terms are defined in EMAN Framework [RFC7326], and cut/
paste here for completeness:
Energy Management System (EnMS) An Energy Management System is a
combination of hardware and software used to administer a network,
with the primary purpose of Energy Management.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 4]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
NOTES:
1. An Energy Management System according to [ISO50001] (ISO-EnMS)
is a set of systems or procedures upon which organizations can
develop and implement an energy policy, set targets and action
plans, and take into account legal requirements related to
energy use. An ISO-EnMS allows organizations to improve energy
performance and demonstrate conformity to requirements,
standards, and/or legal requirements.
2. Example ISO-EnMS: Company A defines a set of policies and
procedures indicating that there should exist multiple
computerized systems that will poll energy measurements from
their meters and pricing / source data from their local
utility. Company A specifies that their CFO (Chief Financial
Officer) should collect information and summarize it quarterly
to be sent to an accounting firm to produce carbon accounting
reporting as required by their local government.
3. For the purposes of EMAN, the definition herein is the
preferred meaning of an EnMS. The definition from [ISO50001]
can be referred to as an ISO Energy Management System
(ISO-EnMS).
Device A device is a piece of electrical or non-electrical equipment.
Reference: Adapted from [IEEE100].
Component A component is a part of electrical or non-electrical
equipment (device).
Reference: Adapted from [TMN].
Meter (Energy Meter) A meter is a device intended to measure
electrical energy by integrating power with respect to time.
Reference: Adapted from [IEC60050].
Power Inlet A power inlet (or simply "inlet") is an interface at
which a device or component receives energy from another device or
component.
Power Outlet A power outlet (or simply "outlet") is an interface at
which a device or component provides energy to another device or
component.
Power Interface A Power Interface is a power inlet, outlet, or both.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 5]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
Power State A Power State is a condition or mode of a device (or
component) that broadly characterizes its capabilities, power, and
responsiveness to input.
Reference: Adapted from [IEEE1621].
Power State Set A Power State Set is a collection of Power States
that comprises a named or logical control grouping.
3. Motivation
3.1. Impact on Energy Metrics
The framework will significantly enhance the creation of energy
metrics with actionable insights by:
* Standardizing Metrics: Establishing consistent measurement
protocols for energy consumption and efficiency.
* Enhancing Data Collection: Facilitating comprehensive monitoring
and data aggregation across devices.
* Supporting Real-time Monitoring: Enabling dynamic tracking and
immediate optimization of energy usage.
* Integration Across Devices: Ensuring interoperability for network-
wide data analysis.
* Providing Actionable Insights: Translating raw data into
meaningful information for decision-making.
3.2. Current Device Readiness
While many modern networking devices have basic energy monitoring
capabilities, these are often proprietary. The framework will define
requirements to enhance these capabilities, enabling standardized
metric production and meaningful data contributions for energy
management goals.
3.3. Why Now?
The decision to define the framework now, rather than later, is
driven by:
* Immediate Benefits: Start realizing cost savings, reduced carbon
footprints, and improved efficiencies.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 6]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
* Rapid Technological Advancements: Aligning the framework with
current technologies to prevent obsolescence.
* Increasing Energy Demands: Mitigating the impact of growing energy
consumption on costs and sustainability.
* Regulatory Pressure: Preparing for compliance with existing and
anticipated sustainability regulations.
* Competitive Advantage: Positioning organizations as leaders in
sustainability and innovation.
* Foundational Work Ready: Building on the use cases and
requirements established in Phase I.
* Proactive Risk Management: Minimizing risks associated with energy
costs and environmental factors.
* Facilitate Future Innovations: Creating a platform for continuous
improvements and adaptations.
* Stakeholder Engagement: Ensuring diverse perspectives are
reflected for broader adoption.
In conclusion, establishing the framework for energy efficiency
management now is strategic and timely, leveraging the current
momentum of use cases and requirements to drive meaningful progress
in energy efficiency management. Delaying its development could
result in missed opportunities for immediate benefits, increased
costs, and challenges in adapting to future technological and
regulatory landscapes.
4. Reference Model
The framework introduces the concept of a Power Interface that is
analogous to a network interface. A Power Interface is defined as an
interconnection among devices where energy can be provided, received,
or both.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 7]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
The most basic example of Energy Management is a single device
reporting information about itself. In many cases, however, energy
is not measured by the device itself but is measured upstream in the
power distribution tree. For example, a Power Distribution Unit
(PDU) may measure the energy it supplies to attached devices and
report this to an Energy Management System. Therefore, devices often
have relationships to other devices or components in the power
network. An Energy Management System (EnMS) generally requires an
understanding of the power topology (who provides power to whom), the
Metering topology (who meters whom), and the potential Aggregation
(who aggregates values of others).
The relationships build on the Power Interface concept. The
different relationships among devices and components, as specified in
this document, include power source, Metering, and Aggregation
Relationships.
The framework does not cover non-electrical equipment, nor does it
cover energy procurement and manufacturing.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 8]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (3) Network Domain Level |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
(a) (b) (c)
Inventory Monitor +- DataSheets/DataBase and/or via API
Of identity Energy | Metadata and other device/component
and Capability Efficiency | /network related information:
^ ^ |
| | | .Power/Energy related metrics
| | | .information
| | | .origin of Energy Mix
| | | .carbon aware based on location
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | v
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (2) controller (collection, compute and aggregate?) |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ |
(d) | (e) | (f) | |
Inventory | Monitor power | Control | |
Capability | Proportion | (Energy saving | |
| Energy efficiency| Functionality | |
| ratio, power | Localized mgmt/ | |
| consumption, | network wide mgmt) | |
| etc) | | |
| | | v
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (1) Device/Component |
| |
| +---------+ +-----------+ +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| | (I) | | (II) | | (III) | | (IV) | |
| | | | | | Legacy | | 'Attached'(PoE | |
| | Device | | Component | | Device | | kind) Device | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| +---------+ +-----------+ +----------------+ +----------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Figure 1: GREEN Reference Model
The main elements in the framework are as follows:
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 9]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
(a),(d) Discovery and Inventory
(b),(c) GREEN Metrics
(b),(e) Monitor energy efficiency
(f) Control Energy Saving
The monitoring interface (e) obviously monitor more aspects than just
power and energy, (for example traffic monitoring) but this is not
covered in the framework.
Note that this framework specificies logical blocks, however, the
Energy Efficiency Management Function might be implemented inside the
device or in the controller.
4.1. Typical Power Topologies
The following reference model describes physical power topologies
that exist in parallel with a communication topology. While many
more topologies can be created with a combination of devices, the
following are some basic ones that show how Energy Management
topologies differ from Network Management topologies. Only the
controller, devices and components, are depicted here, as the Network
Domain Level remains identical.
NOTE: "###" is used to denote a transfer of energy. "- >" is used to
denote a transfer of information.
4.1.1. Basic Power Supply
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 10]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (3) Network Domain Level |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
(a) (b) (c)
Inventory Monitor +- DataSheets/DataBase and/or via API
Of identity Energy | Metadata and other device/component
and Capability Efficiency | /network related information:
^ ^ |
| | | .Power/Energy related metrics
| | | .information
| | | .origin of Energy Mix
| | | .carbon aware based on location
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | v
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (2) controller (collection, compute and aggregate?) |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ | ^ ^ ^ |
| | | | | | | |
(d) (e) (f) (d) (e) (f)
| | | | | | | |
| | v | | v
+--------------+ +-------------------+
| | | |
| Power Supply |############| Device/Component/ |
| | | Attached PoE |
| | | |
+--------------+ +-------------------+
Figure 2: Reference Model Example: Basic Power Supply
4.1.2. Single Power Supply with Multiple Devices
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 11]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (3) Network Domain Level |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
(a) (b) (c)
Inventory Monitor +- DataSheets/DataBase and/or via API
Of identity Energy | Metadata and other device/component
and Capability Efficiency | /network related information:
^ ^ |
| | | .Power/Energy related metrics
| | | .information
| | | .origin of Energy Mix
| | | .carbon aware based on location
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | v
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (2) controller (collection, compute and aggregate?) |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ | ^ ^ ^ |
| | | | | | | |
(d) (e) (f) (d) (e) (f) ... N
| | | | | | | |
| | v | | v
+--------------+ +--------------------+
| | | |
| Power Supply |############| Device/Component 1 |
| (Smart PDU) | # | |
| | # +--------------------+
+--------------+ #
#
# +--------------------+
# | |
##########| Device/Component 2 |
# | |
# +--------------------+
#
# +--------------------+
# | |
#######| Device/Component N |
| |
+--------------------+
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 12]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
Figure 3: Reference Model Example: Single Power Supply with
Multiple Devices
4.1.3. Multiple Power Supplies with Single Device
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (3) Network Domain Level |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
(a) (b) (c)
Inventory Monitor +- DataSheets/DataBase and/or via API
Of identity Energy | Metadata and other device/component
and Capability Efficiency | /network related information:
^ ^ |
| | | .Power/Energy related metrics
| | | .information
| | | .origin of Energy Mix
| | | .carbon aware based on location
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | v
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| (2) controller (collection, compute and aggregate?) |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
^ ^ ^ | ^ ^ ^ | ^ ^ ^ |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
(d) (e) (f) (d) (e) (f) (d) (e) (f)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | v | | v | | v
+----------------+ +------------------+ +----------------+
| | | | | |
| Power Supply 1 |######| Device/Component |######| Power Supply 2 |
| | | | | |
+----------------+ +------------------+ +----------------+
Figure 4: Reference Model Example: Multiple Power Supplies with
Single Device
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 13]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
5. Conventions and Definitions
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
6. Security Considerations
Resiliency is an implicit use case of energy efficiency management
which comes with numerous security considerations :
Controlling Power State and power supply of entities are considered
highly sensitive actions, since they can significantly affect the
operation of directly and indirectly connected devices. Therefore,
all control actions must be sufficiently protected through
authentication, authorization, and integrity protection mechanisms.
Entities that are not sufficiently secure to operate directly on the
public Internet do exist and can be a significant cause of risk, for
example, if the remote control functions can be exercised on those
devices from anywhere on the Internet.
The monitoring of energy-related quantities of an entity as addressed
can be used to derive more information than just the received and
provided energy; therefore, monitored data requires protection. This
protection includes authentication and authorization of entities
requesting access to monitored data as well as confidentiality
protection during transmission of monitored data. Privacy of stored
data in an entity must be taken into account. Monitored data may be
used as input to control, accounting, and other actions, so integrity
of transmitted information and authentication of the origin may be
needed.
7. IANA Considerations
This document has no IANA actions.
8. Acknowledgments
This framework takes into account concepts from the Energy MANagement
(EMAN) Framework [RFC7326], authors by John Parello, Benoit Claise,
Brad Schoening, and Juergen Quittek.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 14]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
9. References
9.1. Normative References
9.2. Informative References
10. Appendix
This appendix should be removed when the initial set of GREEN WG
documents will be stable
11. References
11.1. Normative References
[I-D.draft-bclp-green-terminology]
Liu, P. C., Boucadair, M., Wu, Q., Contreras, L. M., and
M. Palmero, "Terminology for Energy Efficiency Network
Management", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-bclp-
green-terminology-01, 23 April 2025,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-bclp-green-
terminology-01>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
11.2. Informative References
[IEC60050] IEC, "Power Utility Automation", 11 December 2000,
<http://www.iec.ch/smartgrid/standards/>.
[IEEE100] IEEE, "The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards
Terms", 11 December 2000, <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/
mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=4116785>.
[IEEE1621] IEEE, "Standard for User Interface Elements in Power
Control of Electronic Devices Employed in Office/Consumer
Environments, IEEE 1621", December 2004.
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 15]
Internet-Draft Framework for Energy Efficiency Manageme May 2025
[RFC7326] Parello, J., Claise, B., Schoening, B., and J. Quittek,
"Energy Management Framework", RFC 7326,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7326, September 2014,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7326>.
[TMN] "International Telecommunication Union, "TMN management
functions"", February 2000, <ITU-T Recommendation M.3400>.
Authors' Addresses
Benoit Claise
Huawei
Email: benoit.claise@huawei.com
Luis M. Contreras
Telefonica
Email: luismiguel.contrerasmurillo@telefonica.com
Jan Lindblad
For.Eco
Email: jan.lindblad+ietf@for.eco
Marisol Palmero
Cisco Systems, Inc.
Email: mpalmero@cisco.com
Emile Stephan
Orange
Email: emile.stephan@orange.com
Qin Wu
Huawei
Email: bill.wu@huawei.com
Claise, et al. Expires 17 November 2025 [Page 16]