vCard Format Extension for JSContact
draft-ietf-calext-vcard-jscontact-extensions-07

Calendaring Extensions                                       R. Stepanek
Internet-Draft                                                  Fastmail
Updates: 6350 (if approved)                                  M. Loffredo
Intended status: Standards Track                                 IIT-CNR
Expires: 4 December 2023                                     2 June 2023

                  vCard Format Extension for JSContact
            draft-ietf-calext-vcard-jscontact-extensions-07

Abstract

   This document defines a set of new properties for vCard and extends
   the use of existing ones.  Their primary purpose is to align the same
   set of features between the JSContact and vCard formats, but the new
   definitions also aim to be useful within just the vCard format.  This
   document updates RFC 6350 (vCard).

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 4 December 2023.

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   Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

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   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
   Contributions published or made publicly available before November
   10, 2008.  The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this
   material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow
   modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process.
   Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling
   the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified
   outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may
   not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format
   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
   than English.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Notational Conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.2.  ABNF Notations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  New Properties  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  CONTACT-BY Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.2.  CREATED Property  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     2.3.  DEFLANGUAGE Property  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     2.4.  GRAMGENDER Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     2.5.  PRONOUNS Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     2.6.  SOCIALPROFILE Property  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   3.  New Parameters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     3.1.  AUTHOR Parameter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     3.2.  AUTHOR-NAME Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     3.3.  CREATED Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     3.4.  DERIVED Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     3.5.  RANKS Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
     3.6.  PROP-ID Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     3.7.  SERVICE-TYPE Parameter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     3.8.  USERNAME Parameter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   4.  New Values  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     4.1.  Billing Address Type Value  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     4.2.  Delivery Address Type Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17

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1.  Introduction

   The JSContact [I-D.ietf-calext-jscontact] format aims to be an
   alternative to the vCard [RFC6350] format for representation of
   contact and address book data.  As such, it introduces new semantics
   that are not covered in the current definition of vCard and its
   various extensions.  Converting contact data between the two formats
   is defined in [I-D.ietf-calext-jscontact-vcard] with the goal of not
   losing any semantics during conversion.  In order to do so, this
   document defines a new set of properties for vCard and extends
   existing definitions.

1.1.  Notational Conventions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

1.2.  ABNF Notations

   The ABNF definitions in this document use the notations of [RFC5234].
   ABNF rules not defined in this document either are defined in
   [RFC5234] (such as the ABNF for CRLF, WSP, DQUOTE, VCHAR, ALPHA, and
   DIGIT) or [RFC6350].

2.  New Properties

2.1.  CONTACT-BY Property

   Property name:  CONTACT-BY

   Purpose:  This property defines which contact channels the entity
      associated with this vCard prefers to be contacted with.

   Value type:  A single text value, restricted to an enumerated list of
      allowed values.

   Cardinality:  *

   Property parameters:  The PREF parameter defines the preference of
      this contact channel in relation to other contact channels.  The
      TYPE parameter defines when to use this preference.

   Description:  This defines an order of preferences for contact

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      channels.  The contact channels supported in this specification
      are phone numbers, email, instant messaging and postal delivery.
      They are identified by the name of the respective vCard property.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

      contactby  = "CONTACT-BY"
                          *(";" contactby-param )
                            ":" contactby-value

      contactby-param  = type-param / pref-param / any-param

      contactby-value = "ADR" / "EMAIL" / "IMPP" / "TEL" /
                                   x-name

   Example(s):
      CONTACT-BY;TYPE=work;PREF=1:EMAIL
      CONTACT-BY;TYPE=work;PREF=2:TEL
      CONTACT-BY;TYPE=home:TEL

2.2.  CREATED Property

   Property name:  CREATED

   Purpose:  This property defines the date and time when the vCard was
      created

   Value type:  A single timestamp value.

   Cardinality:  *1

   Property parameters:  VALUE

   Description:  This is the time stamp when the vCard was created.
      Copying the vCard across systems does not count as a new creation,
      nor does a new revision.  Instead, the time stamp value typically
      stays unchanged for the existence of the vCard.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

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      created       = "CREATED" createdparam ":" timestamp

      createdparam  = *(
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" "VALUE" "=" "timestamp") /
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; and MAY occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" any-param)
                       ;
                       )

   Example(s):
      CREATED:20220705093412Z
      CREATED;VALUE=TIMESTAMP:20211022T140000-05

2.3.  DEFLANGUAGE Property

   Property name:  DEFLANGUAGE

   Purpose:  This property defines the default language that human-
      readable text values in this vCard should be assumed written in.

   Value type:  A single Language-Tag value as defined in Section 4 of
      [RFC6350].

   Cardinality:  *1

   Property parameters:  The LANGUAGE parameter MUST NOT be assigned to
      this property.

   Description:  This property defines the language in which property
      values of type TEXT shall be assumed to be written for this vCard.
      If a vCard property includes the LANGUAGE parameter, then the
      parameter value has higher precedence than the DEFLANGUAGE
      property value.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

      deflanguage       = "DEFLANGUAGE" any-param ":" Language-Tag
                     ; Language-Tag is defined in RFC6350, Section 4.

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   Example(s):
      DEFLANGUAGE:de-AT

2.4.  GRAMGENDER Property

   Property name:  GRAMGENDER

   Purpose:  This property defines which grammatical gender to use in
      salutations and other grammatical constructs.

   Value type:  A single text value, restricted to an enumerated list of
      allowed values.

   Cardinality:  *

   Property parameters:  LANG

   Description:  This property defines the grammatical gender that the
      contact prefers to be addressed by or referred at in written or
      spoken form.  For example, the German language distinguishes by
      grammatical gender in salutations such as "Sehr geehrte"
      (feminine) and "Sehr geehrter" (masculine).  Multiple occurrences
      of this property MUST be distinguished by the LANG parameter.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

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      gramgender       = "GRAMGENDER" gramgender-param
                            ":" gramgender-value

      gramgender-param =
                      *(
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" language-param) /
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; and MAY occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" any-param)
                       ;
                       )

      gramgender-value = "animate" /
                         "common" /
                         "feminine" /
                         "inanimate" /
                         "masculine" /
                         "neuter" /
                         iana-token /
                         x-name

   Example(s):
      GRAMGENDER:neuter

2.5.  PRONOUNS Property

   Property name:  PRONOUNS

   Purpose:  This property defines the pronouns that shall be used to
      refer to the entity represented by this vCard.

   Value type:  A single text value.

   Cardinality:  *

   Property parameters:  LANG, PREF, TYPE

   Description:  This property contains the pronouns that the contact
      chooses to use for themselves.  The value is free-form text.
      These pronouns shall be used when addressing or referring to the
      contact.  Multiple occurrences of this property MAY define
      pronouns for multiple languages, preferences and contexts.

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      Multiple pronouns in the same language SHOULD use the PREF
      parameter, otherwise the order of preference is implementation-
      specific.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

      pronouns       = "PRONOUNS" pronouns-param ":" text

      pronouns-param =
                      *(
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; but MUST NOT occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" language-param) /
                       (";" pref-param) /
                       (";" type-param) /
                       (";" altid-param) /
                       ;
                       ; The following are OPTIONAL,
                       ; and MAY occur more than once.
                       ;
                       (";" any-param)
                       ;
                       )

   Example(s):
      PRONOUNS;LANG=en;PREF=1:xe/xir
      PRONOUNS;LANG=en;PREF=2:they/them

2.6.  SOCIALPROFILE Property

   Property name:  SOCIALPROFILE

   Purpose:  To specify the URI or username for social media profiles
      associated with the object the vCard represents.

   Value type:  A single URI or TEXT value.  The default value type is
      URI.

   Cardinality:  *

   Property parameters:  The SERVICE-TYPE parameter MUST be assigned to
      this property if the value type is TEXT, it MAY be assigned if the
      value type is URI.  In either case, it MUST NOT be assigned more
      than once.

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   Description:  Several vCard address book implementations currently
      use an experimental X-SOCIALPROFILE property to store social media
      profiles for contacts.  This specification provides an IANA-
      registered property for the same purpose.  In addition to the
      typical use of this property with URI values, it also allows
      setting usernames for social media services as free-text TEXT
      values, in which case the service name MUST be provided as a
      parameter.  Names MUST be considered equal if they match case-
      insensitively.

   Format definition:  This property is defined by the following
      notation:

      socialpr       = "SOCIALPROFILE" socialpr-param ":"
                                       socialpr-value

      socialpr-param = "VALUE=uri" / "VALUE=text" /
                       service-type-param / any-param

      socialpr-value = URI / text

   Example(s):
      SOCIALPROFILE;SERVICE-TYPE=Mastodon:https://example.com/@foo
      SOCIALPROFILE:https://example.com/ietf
      SOCIALPROFILE;SERVICE-TYPE=SomeSite;VALUE=text:peter94

3.  New Parameters

3.1.  AUTHOR Parameter

   Parameter name:  AUTHOR

   Purpose:  This parameter identifies the author of the associated
      property value.

   Description:  This parameter MAY be set on any property where
      conveying authorship is desired.  It identifies the author as a
      URI [RFC3986].  Since every valid URI includes the COLON (U+003A)
      character, the parameter value MUST be quoted.  Note that as an
      alternative or in addition to this parameter, the AUTHOR-NAME
      parameter allows naming an author as free-text value (see
      Section 3.2).

   Format definition:
      author-param    = "AUTHOR" "=" DQUOTE URI DQUOTE

   Example(s):
      NOTE;AUTHOR="mailto:john@example.com":This is some note.

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3.2.  AUTHOR-NAME Parameter

   Parameter name:  AUTHOR-NAME

   Purpose:  This parameter names the author of the associated property
      value.

   Description:  This parameter MAY be set on any property where
      conveying authorship is desired.  It names the author as a free-
      text value.  The parameter value MUST NOT be empty.
      Implementations MUST take care to quote the name part, if
      otherwise the part would not be a valid param-value (see
      Section 3.3 of [RFC6350]).  Note that as an alternative or in
      addition to this parameter, the AUTHOR parameter allows
      identifying an author by URI (see Section 3.1).

   Format definition:
      author-name-param    = "AUTHOR-NAME" "=" param-value ; not empty

   Example(s):
      NOTE;AUTHOR-NAME=John Doe:This is some note.
      NOTE;AUTHOR-NAME="_:l33tHckr:_":A note by an unusual author name.

3.3.  CREATED Parameter

   Parameter name:  CREATED

   Purpose:  This parameter defines the date and time when a property
      was created in a vCard.

   Description:  This parameter MAY be set on any property to define the
      point in time when the property was created.  The value MUST be a
      valid TIMESTAMP value as defined in Section 4.3.5 of [RFC6350].
      Generally, updating a property value SHOULD NOT change the
      creation timestamp.

   Format definition:
      created-param = "CREATED" "=" param-value ;
                   ; a valid TIMESTAMP of Section 4.3.5 of [RFC6350]

   Example(s):
      NOTE;CREATED=20221122T151823Z:This is some note.

3.4.  DERIVED Parameter

   Parameter name:  DERIVED

   Purpose:  This parameter specifies that the value of the associated

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      property is derived from some other property value or values.

   Description:  This property parameter MAY be specified on any
      property when the value is derived from some other property or
      properties.  When present with a value of true, clients MUST NOT
      update the property.

      For an example, an implementation may derive the value of the FN
      property from the name components of the N property.  It indicates
      this by setting the DERIVED parameter on the FN property to true.

   Format definition:
      derived-param    = "DERIVED" "=" ("true" / "false")
      ; Default is false

   Example(s):
      N:;John;Quinlan;Mr.;
      FN;DERIVED=TRUE:Mr.  John Quinlan

3.5.  RANKS Parameter

   Parameter name:  RANKS

   Purpose:  This parameter specifies a ranking among the name
      components of a vCard N property value.

   Description:  The RANKS parameter on an N property assigns a rank
      among the same-typed name components of an N property value.  Some
      cultures assign ranks to name components, such as a _first_ and a
      _second_ surname, or people might prefer to go by their second
      given name.  But the N property value does not allow inferring a
      culturally or otherwise significant rank from the order in which
      same-typed name components are stored in it.

      The parameter value is structurally equivalent to the multivalued
      N property value: ranks of different name component types are
      separated by semicolon, ranks among the same-typed name components
      are separated by comma.  The rank is an integer number larger than
      or equal to 1 and indicates the first or nth rank.  Its location
      within the RANKS parameter value ranks the name component value at
      that same position within the N property value.  An empty or
      absent rank indicates that the rank of its related name component
      value is undefined.  If the RANKS parameter is set, its value MUST
      NOT be the empty string.

   Format definition:
      NONZERO-DIGIT   = %x31-39 ; "1" to "9"

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      ranks-param     = ranks-component *4(";" ranks-component)
      ranks-component = rank *("," rank)
      rank            = (NONZERO-DIGIT *DIGIT) / ""

   Example(s):  This example assigns ranks to two surnames.  The
      culturally first surname is Rodriguez but it appears at the second
      position in the N property.  Accordingly the RANKS parameter
      assigns rank 1 to the second entry in the surname name component.
      It also assigns rank 2 to the first entry in the same name
      component.  It does not assign any rank to the personal name or
      any other name components.

      N;RANKS="2,1":Gómez,Rodriguez;Pablo;;;

   Example(s):  This example assigns ranks to both the surname and
      personal name components.  The writer "Dame Mary Barbara Hamilton
      Cartland" published most of her work under the "Barbara Cartland"
      and this is reflected in the ranks.  The RANKS parameter assigns
      rank 1 to the second entry in the surname name component.  It
      leaves the rank of "Hamilton" undefined.  Similarly, it assigns
      rank 1 to the second entry in the personal name component and
      leaves "Mary" unranked.  There is no rank assigned to the
      honorific prefix "Dame".

      N;RANKS=",1;,1":Hamilton,Cartland;Mary,Barbara;;Dame;

3.6.  PROP-ID Parameter

   Parameter name:  PROP-ID

   Purpose:  This parameter identifies a property among all its siblings
      of the same property name.

   Description:  This parameter uniquely identifies a property among all
      of its siblings with the same name within a vCard.  A valid PROP-
      ID value must be of 1 and a maximum of 255 octets in size, and it
      MUST only contain the ASCII alphanumeric characters (A-Za-z0-9),
      hyphen (-), and underscore (_).  The identifier only has the
      purpose to uniquely identify siblings, its value has no other
      meaning.  If an application makes use of PROP-ID it SHOULD assign
      a unique identifier to each sibling property of the same name
      within their embedding component.  The same identifier MAY be used
      for properties of a different name, and it MAY also be assigned to
      a same-named property that is not a sibling.

      Resolving duplicate identifier conflicts is specific to the
      application.  Similarly, handling properties where some but not
      all siblings have a PROP-ID is assigned, is application-specific.

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   Format definition:
      prop-id-param  = "PROP-ID" "=" 1*255(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-"/ "_")

   Example(s):
      PHOTO;PROP-ID=p827:data:image/jpeg;base64,MIICajCCAdOgAwIBAg
              <...remainder of base64-encoded data...>

3.7.  SERVICE-TYPE Parameter

   Parameter name:  SERVICE-TYPE

   Purpose:  To define the online service name associated with a
      messaging or social media profile.

   Description:  This parameter MAY be specified on a IMPP or
      SOCIALPROFILE property to name the online service associated with
      that property value.  Its value is case-sensitive, its letter
      cases MUST be preserved.

      Several vCard address book implementations currently use an
      experimental X-SERVICE-TYPE parameter.  This specification
      provides an IANA-registered parameter for the same purpose.

   Format definition:
      service-type-param    = "SERVICE-TYPE" "=" param-value

   Example(s):
      SOCIALPROFILE;SERVICE-TYPE=Mastodon:https://example.com/@foo

3.8.  USERNAME Parameter

   Parameter name:  USERNAME

   Purpose:  To define a user name, such as the user of a messaging or
      social media service.

   Description:  This parameter MAY be specified on a IMPP or
      SOCIALPROFILE property to name the user with that property value.
      Its value is case-sensitive, its letter cases MUST be preserved.
      The IMPP or SOCIALPROFILE value type MUST be URI.

   Format definition:
      username-param    = "USERNAME" "=" param-value

   Example(s):
      SOCIALPROFILE;USERNAME="The Foo":https://example.com/@foo

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4.  New Values

4.1.  Billing Address Type Value

   Value:  billing

   Purpose:  This indicates to use this address for billing, e.g. to
      send invoices to.

   Conformance:  This value can be used with the "TYPE" parameter
      applied on the "ADR" property.

   Example(s):
      ADR;TYPE=billing:;;123 Main Street;Any Town;CA;91921-1234;U.S.A.

4.2.  Delivery Address Type Value

   Value:  delivery

   Purpose:  This indicates to use this address for delivery, e.g. to
      send packages to.

   Conformance:  This value can be used with the "TYPE" parameter
      applied on the "ADR" property.

   Example(s):
      ADR;TYPE=delivery:;;123 Main Street;Any Town;CA;91921-1234;U.S.A.

5.  Security Considerations

   This specification extends the vCard Format Specification.  The same
   security considerations as outlined in Section 9 of [RFC6350] apply.

6.  IANA Considerations

   IANA is requested to add the following entries to the "vCard
   Properties" registry, defined in Section 10.3.1. of [RFC6350].

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        +===========+===============+============================+
        | Namespace | Property      | Reference                  |
        +===========+===============+============================+
        |           | CONTACT-BY    | This document, Section 2.1 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+
        |           | CREATED       | This document, Section 2.2 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+
        |           | DEFLANGUAGE   | This document, Section 2.3 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+
        |           | GRAMGENDER    | This document, Section 2.4 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+
        |           | PRONOUNS      | This document, Section 2.5 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+
        |           | SOCIALPROFILE | This document, Section 2.6 |
        +-----------+---------------+----------------------------+

                      Table 1: New VCARD Properties

   IANA is requested to add the following entries to the "vCard
   Parameters" registry, defined in Section 10.3.2. of [RFC6350].

         +===========+==============+============================+
         | Namespace | Parameter    | Reference                  |
         +===========+==============+============================+
         |           | AUTHOR       | This document, Section 3.1 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | AUTHOR-NAME  | This document, Section 3.2 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | CREATED      | This document, Section 3.3 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | DERIVED      | This document, Section 3.4 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | PROP-ID      | This document, Section 3.6 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | RANKS        | This document, Section 3.5 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | SERVICE-TYPE | This document, Section 3.7 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+
         |           | USERNAME     | This document, Section 3.8 |
         +-----------+--------------+----------------------------+

                       Table 2: New VCARD Parameters

   IANA is requested to add the following entries to the "vCard Property
   Values" registry, defined in Section 10.3.4. of [RFC6350].

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          +============+===========+============================+
          | Property   | Value     | Reference                  |
          +============+===========+============================+
          | GRAMGENDER | animate   | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+
          | GRAMGENDER | common    | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+
          | GRAMGENDER | feminine  | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+
          | GRAMGENDER | inanimate | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+
          | GRAMGENDER | masculine | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+
          | GRAMGENDER | neuter    | This document, Section 2.4 |
          +------------+-----------+----------------------------+

                     Table 3: New VCARD Property Values

   IANA is requested to add the following entries to the "vCard
   Parameter Values" registry, defined in Section 10.3.4. of [RFC6350].

     +==========+===========+==========+============================+
     | Property | Parameter | Value    | Reference                  |
     +==========+===========+==========+============================+
     | ADR      | TYPE      | billing  | This document, Section 4.1 |
     +----------+-----------+----------+----------------------------+
     | ADR      | TYPE      | delivery | This document, Section 4.2 |
     +----------+-----------+----------+----------------------------+

                    Table 4: New VCARD Property Values

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-calext-jscontact]
              Stepanek, R. and M. Loffredo, "JSContact: A JSON
              representation of contact data", Work in Progress,
              Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-calext-jscontact-10, 19 April
              2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
              calext-jscontact-10>.

   [I-D.ietf-calext-jscontact-vcard]
              Loffredo, M. and R. Stepanek, "JSContact: Converting from
              and to vCard", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-
              ietf-calext-jscontact-vcard-08, 19 April 2023,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-calext-
              jscontact-vcard-08>.

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Internet-Draft         vCard JSContact Extensions              June 2023

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3986]  Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R., and L. Masinter, "Uniform
              Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax", STD 66,
              RFC 3986, DOI 10.17487/RFC3986, January 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3986>.

   [RFC5234]  Crocker, D., Ed. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
              Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5234, January 2008,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5234>.

   [RFC6350]  Perreault, S., "vCard Format Specification", RFC 6350,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6350, August 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6350>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

Authors' Addresses

   Robert Stepanek
   Fastmail
   PO Box 234, Collins St West
   Melbourne  VIC 8007
   Australia
   Email: rsto@fastmailteam.com

   Mario Loffredo
   IIT-CNR
   Via Moruzzi,1
   56124 Pisa
   Italy
   Email: mario.loffredo@iit.cnr.it

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