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JSContact: A JSON representation of contact data
draft-ietf-calext-jscontact-02

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Active".
Authors Robert Stepanek , Mario Loffredo
Last updated 2022-04-11
Replaces draft-ietf-jmap-jscontact, draft-stepanek-jscontact
Replaced by draft-ietf-jmap-jscontact
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draft-ietf-calext-jscontact-02
Calendaring Extensions                                       R. Stepanek
Internet-Draft                                                  FastMail
Intended status: Standards Track                             M. Loffredo
Expires: 13 October 2022                                         IIT-CNR
                                                           11 April 2022

            JSContact: A JSON representation of contact data
                     draft-ietf-calext-jscontact-02

Abstract

   This specification defines a data model and JSON representation of
   contact card information that can be used for data storage and
   exchange in address book or directory applications.  It aims to be an
   alternative to the vCard data format and to be unambiguous,
   extendable and simple to process.  In contrast to the JSON-based
   jCard format, it is not a direct mapping from the vCard data model
   and expands semantics where appropriate.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 13 October 2022.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Relation to the xCard and jCard formats . . . . . . . . .   4
     1.2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     1.3.  Vendor-specific Property Extensions and Values  . . . . .   4
     1.4.  Type Signatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     1.5.  Data types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       1.5.1.  Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       1.5.2.  Id  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
       1.5.3.  PatchObject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
       1.5.4.  Preference  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       1.5.5.  UnsignedInt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       1.5.6.  UTCDateTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   2.  Card  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.1.  Metadata properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       2.1.1.  @type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       2.1.2.  uid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       2.1.3.  prodId  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       2.1.4.  created . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
       2.1.5.  updated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       2.1.6.  kind  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       2.1.7.  relatedTo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       2.1.8.  language  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     2.2.  Name and Organization properties  . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.2.1.  name  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.2.2.  fullName  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.2.3.  nickNames . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.2.4.  organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
       2.2.5.  titles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
       2.2.6.  speakToAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     2.3.  Contact and Resource properties . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       2.3.1.  emails  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       2.3.2.  phones  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
       2.3.3.  online  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
       2.3.4.  scheduling  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       2.3.5.  photos  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
       2.3.6.  preferredContactMethod  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
       2.3.7.  preferredContactLanguages . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17

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     2.4.  Address and Location properties . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
       2.4.1.  addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
     2.5.  Multilingual properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       2.5.1.  localizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     2.6.  Additional properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       2.6.1.  anniversaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       2.6.2.  personalInfo  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       2.6.3.  notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       2.6.4.  categories  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       2.6.5.  timeZones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   3.  CardGroup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
     3.1.  Group properties  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       3.1.1.  @type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       3.1.2.  uid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       3.1.3.  members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       3.1.4.  name  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       3.1.5.  card  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   4.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
     4.1.  IIT-CNR/Registro.it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   5.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27

1.  Introduction

   This document defines a data model for contact card data normally
   used in address book or directory applications and services.  It aims
   to be an alternative to the vCard data format [RFC6350] and to
   provide a JSON-based standard representation of contact card data.

   The key design considerations for this data model are as follows:

   *  Most of the initial set of attributes should be taken from the
      vCard data format [RFC6350] and extensions ([RFC6473], [RFC6474],
      [RFC6715], [RFC6869], [RFC8605]).  The specification should add
      new attributes or value types, or not support existing ones, where
      appropriate.  Conversion between the data formats need not fully
      preserve semantic meaning.

   *  The attributes of the cards data represented must be described as
      a simple key-value pair, reducing complexity of its
      representation.

   *  The data model should avoid all ambiguities and make it difficult
      to make mistakes during implementation.

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   *  Extensions, such as new properties and components, MUST NOT lead
      to requiring an update to this document.

   The representation of this data model is defined in the I-JSON format
   [RFC7493], which is a strict subset of the JavaScript Object Notation
   (JSON) Data Interchange Format [RFC8259].  Using JSON is mostly a
   pragmatic choice: its widespread use makes Card easier to adopt, and
   the availability of production-ready JSON implementations eliminates
   a whole category of parser-related interoperability issues.

1.1.  Relation to the xCard and jCard formats

   The xCard [RFC6351] and jCard [RFC7095] specifications define
   alternative representations for vCard data, in XML and JSON format
   respectively.  Both explicitly aim to not change the underlying data
   model.  Accordingly, they are regarded as equal to vCard in the
   context of this document.

1.2.  Terminology

   The key words MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD,
   SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, NOT RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119]
   [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown
   here.

1.3.  Vendor-specific Property Extensions and Values

   Vendors MAY add additional properties to the contact object to
   support their custom features.  To avoid conflict, the names of these
   properties MUST be prefixed by a domain name controlled by the vendor
   followed by a colon, e.g., "example.com:customprop".  If the value is
   a new JSContact object, it either MUST include an "@type" property,
   or it MUST explicitly be specified to not require a type designator.
   The type name MUST be prefixed with a domain name controlled by the
   vendor.

   Some JSContact properties allow vendor-specific value extensions.
   Such vendor-specific values MUST be prefixed by a domain name
   controlled by the vendor followed by a colon, e.g.,
   "example.com:customrel".

   Vendors are strongly encouraged to register any new property values
   or extensions that are useful to other systems as well, rather than
   use a vendor-specific prefix.

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1.4.  Type Signatures

   Type signatures are given for all JSON values in this document.  The
   following conventions are used:

   *  * - The type is undefined (the value could be any type, although
      permitted values may be constrained by the context of this value).

   *  String - The JSON string type.

   *  Number - The JSON number type.

   *  Boolean - The JSON boolean type.

   *  A[B] - A JSON object where the keys are all of type A, and the
      values are all of type B.

   *  A[] - An array of values of type A.

   *  A|B - The value is either of type A or of type B.

1.5.  Data types

   In addition to the standard JSON data types, a couple of additional
   data types are common to the definitions of JSContact objects and
   properties.

1.5.1.  Context

   Contact information typically is associated with a context in which
   it should be used.  For example, someone might have distinct phone
   numbers for work and private contexts.  The Context data type
   enumerates common contexts.

   Common context values are:

   *  private: The contact information may be used to contact the card
      holder in a private context.

   *  work: The contact information may be used to contact the card
      holder in a professional context.

   Additional allowed values may be defined in the properties or data
   types that make use of the Context data type, registered in a future
   RFC, or a vendor-specific value.

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1.5.2.  Id

   Where Id is given as a data type, it means a String of at least 1 and
   a maximum of 255 octets in size, and it MUST only contain characters
   from the URL and Filename Safe base64url alphabet, as defined in
   Section 5 of [RFC4648], excluding the pad character (=).  This means
   the allowed characters are the ASCII alphanumeric characters (A-Za-
   z0-9), hyphen (-), and underscore (_).

   In many places in JSContact a JSON map is used where the map keys are
   of type Id and the map values are all the same type of object.  This
   construction represents an unordered set of objects, with the added
   advantage that each entry has a name (the corresponding map key).
   This allows for more concise patching of objects, and, when
   applicable, for the objects in question to be referenced from other
   objects within the JSContact object.

   Unless otherwise specified for a particular property, there are no
   uniqueness constraints on an Id value (other than, of course, the
   requirement that you cannot have two values with the same key within
   a single JSON map).  For example, two Card objects might use the same
   Ids in their respective photos properties.  Or within the same Card
   object the same Id could appear in the emails and phones properties.
   These situations do not imply any semantic connections among the
   objects.

1.5.3.  PatchObject

   A PatchObject is of type String[*], and represents an unordered set
   of patches on a JSON object.  Each key is a path represented in a
   subset of JSON pointer format [RFC6901].  The paths have an implicit
   leading /, so each key is prefixed with / before applying the JSON
   pointer evaluation algorithm.

   A patch within a PatchObject is only valid if all of the following
   conditions apply:

   1.  The pointer MUST NOT reference inside an array (i.e., you MUST
       NOT insert/delete from an array; the array MUST be replaced in
       its entirety instead).

   2.  All parts prior to the last (i.e., the value after the final
       slash) MUST already exist on the object being patched.

   3.  There MUST NOT be two patches in the PatchObject where the
       pointer of one is the prefix of the pointer of the other, e.g.,
       addresses/1/city and addresses.

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   4.  The value for the patch MUST be valid for the property being set
       (of the correct type and obeying any other applicable
       restrictions), or if null the property MUST be optional.

   The value associated with each pointer determines how to apply that
   patch:

   *  If null, remove the property from the patched object.  If the key
      is not present in the parent, this a no-op.

   *  If non-null, set the value given as the value for this property
      (this may be a replacement or addition to the object being
      patched).

   A PatchObject does not define its own @type property.  Instead, a
   @type property in a patch MUST be handled as any other patched
   property value.

   Implementations MUST reject in its entirety a PatchObject if any of
   its patches is invalid.  Implementations MUST NOT apply partial
   patches.

1.5.4.  Preference

   This data type allows to define a preference order on same-typed
   contact information.  For example, a card holder may have two email
   addresses and prefer to be contacted with one of them.

   A preference value MUST be an integer number in the range 1 and 100.
   Lower values correspond to a higher level of preference, with 1 being
   most preferred.  If no preference is set, then the contact
   information MUST be interpreted as being least preferred.

   Note that the preference only is defined in relation to contact
   information of the same type.  For example, the preference orders
   within emails and phone numbers are indendepent of each other.  Also
   note that the _preferredContactMethod_ property allows to define a
   preferred contact method across method types.

1.5.5.  UnsignedInt

   Where UnsignedInt is given as a data type, it means an integer in the
   range 0 <= value <= 2^53-1, represented as a JSON Number.

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1.5.6.  UTCDateTime

   This is a string in [RFC3339] date-time format, with the further
   restrictions that any letters MUST be in uppercase, and the time
   offset MUST be the character Z.  Fractional second values MUST NOT be
   included unless non-zero and MUST NOT have trailing zeros, to ensure
   there is only a single representation for each date-time.

   For example, 2010-10-10T10:10:10.003Z is conformant, but
   2010-10-10T10:10:10.000Z is invalid and is correctly encoded as
   2010-10-10T10:10:10Z.

2.  Card

   MIME type: application/jscontact+json;type=card

   A Card object stores information about a person, organization or
   company.

2.1.  Metadata properties

2.1.1.  @type

   Type: String (mandatory).

   Specifies the type of this object.  This MUST be Card.

2.1.2.  uid

   Type: String (mandatory).

   An identifier, used to associate the object as the same across
   different systems, addressbooks and views.  [RFC4122] describes a
   range of established algorithms to generate universally unique
   identifiers (UUID), and the random or pseudo-random version is
   recommended.  For compatibility with [RFC6350] UIDs, implementations
   MUST accept both URI and free-form text.

2.1.3.  prodId

   Type: String (optional).

   The identifier for the product that created the Card object.

2.1.4.  created

   Type: UTCDateTime (optional).

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   The date and time when this Card object was created.

2.1.5.  updated

   Type: UTCDateTime (optional).

   The date and time when the data in this Card object was last
   modified.

2.1.6.  kind

   Type: String (optional).  The kind of the entity the Card represents.

   The value MUST be either one of the following values, registered in a
   future RFC, or a vendor-specific value:

   *  individual: a single person

   *  org: an organization

   *  location: a named location

   *  device: a device, such as appliances, computers, or network
      elements

   *  application: a software application

2.1.7.  relatedTo

   Type: String[Relation] (optional).

   Relates the object to other Card and CardGroup objects.  This is
   represented as a map, where each key is the uid of the related Card
   or CardGroup and the value defines the relation.  The Relation object
   has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Relation.

   *  relation: String[Boolean] (optional, default: empty Object)
      Describes how the linked object is related to the linking object.
      The relation is defined as a set of relation types.  If empty, the
      relationship between the two objects is unspecified.  Keys in the
      set MUST be one of the RELATED property [RFC6350] type parameter
      values, or an IANA-registered value, or a vendor-specific value.
      The value for each key in the set MUST be true.

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2.1.8.  language

   Type: String (optional).

   This defines the locale in which free-text property values can be
   assumed to be written in.  The value MUST be a language tag as
   defined in [RFC5646].  Note that such values MAY be localized in the
   localizations Section 2.5.1 property.

2.2.  Name and Organization properties

2.2.1.  name

   Type: Name (optional).

   The name of the entity represented by this Card.

   A Name object has the following properties

   *  @type: Name (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.  This
      MUST be Name.

   *  components: NameComponent[] (mandatory).  The components making up
      the name.  The component list MUST have at least one entry.  Name
      components SHOULD be ordered such that their values joined by
      whitespace produce a valid full name of this entity.  Doing so,
      implementations MAY ignore any components of type separator.

   *  locale: String (optional).  The locale of the name.  The value
      MUST be a language tag as defined [RFC5646].

   A NameComponent object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be NameComponent.

   *  value: String (mandatory).  The value of this name component.

   *  type: String (mandatory).  The type of this name component.  The
      value MUST be either one of the following values, registered in a
      future RFC, or a vendor-specific value:

      -  prefix.  The value is a honorific title(s), e.g.  "Mr", "Ms",
         "Dr".

      -  given.  The value is a given name, also known as "first name",
         "personal name".

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      -  surname.  The value is a surname, also known as "last name",
         "family name".

      -  middle.  The value is a middle name, also known as "additional
         name".

      -  suffix.  The value is a honorific suffix, e.g.  "B.A.", "Esq.".

      -  separator.  A formatting separator for two name components.
         The value property of the component includes the verbatim
         separator, for example a newline character.

   *  nth: UnsignedInt (optional, default: 1).  Defines the rank of this
      name component to other name components of the same type.  If set,
      the property value MUST be higher than or equal to 1.

      For example, two name components of type surname may have their
      nth property value set to 1 and 2, respectively.  In this case,
      the first name component defines the surname, and the second name
      component the secondary surname.

      Note that this property value does not indicate the order in which
      to print name components of the same type.  Some cultures print
      the secondary surname before the first surname, others the first
      before the second.  Implementations SHOULD inspect the locale
      property of the Name object to determine the appropriate
      formatting.  They MAY print name components in order of appearance
      in the components property of the Name object.

2.2.2.  fullName

   Type: String (optional).

   The full name (e.g. the personal name and surname of an individual,
   the name of an organization) of the entity represented by this card.
   The purpose of this property is to define a name, even if the
   individual name components are not known.  In addition, it is meant
   to provide alternative versions of the name for internationalisation.
   Implementations SHOULD prefer using the _name_ property over this one
   and SHOULD NOT store the concatenated name component values in this
   property.

2.2.3.  nickNames

   Type: String[] (optional).

   The nick names of the entity represented by this card.

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2.2.4.  organizations

   Type: Id[Organization] (optional).

   The companies or organization names and units associated with this
   card.  An Organization object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Organization.

   *  name: String (mandatory).  The name of this organization.

   *  units: String[] (optional).  Additional levels of organizational
      unit names.

2.2.5.  titles

   Type : Id[Title] (optional).

   The job titles or functional positions of the entity represented by
   this card.  A Title has object the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Title.

   *  title: String (mandatory).  The title of the entity represented by
      this card.

   *  organization: Id (optional).  The id of the organization in which
      this title is held.

2.2.6.  speakToAs

   Type: SpeakToAs (optional).

   Provides information how to address, speak to or refer to the entity
   that is represented by this card.  A SpeakToAs object has the
   following properties, of which at least one property other than @type
   MUST be set:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be SpeakToAs.

   *  grammaticalGender: String (optional).  Defines which grammatical
      gender to use in salutations and other grammatical constructs.
      Allowed values are:

      -  animate

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      -  female

      -  inanimate

      -  male

      -  neuter

      Note that the grammatical gender does not allow to infer the
      gender identities or biological sex of the contact.

   *  pronouns: String (optional).  Defines the gender pronouns that the
      contact chooses to use for themselves.  Any value or form is
      allowed.  Examples in English include she/her and they/them/
      theirs.

   The property values SHOULD be localized in the language defined in
   the language property.  They MAY be overridden in the localizations
   property (Section 2.5.1).

2.3.  Contact and Resource properties

2.3.1.  emails

   Type: Id[EmailAddress] (optional).

   The email addresses to contact the entity represented by this card.
   An EmailAddress object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be EmailAddress.

   *  email: String (mandatory).  The email address.  This MUST be an
      _addr-spec_ value as defined in Section 3.4.1 of [RFC5322].

   *  contexts: Context[Boolean] (optional) The contexts in which to use
      this email address.  The value for each key in the object MUST be
      true.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this email address
      in relation to other email addresses.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

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2.3.2.  phones

   Type: Id[Phone] (optional).

   The phone numbers to contact the entity represented by this card.  A
   Phone object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Phone.

   *  phone: String (mandatory).  The phone value, as either a URI or a
      free-text phone number.  Typical URI schemes are the [RFC3966] tel
      or [RFC3261] sip schemes, but any URI scheme is allowed.

   *  features: String[Boolean] (optional).  The set of contact features
      that this phone number may be used for.  The set is represented as
      an object, with each key being a method type.  The value for each
      key in the object MUST be true.  The method type MUST be either
      one of the following values, registered in a future RFC, or a
      vendor-specific value:

      -  voice The number is for calling by voice.

      -  fax The number is for sending faxes.

      -  pager The number is for a pager or beeper.

      -  text The number supports text messages (SMS).

      -  cell The number is for a cell phone.

      -  textphone The number is for a device for people with hearing or
         speech difficulties.

      -  video The number supports video conferencing.

   *  contexts: Context[Boolean] (optional) The contexts in which to use
      this number.  The value for each key in the object MUST be true.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this number in
      relation to other numbers.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

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2.3.3.  online

   Type: Id[Resource] (optional).

   The online resources and services that are associated with the entity
   represented by this card.  A Resource object has the following
   properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Resource.

   *  resource: String (mandatory).  The resource value, where the
      allowed value form is defined by the the _type_ property.  If the
      value form is URI, then the property value MUST be a valid _URI_
      as defined in Section 3 of [RFC3986] and updates.  In any case the
      value MUST NOT be empty.

   *  type: String (optional).  The type of the resource.  Allowed
      values are:

      -  audio The resource is a digital sound URI, such as a recording
         of proper pronunciation of the name of this card.

      -  calendar The resource is a calendar URI associated with the
         entity represented by this card.

      -  contact The resource is an alternative contact method URI to
         contact the entity represented by this card.  This typically is
         a web contact form using the "https" URI scheme, but may be any
         other.

      -  directory The resource is a directory service URI where the
         entity represented by this card can be found in.  This
         typically is an organizational directory that also contains
         associated entities, e.g. co-workers and management in a
         company directory.

      -  directorySource The resource is a directory service entry URI
         of the entity represented by this card.  In contrast to the
         "directory" type this resource only provides the means to
         access directory information for this entity.

      -  freeBusy The resource is a free-busy calendaring URI for the
         entity represented by this card.

      -  logo The resource is a graphic logo URI associated with the
         entity represented by this card.

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      -  publicKey The resorce is a cryptograhic public key or
         certificate URI associated with the entity represented by this
         card.

      -  uri The resource value is any URI, e.g. a website link.

      -  username The resource value is a username associated with the
         entity represented by this card (e.g. for social media, or an
         IM client).  The _label_ property SHOULD be included to
         identify what service this is for.  For compatibility between
         clients, this label SHOULD be the canonical service name,
         including capitalisation. e.g.  Twitter, Facebook, Skype,
         GitHub, XMPP.  The resource value may be any non-empty free
         text.

   *  mediaType: String (optional).  Used for URI resource values.
      Provides the media type [RFC2046] of the resource identified by
      the URI.

   *  contexts: Context[Boolean] (optional) The contexts in which to use
      this resource.  The value for each key in the object MUST be true.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this resource in
      relation to other resources.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

2.3.4.  scheduling

   Type: Id[Scheduling] (optional).

   The methods by which the entity receives calendar scheduling
   invitations and updates.  A Scheduling object has the following
   properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Scheduling.

   *  sendTo: String[String] (mandatory).  The keys in the property
      value are the available methods for scheduling.  The value is a
      URI for the method specified in the key.  This MUST be a valid
      "sendTo" property value as specified in Section 4.4.6 of [RFC8984]
      and updates.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this scheduling
      object in relation to other scheduling objects.

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2.3.5.  photos

   Type: Id[File] (optional).

   A map of photo ids to File objects that contain photographs or images
   associated with this card.  A typical use case is to include an
   avatar for display along the contact name.

   A File object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be File.

   *  href: String (mandatory).  A URI where to fetch the data of this
      file.

   *  mediaType: String (optional).  The content-type of the file, if
      known.

   *  size: UnsignedInt (optional).  The size, in octets, of the file
      when fully decoded (i.e., the number of octets in the file the
      user would download), if known.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this photo in
      relation to other photos.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

2.3.6.  preferredContactMethod

   Type : String (optional)

   Defines the preferred method to contact the holder of this card.  The
   value MUST be the property names: emails, phones, online.

2.3.7.  preferredContactLanguages

   Type : String[ContactLanguage[]] (optional)

   Defines the preferred languages for contacting the entity associated
   with this card.  The keys in the object MUST be [RFC5646] language
   tags.  The values are a (possibly empty) list of contact language
   preferences for this language.  A valid ContactLanguage object MUST
   have at least one of its properties set.

   A ContactLanguage object has the following properties:

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   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be ContactLanguage.

   *  context: Context (optional).  Defines the context in which to use
      this language.

   *  pref: Preference (optional).  Defines the preference of this
      language in relation to other languages of the same context.

   Also see the definition of the VCARD LANG property (Section 6.4.4.,
   [RFC6350]).

2.4.  Address and Location properties

2.4.1.  addresses

   Type: Id[Address] (optional).

   A map of address ids to Address objects, containing physical
   locations.  An Address object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Address.

   *  fullAddress: String (optional).  The complete address, excluding
      type and label.  This property is mainly useful to represent
      addresses of which the individual address components are unknown,
      or to provide localized representations.

   *  street: StreetComponent[] (optional).  The street address.  The
      concatenation of the component values, separated by whitespace,
      SHOULD result in a valid street address for the address locale.
      Doing so, implementations MAY ignore any separator components.
      The StreetComponent object type is defined in the paragraph below.

   *  locality: String (optional).  The city, town, village, post town,
      or other locality within which the street address may be found.

   *  region: String (optional).  The province, such as a state, county,
      or canton within which the locality may be found.

   *  country: String (optional).  The country name.

   *  postcode: String (optional).  The postal code, post code, ZIP code
      or other short code associated with the address by the relevant
      country's postal system.

   *  countryCode: String (optional).  The ISO-3166-1 country code.

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   *  coordinates: String (optional) A [RFC5870] "geo:" URI for the
      address.

   *  timeZone: String (optional) Identifies the time zone this address
      is located in.  This either MUST be a time zone name registered in
      the IANA Time Zone Database (https://www.iana.org/time-zones), or
      it MUST be a valid TimeZoneId as defined in [RFC8984].  For the
      latter, a corresponding time zone MUST be defined in the timeZones
      property.

   *  contexts: Context[Boolean] (optional).  The contexts of the
      address information.  In addition to the common contexts, allowed
      values are:

      -  billing An address to be used for billing.

      -  postal An address to be used for delivering physical items.
         The value for each key in the object MUST be true.

   *  pref: Preference (optional) The preference of this address in
      relation to other addresses.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

   A StreetComponent object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be StreetComponent.

   *  type: String (mandatory).  The type of this street component.  The
      value MUST be either one of the following values, registered in a
      future RFC, or a vendor-specific value:

      -  name.  The street name.

      -  number.  The street number.

      -  apartment.  The apartment number or identifier.

      -  room.  The room number or identifier.

      -  extension.  The extension designation or box number.

      -  direction.  The cardinal direction, e.g.  "North".

      -  building.  The building or building part this address is
         located in.

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      -  floor.  The floor this address is located on.

      -  postOfficeBox.  The post office box number or identifier.

      -  separator.  A separator for two street components.  The value
         property of the component includes the verbatim separator, for
         example a newline character.

      -  unknown.  A name component value for which no type is known.

   *  value: String (mandatory).  The value of this street component.

2.5.  Multilingual properties

2.5.1.  localizations

   Type: String[PatchObject] (optional).

   A map of language tags [RFC5646] to patches, which localize a
   property value into the locale of the respective language tag.  The
   paths in the PatchObject keys are relative to the Card object that
   includes the localizations property.  A patch MUST NOT target the
   localizations property.

   The following example shows a Card object, where one of its addresses
   Tokyo is localized for the jp locale.

     "@type": "Card",
     ...
     "addresses": {
       "addr1": {
         "@type": "Address",
         "locality": "Tokyo",
        }
      },
      "localizations": {
        "jp": {
           "addresses/addr1/locality":"東京"
        }
      }

                                  Figure 1

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2.6.  Additional properties

2.6.1.  anniversaries

   Type : Id[Anniversary] (optional).

   These are memorable dates and events for the entity represented by
   this card.  An Anniversary object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be Anniversary.

   *  type: String (optional).  Specifies the type of the anniversary.
      This RFC predefines the following types, but implementations MAY
      use additional values:

      -  birth: a birth day anniversary

      -  death: a death day anniversary

   *  date: String (mandatory).  The date of this anniversary, in the
      form "YYYY-MM-DD" (any part may be all 0s for unknown) or a
      [RFC3339] timestamp.

   *  place: Address (optional).  An address associated with this
      anniversary, e.g. the place of birth or death.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

2.6.2.  personalInfo

   Type: Id[PersonalInformation] (optional).

   Defines personal information about the entity represented by this
   card.  A PersonalInformation object has the following properties:

   *  @type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type of this object.
      This MUST be PersonalInformation.

   *  type: String (mandatory).  Specifies the type for this personal
      information.  Allowed values are:

      -  expertise: a field of expertise or credential

      -  hobby: a hobby

      -  interest: an interest

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   *  value: String (mandatory).  The actual information.  This
      generally is free-text, but future specifications MAY restrict
      allowed values depending on the type of this PersonalInformation.

   *  level: String (optional) Indicates the level of expertise, or
      engagement in hobby or interest.  Allowed values are: high, medium
      and low.

   *  label: String (optional).  A label describing the value in more
      detail.

2.6.3.  notes

   Type: String (optional).

   Arbitrary notes about the entity represented by this card.

2.6.4.  categories

   Type: String[Boolean] (optional).  The set of free-text or URI
   categories that relate to the card.  The set is represented as an
   object, with each key being a category.  The value for each key in
   the object MUST be true.

2.6.5.  timeZones

   Type: String[TimeZone] (optional).  Maps identifiers of custom time
   zones to their time zone definitions.  For a description of this
   property see the timeZones property definition in [RFC8984].

3.  CardGroup

   MIME type: application/jscontact+json;type=cardgroup

   A CardGroup object represents a group of cards.  Its members may be
   Cards or CardGroups.

3.1.  Group properties

3.1.1.  @type

   Type: String (mandatory).

   Specifies the type of this object.  This MUST be CardGroup.

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3.1.2.  uid

   Type: String (mandatory).  The uid of this group.  Both CardGroup and
   Card share the same namespace for the uid property.

3.1.3.  members

   Type: String[Boolean] (mandatory).  The members of this group.

   The set is represented as an object, with each key being the uid of
   another Card or CardGroup.  The value for each key in the object MUST
   be true.

3.1.4.  name

   Type: String (optional).  The user-visible name for the group, e.g.
   "Friends".  This may be any UTF-8 string of at least 1 character in
   length and maximum 255 octets in size.  The same name may be used by
   two different groups.

3.1.5.  card

   Type: Card (optional).  The card that represents this group.

4.  Implementation Status

   NOTE: Please remove this section and the reference to [RFC7942] prior
   to publication as an RFC.  This section records the status of known
   implementations of the protocol defined by this specification at the
   time of posting of this Internet-Draft, and is based on a proposal
   described in [RFC7942].  The description of implementations in this
   section is intended to assist the IETF in its decision processes in
   progressing drafts to RFCs.  Please note that the listing of any
   individual implementation here does not imply endorsement by the
   IETF.  Furthermore, no effort has been spent to verify the
   information presented here that was supplied by IETF contributors.
   This is not intended as, and must not be construed to be, a catalog
   of available implementations or their features.  Readers are advised
   to note that other implementations may exist.  According to
   [RFC7942], "this will allow reviewers and working groups to assign
   due consideration to documents that have the benefit of running code,
   which may serve as evidence of valuable experimentation and feedback
   that have made the implemented protocols more mature.  It is up to
   the individual working groups to use this information as they see
   fit".

4.1.  IIT-CNR/Registro.it

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   *  Responsible Organization: Institute of Informatics and Telematics
      of National Research Council (IIT-CNR)/Registro.it

   *  Location: https://rdap.pubtest.nic.it/
      (https://rdap.pubtest.nic.it/)

   *  Description: This implementation includes support for RDAP queries
      using data from the public test environment of .it ccTLD.  The
      RDAP server returns responses including Card in place of jCard
      when queries contain the parameter jscard=1.

   *  Level of Maturity: This is an "alpha" test implementation.

   *  Coverage: This implementation includes all of the features
      described in this specification.

   *  Contact Information: Mario Loffredo, mario.loffredo@iit.cnr.it

5.  IANA Considerations

   TBD

6.  Security Considerations

   TBD

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2046]  Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", RFC 2046,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2046, November 1996,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2046>.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4122]  Leach, P., Mealling, M., and R. Salz, "A Universally
              Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace", RFC 4122,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4122, July 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4122>.

   [RFC5646]  Phillips, A., Ed. and M. Davis, Ed., "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", BCP 47, RFC 5646, DOI 10.17487/RFC5646,
              September 2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5646>.

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   [RFC5870]  Mayrhofer, A. and C. Spanring, "A Uniform Resource
              Identifier for Geographic Locations ('geo' URI)",
              RFC 5870, DOI 10.17487/RFC5870, June 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5870>.

   [RFC6350]  Perreault, S., "vCard Format Specification", RFC 6350,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6350, August 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6350>.

   [RFC6351]  Perreault, S., "xCard: vCard XML Representation",
              RFC 6351, DOI 10.17487/RFC6351, August 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6351>.

   [RFC6901]  Bryan, P., Ed., Zyp, K., and M. Nottingham, Ed.,
              "JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Pointer", RFC 6901,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6901, April 2013,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6901>.

   [RFC7095]  Kewisch, P., "jCard: The JSON Format for vCard", RFC 7095,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7095, January 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7095>.

   [RFC7493]  Bray, T., Ed., "The I-JSON Message Format", RFC 7493,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7493, March 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7493>.

   [RFC7942]  Sheffer, Y. and A. Farrel, "Improving Awareness of Running
              Code: The Implementation Status Section", BCP 205,
              RFC 7942, DOI 10.17487/RFC7942, July 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8259]  Bray, T., Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data
              Interchange Format", STD 90, RFC 8259,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, December 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8259>.

   [RFC8984]  Jenkins, N. and R. Stepanek, "JSCalendar: A JSON
              Representation of Calendar Data", RFC 8984,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8984, July 2021,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8984>.

7.2.  Informative References

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   [RFC3261]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
              A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
              Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3261, June 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3261>.

   [RFC3339]  Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet:
              Timestamps", RFC 3339, DOI 10.17487/RFC3339, July 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3339>.

   [RFC3966]  Schulzrinne, H., "The tel URI for Telephone Numbers",
              RFC 3966, DOI 10.17487/RFC3966, December 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3966>.

   [RFC3986]  Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
              Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66,
              RFC 3986, DOI 10.17487/RFC3986, January 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3986>.

   [RFC4648]  Josefsson, S., "The Base16, Base32, and Base64 Data
              Encodings", RFC 4648, DOI 10.17487/RFC4648, October 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4648>.

   [RFC5322]  Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5322, October 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5322>.

   [RFC6473]  Saint-Andre, P., "vCard KIND:application", RFC 6473,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6473, December 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6473>.

   [RFC6474]  Li, K. and B. Leiba, "vCard Format Extensions: Place of
              Birth, Place and Date of Death", RFC 6474,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6474, December 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6474>.

   [RFC6715]  Cauchie, D., Leiba, B., and K. Li, "vCard Format
              Extensions: Representing vCard Extensions Defined by the
              Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Converged Address Book (CAB)
              Group", RFC 6715, DOI 10.17487/RFC6715, August 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6715>.

   [RFC6869]  Salgueiro, G., Clarke, J., and P. Saint-Andre, "vCard
              KIND:device", RFC 6869, DOI 10.17487/RFC6869, February
              2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6869>.

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   [RFC8605]  Hollenbeck, S. and R. Carney, "vCard Format Extensions:
              ICANN Extensions for the Registration Data Access Protocol
              (RDAP)", RFC 8605, DOI 10.17487/RFC8605, May 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8605>.

Authors' Addresses

   Robert Stepanek
   FastMail
   PO Box 234, Collins St West
   Melbourne  VIC 8007
   Australia
   Email: rsto@fastmailteam.com

   Mario Loffredo
   IIT-CNR
   Via Moruzzi,1
   56124 Pisa
   Italy
   Email: mario.loffredo@iit.cnr.it

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