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E-TREE Support in EVPN & PBB-EVPN
draft-ietf-bess-evpn-etree-12

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 8317.
Authors Ali Sajassi , Samer Salam , John Drake , Jim Uttaro , Sami Boutros , Jorge Rabadan
Last updated 2017-08-11 (Latest revision 2017-06-22)
Replaces draft-sajassi-bess-evpn-etree
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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Stream WG state Submitted to IESG for Publication
Document shepherd Thomas Morin
Shepherd write-up Show Last changed 2017-01-17
IESG IESG state Became RFC 8317 (Proposed Standard)
Consensus boilerplate Unknown
Telechat date (None)
Responsible AD Alvaro Retana
Send notices to "Thomas Morin" <thomas.morin@orange.com>, aretana@cisco.com
IANA IANA review state IANA - Not OK
draft-ietf-bess-evpn-etree-12
BESS Workgroup                                           A. Sajassi, Ed.
INTERNET-DRAFT                                                  S. Salam
Intended Status: Standards Track                                   Cisco
Updates: 7385                                                   J. Drake
                                                                 Juniper
                                                               J. Uttaro
                                                                     ATT
                                                              S. Boutros
                                                                  VMware
                                                              J. Rabadan
                                                                   Nokia
                                                                        
Expires: December 22, 2017                                 June 22, 2017

                   E-TREE Support in EVPN & PBB-EVPN
                     draft-ietf-bess-evpn-etree-12 

Abstract

   The Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) has defined a rooted-multipoint
   Ethernet service known as Ethernet Tree (E-Tree). A solution
   framework for supporting this service in MPLS networks is proposed in
   RFC7387 ("A Framework for Ethernet Tree (E-Tree) Service over a
   Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Network"). This document
   discusses how those functional requirements can be easily met with
   Ethernet VPN (EVPN) and how EVPN offers a more efficient
   implementation of these functions. This document makes use of the
   most significant bit of the scope governed by the IANA registry
   created by RFC7385, and hence updates RFC7385 accordingly.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as
   Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

 

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   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/1id-abstracts.html

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
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Copyright and License Notice

   Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors. All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document. Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     1.1  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2  E-Tree Scenarios  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.1 Scenario 1: Leaf OR Root site(s) per PE  . . . . . . . . . .  5
     2.2 Scenario 2: Leaf OR Root site(s) per AC  . . . . . . . . . .  5
     2.3 Scenario 3: Leaf OR Root site(s) per MAC . . . . . . . . . .  7
   3 Operation for EVPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.1 Known Unicast Traffic  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
     3.2 BUM Traffic  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.2.1 BUM traffic originated from a single-homed site on a
             leaf AC  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.2.2 BUM traffic originated from a single-homed site on a
             root AC  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.2.3 BUM traffic originated from a multi-homed site on a 
             leaf AC  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.2.4 BUM traffic originated from a multi-homed site on a 
             root AC  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     3.3 E-TREE Traffic Flows for EVPN  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.3.1 E-Tree with MAC Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
       3.3.2 E-Tree without MAC Learning  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   4 Operation for PBB-EVPN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     4.1 Known Unicast Traffic  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
 

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     4.2 BUM Traffic  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     4.3 E-Tree without MAC Learning  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   5 BGP Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
     5.1 E-Tree Extended Community  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
     5.2 PMSI Tunnel Attribute  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   6  Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   7  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   8  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     8.1 Considerations for PMSI Tunnel Types . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   9  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
     9.1  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
     9.2  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
   Appendix-A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
   Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

 

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1  Introduction

   The Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) has defined a rooted-multipoint
   Ethernet service known as Ethernet Tree (E-Tree) [MEF6.1]. In an E-
   Tree service, Attachment Circuits (ACs) are labeled as either Root or
   Leaf ACs. Root ACs can communicate with all other ACs. Leaf ACs can
   communicate with Root ACs but not with other Leaf ACs. 

   [RFC7387] proposes the solution framework for supporting E-Tree
   service in MPLS networks. The document identifies the functional
   components of the overall solution to emulate E-Tree services in
   addition to Ethernet LAN (E-LAN) services on an existing MPLS
   network.

   [RFC7432] is a solution for multipoint L2VPN services, with advanced
   multi-homing capabilities, using BGP for distributing customer/client
   MAC address reach-ability information over the MPLS/IP network.
   [RFC7623] combines the functionality of EVPN with [802.1ah] Provider
   Backbone Bridging (PBB) for MAC address scalability.

   This document discusses how the functional requirements for E-Tree
   service can be met with (PBB-)EVPN and how (PBB-)EVPN offers a more
   efficient implementation of these functions. This document makes use
   of the most significant bit of the scope governed by the IANA
   registry created by RFC7385, and hence updates RFC7385 accordingly.
   Section 2 discusses E-TREE scenarios. Section 3 and 4 describe E-TREE
   solutions for EVPN and PBB-EVPN respectively, and section 5 covers
   BGP encoding for E-TREE solutions. 

1.1  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [KEYWORDS].

2  E-Tree Scenarios

   This document categorizes E-Tree scenarios into the following three
   scenarios, depending on the nature of the Root/Leaf site association:

   - Leaf OR Root site(s) per PE

   - Leaf OR Root site(s) per Attachment Circuit (AC)

   - Leaf OR Root site(s) per MAC

 

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2.1 Scenario 1: Leaf OR Root site(s) per PE

   In this scenario, a PE may receive traffic from either Root ACs OR
   Leaf ACs for a given MAC-VRF/bridge table, but not both concurrently.
   In other words, a given EVI on a PE is either associated with root(s)
   or leaf(s). The PE may have both Root and Leaf ACs albeit for
   different EVIs.  

                   +---------+            +---------+
                   |   PE1   |            |   PE2   |
    +---+          |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  |            +---+
    |CE1+---AC1----+--+   |  |  | MPLS |  |  |   +--+----AC2-----+CE2|
    +---+  (Root)  |  |MAC|  |  |  /IP |  |  |MAC|  |   (Leaf)   +---+
                   |  |VRF|  |  |      |  |  |VRF|  |
                   |  |   |  |  |      |  |  |   |  |            +---+
                   |  |   |  |  |      |  |  |   +--+----AC3-----+CE3|
                   |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  |   (Leaf)   +---+
                   +---------+            +---------+

                             Figure 1: Scenario 1

   In such scenario, using tailored BGP Route Target (RT) import/export
   policies among the PEs belonging to the same EVI, can be used to
   restrict the communications among Leaf PEs. To restrict the
   communications among Leaf ACs connected to the same PE and belonging
   to the same EVI, split-horizon filtering is used to block traffic
   from one Leaf AC to another Leaf AC on a MAC-VRF for a given E-TREE
   EVI. The purpose of this topology constraint is to avoid having PEs
   with only  Leaf sites importing and processing BGP MAC routes from
   each other. To support such topology constrain in EVPN, two BGP
   Route-Targets (RTs) are used for every EVPN Instance (EVI): one RT is
   associated with the Root sites (Root ACs) and the other is associated
   with the Leaf sites (Leaf ACs). On a per EVI basis, every PE exports
   the single RT associated with its type of site(s). Furthermore, a PE
   with Root site(s) imports both Root and Leaf RTs, whereas a PE with
   Leaf site(s) only imports the Root RT.

2.2 Scenario 2: Leaf OR Root site(s) per AC

   In this scenario, a PE can receive traffic from both Root ACs and
   Leaf ACs for a given EVI. In other words, a given EVI on a PE can be
   associated with both root(s) and leaf(s). 

 

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                     +---------+            +---------+
                     |   PE1   |            |   PE2   |
    +---+            |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  |        +---+
    |CE1+-----AC1----+--+   |  |  |      |  |  |   +--+---AC2--+CE2|
    +---+    (Leaf)  |  |MAC|  |  | MPLS |  |  |MAC|  | (Leaf) +---+
                     |  |VRF|  |  |  /IP |  |  |VRF|  |
                     |  |   |  |  |      |  |  |   |  |        +---+
                     |  |   |  |  |      |  |  |   +--+---AC3--+CE3|
                     |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  | (Root) +---+
                     +---------+            +---------+

                              Figure 2: Scenario 2

   In this scenario, just like the previous scenario (in section 2.1),
   two Route Targets (one for Root and another for Leaf) can be used.
   However, the difference is that on a PE with both Root and Leaf ACs,
   all remote MAC routes are imported and thus there needs to be a way
   to differentiate remote MAC routes associated with Leaf ACs versus
   the ones associated with Root ACs in order to apply the proper
   ingress filtering. 

   In order to recognize the association of a destination MAC address to
   a Leaf or Root AC and thus support ingress filtering on the ingress
   PE with both Leaf and Root ACs, MAC addresses need to be colored with
   Root or Leaf indication before advertisements to other PEs. There are
   two approaches for such coloring:

   A) To always use two RTs (one to designate Leaf RT and another for
   Root RT)

   B) To allow for a single RT be used per EVI just like [RFC7432] and
   thus color MAC addresses via a "color" flag in a new extended
   community as detailed in section 3.1.

   Approach (A) would require the same data plane enhancements as
   approach (B) if MAC-VRF and bridge tables used per VLAN, are to
   remain consistent with [RFC7432] (section 6). In order to avoid data-
   plane enhancements for approach (A), multiple bridge tables per VLAN
   may be considered; however, this has major drawbacks as described in
   appendix-A and thus is not recommended.  

   Given that both approaches (A) and (B) would require exact same data-
   plane enhancements, approach (B) is chosen here in order to allow for
   RT usage consistent with baseline EVPN [RFC7432] and for better
   generality. It should be noted that if one wants to use RT constrain
   in order to avoid MAC advertisements associated with a Leaf AC to PEs
   with only Leaf ACs, then two RTs (one for Root and another for Leaf)
   can still be used with approach (B); however, in such applications
 

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   Leaf/Root RTs will be used to constrain MAC advertisements and they
   are not used to color the MAC routes for ingress filtering - i.e., in
   approach (B), the coloring is always done via the new extended
   community.   

   For this scenario, if for a given EVI, significant number of PEs have
   both Leaf and Root sites attached, even though they may start as
   Root-only or Leaf-only PEs, then a single RT per EVI should be used.
   The reason for such recommendation is to alleviate the configuration
   overhead associated with using two RTs per EVI at the expense of
   having some unwanted MAC addresses on the Leaf-only PEs. 

2.3 Scenario 3: Leaf OR Root site(s) per MAC

   In this scenario, a PE may receive traffic from both Root AND Leaf
   sites on a single Attachment Circuit (AC) of an EVI. This scenario is
   not covered in both [RFC7387] and [MEF6.1]; however, it is covered in
   this document for the sake of completeness. In this scenario, since
   an AC carries traffic from both Root and Leaf sites, the granularity
   at which Root or Leaf sites are identified is on a per MAC address.
   This scenario is considered in this document for EVPN service with
   only known unicast traffic because the Designated Forwarding (DF)
   filtering per [RFC7432] would not be compatible with the required
   egress filtering - i.e., Broadcast, Unknown, and Multicast (BUM)
   traffic is not supported in this scenario and it is dropped by the
   ingress PE.

                     +---------+            +---------+
                     |   PE1   |            |   PE2   |
    +---+            |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  |            +---+
    |CE1+-----AC1----+--+   |  |  |      |  |  |   +--+-----AC2----+CE2|
    +---+    (Root)  |  | E |  |  | MPLS |  |  | E |  | (Leaf/Root)+---+
                     |  | V |  |  |  /IP |  |  | V |  |
                     |  | I |  |  |      |  |  | I |  |            +---+
                     |  |   |  |  |      |  |  |   +--+-----AC3----+CE3|
                     |  +---+  |  +------+  |  +---+  |   (Leaf)   +---+
                     +---------+            +---------+

                              Figure 3: Scenario 3

3 Operation for EVPN

   [RFC7432] defines the notion of Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI)
 

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   MPLS label used for split-horizon filtering of BUM traffic at the
   egress PE. Such egress filtering capabilities can be leveraged in
   provision of E-TREE services as seen shortly. In other words,
   [RFC7432] has inherent capability to support E-TREE services without
   defining any new BGP routes but by just defining a new BGP Extended
   Community for leaf indication as shown later in this document
   (section 5.1).

3.1 Known Unicast Traffic

   Since in EVPN, MAC learning is performed in control plane via
   advertisement of BGP routes, the filtering needed by E-TREE service
   for known unicast traffic can be performed at the ingress PE, thus
   providing very efficient filtering and avoiding sending known unicast
   traffic over MPLS/IP core to be filtered at the egress PE as done in
   traditional E-TREE solutions (e.g., E-TREE for VPLS [RFC7796]). 

   To provide such ingress filtering for known unicast traffic, a PE
   MUST indicate to other PEs what kind of sites (root or leaf) its MAC
   addresses are associated with by advertising a leaf indication flag
   (via an Extended Community) along with each of its MAC/IP
   Advertisement routes. The lack of such flag indicates that the MAC
   address is associated with a root site. This scheme applies to all
   scenarios described in section 2. 

   Tagging MAC addresses with a leaf indication enables remote PEs to
   perform ingress filtering for known unicast traffic - i.e., on the
   ingress PE, the MAC destination address lookup yields, in addition to
   the forwarding adjacency, a flag which indicates whether the target
   MAC is associated with a Leaf site or not. The ingress PE cross-
   checks this flag with the status of the originating AC, and if both
   are Leafs, then the packet is not forwarded.

   In situation where MAC moves are allowed among Leaf and Root sites
   (e.g., non-static MAC), PEs can receive multiple MAC/IP
   advertisements routes for the same MAC address with different
   Leaf/Root indications (and possibly different ESIs for multi-homing
   scenarios). In such situations, MAC mobility procedures (section 15
   of [RFC7432]) take precedence to first identify the location of the
   MAC before associating that MAC with a Root or a Leaf site. 

   To support the above ingress filtering functionality, a new E-TREE
   Extended Community with a Leaf indication flag is introduced [section
   5.2]. This new Extended Community MUST be advertised with MAC/IP
   Advertisement route. Besides MAC/IP Advertisement route, no other
   EVPN routes are required to carry this new extended community.

 

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3.2 BUM Traffic

   This specification does not provide support for filtering BUM
   (Broadcast, Unknown, and Multicast) traffic on the ingress PE because
   it is not possible to perform filtering of BUM traffic on the ingress
   PE, as is the case with known unicast described above, due to the
   multi-destination nature of BUM traffic. As such, the solution relies
   on egress filtering. In order to apply the proper egress filtering,
   which varies based on whether a packet is sent from a Leaf AC or a
   root AC, the MPLS-encapsulated frames MUST be tagged with an
   indication that they originated from a Leaf AC - i.e., to be tagged
   with a Leaf label as specified in section 5.1. 

   The Leaf label can be upstream assigned for P2MP LSP or downstream
   assigned for ingress replication tunnels. The main difference between
   downstream and upstream assigned Leaf label is that in case of
   downstream assigned not all egress PE devices need to receive the
   label just like ESI label for ingress replication procedures defined
   in [RFC7432].

   On the ingress PE, the PE needs to place all its Leaf ACs for a given
   bridge domain in a single split-horizon group in order to prevent
   intra-PE forwarding among its Leaf ACs. This intra-PE split-horizon
   filtering applies to BUM traffic as well as known-unicast traffic.

   There are four scenarios to consider as follows. In all these
   scenarios, the ingress PE imposes the right MPLS label associated
   with the originated Ethernet Segment (ES) depending on whether the
   Ethernet frame originated from a Root or a Leaf site on that Ethernet
   Segment (ESI label or Leaf label). The mechanism by which the PE
   identifies whether a given frame originated from a Root or a Leaf
   site on the segment is based on the AC identifier for that segment
   (e.g., Ethernet Tag of the frame for 802.1Q frames). Other mechanisms
   for identifying root or leaf (e.g., on a per MAC address basis) is
   beyond the scope of this document.

3.2.1 BUM traffic originated from a single-homed site on a leaf AC

   In this scenario, the ingress PE adds a Leaf label advertised using
   the E-Tree Extended Community (Section 5.1) indicating a Leaf site.
   This Leaf label, used for single-homing scenarios, is not on a per ES
   basis but rather on a per PE basis - i.e., a single Leaf MPLS label
   is used for all single-homed ES's on that PE. This Leaf label is
   advertised to other PE devices, using the E-TREE Extended Community
   (section 5.1) along with an Ethernet A-D per ES route with ESI of
   zero and a set of Route Targets (RTs) corresponding to all EVIs on
   the PE with at least one leaf site per EVI. The set of Ethernet A-D
   per ES routes may be needed if the number of Route Targets (RTs) that
 

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   need to be sent exceed the limit on a single route per [RFC7432]. The
   ESI for the Ethernet A-D per ES route is set to zero to indicate
   single-homed sites.

   When a PE receives this special Leaf label in the data path, it
   blocks the packet if the destination AC is of type Leaf; otherwise,
   it forwards the packet.  

3.2.2 BUM traffic originated from a single-homed site on a root AC

   In this scenario, the ingress PE does not add any ESI label or Leaf
   label and it operates per [RFC7432] procedures. 

3.2.3 BUM traffic originated from a multi-homed site on a leaf AC

   In this scenario, it is assumed that while different ACs (VLANs) on
   the same ES could have different root/leaf designation (some being
   roots and some being leafs), the same VLAN does have the same
   root/leaf designation on all PEs on the same ES. Furthermore, it is
   assumed that there is no forwarding among subnets - ie, the service
   is EVPN L2 and not EVPN IRB [EVPN-IRB]. IRB use cases described in
   [EVPN-IRB] are outside the scope of this document.  

   In such scenarios,  If a multicast or broadcast packet is originated
   from a leaf AC, then it only needs to carry Leaf label described in
   section 3.2.1. This label is sufficient in providing the necessary
   egress filtering of BUM traffic from getting sent to leaf ACs
   including the leaf AC on the same Ethernet Segment.  

3.2.4 BUM traffic originated from a multi-homed site on a root AC

   In this scenario, both the ingress and egress PE devices follows the
   procedure defined in [RFC7432] for adding and/or processing an ESI
   MPLS label.

3.3 E-TREE Traffic Flows for EVPN

   Per [RFC7387], a generic E-Tree service supports all of the following
   traffic flows:

        - Ethernet known unicast from Root to Roots & Leaf
        - Ethernet known unicast from Leaf to Root
        - Ethernet BUM traffic from Root to Roots & Leafs
        - Ethernet BUM traffic from Leaf to Roots

   A particular E-Tree service may need to support all of the above
   types of flows or only a select subset, depending on the target
 

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   application. In the case where unicast flows need not be supported,
   the L2VPN PEs can avoid performing any MAC learning function. 

   The following subsections will describe the operation of EVPN to
   support E-Tree service with and without MAC learning.

3.3.1 E-Tree with MAC Learning

   The PEs implementing an E-Tree service must perform MAC learning when
   unicast traffic flows must be supported among Root and Leaf sites. In
   this case, the PE(s) with Root sites performs MAC learning in the
   data-path over the Ethernet Segments, and advertises reachability in
   EVPN MAC/IP Advertisement Routes. These routes will be imported by
   all PEs for that EVI (i.e., PEs that have Leaf sites as well as PEs
   that have Root sites). Similarly, the PEs with Leaf sites perform MAC
   learning in the data-path over their Ethernet Segments, and advertise
   reachability in EVPN MAC/IP Advertisement Routes. For the scenario
   described in section 2.1 (or possibly section 2.2), these routes are
   imported only by PEs with at least one Root site in the EVI - i.e., a
   PE with only Leaf sites will not import these routes. PEs with Root
   and/or Leaf sites may use the Ethernet A-D routes for aliasing (in
   the case of multi-homed segments) and for mass MAC withdrawal per
   [RFC7432].

   To support multicast/broadcast from Root to Leaf sites, either a P2MP
   tree rooted at the PE(s) with the Root site(s) or ingress replication
   can be used (section 16 of [RFC7432]). The multicast tunnels are set
   up through the exchange of the EVPN Inclusive Multicast route, as
   defined in [RFC7432]. 

   To support multicast/broadcast from Leaf to Root sites, ingress
   replication should be sufficient for most scenarios where there are
   only a few Roots (typically two). Therefore, in a typical scenario, a
   root PE needs to support both a P2MP tunnel in transmit direction
   from itself to leaf PEs and at the same time it needs to support
   ingress-replication tunnels in receive direction from leaf PEs to
   itself. In order to signal this efficiently from the root PE, a new
   composite tunnel type is defined per section 5.2.  This new composite
   tunnel type is advertised by the root PE to simultaneously indicate a
   P2MP tunnel in transmit direction and an ingress-replication tunnel
   in the receive direction for the BUM traffic.   

   If the number of Roots is large, P2MP tunnels originated at the PEs
   with Leaf sites may be used and thus there will be no need to use the
   modified PMSI tunnel attribute in section 5.2 for composite tunnel
   type.

 

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3.3.2 E-Tree without MAC Learning

   The PEs implementing an E-Tree service need not perform MAC learning
   when the traffic flows between Root and Leaf sites are mainly
   multicast or broadcast. In this case, the PEs do not exchange EVPN
   MAC/IP Advertisement Routes. Instead, the Inclusive Multicast
   Ethernet Tag route is used to support BUM traffic. 

   The fields of this route are populated per the procedures defined in
   [RFC7432], and the multicast tunnel setup criteria are as described
   in the previous section. 

   Just as in the previous section, if the number of PEs with root sites
   are only a few and thus ingress replication is desired from leaf PEs
   to these root PEs, then the modified PMSI attribute as defined in
   section 5.2 should be used.

4 Operation for PBB-EVPN

   In PBB-EVPN, the PE advertises a Root/Leaf indication along with each
   B-MAC Advertisement route, to indicate whether the associated B-MAC
   address corresponds to a Root or a Leaf site. Just like the EVPN
   case, the new E-TREE Extended Community defined in section [5.1] is
   advertised with each MAC Advertisement route.

   In the case where a multi-homed Ethernet Segment has both Root and
   Leaf sites attached, two B-MAC addresses are advertised: one B-MAC
   address is per ES as specified in [RFC7623] and implicitly denoting 
   Root, and the other B-MAC address is per PE and explicitly denoting
   Leaf. The former B-MAC address is not advertised with the E-TREE
   extended community but the latter B-MAC denoting Leaf is advertised
   with the new E-TREE extended community where "Leaf-indication" flag
   is set. In such multi-homing scenarios where an Ethernet Segment has
   both Root and Leaf ACs, it is assumed that While different ACs
   (VLANs) on the same ES could have different root/leaf designation
   (some being roots and some being leafs), the same VLAN does have the
   same root/leaf designation on all PEs on the same ES. Furthermore, it
   is assumed that there is no forwarding among subnets - ie, the
   service is L2 and not IRB. IRB use case is outside the scope of this
   document.

   The ingress PE uses the right B-MAC source address depending on
   whether the Ethernet frame originated from the Root or Leaf AC on
   that Ethernet Segment. The mechanism by which the PE identifies
   whether a given frame originated from a Root or Leaf site on the
   segment is based on the Ethernet Tag associated with the frame. Other
   mechanisms of identification, beyond the Ethernet Tag, are outside
   the scope of this document.  
 

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   Furthermore, a PE advertises two special global B-MAC addresses: one
   for Root and another for Leaf, and tags the Leaf one as such in the
   MAC Advertisement route. These B-MAC addresses are used as source
   addresses for traffic originating from single-homed segments. The B-
   MAC address used for indicating Leaf sites can be the same for both
   single-homed and multi-homed segments.

4.1 Known Unicast Traffic

   For known unicast traffic, the PEs perform ingress filtering: On the
   ingress PE, the C-MAC destination address lookup yields, in addition
   to the target B-MAC address and forwarding adjacency, a flag which
   indicates whether the target B-MAC is associated with a Root or a
   Leaf site. The ingress PE cross-checks this flag with the status of
   the originating site, and if both are a Leaf, then the packet is not
   forwarded.

4.2 BUM Traffic

   For BUM traffic, the PEs must perform egress filtering. When a PE
   receives a MAC advertisement route (which will be used as a source B-
   MAC for BUM traffic), it updates its egress filtering (based on the
   source B-MAC address), as follows:

   - If the MAC Advertisement route indicates that the advertised B-MAC
   is a Leaf, and the local Ethernet Segment is a Leaf as well, then the
   source B-MAC address is added to its B-MAC list used for egress
   filtering - i.e., to block traffic from that B-MAC address.

   - Otherwise, the B-MAC filtering list is not updated.

   When the egress PE receives the packet, it examines the B-MAC source
   address to check whether it should filter or forward the frame. Note
   that this uses the same filtering logic as baseline [RFC7623] and
   does not require any additional flags in the data-plane.

   Just as in section 3.2, the PE places all Leaf Ethernet Segments of a
   given bridge domain in a single split-horizon group in order to
   prevent intra-PE forwarding among Leaf segments. This split-horizon
   function applies to BUM traffic as well as known-unicast traffic.

4.3 E-Tree without MAC Learning

   In scenarios where the traffic of interest is only Multicast and/or
   broadcast, the PEs implementing an E-Tree service do not need to do
   any MAC learning. In such scenarios the filtering must be performed
   on egress PEs. For PBB-EVPN, the handling of such traffic is per
 

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   section 4.2 without C-MAC learning part of it at both ingress and
   egress PEs.  

5 BGP Encoding

   This document defines a new BGP Extended Community for EVPN.

5.1 E-Tree Extended Community

   This Extended Community is a new transitive Extended Community
   [RFC4360] having a Type field value of 0x06 (EVPN) and the Sub-Type
   0x05. It is used for leaf indication of known unicast and BUM
   traffic.    

   The E-TREE Extended Community is encoded as an 8-octet value as
   follows:

        0                   1                   2                   3
        0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | Type=0x06     | Sub-Type=0x05 | Flags(1 Octet)|  Reserved=0   |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |  Reserved=0   |           Leaf Label                          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

                       Figure 4: E-TREE Extended Community 

   The Flags field has the following format:

          0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
         +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
         |  reserved   |L|
         +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   This document defines the following flags:

        + Leaf-Indication (L)

   A value of one indicates a Leaf AC/Site. The rest of flag bits are
   reserved and should be set to zero.

   When this Extended Community (EC) is advertised along with MAC/IP
   Advertisement route (for known unicast traffic) per section 3.1, the
   Leaf-Indication flag MUST be set to one and Leaf Label SHOULD be set
   to zero. The label value is encoded in the high-order 20 bits of the
 

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   Leaf Label field. The received PE SHOULD ignore Leaf Label and only
   processes Leaf-Indication flag. A value of zero for Leaf-Indication
   flag is invalid when sent along with MAC/IP advertisement route and
   an error should be logged.  

   When this EC is advertised along with Ethernet A-D per ES route (with
   ESI of zero) for BUM traffic to enable egress filtering on
   disposition PEs per sections 3.2.1 and 3.2.3, the Leaf Label MUST be
   set to a valid MPLS label (i.e., non-reserved assigned MPLS label
   [RFC3032]) and the Leaf-Indication flag SHOULD be set to zero. The
   received PE SHOULD ignore the Leaf-Indication flag. A non-valid MPLS
   label when sent along with the Ethernet A-D per ES route, should be
   ignored and logged as an error. 

   The reserved bits should be set to zero by the transmitter and should
   be ignored by the receiver.

5.2 PMSI Tunnel Attribute

   [RFC6514] defines PMSI Tunnel attribute which is an optional
   transitive attribute with the following format:

         +---------------------------------+
         |  Flags (1 octet)                |
         +---------------------------------+
         |  Tunnel Type (1 octets)         |
         +---------------------------------+
         |  MPLS Label (3 octets)          |
         +---------------------------------+
         |  Tunnel Identifier (variable)   |
         +---------------------------------+

         Figure 5: PMSI Tunnel Attribute 

   This document defines a new Composite tunnel type by introducing a
   new 'Composite Tunnel' bit in the Tunnel Type field and adding a MPLS
   label to the Tunnel Identifier field of PMSI Tunnel attribute as
   detailed below. This document uses all other remaining fields per
   existing definition. Composite tunnel type is advertised by the root
   PE to simultaneously indicate a non-ingress replication tunnel (e.g.,
   P2MP tunnel) in transmit direction and an ingress-replication tunnel
   in the receive direction for the BUM traffic. 

   When receiver ingress-replication label is needed, the high-order bit
   of the tunnel type field (Composite Tunnel bit) is set while the
   remaining low-order seven bits indicate the tunnel type as before.
 

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   When this Composite Tunnel bit is set, the "tunnel identifier" field
   would begin with a three-octet label, followed by the actual tunnel
   identifier for the transmit tunnel.  PEs that don't understand the
   new meaning of the high-order bit would treat the tunnel type as an
   undefined tunnel type and would treat the PMSI tunnel attribute as a
   malformed attribute [RFC6514]. For the PEs that do understand the new
   meaning of the high-order, if ingress replication is desired when
   sending BUM traffic, the PE will use the the label in the Tunnel
   Identifier field when sending its BUM traffic. 

   Using the Composite Tunnel bit for Tunnel Types 0x00 'no tunnel
   information present' and 0x06 'Ingress Replication' is invalid, and a
   PE that receives a PMSI Tunnel attribute with such information,
   considers it as malformed and it SHOULD treat this Update as though
   all the routes contained in this Update had been withdrawn per
   section 5 of [RFC6514].  

6  Acknowledgement

   We would like to thank Dennis Cai, Antoni Przygienda, and Jeffrey
   Zhang for their valuable comments. The authors would also like to
   thank Thomas Morin for shepherding this document and providing
   valuable comments.

7  Security Considerations

   Since this document uses the EVPN constructs of [RFC7432] and
   [RFC7623], the same security considerations in these documents are
   also applicable here. Furthermore, this document provides additional
   security check by allowing sites (or ACs) of an EVPN instance to be
   designated as "Root" or "Leaf" and preventing any traffic exchange
   among "Leaf" sites of that VPN through ingress filtering for known
   unicast traffic and egress filtering for BUM traffic.   

8  IANA Considerations

   IANA has allocated value 5 in the "EVPN Extended Community Sub-Types"
   registry defined in [RFC7153] as follow:

         SUB-TYPE VALUE     NAME                        Reference

         0x05               E-TREE Extended Community   This document

   This document creates a one-octet registry called "E-Tree Flags". 
   New registrations will be made through the "RFC Required" procedure
 

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   defined in [RFC5226].  Initial registrations are as follows:

         bit               Name                         Reference

         0-6               Reserved                     This document
         7                 Leaf-Indication              This document

8.1 Considerations for PMSI Tunnel Types

   The "P-Multicast Service Interface Tunnel (PMSI Tunnel) Tunnel Types"
   registry in the "Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Parameters" registry
   needs to be updated to reflect the use of the most significant bit as
   "Composite Tunnel" bit (section 5.2).

   For this purpose, this document updates [RFC7385].

   The registry is to be updated, by removing the entries for 0xFB-0xFE
   and 0x0F, and replacing them by:

   Value          Meaning                            Reference
   0x0B-0x7A      Unassigned
   0x7B-0x7E      Reserved for Experimental Use      this document
   0x7F           Reserved                           this document
   0x80-0xFF      Reserved for Composite Tunnels     this document

   The allocation policy for values 0x00 to 0x7A is IETF Review
   [RFC5226]. The range for experimental use is now 0x7B-0x7E, and value
   in this range are not to be assigned. The status of 0x7F may only be
   changed through Standards Action [RFC5226].  

9  References

9.1  Normative References

   [KEYWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC5226] T. Narten et al, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA
   Considerations Section in RFCs", May, 2008.

   [RFC7387] Key et al., "A Framework for E-Tree Service over MPLS
   Network", October 2014.

   [MEF6.1] Metro Ethernet Forum, "Ethernet Services Definitions - Phase
 

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   2", MEF 6.1, April 2008.

   [RFC7432] Sajassi et al., "BGP MPLS Based Ethernet VPN", February,
   2015.

   [RFC7623] Sajassi et al., "Provider Backbone Bridging Combined with
   Ethernet VPN (PBB-EVPN)", September, 2015.

   [RFC7385] Andersson et al., "IANA Registry for P-Multicast Service
   Interface (PMSI) Tunnel Type Code Points", October, 2014.

   [RFC7153] Rosen et al., "IANA Registries for BGP Extended
   Communities",  March, 2014.

   [RFC6514] Aggarwal et al., "BGP Encodings and Procedures for
   Multicast in MPLS/BGP IP VPNs",  February, 2012.

   [RFC4360] Sangli et al., "BGP Extended Communities Attribute",
   February, 2006.

9.2  Informative References

   [RFC4360] S. Sangli et al, "BGP Extended Communities Attribute", 
   February, 2006.

   [RFC3032] E. Rosen et al, "MPLS Label Stack Encoding",  January 2001.

   [RFC7796] Y. Jiang et al, "Ethernet-Tree (E-Tree) Support in Virtual
   Private LAN Service (VPLS)", March 2016.

   [EVPN-IRB] A. Sajassi et al, "Integrated Routing and Bridging in
   EVPN", draft-ietf-bess-evpn-inter-subnet-forwarding-03, February 8,
   2017.

Appendix-A

   When two MAC-VRFs (two bridge tables per VLANs) are used for an E-
   TREE service (one for root ACs and another for Leaf ACs) on a given
   PE, then the following complications in data-plane path can result.

   Maintaining two MAC-VRFs (two bridge tables) per VLAN (when both Leaf
   and Root ACs exists for that VLAN) would either require two lookups
   be performed per MAC address in each direction in case of a miss, or
   duplicating many MAC addresses between the two bridge tables
   belonging to the same VLAN (same E-TREE instance). Unless two lookups
   are made, duplication of MAC addresses would be needed for both
   locally learned and remotely learned MAC addresses. Locally learned
 

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   MAC addresses from Leaf ACs need to be duplicated onto Root bridge
   table and locally learned MAC addresses from Root ACs need to be
   duplicated onto Leaf bridge table. Remotely learned MAC addresses
   from Root ACs need to be copied onto both Root and Leaf bridge
   tables. Because of potential inefficiencies associated with data-
   plane implementation of additional MAC lookup or duplication of MAC
   entries, this option is not believed to be implementable without
   dataplane performance inefficiencies in some platforms and thus this
   document introduces the coloring as described in section 2.2 and
   detailed in section 3.1.

Contributors

   In addition to the authors listed on the front page, the following
   co-authors have also contributed to this document:

   Wim Henderickx
   Nokia

   Aldrin Isaac
   Wen Lin
   Juniper

Authors' Addresses

   Ali Sajassi
   Cisco
   Email: sajassi@cisco.com

   Samer Salam
   Cisco
   Email: ssalam@cisco.com

   John Drake
   Juniper
   Email: jdrake@juniper.net 

   Jim Uttaro
   AT&T
   Email: ju1738@att.com 

 

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   Sami Boutros
   VMware
   Email: sboutros@vmware.com  

   Jorge Rabadan
   Nokia
   Email: jorge.rabadan@nokia.com 

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