IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Dispatch Type for SCHC
draft-gomez-6lo-schc-dispatch-00
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| Document | Type |
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| Author | Carles Gomez | ||
| Last updated | 2020-07-13 | ||
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draft-gomez-6lo-schc-dispatch-00
6lo Working Group C. Gomez
Internet-Draft UPC
Intended status: Experimental July 13, 2020
Expires: January 14, 2021
IPv6 over Low-Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Dispatch
Type for SCHC
draft-gomez-6lo-schc-dispatch-00
Abstract
A new framework called Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) has
been designed to support IPv6 over Low Power Wide Area Network
(LPWAN) technologies [RFC8724]. One of the SCHC components is a
header compression mechanism. If used properly, SCHC header
compression allows a greater compression ratio than that achievable
with traditional 6LoWPAN header compression [RFC6282]. For this
reason, it may make sense to use SCHC header compression in some
6LoWPAN environments. In its current form, this document proposes a
number of 6LoWPAN Dispatch type approaches to signal when a packet
header has been compressed by using SCHC header compression.
Status of This Memo
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This Internet-Draft will expire on January 14, 2021.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
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publication of this document. Please review these documents
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Conventions used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. SCHC Dispatch Type Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4.1. Approach 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.2. Approach 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4.3. Approach 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1. Introduction
RFC 6282 is the main specification for IPv6 over Low power Wireless
Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) IPv6 header compression [RFC6282].
This RFC was designed assuming IEEE 802.15.4 as the layer below the
6LoWPAN adaptation layer, and it has also been reused (with proper
adaptations) for IPv6 header compression over many other technologies
relatively similar to IEEE 802.15.4 in terms of characteristics such
as physical layer bit rate, layer 2 maximum payload size, etc.
Examples of such technologies comprise BLE, DECT-ULE, ITU G.9959, MS/
TP, NFC, and PLC. RFC 6282 provides additional functionality, such
as a mechanism for UDP header compression.
In the best case, RFC 6282 allows to compress a 40-byte IPv6 header
down to a 2-byte compressed header (in link-local interactions) or a
3-byte compressed header (when global IPv6 addresses are used). On
the other hand, an RFC 6282 compressed UDP header has a typical size
of 4 bytes. Therefore, in advantageous conditions, a 48-byte
uncompressed IPv6/UDP header may be compressed down to a 7-byte
format by using RFC 6282.
Recently, a new framework called Static Context Header Compression
(SCHC) has been designed to support IPv6 over Low Power Wide Area
Network (LPWAN) technologies [RFC8724]. SCHC comprises header
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compression and fragmentation functionality tailored to the
extraordinary constraints of LPWAN technologies, which are more
severe than those exhibited by IEEE 802.15.4 or other relatively
similar technologies.
SCHC header compression allows a greater compression ratio than that
of RFC 6282. If used properly, SCHC allows to compress an IPv6/UDP
header down to e.g. a single byte. Therefore, it may make sense to
use SCHC header compression in some 6LoWPAN environments [I-
D.toutain-6lo-6lo-and-schc], considering its greater efficiency.
If SCHC header compression is added to the panoply of header
compression mechanisms used in 6LoWPAN environments, then there is a
need to signal when a packet header has been compressed by using
SCHC. To this end, in its current form, the present document
proposes a number of 6LoWPAN Dispatch type approaches for SCHC header
compression, based on exploiting RFC 4944 and/or RFC 8025 Dispatch
type space [RFC4944][RFC8025].
2. Conventions used in this document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL","SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. Frame Format
Figure 1 illustrates the content of an encapsulated, SCHC compressed,
IPv6 datagram:
+---------------+-------------+---------+
| SCHC Dispatch | SCHC Header | Payload |
+---------------+-------------+---------+
Figure 1: Encapsulated, SCHC compressed IPv6 datagram
The SCHC Header corresponds to a packet header that has been
compressed by using SCHC. As defined in [RFC8724], the SCHC Header
comprises a Rule ID, and a compression residue. (Note: more details,
including a discussion on padding, to be added.)
4. SCHC Dispatch Type Approaches
This section presents 3 different approaches for the SCHC Dispatch
type to be discussed.
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4.1. Approach 1
A first approach for the SCHC Dispatch Pattern is using Not a LoWPAN
(NALP) Dispatch type space [RFC4944]. The first two bits in a NALP
Dispatch type are 00. Approach 1 defines that a Dispatch starting by
"001" indicates that a SCHC-compressed packet comes next.
SCHC Dispatch Pattern: 001XXXXX
The last 5 bits of the Dispatch (indicated as 'X' above) may be used
to define 32 different Rule IDs.
This approach has pros and cons. A single byte is used for the
Dispatch plus the Rule ID. However, is 32 a relatively low number of
possible Rule ID values? On the other hand, there may be backwards
compatibility issues with existing implementations, where SCHC-
compressed packets might be misunderstood as other types of packets.
4.2. Approach 2
A second approach, that also uses NALP Dispatch type space, is:
SCHC Dispatch Pattern: 001YYYYY YYYYYYYY
The last 13 bits of the Dispatch (indicated as 'Y' above) may be used
to define 8192 different Rule IDs.
With this approach, two bytes are used for the SCHC Dispatch plus the
Rule ID, but 8192 possible Rule IDs can be used. The same backwards
compatibility issues in Approach 1 may exist for Approach 2 as well.
4.3. Approach 3
A third approach, which is not based on using NALP space, is using
the RFC 8025 concept of "pages", which would allocate one page for
SCHC-compressed headers:
SCHC Dispatch Pattern: 1111ZZZZ (ZZZZ to be determined)
With this approach, and with the aim to minimize header overhead, a
whole page is allocated for the SCHC Dispatch type. A 1-byte Rule ID
follows the SCHC Dispatch Pattern.
In this case, two bytes are used for the SCHC Dispatch plus the Rule
ID. 256 possible Rule IDs can be used. There are no backwards
compatibility issues.
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5. IANA Considerations
TBD
6. Security Considerations
TBD
7. Acknowledgments
Ana Minaburo and Laurent Toutain suggested for the first time the use
of SCHC in environments where 6LoWPAN has traditionally been used.
Carles Gomez has been funded in part by the Spanish Government
through project PID2019-106808RA-I00, and by Secretaria
d'Universitats i Recerca del Departament d'Empresa i Coneixement de
la Generalitat de Catalunya 2017 through grant SGR 376.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC4944] Montenegro, G., Kushalnagar, N., Hui, J., and D. Culler,
"Transmission of IPv6 Packets over IEEE 802.15.4
Networks", RFC 4944, DOI 10.17487/RFC4944, September 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4944>.
[RFC6282] Hui, J., Ed. and P. Thubert, "Compression Format for IPv6
Datagrams over IEEE 802.15.4-Based Networks", RFC 6282,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6282, September 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6282>.
[RFC8025] Thubert, P., Ed. and R. Cragie, "IPv6 over Low-Power
Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) Paging Dispatch",
RFC 8025, DOI 10.17487/RFC8025, November 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8025>.
[RFC8724] Minaburo, A., Toutain, L., Gomez, C., Barthel, D., and JC.
Zuniga, "SCHC: Generic Framework for Static Context Header
Compression and Fragmentation", RFC 8724,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8724, April 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8724>.
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8.2. Informative References
[I-D.toutain-6lo-6lo-and-schc]
Minaburo, A. and L. Toutain, "Comparison of 6lo and SCHC",
draft-toutain-6lo-6lo-and-schc-00 (work in progress),
November 2019.
Author's Address
Carles Gomez
UPC
C/Esteve Terradas, 7
Castelldefels 08860
Spain
Email: carlesgo@entel.upc.edu
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