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Applicability of RFC8795 YANG data model to SIMAP
draft-busi-nmop-simap-rfc8795-applicability-00

Document Type Active Internet-Draft (individual)
Authors Italo Busi , Aihua Guo , Vishnu Pavan Beeram , Sergio Belotti , Tarek Saad
Last updated 2026-03-02
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draft-busi-nmop-simap-rfc8795-applicability-00
Network Management Operations                                    I. Busi
Internet-Draft                                                    Huawei
Intended status: Informational                                    A. Guo
Expires: 3 September 2026                         Futurewei Technologies
                                                            V. P. Beeram
                                                        Juniper Networks
                                                              S. Belotti
                                                                   Nokia
                                                                 T. Saad
                                                      Cisco Systems Inc.
                                                            2 March 2026

           Applicability of RFC8795 YANG data model to SIMAP
             draft-busi-nmop-simap-rfc8795-applicability-00

Abstract

   This document analyses the applicability of the RFC 8795 YANG data
   model to Service & Infrastructure Maps (SIMAP) and in particular
   analysis which requirements can be supported by the existing YANG
   data model defined in RFC 8795.

About This Document

   This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

   The latest revision of this draft can be found at
   https://italobusi.github.io/simap-yang/draft-xyz-nmop-simap-yang-
   applicability.html.  Status information for this document may be
   found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-busi-nmop-simap-
   rfc8795-applicability/.

   Discussion of this document takes place on the Network Management
   Operations Working Group mailing list (mailto:nmop@ietf.org), which
   is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/nmop/.
   Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/nmop/.

   Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
   https://github.com/italobusi/simap-yang.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

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   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on 3 September 2026.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Gap Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     3.1.  Bidirectional Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     3.2.  Multipoint Links  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     3.3.  Links and nodes down in topology  . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     3.4.  Multi-Layer Topologies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   4.  Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   Appendix A.  Example of deviation statements  . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27

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1.  Introduction

   The concept of Service & Infrastructure Maps (SIMAP) is being defined
   in [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept] together with a set of SIMP
   requirements and use cases.

   SIMAP is defined in [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept], as:

      SIMAP is a data model that provides a topological view of the
      operator's networks and services, including how it is connected to
      other models (e.g., inventory) and external data sources (e.g.,
      observability data, and operational knowledge).  This model
      represents a multi-layered topology and offers mechanisms to
      navigate amongst layers and correlate between them.  This includes
      layers from physical topology to service topology.  This model is
      applicable to multiple domains (access, core, data center, etc.)
      and technologies (Optical, IP, etc.).

   It is worth noting that the YANG data model in [RFC8795] defines a
   topology model which:

   *  represents a multi-layered topology;

   *  offers mechanisms to navigate amongst layers and correlate between
      them;

   *  is applicable to multiple domains (access, core, data center,
      etc.) and technologies (Optical, IP, etc.).

   [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles] clarifies that

   It is therefore worthwhile analyzing the applicability of the YANG
   data model in [RFC8795] to meet the SIMAP requirements and identify
   any gaps that need to be addressed before starting the work on new
   YANG data models to meet the SIMAP requirements, as outlined in
   [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept].

   Understanding the degree of standardization and identifying potential
   gaps are crucial for supporting the SIMAP applications while ensuring
   multi-vendor interoperability and compatibility with other
   applications which can run on top of the same network controller.

2.  Conventions and Definitions

   TODO Conventions and Definitions

3.  Gap Analysis

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3.1.  Bidirectional Links

   Bidirectional links can be modelled as two unidirectional links, one
   for each direction, terminated on the same two termination points, as
   described in Section 4.4.5 of [RFC8345].

   It is worth noting that a bidirectional link can be unambiguously
   distinguished from two unidirectional links between the same two
   nodes since the two unidirectional links will be terminated on
   different termination points, as shown in Figure 1.

       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |            |   +------------------------>|   |            | |
       | |      A     |TP1|                         |TP2|     B      | |
       | |            |   |<------------------------+   |            | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+

       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |            |TP3+------------------------>|TP4|            | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |      C      | |                           | |      D      | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |            |TP4|<------------------------+TP5|            | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+

        Figure 1: Difference between one bidirectional link and two
                            unidirectional links

3.2.  Multipoint Links

   Multipoint links can be modelled as pseudonodes, as described in
   Section 4.4.5 of [RFC8345].

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   The type of multipoint link (e.g., point-to-multipoint or multipoint-
   to-multipoint, as defined in [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept]) and the
   role of the termination points in the link (e.g., source,
   destination, hub, spoke, as defined in [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept])
   can be unambiguously understood from: - the links entering to or
   departing from the termination points of the pseudonode, and - the
   'is-allowed' attribute of the connectivity matrix of the pseudonode,
   as defined in [RFC8795].

      Note: some examples for multipoint links are described in
      Section 2.5 of [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles].  More
      examples can be provided in future versions of this document.

3.3.  Links and nodes down in topology

   [RFC8795] defines the 'oper-status' attribute for nodes, links and
   termination points, therefore allowing to report links and nodes down
   in the topology, and to unambiguously distinguishing between nodes
   and links which are up or down.

3.4.  Multi-Layer Topologies

   As outlined in Section 2 of [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept]:

      [RFC8345] is flexible and can support both the same network
      topology instance with multiple layers (e.g., Layer 2 and Layer 3)
      or separate network topology instances with supporting relations
      between them (e.g., separate Layer 2 and Layer 3).  Therefore,
      multiple topology layers can be grouped into the same network
      topology instance, if solution requires.

   [RFC8795] augments [RFC8345] and therefore provide the same
   flexibility.

   As described in Section 3 of [I-D.havel-nmop-simap-yang]:

      -  Layering relationships are expressed solely through the
         supporting construct, without additional semantics such as
         underlay, primary, backup, load-sharing, path, sequential, or
         parallel roles.

   This issue was taken into account when designing the YANG data model
   in [RFC8795] and the 'underlay' relationship has been properly
   defined to support navigation between overlay and underlay layers, as
   described in Section 2.3 of [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles].

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   Some guidelines on how to unambiguously use the supporting
   relationship, defined in [RFC8345], and the 'underlay' relationship
   defined in [RFC8795], have been clarified in Section 2.3.1 of
   [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles].

   As outlined in REQ-BIDIR of [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept], a
   bidirectional link can be supported by two unidirectional links in
   the lower layer.  For example, a Ethernet (bidirectional) link can be
   supported by two physical layer links associated with two
   unidirectional fibers.

   This relationship can be modelled using the link 'underlay'
   relationship, as shown in Figure 2:

       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |            |   +-------+---------------->|   |            | |
       | |      A     |TP1|       |                 |TP2|     B      | |
       | |            |   |<----------------+-------+   |            | |
       | |            +---+       |         |       +---+            | |
       | |             | |        |         |        | |             | |
       | +-------------+ |        |         |        | +-------------+ |
       +-----------------+        |         |        +-----------------+
                                  |         |
                                  |         |
       +-----------------+        |         |        +-----------------+
       | +-------------+ |        |         |        | +-------------+ |
       | |             | |        |         |        | |             | |
       | |            +---+       V         |       +---+            | |
       | |            |TP3+------------------------>|TP4|            | |
       | |            +---+                 |       +---+            | |
       | |      C      | |                  |        | |      D      | |
       | |            +---+                 V       +---+            | |
       | |            |TP4|<------------------------+TP5|            | |
       | |            +---+                         +---+            | |
       | |             | |                           | |             | |
       | +-------------+ |                           | +-------------+ |
       +-----------------+                           +-----------------+

        Figure 2: Example of two unidirectional links supporting one
                             bidirectional link

   Note: in this case each link is supported by a primary path composed
   by a single link.

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   It is worth noting that modelling the bidirectional link is modelled
   as two unidirectional link instances allows also to unambiguously
   understand which unidirectional underlay link/path supports which
   direction (forward or reverse) of the overlay bidirectional link. ls
   ## Multi-domain Links

   Multi-domain links can be represented as open-ended links on each
   topology instance and unambiguously associated as multi-domain links
   using either the remote node ID / link ID attribute or the inter-
   domain-plug-id, as described in Section 4.2 of [RFC8795].

4.  Design Considerations

   Reusing existing YANG data models to support multiple applications is
   a key enabler to achieve multi-vendor interoperability.

   A network controller needs to support multiple applications (some of
   which may not be defined at the time the network controller is
   defined) and different applications have different requirements on
   the data model they use internally to perform their tasks.

   Exposing application-specific data models at the northbound of a
   network controller appears making the application simpler to
   implement when it is the only application to be implemented on top of
   a given controller but results in more complex implementations for
   network controllers and the applications and increase complexity to
   achieve multi-vendor interoperability and integration.

   Figure 3 shows a case where a controller-A is interfacing an
   Application-1 through the application-specific data model designed
   for Application-1 (i.e., AS1-DM) and a controller-B is interfacing
   another Application-2 through the application-specific data model
   designed for Application-2 (i.e., AS2-DM).

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     +-------+         +-------+         +-------+         +-------+
     | APP-1 |         | APP-2 |         | APP-1 |         | APP-2 |
     |(Core) |         |(Core) |         |(Core) |         |(Core) |
     +-------+         +-------+         +-------+         +-------+
         ^                 ^                 ^                 ^
         |                /                   \                |
         |               / ???             ??? \               |
         |              /                       \              |
         +--------+    /                         \    +--------+
                  |   /                           \   |
           AS1-DM |  /                             \  | AS2-DM
                  | /                               \ |
                  |/                                 \|
     +------------+------------+         +------------+------------+
     |       Controller-A      |         |       Controller-B      |
     +-------------------------+         +-------------------------+

   Notes:
   - AS1-DM: Application 1 (APP-1) application-specific data model
   - AS2-DM: Application 1 (APP-2) application-specific data model

     Figure 3: Concerns with defining application-specific data models

   The two application-specific data models can provide the same
   information but with different formatting.  For example,
   Application-1 may need to model bidirectional links as a single
   entity (link of type bidirectional) while Application-2 may need to
   model bidirectional links as two unidirectional links.

   This solution works well as long as Application-1 and controller-A
   are deployed in different silos than Application-2 and controller-B.
   Otherwise, operational and implementation issues have to be faces
   when there is the need to run Application-1 over network controller-B
   or, Application-2 over network controller-A.

   This would require the operator to negotiate with the vendor and
   controller vendors customized solutions before integrating a new
   application or a new controller in the network and increased
   complexity in the application and network controller implementations.

   Figure 4 describes an architecture based on a common and standardized
   data model to support multi-vendor integration.

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     +-------+         +-------+         +-------+         +-------+
     | APP-1 |         | APP-2 |         | APP-1 |         | APP-2 |
     |(Core) |         |(Core) |         |(Core) |         |(Core) |
     +-------+         +-------+         +-------+         +-------+
         ^                 ^                 ^                 ^
         | AS1-DM   AS2-DM |                 | AS1-DM   AS2-DM |
         |                 |                 |                 |
    +---------+       +---------+       +---------+       +---------+
    |  APP-1  |       |  APP-2  |       |  APP-1  |       |  APP-2  |
    |(DM-Map1)|       | (DM-Map)|       | (DM-Map)|       |(DM-Map2)|
    +---------+       +---------+       +---------+       +---------+
         ^                 ^                 ^                 ^
         |                 |  /-----------\  |                 |
         +--------+--------+ /    Common   \ +--------+--------+
                  |          \   Standard  /          |
         NBI-DM   |           \-----------/    NBI-DM |
                  |                                   |
                  |                                   |
     +------------+------------+         +------------+------------+
     |       Controller-A      |         |       Controller-B      |
     +-------------------------+         +-------------------------+

   Notes:
   - AS1-DM: Application 1 (APP-1) application-specific data model
   - AS2-DM: Application 1 (APP-2) application-specific data model
   - NBI DM: Standard data model exposed by both network controllers
   - DM-Map1: Application specific data model mapper between the NBI DM
     and the AS1-DM
   - DM-Map2: Application specific data model mapper between the NBI DM
     and the AS2-DM

      Figure 4: Use of a common and standardized data model to support
                          multi-vendor integration

   In this case, the data model exposed by network controllers (e.g.,
   controller-A and controller-B) is the same and each application needs
   to translate/map the standardized data model exposed by the network
   controller to its own application-specific data model.

   Following this approach an existing application (e.g., Application-1)
   can be ported from one controller to another controller (e.g., from
   controller-A to controller-B) ideally with no change and additional
   testing.

   Reusing RFC8795 YANG data model for SIMAP applications will allow TE
   and SIMAP application to co-exist on top of the same network
   controller, allowing seamless migration from network scenarios
   supporting only on of these application to network scenarios where

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   both applications are supported at the same time or even scenarios
   where either or both applications are supported together with new
   applications not yet defined.

5.  Security Considerations

   TODO Security

6.  IANA Considerations

   This document has no IANA actions.

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC8345]  Clemm, A., Medved, J., Varga, R., Bahadur, N.,
              Ananthakrishnan, H., and X. Liu, "A YANG Data Model for
              Network Topologies", RFC 8345, DOI 10.17487/RFC8345, March
              2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8345>.

   [RFC8795]  Liu, X., Bryskin, I., Beeram, V., Saad, T., Shah, H., and
              O. Gonzalez de Dios, "YANG Data Model for Traffic
              Engineering (TE) Topologies", RFC 8795,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8795, August 2020,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8795>.

7.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.havel-nmop-simap-yang]
              Havel, O., Davis, N., Claise, B., de Dios, O. G., and T.
              Graf, "A YANG Data Model for SIMAP", Work in Progress,
              Internet-Draft, draft-havel-nmop-simap-yang-01, 20 October
              2025, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-havel-
              nmop-simap-yang-01>.

   [I-D.ietf-nmop-simap-concept]
              Havel, O., Claise, B., de Dios, O. G., and T. Graf,
              "SIMAP: Concept, Requirements, and Use Cases", Work in
              Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-nmop-simap-concept-
              08, 23 February 2026,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-nmop-
              simap-concept-08>.

   [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles]
              Busi, I., Liu, X., Bryskin, I., Saad, T., and O. G. de
              Dios, "Profiles for Traffic Engineering (TE) Topology Data
              Model and Applicability to non-TE-centric Use Cases", Work

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              in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-teas-te-topology-
              profiles-05, 2 March 2026,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-teas-te-
              topology-profiles-05>.

Appendix A.  Example of deviation statements

   [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles] notes that existing
   implementations of [RFC8795] have described the implemented profiled
   by manually pruning/profiling the YANG tree generated fom the YANG
   module defined in [RFC8795] and those pruned/profiled YANG trees
   provided sufficient input for the implementers to generate proper
   APIs.

   However, [I-D.ietf-teas-te-topology-profiles] is also exploring the
   possibility to use the YANG deviation statements to programmatically
   generate pruned/profiled YANG trees.

   An example of a YANG deviation module for SIMAP applications is
   provided below.

   module ietf-simap-deviation-example {
     yang-version 1.1;
     namespace "https://example.com/ns/ietf-simap-deviation-example";
     prefix simapd;

     import ietf-network {
       prefix nw;
       reference
         "RFC 8345: A YANG Data Model for Network Topologies";
     }
     import ietf-network-topology {
       prefix nt;
       reference
         "RFC 8345: A YANG Data Model for Network Topologies";
     }
     import ietf-te-topology {
       prefix tet;
       reference
         "RFC 8795: YANG Data Model for Traffic Engineering (TE)
                    Topologies";
     }

     organization
       "Network Management Operations (NMOP) Working Group";
     contact
       "WG Web:   <https://datatracker.ietf.org/group/nmop/>
        WG List:  <mailto:nmop@ietf.org>

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        Editor:   Italo Busi
                  <Italo.Busi@huawei.com>";
     description
       "This module defines an example of a YANG data model containing
        the YANG deviation statements to support the implementation of
        the SIMAP YANG data model re-using a sub-set of the TE topology
        model.

        Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons
        identified as authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

        Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
        without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
        to the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License
        set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
        Relating to IETF Documents
        (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

        This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
        the RFC itself for full legal notices..";

     revision 2026-03-02 {
       description
         "Initial version";
       reference
         "RFC XXXX: Applicability of existing YANG data models to
                    SIMAP";
     }

     /*
      * Deviations
      */

     deviation "/nw:networks/tet:te" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE
          templates.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/tet:te-topology-identifier" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE
          topology identifiers.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/tet:te" {

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       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          augmentation for TE topologies.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te-node-id" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE node
          identifiers.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE node
          identifiers.";
       deviate delete {
         must '../te-node-id';
       }
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-template" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE node
          templates.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:admin-status" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the TE
          node administrative status.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:label-restrictions" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the label
          restrictions for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"

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             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:underlay" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          underlay paths for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:path-constraints" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path constraints for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:optimizations" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path optimizations for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:tiebreaker" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          tiebreaker for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:path-properties" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path properties for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:from"
             + "/tet:label-restrictions" {

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       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the label
          restrictions for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:to"
             + "/tet:label-restrictions" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the label
          restrictions for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:underlay" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          underlay paths for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:path-constraints" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path constraints for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:optimizations" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path optimizations for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:tiebreaker" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the

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          tiebreaker for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:connectivity-matrices"
             + "/tet:connectivity-matrix/tet:path-properties" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          path properties for the connectivity matrix.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-node-attributes/tet:signaling-address" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's signaling address.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:geolocation" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's geolocation.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:is-multi-access-dr" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          designated router information.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-instance" {
       description

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         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-state" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-entry" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:statistics" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          node's statistics (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/tet:te"
             + "/tet:tunnel-termination-point" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          tunnel termination points (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:bundle-stack-level/tet:component" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          bundle links as a set of component interfaces.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-template" {
       description

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         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          TE link templates.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay/tet:primary-path"
             + "/tet:path-element/tet:type/tet:label" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          label hop.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay/tet:primary-path"
             + "/tet:path-element/tet:type/tet:as-number" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          AS hop.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay/tet:backup-path"
             + "/tet:path-element/tet:type/tet:label" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          label hop.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay/tet:backup-path"
             + "/tet:path-element/tet:type/tet:as-number" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          AS hop.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay/"
             + "tet:protection-type" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          protection type for the backup paths of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;

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     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay"
             + "/tet:tunnel-termination-points" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          underlay tunnel termination points of a link
          (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:underlay"
             + "/tet:tunnels" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          underlay tunnels of a link (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:admin-status" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          administrative status of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:link-index" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link identifier.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:administrative-group" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          administrative groups of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes"
             + "/tet:interface-switching-capability"

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             + "/tet:max-lsp-bandwidth" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          maximum LSP bandwidth.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:label-restrictions" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          label restrictions of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:link-protection-type" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link protection type.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:max-link-bandwidth" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          bandwidth information (capacity) of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:max-resv-link-bandwidth" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          bandwidth information (capacity) of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:unreserved-bandwidth" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          bandwidth information (capacity) of a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"

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             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:te-default-metric" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          TE default metric of a link (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:te-delay-metric" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          delay of a link (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:te-igp-metric" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          IGP metric of a link (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:te-srlgs" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          Shared Risk Link Groups (SRLGs) of a link (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:te-link-attributes/tet:te-nsrlgs" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          Non-Shared Risk Link Groups (NSRLGs) of a link
          (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

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     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-instance" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-state" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:information-source-entry" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link's information source (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:recovery" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to report the status
          of the recovery process on a link.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:underlay" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to report the state
          attributes for the TE link underlay.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nt:link/tet:te"
             + "/tet:statistics" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          link's statistics (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

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     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te-tp-id" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE
          termination point identifier.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement TE
          termination point identifier.";
       deviate delete {
         must '../te-tp-id';
       }
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te/tet:admin-status" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          administrative status of a termination point.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te/tet:interface-switching-capability" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to report the
          'interface-switching-capability' on the termination points.";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te/tet:inter-layer-lock-id" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          inter-layer lock-id (to be confirmed).";
       deviate not-supported;
     }

     deviation "/nw:networks/nw:network/nw:node/nt:termination-point"
             + "/tet:te/tet:geolocation" {
       description
         "SIMAP implementations are not required to implement the
          geolocation of a termination point.";
       deviate not-supported;

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     }
   }

              Figure 5: Example of SIMA deviation YANG module

   The pruned/profiled YANG tree, generated using 'pyang' tool, is
   provided below:

   module: ietf-network
     +--rw networks
        +--rw network* [network-id]
           +--rw network-id            network-id
           +--rw network-types
           |  +--rw tet:te-topology!
           +--rw supporting-network* [network-ref]
           |  +--rw network-ref    -> /networks/network/network-id
           +--rw node* [node-id]
           |  +--rw node-id                 node-id
           |  +--rw supporting-node* [network-ref node-ref]
           |  |  +--rw network-ref
           |  |  |       -> ../../../supporting-network/network-ref
           |  |  +--rw node-ref       -> /networks/network/node/node-id
           |  +--rw nt:termination-point* [tp-id]
           |  |  +--rw nt:tp-id                           tp-id
           |  |  +--rw nt:supporting-termination-point*
           |  |  |       [network-ref node-ref tp-ref]
           |  |  |  +--rw nt:network-ref
           |  |  |  |       -> ../../../nw:supporting-node/network-ref
           |  |  |  +--rw nt:node-ref
           |  |  |  |       -> ../../../nw:supporting-node/node-ref
           |  |  |  +--rw nt:tp-ref         leafref
           |  |  +--rw tet:te!
           |  |     +--rw tet:name?                   string
           |  |     +--rw tet:inter-domain-plug-id?   binary
           |  |     +--ro tet:oper-status?
           |  |             te-types:te-oper-status
           |  +--rw tet:te!
           |     +--rw tet:te-node-attributes
           |     |  +--rw tet:connectivity-matrices
           |     |  |  +--rw tet:number-of-entries?     uint16
           |     |  |  +--rw tet:is-allowed?            boolean
           |     |  |  +--rw tet:connectivity-matrix* [id]
           |     |  |     +--rw tet:id            uint32
           |     |  |     +--rw tet:from
           |     |  |     |  +--rw tet:tp-ref?   leafref
           |     |  |     +--rw tet:to
           |     |  |     |  +--rw tet:tp-ref?   leafref
           |     |  |     +--rw tet:is-allowed?   boolean

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           |     |  +--rw tet:domain-id?               uint32
           |     |  +--rw tet:is-abstract?             empty
           |     |  +--rw tet:name?                    string
           |     |  +--rw tet:underlay-topology {te-topology-hierarchy}?
           |     |     +--rw tet:network-ref?
           |     |             -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
           |     +--ro tet:oper-status?          te-types:te-oper-status
           +--rw nt:link* [link-id]
              +--rw nt:link-id            link-id
              +--rw nt:source
              |  +--rw nt:source-node?   -> ../../../nw:node/node-id
              |  +--rw nt:source-tp?     leafref
              +--rw nt:destination
              |  +--rw nt:dest-node?   -> ../../../nw:node/node-id
              |  +--rw nt:dest-tp?     leafref
              +--rw nt:supporting-link* [network-ref link-ref]
              |  +--rw nt:network-ref
              |  |       -> ../../../nw:supporting-network/network-ref
              |  +--rw nt:link-ref       leafref
              +--rw tet:te!
                 +--rw (tet:bundle-stack-level)?
                 |  +--:(tet:bundle)
                 |     +--rw tet:bundled-links
                 |        +--rw tet:bundled-link* [sequence]
                 |           +--rw tet:sequence      uint32
                 |           +--rw tet:src-tp-ref?   leafref
                 |           +--rw tet:des-tp-ref?   leafref
                 +--rw tet:te-link-attributes
                 |  +--rw tet:access-type?
                 |  |       te-types:te-link-access-type
                 |  +--rw tet:external-domain
                 |  |  +--rw tet:network-ref?
                 |  |  |       -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
                 |  |  +--rw tet:remote-te-node-id?
                 |  |  |       te-types:te-node-id
                 |  |  +--rw tet:remote-te-link-tp-id?
                 |  |          te-types:te-tp-id
                 |  +--rw tet:is-abstract?                      empty
                 |  +--rw tet:name?                             string
                 |  +--rw tet:underlay {te-topology-hierarchy}?
                 |  |  +--rw tet:enabled?        boolean
                 |  |  +--rw tet:primary-path
                 |  |  |  +--rw tet:network-ref?
                 |  |  |  |       -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
                 |  |  |  +--rw tet:path-element* [path-element-id]
                 |  |  |     +--rw tet:path-element-id
                 |  |  |     |       uint32
                 |  |  |     +--rw (tet:type)?

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                 |  |  |        +--:(tet:numbered-node-hop)
                 |  |  |        |  +--rw tet:numbered-node-hop
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:node-id-uri?
                 |  |  |        |     |       nw:node-id
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:node-id?
                 |  |  |        |     |       te-node-id
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |  |        |             te-hop-type
                 |  |  |        +--:(tet:numbered-link-hop)
                 |  |  |        |  +--rw tet:numbered-link-hop
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:link-tp-id    te-tp-id
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |  |        |     |       te-hop-type
                 |  |  |        |     +--rw tet:direction?
                 |  |  |        |             te-link-direction
                 |  |  |        +--:(tet:unnumbered-link-hop)
                 |  |  |           +--rw tet:unnumbered-link-hop
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:link-tp-id-uri?
                 |  |  |              |       nt:tp-id
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:link-tp-id?
                 |  |  |              |       te-tp-id
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:node-id-uri?
                 |  |  |              |       nw:node-id
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:node-id?
                 |  |  |              |       te-node-id
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |  |              |       te-hop-type
                 |  |  |              +--rw tet:direction?
                 |  |  |                      te-link-direction
                 |  |  +--rw tet:backup-path* [index]
                 |  |     +--rw tet:index           uint32
                 |  |     +--rw tet:network-ref?
                 |  |     |       -> /nw:networks/network/network-id
                 |  |     +--rw tet:path-element* [path-element-id]
                 |  |        +--rw tet:path-element-id
                 |  |        |       uint32
                 |  |        +--rw (tet:type)?
                 |  |           +--:(tet:numbered-node-hop)
                 |  |           |  +--rw tet:numbered-node-hop
                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:node-id-uri?
                 |  |           |     |       nw:node-id
                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:node-id?
                 |  |           |     |       te-node-id
                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |           |             te-hop-type
                 |  |           +--:(tet:numbered-link-hop)
                 |  |           |  +--rw tet:numbered-link-hop
                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:link-tp-id    te-tp-id

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                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |           |     |       te-hop-type
                 |  |           |     +--rw tet:direction?
                 |  |           |             te-link-direction
                 |  |           +--:(tet:unnumbered-link-hop)
                 |  |              +--rw tet:unnumbered-link-hop
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:link-tp-id-uri?
                 |  |                 |       nt:tp-id
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:link-tp-id?
                 |  |                 |       te-tp-id
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:node-id-uri?
                 |  |                 |       nw:node-id
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:node-id?
                 |  |                 |       te-node-id
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:hop-type?
                 |  |                 |       te-hop-type
                 |  |                 +--rw tet:direction?
                 |  |                         te-link-direction
                 |  +--rw tet:interface-switching-capability*
                 |          [switching-capability encoding]
                 |     +--rw tet:switching-capability    identityref
                 |     +--rw tet:encoding                identityref
                 +--ro tet:oper-status?
                 |       te-types:te-oper-status
                 +--ro tet:is-transitional?       empty

Acknowledgments

   TODO acknowledge.

Authors' Addresses

   Italo Busi
   Huawei
   Email: italo.busi@huawei.com

   Aihua Guo
   Futurewei Technologies
   Email: aihuaguo.ietf@gmail.com

   Vishnu Pavan Beeram
   Juniper Networks
   Email: vbeeram@juniper.net

Busi, et al.            Expires 3 September 2026               [Page 27]
Internet-Draft              RFC8795 for SIMAP                 March 2026

   Sergio Belotti
   Nokia
   Email: sergio.belotti@nokia.com

   Tarek Saad
   Cisco Systems Inc.
   Email: tsaad.net@gmail.com

Busi, et al.            Expires 3 September 2026               [Page 28]