ML-DSA for JOSE and COSE
draft-ietf-cose-dilithium-02
| Document | Type | Active Internet-Draft (cose WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Michael Prorock , Orie Steele , Rafael Misoczki , Michael Osborne , Christine Cloostermans | ||
| Last updated | 2024-01-12 | ||
| Replaces | draft-ietf-cose-post-quantum-signatures | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Intended RFC status | (None) | ||
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draft-ietf-cose-dilithium-02
CBOR Object Signing and Encryption M. Prorock
Internet-Draft mesur.io
Intended status: Standards Track O. Steele
Expires: 15 July 2024 Transmute
R. Misoczki
Google
M. Osborne
IBM
C. Cloostermans
NXP
12 January 2024
ML-DSA for JOSE and COSE
draft-ietf-cose-dilithium-02
Abstract
This document describes JOSE and COSE serializations for ML-DSA,
which was derived from Dilithium, a Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC)
based digital signature scheme.
This document does not define any new cryptography, only
seralizations of existing cryptographic systems described in
[FIPS-204].
Note to RFC Editor: This document should not proceed to AUTH48 until
NIST completes paramater tuning and selection as a part of the PQC
(https://csrc.nist.gov/projects/post-quantum-cryptography)
standardization process.
About This Document
This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.
The latest revision of this draft can be found at https://cose-
wg.github.io/draft-ietf-cose-dilithium/draft-ietf-cose-
dilithium.html. Status information for this document may be found at
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-cose-dilithium/.
Discussion of this document takes place on the CBOR Object Signing
and Encryption Working Group mailing list (mailto:cose@ietf.org),
which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/cose/.
Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cose/.
Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
https://github.com/cose-wg/draft-ietf-cose-dilithium.
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Status of This Memo
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provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 15 July 2024.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
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Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
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provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. The ML-DSA Algorithm Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. The ML-DSA Key Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6.1. Additions to Existing Registries . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6.1.1. New COSE Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
6.1.2. New COSE Key Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.1.3. New JOSE Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6.1.4. New JOSE Key Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Appendix A. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
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A.1. JOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
A.1.1. Key Pair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
A.1.2. Thumbprint URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
A.1.3. JSON Web Signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
A.2. COSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
A.2.1. Key Pair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
A.2.2. Thumbprint URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
A.2.3. COSE Sign 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1. Introduction
ML-DSA is derived from Version 3.1 of CRYSTALS-DILITHIUM, as noted in
[FIPS-204].
CRYSTALS-DILITHIUM is one of the post quantum cryptography algorithms
selected in [NIST-PQC-2022].
TODO: Add complete examples for ML-DSA-44, ML-DSA-65, ML-DSA-87.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
3. The ML-DSA Algorithm Family
The ML-DSA Signature Scheme is paramaterized to support different
security level.
This document requests the registration of the following algorithms
in [IANA.jose]:
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+===========+===========+=========================+
| Name | alg | Description |
+===========+===========+=========================+
| ML-DSA-44 | ML-DSA-44 | JSON Web Signature |
| | | Algorithm for ML-DSA-44 |
+-----------+-----------+-------------------------+
| ML-DSA-65 | ML-DSA-65 | JSON Web Signature |
| | | Algorithm for ML-DSA-65 |
+-----------+-----------+-------------------------+
| ML-DSA-87 | ML-DSA-87 | JSON Web Signature |
| | | Algorithm for ML-DSA-87 |
+-----------+-----------+-------------------------+
Table 1: JOSE algorithms for ML-DSA
This document requests the registration of the following algorithms
in [IANA.cose]:
+===========+=================+=========================+
| Name | alg | Description |
+===========+=================+=========================+
| ML-DSA-44 | TBD (requested | CBOR Object Signing |
| | assignment -48) | Algorithm for ML-DSA-44 |
+-----------+-----------------+-------------------------+
| ML-DSA-65 | TBD (requested | CBOR Object Signing |
| | assignment -49) | Algorithm for ML-DSA-65 |
+-----------+-----------------+-------------------------+
| ML-DSA-87 | TBD (requested | CBOR Object Signing |
| | assignment -50) | Algorithm for ML-DSA-87 |
+-----------+-----------------+-------------------------+
Table 2: COSE algorithms for ML-DSA
4. The ML-DSA Key Type
Private and Public Keys are produced to enable the sign and verify
opertaions for each of the ML-DSA Algorithms.
This document requests the registration of the following key types in
[IANA.jose]:
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+========+========+===========================+
| Name | kty | Description |
+========+========+===========================+
| ML-DSA | ML-DSA | JSON Web Key Type for the |
| | | ML-DSA Algorithm Family. |
+--------+--------+---------------------------+
Table 3: JSON Web Key Type for ML-DSA
This document requests the registration of the following algorithms
in [IANA.cose]:
+========+==============================+==========================+
| Name | kty | Description |
+========+==============================+==========================+
| ML-DSA | TBD (requested assignment 7) | COSE Key Type for the |
| | | ML-DSA Algorithm Family. |
+--------+------------------------------+--------------------------+
Table 4: COSE Key Type for ML-DSA
5. Security Considerations
TODO Security
6. IANA Considerations
6.1. Additions to Existing Registries
6.1.1. New COSE Algorithms
* Name: ML-DSA-44
* Label: TBD (requested assignment -48)
* Value type: int
* Value registry: [IANA.cose]
* Description: CBOR Object Signing Algorithm for ML-DSA-44
* Name: ML-DSA-65
* Label: TBD (requested assignment -49)
* Value type: int
* Value registry: [IANA.cose]
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* Description: CBOR Object Signing Algorithm for ML-DSA-65
* Name: ML-DSA-87
* Label: TBD (requested assignment -50)
* Value type: int
* Value registry: [IANA.cose]
* Description: CBOR Object Signing Algorithm for ML-DSA-87
6.1.2. New COSE Key Types
* Name: ML-DSA
* Label: TBD (requested assignment 7)
* Value type: int
* Value registry: [IANA.cose]
* Description: COSE Key Type for the ML-DSA Algorithm Family
6.1.3. New JOSE Algorithms
* Name: ML-DSA-44
* Value registry: [IANA.jose] Algorithms
* Description: JSON Web Signature Algorithm for ML-DSA-44
* Name: ML-DSA-65
* Value registry: [IANA.jose] Algorithms
* Description: JSON Web Signature Algorithm for ML-DSA-65
* Name: ML-DSA-87
* Value registry: [IANA.jose] Algorithms
* Description: JSON Web Signature Algorithm for ML-DSA-87
6.1.4. New JOSE Key Types
* Name: ML-DSA
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* Value registry: [IANA.jose] Algorithms
* Description: JSON Web Key Type for the ML-DSA Algorithm Family.
7. References
7.1. Normative References
[IANA.cose]
IANA, "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE)",
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/cose>.
[IANA.jose]
IANA, "JSON Object Signing and Encryption (JOSE)",
<http://www.iana.org/assignments/jose>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.
7.2. Informative References
[FIPS-204] "Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard", n.d.,
<https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/204/ipd>.
[NIST-PQC-2022]
"Selected Algorithms 2022", n.d.,
<https://csrc.nist.gov/Projects/post-quantum-cryptography/
selected-algorithms-2022>.
Appendix A. Examples
A.1. JOSE
A.1.1. Key Pair
{
"kty": "ML-DSA",
"alg": "ML-DSA-44",
"pub": "V53SIdVF...uvw2nuCQ",
"priv": "V53SIdVF...cDKLbsBY"
}
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Figure 1: Example ML-DSA-44 Private JSON Web Key
{
"kty": "ML-DSA",
"alg": "ML-DSA-44",
"pub": "V53SIdVF...uvw2nuCQ"
}
Figure 2: Example ML-DSA-44 Public JSON Web Key
A.1.2. Thumbprint URI
TODO
A.1.3. JSON Web Signature
{
"alg": "ML-DSA-44"
}
Figure 3: Example ML-DSA-44 Decoded Protected Header
eyJhbGciOiJ...LCJraWQiOiI0MiJ9\
.\
eyJpc3MiOiJ1cm46d...XVpZDo0NTYifQ\
.\
5MSEgQ0dZB4SeLC...AAAAAABIhMUE
Figure 4: Example ML-DSA-44 Compact JSON Web Signature
A.2. COSE
A.2.1. Key Pair
{ / COSE Key /
1: 7, / ML-DSA Key Type /
3: -48, / ML-DSA-44 Algorithm /
-13: h'7803c0f9...3f6e2c70', / ML-DSA Private Key /
-14: h'7803c0f9...3bba7abd', / ML-DSA Public Key /
}
Figure 5: Example ML-DSA-44 Private COSE Key
{ / COSE Key /
1: 7, / ML-DSA Key Type /
3: -48, / ML-DSA-44 Algorithm /
-13: h'7803c0f9...3f6e2c70' / ML-DSA Private Key /
}
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Figure 6: Example ML-DSA-44 Public COSE Key
A.2.2. Thumbprint URI
TODO
A.2.3. COSE Sign 1
{ / Protected /
1: -48 / Algorithm /
}
Figure 7: Example ML-DSA-44 COSE Protected Header
18( / COSE Sign 1 /
[
h'a10139d902', / Protected /
{}, / Unprotected /
h'66616b65', / Payload /
h'53e855e8...0f263549' / Signature /
]
)
Figure 8: Example ML-DSA-44 COSE Sign 1
Acknowledgments
TODO acknowledge.
Authors' Addresses
Michael Prorock
mesur.io
Email: mprorock@mesur.io
Orie Steele
Transmute
Email: orie@transmute.industries
Rafael Misoczki
Google
Email: rafaelmisoczki@google.com
Michael Osborne
IBM
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Email: osb@zurich.ibm.com
Christine Cloostermans
NXP
Email: christine.cloostermans@nxp.com
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