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OAM Capabilities for IPv6
draft-bonica-6man-oam-00

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Author Ron Bonica
Last updated 2019-02-27
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draft-bonica-6man-oam-00
6man Working Group                                             R. Bonica
Internet-Draft                                          Juniper Networks
Intended status: Standards Track                       February 27, 2019
Expires: August 31, 2019

                       OAM Capabilities for IPv6
                        draft-bonica-6man-oam-00

Abstract

   This document defines new IPv6 Operations and Management (OAM)
   capabilities.  In order to support these new capabilities, this
   document defines an IPv6 OAM Option and an ICMPv6 OAM message.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on August 31, 2019.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2019 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
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   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

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Table of Contents

   1.  Problem Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   3.  The OAM Option  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
     3.1.  Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  The ICMPv6 OAM Message  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   5.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   7.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   8.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   Author's Address  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7

1.  Problem Statement

   This document defines new IPv6 [RFC8200] Operations and Management
   (OAM) capabilities.  In order to support these new capabilities, this
   document defines an IPv6 OAM Option and an ICMPv6 [RFC4443] OAM
   message.

2.  Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

3.  The OAM Option

   IPv6 source nodes use the OAM option to invoke one or more OAM
   actions on downstream devices.  The OAM option can be included in any
   of the following:

   o  A Hop-by-hop header.

   o  A Destination Options header that precedes a Routing header.

   o  A Destination Options header that precedes an upper-layer header.

   If a Hop-by-hop header includes an OAM option, OAM actions are
   invoked on every node along the path to the destination, including
   the destination (See Note 1).  If a Destination Options header that
   precedes a Routing header includes an OAM option, OAM actions are
   invoked by the first node that appears in the IPv6 Destination
   Address field plus subsequent nodes listed in the Routing header.  If
   a Destination Options header that precedes an upper-layer header

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   includes an OAM option, OAM actions are invoked on the destination
   node only.

   The OAM option includes the following fields:

   o  Option Type (8 bits): OAM.  Value TBD by IANA.  See Note 2 and
      Note 3.

   o  Opt Data Len (8 bits): Length of Option Data, in bytes.  Value
      MUST be equal to 2.

   o  Option Data (16 bits): A bit mask indicating which OAM actions are
      to be invoked.

   +------+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
   | Bit  | Action    | Notes                                          |
   +------+-----------+------------------------------------------------+
   | 0    | Log the   | The processing node creates a log entry. The   |
   |      | packet    | log entry reflects the time at which it was    |
   |      |           | created. It also reflects the time at which    |
   |      |           | the packet arrived.                            |
   |      |           |                                                |
   | 1    | Count the | The processing node increments a counter.      |
   |      | packet    |                                                |
   |      |           |                                                |
   | 2    | Send an   | The processing node sends an ICMP OAM message  |
   |      | ICMPv6    | to the packet's source. The OAM message        |
   |      | OAM       | indicates the time at which the packet         |
   |      |           | arrived.                                       |
   |      |           |                                                |
   | 3    | Send      | The processing node sends telemetry to a       |
   |      | telemetry | monitoring station.  Telemetry includes the    |
   |      |           | packet and the time at which the packet        |
   |      |           | arrived.                                       |
   |      |           |                                                |
   | 4-15 | Reserved  |                                                |
   +------+-----------+------------------------------------------------+

              Table 1: Option Data Bits Mapped to OAM Actions

   Table 1 maps Option Data bits to OAM actions.

   NOTE 1: As per [RFC8200], nodes along a packet's delivery path only
   examine and process the Hop-by-Hop Options header if explicitly
   configured to do so.

   NOTE 2: As per [RFC8200], the highest-order two bits of the Option
   Type (i.e., the "act" bits) specify the action taken by a processing

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   node that does not recognize Option Type.  The required action is
   skip over this option and continue processing the header.  Therefore,
   IANA is requested to assign this Option Type with "act" bits "00".

   NOTE 3: As per [RFC8200], the third-highest-order bit (i.e., the
   "chg" bit) of the Option Type specifies whether Option Data can
   change on route to the packet's destination.  Because option data
   MUST NOT be changed, IANA is requested to assign this Option Type
   with "chg" bit "0".

3.1.  Processing

   The processing of OAM actions is optional.  If a node does not
   support particular OAM action, it can ignore the corresponding bit in
   Option Data.

   Having processed an OAM option, the processing node should continue
   to process the packet.  If possible, the OAM action should be
   executed in parallel with the processing of the rest of the packet.

   The processing node SHOULD execute the OAM action, even if it can not
   process the packet further.  For example, assume the following:

   o  A node receives a packet.

   o  The packet contains a Hop-by-hop Options header and the Hop-by-hop
      Options header includes the OAM option.

   o  The node does not maintain a route to the packet's Destination
      Address

   In this case, the node SHOULD execute the requested OAM action.
   Because the node does not maintain a route to the packet's
   Destination Address, it should also send an ICMPv6 Destination
   Unreachable message to the source node an discard the packet.

4.  The ICMPv6 OAM Message

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           0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |     Type      |     Code      |          Checksum             |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |    Length     |                Reserved                       |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                     Timestamp (seconds)                       |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                     Timestamp (fraction)                      |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                                                               |
       +                        Original Datagram                      +
       |                                                               |

                                 Figure 1

   Figure 1 depicts the ICMPv6 OAM message.  The ICMPv6 OAM message
   contains the following fields:

   o  Type - OAM.  Value TBD by IANA.

   o  Code - MUST be set to (0) No Error.

   o  Checksum - See [RFC4443]

   o  Reserved - MUST be set to 0 and MUST be ignored upon receipt.

   o  Length - Represents the length of the padded "original datagram"
      field, measured in 32-bit words.

   o  Timestamp (seconds) - Represents the time at which the original
      packet arrived in Network Time Protocol (NTP) [RFC5905] format.

   o  Timestamp (fraction) - Represents the time at which the original
      packet arrived in NTP [RFC5905] format.

   o  Original Datagram - As much of invoking packet as possible without
      the ICMPv6 packet exceeding the minimum IPv6 MTU (1280 bytes).
      The original datagram MUST be zero padded to the nearest 32-bit
      boundary.

   ICMPv6 OAM messages SHOULD be rate limited by the sender.

   The Timestamp fields SHOULD be as accurate as possible.  They SHOULD
   reflect the time at which the original packet arrived, not the time
   at which the ICMPv6 OAM message was sent.

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5.  IANA Considerations

   IANA is requested to perform the following actions:

   o  Allocate a codepoint from the Destination Options and Hop-by-hop
      Options registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-
      parameters/ipv6-parameters.xhtml#ipv6-parameters-2).  This option
      is called "OAM".  The "act" bits are 00 and the "chg" bit is 0.

   o  Create a subregistry in the Destination Options and Hop-by-hop
      Options registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-
      parameters/ipv6-parameters.xhtml#ipv6-parameters-2).  This
      subregistry is called OAM Option Data Bit Mask.  Its contents are
      defined in Table 1 of this document.

   o  Allocate a codepoint from the "ICMPv6 'type' Numbers" registry
      (https://www.iana.org/assignments/icmpv6-parameters/
      icmpv6-parameters.xml).  This type is called "OAM".  As it
      represents an informational message, its value should be greater
      than 128.

   o  Create a "Type x - OAM" subregistry in the "ICMPv6 'type' Numbers"
      registry (https://www.iana.org/assignments/icmpv6-parameters/
      icmpv6-parameters.xml) registry.  This subregistry contains the
      Code entry (0) No Error.

6.  Security Considerations

   The following IPv6 extension headers can be used in denial of service
   attacks:

   o  The Hop-by-hop header.

   o  The Destination Options header that precedes a Routing header.

   Network operators should block packets containing these extension
   headers at their boundary.

7.  Acknowledgements

   The authors acknowledge Ross Callon for his helpful comments.

8.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

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   [RFC4443]  Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, Ed., "Internet
              Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet
              Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", STD 89,
              RFC 4443, DOI 10.17487/RFC4443, March 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4443>.

   [RFC5905]  Mills, D., Martin, J., Ed., Burbank, J., and W. Kasch,
              "Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms
              Specification", RFC 5905, DOI 10.17487/RFC5905, June 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5905>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8200]  Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
              (IPv6) Specification", STD 86, RFC 8200,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8200, July 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8200>.

Author's Address

   Ron Bonica
   Juniper Networks
   Herndon, Virginia  20171
   USA

   Email: rbonica@juniper.net

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