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Push Notification with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
draft-holmberg-sipcore-sip-push-00

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Expired".
Author Christer Holmberg
Last updated 2017-10-09
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draft-holmberg-sipcore-sip-push-00
SIPCORE Working Group                                        C. Holmberg
Internet-Draft                                                  Ericsson
Updates: 4028 (if approved)                              October 9, 2017
Intended status: Standards Track
Expires: April 12, 2018

      Push Notification with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
                   draft-holmberg-sipcore-sip-push-00

Abstract

   This document describes how push notification mechanisms can be used
   to wake up idle Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) applications, in
   order to be able to receive and process SIP requests.  The document
   defines new SIP URI parameters, that can be used in a SIP REGISTER
   request to provide push notification information from the SIP User
   Agent (UA) to the SIP entity (realized as a SIP proxy in this
   document) that will send a push request to the push server in order
   to trigger a push notification towards the SIP UA.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 12, 2018.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect

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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Push Resource ID (PRID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   4.  SIP User Agent (UA) Behavior  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  SIP Proxy Behavior  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   6.  Network Address Translator (NAT) Considerations . . . . . . .   6
   7.  Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   8.  IANA considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     8.1.  pn-token  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     8.2.  pn-type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     8.3.  pn-enckey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     8.4.  pn-enccode  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     9.1.  Normative references  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     9.2.  Informative references  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   Author's Address  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8

1.  Introduction

   In order to save resources (e.g, battery life) some devices and
   operating systems require idle applications to be woken up using a
   push notification service.  Typically each operating system uses a
   dedicated push notification service.  For example, Apple iOS devices
   use the Apple Push Notification Service (APNS).

   Due to the restriction above, applications can not be woken up by
   non-push notification traffic.  This means that an idle Session
   Initiation Protocol (SIP) [RFC3261] User Agent (UA) will not be able
   to receive an incoming SIP request, e.g., an SIP INVITE request
   initiating a new SIP session.

   This document describes how push notification mechanisms can be used
   to wake up idle SIP applications, in order to be able to receive and
   process SIP requests.  The document defines new SIP URI parameters,
   that can be used in a SIP REGISTER request to provide push
   notification information from the SIP UA to the SIP entity (realized
   as a SIP proxy in this document) that will send a push request to the
   push server in order to trigger a push notification towards the SIP
   UA.

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   When a SIP UA registers to a push service, it will receive a unique
   Push Resource ID (PRID) associated to that registration.  The SIP UA
   will provide the PRID to the SIP network in a SIP REGISTER request.
   A SIP proxy (e.g., the SIP registrar) will store a mapping between
   the registered contact and the PRID.

   When the SIP entity receives a SIP request for a new session, or a
   stand-alone SIP request, addressed towards a SIP UA, the SIP entity
   will send a push request to the push service used by the SIP UA,
   using the push resource ID associated with the registered contact of
   the SIP UA, in order to trigger a push notification towards the SIP
   UA.  The SIP entity will then forward the SIP request towards the SIP
   UA using normal SIP routing procedures.  Once the SIP UA receives the
   push notification, it will be able to receive and process the SIP
   request.

   Different push notification mechanisms exist today.  Some are based
   on there standardized mechanism defined in [RFC8030], while others
   are proprietary (e.g., the Apple Push Notification Service).
   Figure 1 shows the generic push notification architecture supported
   by the mechanism in this document.

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     +--------+           +--------------+       +-----------------+
     | SIP UA |           | Push Service |       |    SIP Proxy    |
     +--------+           +--------------+       +-----------------+
         |                      |                         |
         |      Subscribe       |                         |
         |--------------------->|                         |
         |                      |                         |
         |    Push Resource ID  |                         |
         |<---------------------|                         |
         |                      |                         |
         |          SIP REGISTER (Push Resource ID)       |
         |===============================================>|
         |                      |                         |
         |                      |     Push Message        |
         |    Push Message      |<------------------------|
         |<---------------------|                         |
         |                      |                         |

         ------- Push Notification API

         ======= SIP

     REGISTER sip:alice@example.com SIP/2.0
     Via: SIP/2.0/TCP alicemobile.example.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
     Max-Forwards: 70
     To: Alice <sip:alice@example.com>
     From: Alice <sip:alice@example.com>;tag=456248
     Call-ID: 843817637684230@998sdasdh09
     CSeq: 1826 REGISTER
     Contact: <sip:alice@alicemobile.example.com;
       pn-type=acme;
       pn-token="ZTY4ZDJlMzODE1NmUgKi0K">
     Expires: 7200
     Content-Length: 0

               Figure 1: SIP Push Notification Architecture

2.  Conventions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

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3.  Push Resource ID (PRID)

   When an entity registers with a Push Notification Server (PNS) is
   receives a unique Push Resource ID (PRID), which is a value
   associated with the registration.

   The format of the PRID may vary depending on the PNS provider.  The
   PRID may be part of a URI that can be used to retrieve the address
   and port of the PNS when sending push requests to the PNS.  The PRID
   may also be a token value, in which case the address and port of the
   PNS needs to be provided using other means.

   The details regarding discovery of the PNS, and the procedures for
   the push notification registration and maintenance are outside the
   scope of this document.  The information needed to contact the PNS is
   typically pre-configured in the operating system (OS) of the device.

4.  SIP User Agent (UA) Behavior

   Once the SIP UA has registered with the PNS received the PRID, when
   then UA wants to receive push notifications triggered by the SIP
   proxy, the UA MUST send a SIP REGISTER using normal SIP registration
   procedures.  The UA MUST add a pn-token URI parameter, and MAY add a
   pn-type URI parameter, to the SIP Contact header field URI of the
   request.

   As long as the UA wants the SIP proxy to continue sending push
   requests, the UA MUST include the pn-token Contact header field URI
   parameter in every re-registration SIP REGISTER request sent towards
   the SIP proxy.

   If the UA at some point wants to stop the SIP proxy from sending push
   requests, the UA MUST send a SIP REGISTER request without the pn-
   token Contact header field URI parameter.

   If the UA expects to receive payload in the push notification, the UA
   MAY add a pn-enckey and a pn-encsec Contact header field URI
   parameter, in order to allow encryption of the data using the
   mechanism in [I-D.ietf-webpush-encryption].  The pn-enckey URI
   parameter contains the public key, and the pn-encsec URI parameter
   contains the authentication secret [I-D.ietf-webpush-encryption].

   Whenever the UA receives a push notification request, it MUST assume
   that it is about to receive a SIP request.

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5.  SIP Proxy Behavior

   When the SIP proxy receives a SIP request for a new dialog (e.g., a
   SIP INVITE request) or a non-dialog SIP request (e.g., a SIP MESSAGE
   request) aimed for a SIP UA, if the Request-URI of the request
   contains a pn-token URI parameter, the SIP proxy triggers a push
   request towards the push notification server associated with the
   PRID.  After that, the SIP proxy forwards the SIP request towards the
   SIP UA using normal SIP procedures.

   The SIP proxy MUST NOT transport the SIP request as push request
   payload, instead of forwarding the request using normal SIP
   procedures.

   In some cases the push notification provider can be retrieved from
   the pn-token URI parameter.  In other cases the pn-type URI parameter
   is used to identity the push notification provider.

   If the proxy is not able to contact the push notification provider,
   or even determine which push notification provider to contact, it
   SHOULD reject the SIP request.

   The protocol and format used for the push request depends on the push
   notification provider, and the details for constructing and sending
   the messages are outside the scope of this specification.

6.  Network Address Translator (NAT) Considerations

   Whenever the UA receives a push notification, if the SIP UA is
   located behind a Network Address Translator (NAT), the UA might need
   to take actions in order to establish a binding in the NAT, in order
   for an incoming SIP request to reach the UA.  [RFC5626] and [RFC6223]
   define such mechanisms.  This document does not require usage of a
   specific mechanism.

7.  Security considerations

   In addition to the information exchanged between a device and its PNS
   in order to esatblish a push notification subscription, the mechanism
   in this document does not require entities to provide any additional
   information to the PNS.

   Push notification mechanisms provide different methods to ensure that
   malicious user cannot trigger push notifications to a device.  Users
   of the mechanism in this document MUST take measures to prevent push
   notifications from being sent to a device from a malicious user.

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   In case entities do want to include payload in the push
   notifications, this document defines the means for using end-to-end
   paylod encryption between the entity sending the push request and the
   entity receiving the associated push notification.

8.  IANA considerations

   This specification defines new SIP URI parameters that extend the
   registry created by [RFC3969]:

8.1.  pn-token

   The "pn-token" parameter contains a push notification provider-
   specific value that was provided by the push notification Provider to
   the UA.  The value uniquely identifies the UA's push notification
   subscription.

8.2.  pn-type

   The "pn-type" parameter identifies the push notification provider and
   can be used in combination with "pn-token".  It is up to the specific
   push notification provider to make use of this parameter.

8.3.  pn-enckey

   The "pn-enckey" parameter contains a public key, as defined in
   [I-D.ietf-webpush-encryption].

8.4.  pn-enccode

   The "pn-encsec" parameter contains an authentication secret, as
   defined in [I-D.ietf-webpush-encryption].

9.  References

9.1.  Normative references

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <https://www.rfc-
              editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3261]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
              A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
              Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3261, June 2002, <https://www.rfc-
              editor.org/info/rfc3261>.

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   [RFC3969]  Camarillo, G., "The Internet Assigned Number Authority
              (IANA) Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Parameter
              Registry for the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)",
              BCP 99, RFC 3969, DOI 10.17487/RFC3969, December 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3969>.

   [RFC8030]  Thomson, M., Damaggio, E., and B. Raymor, Ed., "Generic
              Event Delivery Using HTTP Push", RFC 8030,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8030, December 2016, <https://www.rfc-
              editor.org/info/rfc8030>.

9.2.  Informative references

   [RFC5626]  Jennings, C., Ed., Mahy, R., Ed., and F. Audet, Ed.,
              "Managing Client-Initiated Connections in the Session
              Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 5626,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5626, October 2009, <https://www.rfc-
              editor.org/info/rfc5626>.

   [RFC6223]  Holmberg, C., "Indication of Support for Keep-Alive",
              RFC 6223, DOI 10.17487/RFC6223, April 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6223>.

   [I-D.ietf-webpush-encryption]
              Thomson, M., "Message Encryption for Web Push", draft-
              ietf-webpush-encryption-09 (work in progress), September
              2017.

Author's Address

   Christer Holmberg
   Ericsson
   Hirsalantie 11
   Jorvas  02420
   Finland

   Email: christer.holmberg@ericsson.com

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