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Additional Data Related to an Emergency Call
draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data-33

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 7852.
Authors Randall Gellens , Brian Rosen , Hannes Tschofenig , Roger Marshall , James Winterbottom
Last updated 2015-08-25 (Latest revision 2015-07-20)
Replaces draft-rosen-ecrit-additional-data
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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Stream WG state Submitted to IESG for Publication
Document shepherd Marc Linsner
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Send notices to draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data.ad@ietf.org, draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data@ietf.org, ecrit-chairs@ietf.org, draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data.shepherd@ietf.org, "Marc Linsner" <mlinsner@cisco.com>
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draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data-33
ECRIT                                                         R. Gellens
Internet-Draft                               Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
Intended status: Standards Track                                B. Rosen
Expires: January 20, 2016                                        NeuStar
                                                           H. Tschofenig

                                                             R. Marshall
                                         TeleCommunication Systems, Inc.
                                                         J. Winterbottom

                                                           July 19, 2015

              Additional Data Related to an Emergency Call
                draft-ietf-ecrit-additional-data-33.txt

Abstract

   When an emergency call is sent to a Public Safety Answering Point
   (PSAP), the originating device, the access network provider to which
   the device is connected, and all service providers in the path of the
   call have information about the call, the caller or the location
   which is helpful for the PSAP to have in handling the emergency.
   This document describes data structures and mechanisms to convey such
   data to the PSAP.  The intent is that every emergency call carry the
   information described here using the mechanisms described here.

   The mechanisms permit the data to be conveyed by reference (as an
   external resource) or by value (within the body of a SIP message or a
   location object).  This follows the tradition of prior emergency
   services standardization work where data can be conveyed by value
   within the call signaling (i.e., in the body of the SIP message) or
   by reference.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 20, 2016.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   3.  Document Scope  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.  Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.1.  Data Provider Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       4.1.1.  Data Provider String  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       4.1.2.  Data Provider ID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
       4.1.3.  Data Provider ID Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       4.1.4.  Type of Data Provider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       4.1.5.  Data Provider Contact URI . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
       4.1.6.  Data Provider Languages(s) Supported  . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.7.  xCard of Data Provider  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.8.  Subcontractor Principal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
       4.1.9.  Subcontractor Priority  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
       4.1.10. ProviderInfo Example  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     4.2.  Service Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
       4.2.1.  Service Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
       4.2.2.  Service Type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
       4.2.3.  Service Mobility Environment  . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       4.2.4.  EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo Example . . . . . . . .  21
     4.3.  Device Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       4.3.1.  Device Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       4.3.2.  Device Manufacturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       4.3.3.  Device Model Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
       4.3.4.  Unique Device Identifier  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
       4.3.5.  Device/Service-Specific Additional Data Structure . .  25
       4.3.6.  Device/Service Specific Additional Data Structure
               Type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
       4.3.7.  Issues with getting new types of data into use  . . .  26

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       4.3.8.  Choosing between defining a new type of block or new
               type of device/service specific additional data . . .  27
       4.3.9.  EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo Example  . . . . . . . .  28
     4.4.  Owner/Subscriber Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
       4.4.1.  Subscriber Data Privacy Indicator . . . . . . . . . .  28
       4.4.2.  xCard for Subscriber's Data . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
       4.4.3.  EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo Example  . . . . . .  30
     4.5.  Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
       4.5.1.  Comment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
       4.5.2.  EmergencyCallData.Comment Example . . . . . . . . . .  32
   5.  Data Transport Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
     5.1.  Transmitting Blocks using the Call-Info Header  . . . . .  34
     5.2.  Transmitting Blocks by Reference using the <provided-by>
           Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
     5.3.  Transmitting Blocks by Value using the <provided-by>
           Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37
     5.4.  The Content-Disposition Parameter . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
   6.  Examples  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
   7.  XML Schemas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  52
     7.1.  EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo XML Schema . . . . . . . .  52
     7.2.  EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo XML Schema  . . . . . . . .  54
     7.3.  EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo XML Schema . . . . . . . . .  55
     7.4.  EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo XML Schema . . . . . . .  57
     7.5.  EmergencyCallData.Comment XML Schema  . . . . . . . . . .  58
     7.6.  provided-by XML Schema  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59
   8.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  61
   9.  Privacy Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  63
   10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  66
     10.1.  Registry creation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  66
       10.1.1.  Provider ID Series Registry  . . . . . . . . . . . .  66
       10.1.2.  Service Environment Registry . . . . . . . . . . . .  66
       10.1.3.  Service Type Registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  67
       10.1.4.  Service Mobility Registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  67
       10.1.5.  Service Provider Type Registry . . . . . . . . . . .  68
       10.1.6.  Device Classification Registry . . . . . . . . . . .  68
       10.1.7.  Device ID Type Type Registry . . . . . . . . . . . .  68
       10.1.8.  Device/Service Data Type Registry  . . . . . . . . .  69
       10.1.9.  Emergency Call Data Types Registry . . . . . . . . .  69
     10.2.  'EmergencyCallData' Purpose Parameter Value  . . . . . .  70
     10.3.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration for <provided-by>
            Registry Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  71
     10.4.  MIME Registrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  71
       10.4.1.  MIME Content-type Registration for
                'application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml' . .  71
       10.4.2.  MIME Content-type Registration for
                'application/EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo+xml'  . .  72
       10.4.3.  MIME Content-type Registration for
                'application/EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml' . . .  73

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       10.4.4.  MIME Content-type Registration for
                'application/EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo+xml' .  74
       10.4.5.  MIME Content-type Registration for
                'application/EmergencyCallData.Comment+xml'  . . . .  75
     10.5.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . .  76
       10.5.1.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData . . . . . .  76
       10.5.2.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInf
                o  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  77
       10.5.3.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo  78
       10.5.4.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo   79
       10.5.5.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberI
                nfo  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  80
       10.5.6.  Registration for
                urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment . .  81
     10.6.  Schema Registrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  82
     10.7.  VCard Parameter Value Registration . . . . . . . . . . .  83
   11. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  83
   12. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  84
     12.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  84
     12.2.  Informational References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  85
     12.3.  URIs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  86
   Appendix A.  XML Schema for vCard/xCard . . . . . . . . . . . . .  87
   Appendix B.  XML Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

1.  Introduction

   When an IP-based emergency call is initiated, a rich set of data from
   multiple data sources is conveyed to the Public Safety Answering
   Point (PSAP).  This data includes information about the calling party
   identity, the multimedia capabilities of the device, the request for
   emergency services, location information, and meta-data about the
   sources of the data.  In addition, the device, the access network
   provider, and any service provider in the call path has even more
   information that is useful for a PSAP when handling an emergency.

   This document extends the basic set of data communicated with an IP-
   based emergency call, as described in [RFC6443] and [RFC6881], in
   order to carry additional data which is useful to an entity or call
   taker handling the call.  This data is "additional" to the basic
   information found in the emergency call signaling used.  The intent
   is that every emergency call carry the information described here
   using the mechanisms described here.

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   This document defines three categories of this additional data that
   can be transmitted with an emergency call:

   Data Associated with a Location:  Primary location data is conveyed
      in the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO)
      data structure as defined in RFC 4119 [RFC4119] and extended by
      RFC 5139 [RFC5139] and RFC 6848 [RFC6848] (for civic location
      information), RFC 5491 [RFC5491] and RFC 5962 [RFC5962] (for
      geodetic location information), and [RFC7035] (for relative
      location).  This primary location data identifies the location or
      estimated location of the caller.  However, there may exist
      additional, secondary data which is specific to the location, such
      as floor plans, tenant and building owner contact data, heating,
      ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) status, etc.  Such
      secondary location data is not included in the location data
      structure but can be transmitted using the mechanisms defined in
      this document.  Although this document does not define any
      structures for such data, future documents may do so following the
      procedures defined here.

   Data Associated with a Call:  While some information is carried in
      the call setup procedure itself (as part of the SIP headers as
      well as in the body of the SIP message), there is additional data
      known by the device making the call, the access network to which
      the device is connected, and service providers along the path of
      the call.  This information includes service provider contact
      information, subscriber identity and contact information, the type
      of service the service provider and the access network provide,
      what type of device is being used, etc.  Some data is broadly
      applicable, while other data is dependent on the type of device or
      service.  For example, a medical monitoring device may have sensor
      data.  The data structures defined in this document (Data Provider
      Information, Device Information, and Owner/Subscriber Information)
      all fall into the category of "Data Associated with a Call".  Note
      that the Owner/Subscriber Information includes the subscriber's
      vCard, which may contain personal information such as birthday,
      anniversary, etc., but the data block itself is still considered
      to be about the call, not the caller.

   Data Associated with a Caller:  This is personal data about a caller,
      such as medical information and emergency contact data.  Although
      this document does not define any structures within this category,
      future documents may do so following the procedures defined here.

   While this document defines data structures only within the category
   of Data Associated with a Call, by establishing the overall framework
   of Additional Data, along with general mechanisms for transport of
   such data, extension points and procedures for future extensions, it

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   minimizes the work needed to carry data in the other categories.
   Other specifications may make use of the facilities provided here.

   For interoperability, there needs to be a common way for the
   information conveyed to a PSAP to be encoded and identified.
   Identification allows emergency services authorities to know during
   call processing which types of data are present and to determine if
   they wish to access it.  A common encoding allows the data to be
   successfully accessed.

   This document defines an extensible set of data structures, and
   mechanisms to transmit this data either by value or by reference,
   either in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) call signaling or in
   the Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO).  The
   data structures are usable by other communication systems and
   transports as well.  The data structures are defined in Section 4,
   and the transport mechanisms (using SIP and HTTPS) are defined in
   Section 5.

   Each data structure described in this document is encoded as a
   "block" of information.  Each block is an XML structure with an
   associated Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) type for
   identification within transport such as SIP and HTTPS.  The set of
   blocks is extensible.  Registries are defined to identify the block
   types that may be used and to allow blocks to be included in
   emergency call signaling.

   Much of the information supplied by service providers and devices is
   private and confidential; service providers and devices generally go
   to lengths to protect this information; disclosing it in the context
   of an emergency call is a trade-off to protect the greater interest
   of the customer in an emergency.

2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

   This document also uses terminology from [RFC5012].  We use the term
   service provider to refer to an Application Service Provider (ASP).
   A Voice Service Provider (VSP) is a special type of ASP.  With the
   term "Access Network Provider" we refer to the Internet Access
   Provider (IAP) and the Internet Service Provider (ISP) without
   further distinguishing these two entities, since the difference
   between the two is not relevant for this document.  Note that the
   roles of ASP and access network provider may be provided by a single
   company.  An Emergency Services Provider is an entity directly

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   involved in providing emergency services.  This includes PSAPs,
   dispatch, police, fire, emergency medical, other responders, and
   other similar agencies.

   Within each data block definition (see Section 4), the values for the
   "Use:" label are specified as one of the following:

   'Required':  means it MUST be present in the data structure.

   'Conditional':  means it MUST be present if the specified
      condition(s) is met.  It MAY be present if the condition(s) is not
      met.

   'Optional':  means it MAY be present.

   vCard [RFC6350] is a data format for representing and exchanging a
   variety of information about individuals and other entities.  For
   applications that use XML, the format defined in vCard is not
   immediately applicable.  For this reason, an XML-based encoding of
   the information elements defined in the vCard specification has been
   defined and the name of that specification is xCard [RFC6351].  Since
   the term vCard is more familiar to most readers, we use the terms
   xCard and vCard interchangeably.

3.  Document Scope

   The scope of this document is explicitly limited to emergency calls.
   The data structures defined here are not appropriate to be conveyed
   with non-emergency calls because they carry sensitive and private
   data.  However, in certain private-use situations where the endpoints
   have a preexisting relationship and privacy issues are addressed
   within the relationship or do not apply because of it, the mechanisms
   and data structures defined here MAY be used.

4.  Data Structures

   This section defines the following five data structures, each as a
   data block.  For each block we define the MIME type, and the XML
   encoding.  The five data structures are:

   'Data Provider':  This block supplies name and contact information
      for the entity that created the data.  Section 4.1 provides the
      details.

   'Service Information':  This block supplies information about the
      service.  The description can be found in Section 4.2.

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   'Device Information':  This block supplies information about the
      device placing the call.  Device information can be found in
      Section 4.3.

   'Owner/Subscriber':  This block supplies information about the owner
      of the device or about the subscriber.  Details can be found in
      Section 4.4.

   'Comment':  This block provides a way to supply free form human
      readable text to the PSAP or emergency responders.  This simple
      structure is defined in Section 4.5.

   Each block contains a mandatory <DataProviderReference> element.  The
   purpose of the <DataProviderReference> element is to associate all
   blocks added by the same data provider as a unit.  The
   <DataProviderReference> element associates the data provider block to
   each of the other blocks added as a unit.  Consequently, when a data
   provider adds additional data to an emergency call (such as device
   information) it MUST add information about itself (via the data
   provider block) and the blocks added contain the same value in the
   <DataProviderReference> element.  All blocks added by a single entity
   at the same time MUST have the same <DataProviderReference> value.
   The value of the <DataProviderReference> element has the same syntax
   and properties (specifically, world-uniqueness) as the value of the
   "Message-ID" message body header field specified in RFC 5322
   [RFC5322] except that the <DataProviderReference> element is not
   enclosed in brackets (the "<" and ">" symbols are omitted).  In other
   words, the value of a <DataProviderReference> element is
   syntactically a msg-id as specified in RFC 5322 [RFC5322].

   Each block is added to the Additional Data Blocks Registry created in
   Section 10.1.9 and categorized as providing data about the caller.
   New blocks added to the registry in the future MUST also be
   categorized per the description of the three categories in Section 1.
   See Section 4.3.7 and Section 4.3.8 for additional considerations
   when adding new blocks or types of data.

   Note that the xCard format is re-used in some of the data structures
   to provide contact information.  In an xCard there is no way to
   specify a "main" telephone number.  These numbers are useful to
   emergency responders who are called to a large enterprise.  This
   document adds a new property value to the "tel" property of the TYPE
   parameter called "main".  It can be used in any xCard in additional
   data.

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4.1.  Data Provider Information

   This block is intended to be supplied by any service provider in the
   path of the call, or the access network provider, and the device.  It
   includes identification and contact information.  This block MUST be
   supplied by any entity that provides any other block; it SHOULD be
   supplied by every service provider in the call path and by the access
   network provider if those entities do not add any other blocks.
   Devices SHOULD use this block to provide identifying information.
   The MIME subtype is "application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml".
   An access network provider SHOULD provide this block either by value
   or by reference in the <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO

4.1.1.  Data Provider String

   Data Element:  Data Provider String

   Use:  Conditional.  Optional for blocks supplied by the originating
      device, mandatory otherwise.

   XML Element:  <DataProviderString>

   Description:  This is a plain text string suitable for displaying the
      name of the service provider that supplied the data structure.  If
      the device creates the structure, it SHOULD use the value of the
      contact header in the SIP INVITE.

   Reason for Need:  Inform the call taker of the identity of the entity
      providing the data.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Allows the call taker to interpret the data
      in this structure.  The source of the information often influences
      how the information is used, believed or verified.

4.1.2.  Data Provider ID

   Data Element:  Data Provider ID

   Use:  Conditional.  Optional for blocks supplied by the originating
      device, mandatory otherwise.  This data MUST be provided by all
      entities other than the originating device in order to uniquely
      identify the service provider or access provider.

   XML Element:  <ProviderID>

   Description:  A jurisdiction-specific code for, or the fully-
      qualified domain name of, the access network provider or service
      provider shown in the <DataProvidedBy> element that created the

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      structure.  NOTE: The value SHOULD be assigned by an organization
      appropriate for the jurisdiction.  In the U.S., if the provider is
      registered with NENA, the provider's NENA Company ID MUST appear
      here.  Additional information can be found at NENA Company
      Identifier Program [1] or NENA Company ID [2].  The NENA Company
      ID MUST be in the form of a URI in the following format:
      urn:nena:companyid:<NENA Company ID>.  If the organization does
      not have an identifier registered with a jurisdiction-specific
      emergency services registrar (such as NENA), then the value MAY be
      the fully-qualified domain name of the service provider or access
      provider.  The device MAY use its IP address or fully-qualified
      domain name (and set the "Data Provider ID Series" element to
      "domain").

   Reason for Need:  Inform the call taker of the identity of the entity
      providing the data.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Where jurisdictions have lists of providers
      the Data Provider ID provides useful information about the data
      source.  The Data Provider ID uniquely identifies the source of
      the data, which might be needed especially during unusual
      circumstances and for routine logging.

4.1.3.  Data Provider ID Series

   Data Element:  Data Provider ID Series

   Use:  Conditional.  Optional for blocks supplied by the originating
      device, mandatory otherwise.

   XML Element:  <ProviderIDSeries>

   Description:  Identifies the issuer of the <ProviderID>.  The
      Provider ID Series Registry created in Section 10.1.1 initially
      contains the entries shown in Figure 1.

   Reason for Need:  Identifies how to interpret the Data Provider ID.
      The combination of ProviderIDSeries and ProviderID MUST be
      globally unique.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Determines which provider ID registry to
      consult for more information

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      +-----------+--------------------------+----------------------+
      | Name      | Source                   | URL                  |
      +-----------+--------------------------+----------------------+
      | NENA      | National Emergency       | http://www.nena.org  |
      |           | Number Association       |                      |
      | EENA      | European Emergency       | http://www.eena.org  |
      |           | Number Association       |                      |
      | domain    | (The ID is a fully-      | (not applicable)     |
      |           | qualified domain name)   |                      |
      +-----------+--------------------------+----------------------+

                   Figure 1: Provider ID Series Registry

4.1.4.  Type of Data Provider

   Data Element:  Type of Data Provider

   Use:  Required.

   XML Element:  <TypeOfProvider>

   Description:  Identifies the type of data provider supplying the
      data.  The registry containing all valid values is created in
      Section 10.1.5 and the initial set of values is shown in Figure 2.

   Reason for Need:  Identifies the category of data provider.

   How Used by Call Taker:  This information may be helpful when
      deciding whom to contact when further information is needed.

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   +------------------------------+------------------------------------+
   | Token                        | Description                        |
   +------------------------------+------------------------------------+
   |Client                        | Originating client/device          |
   |Access Network Provider       | Access network service provider    |
   |Telecom Provider              | Telecom service provider (including|
   |                              |    over-the-top VoIP services)     |
   |Telematics Provider           | A sensor-based service provider,   |
   |                              |    especially vehicle-based        |
   |Language Translation Provider | A spoken language translation      |
   |                              |    service                         |
   |Emergency Service Provider    | An emergency service provider      |
   |                              |    conveying information to another|
   |                              |    emergency service provider.     |
   |Emergency Modality Translation| An emergency-call-specific         |
   |                              |    modality translation service    |
   |                              |    e.g., for sign language         |
   |Relay Provider                | A interpretation service, e.g.,    |
   |                              |    video relay for sign language   |
   |                              |    interpreting                    |
   |Other                         | Any other type of service provider |
   +------------------------------+------------------------------------+

                 Figure 2: Type of Data Provider Registry

4.1.5.  Data Provider Contact URI

   Data Element:  Data Provider Contact URI

   Use:  Required

   XML Element:  <ContactURI>

   Description:  When provided by a service provider or an access
      network provider, this information MUST be a URI to a 24/7 support
      organization tasked to provide PSAP support for this emergency
      call.  When provided by a device, this MUST be the contact
      information of the user or owner of the device.  (Ideally, this is
      the contact information of the device user, but when the owner and
      user are separate (e.g., the device owner is an organization),
      this MAY be the contact information of the owner.)  The Data
      Provider Contact URI SHOULD be a TEL URI [RFC3966] in E.164 format
      fully specified with country code.  If a TEL URI is not available,
      it MAY be a generic SIP URI.  Note that this contact information
      is not used by PSAPs for callbacks (a call from a PSAP directly
      related to a recently terminated emergency call, placed by the
      PSAP using a SIP Priority header field set to "psap-callback", as
      described in [RFC7090]).

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   Reason for Need:  Additional data providers may need to be contacted
      in error cases or other unusual circumstances.

   How Used by Call Taker:  To contact the supplier of the additional
      data for assistance in handling the call.

4.1.6.  Data Provider Languages(s) Supported

   Data Element:  Data Provider Language(s) supported

   Use:  Required.

   XML Element:  <Language>

   Description:  This field encodes the language used by the entity at
      the Data Provider Contact URI.  The content of this field consists
      of a single token from the language tags registry, which can be
      found at [LanguageTagRegistry], and is defined in [RFC5646].
      Multiple instances of this element may occur but the order is
      significant and the preferred language should appear first.  The
      content MUST reflect the languages supported at the contact URI.

      (Note that this field informs the PSAP of the language(s) used by
      the data provider.  If the PSAP needs to contact the data
      provider, it can be helpful to know in advance the language(s)
      used by the data provider.  If the PSAP uses a communication
      protocol to reach the data provider, that protocol may have
      language facilities of its own (such as the 'language' media
      feature tag, defined in RFC 3840 [RFC3840] and the more extensive
      language negotiation mechanism proposed with
      [I-D.gellens-slim-negotiating-human-language]), and if so, those
      are independent of this field.)

   Reason for Need:  This information indicates if the emergency service
      authority can directly communicate with the service provider or if
      an interpreter will be needed.

   How Used by Call Taker:  If the call taker cannot speak any language
      supported by the service provider, a translation service will need
      to be added to the conversation.  Alternatively, other persons at
      the PSAP, besides the call taker, might be consulted for help
      (depending on the urgency and the type of interaction).

4.1.7.  xCard of Data Provider

   Data Element:  xCard of Data Provider

   Use:  Optional

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   XML Element:  <DataProviderContact>

   Description:  Per [RFC6351] the xCard structure is represented within
      a <vcard> element.  Although multiple <vcard> elements may be
      contained in a structure only one <vcard> element SHOULD be
      provided.  If more than one appears, the first SHOULD be used.
      There are many fields in the xCard and the creator of the data
      structure is encouraged to provide all available information.  N,
      ORG, ADR, TEL, EMAIL are suggested at a minimum.  N SHOULD contain
      the name of the support group or device owner as appropriate.  If
      more than one TEL property is provided, a parameter from the vCard
      Property Value registry MUST be specified for each TEL.  For
      encoding of the vCard this specification uses the XML-based
      encoding specified in [RFC6351], referred to in this document as
      "xCard".

   Reason for Need:  Information needed to determine additional contact
      information.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Assists the call taker by providing
      additional contact information aside from what may be included in
      the SIP INVITE or the PIDF-LO.

4.1.8.  Subcontractor Principal

   When the entity providing the data is a subcontractor, the Data
   Provider Type is set to that of the primary service provider and this
   entry is supplied to provide information regarding the subcontracting
   entity.

   Data Element:  Subcontractor Principal

   Use:  Conditional.  This data is required if the entity providing the
      data is a subcontractor.

   XML Element:  <SubcontractorPrincipal>

   Description:  Some providers outsource their obligations to handle
      aspects of emergency services to specialized providers.  If the
      data provider is a subcontractor to another provider this element
      contains the DataProviderString of the service provider to
      indicate which provider the subcontractor is working for.

   Reason for Need:  Identify the entity the subcontractor works for.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Allows the call taker to understand what the
      relationship between data providers and the service providers in
      the path of the call are.

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4.1.9.  Subcontractor Priority

   Data Element:  Subcontractor Priority

   Use:  Conditional.  This data is required if the entity providing the
      data is a subcontractor.

   XML Element:  <SubcontractorPriority>

   Description:  If the subcontractor is supposed to be contacted first
      then this element MUST have the value "sub".  If the provider the
      subcontractor is working for is supposed to be contacted first
      then this element MUST have the value "main".

   Reason for Need:  Inform the call taker whom to contact first, if
      support is needed.

   How Used by Call Taker:  To decide which entity to contact first if
      assistance is needed.

4.1.10.  ProviderInfo Example

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <ad:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
       xmlns:ad="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
       <ad:DataProviderReference>string0987654321@example.org
       </ad:DataProviderReference>
       <ad:DataProviderString>Example VoIP Provider
         </ad:DataProviderString>
       <ad:ProviderID>urn:nena:companyid:ID123</ad:ProviderID>
       <ad:ProviderIDSeries>NENA</ad:ProviderIDSeries>
       <ad:TypeOfProvider>Telecom Provider</ad:TypeOfProvider>
       <ad:ContactURI>tel:+1-201-555-0123</ad:ContactURI>
       <ad:Language>en</ad:Language>
       <ad:DataProviderContact
           xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
                   <vcard>
                       <fn><text>Hannes Tschofenig</text></fn>
                       <n>
                           <surname>Hannes</surname>
                           <given>Tschofenig</given>
                           <additional/>
                           <prefix/>
                           <suffix>Dipl. Ing.</suffix>
                       </n>
                       <bday><date>--0203</date></bday>
                       <anniversary>

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                           <date-time>20090808T1430-0500</date-time>
                       </anniversary>
                       <gender><sex>M</sex></gender>
                       <lang>
                           <parameters><pref><integer>1</integer></pref>
                           </parameters>
                           <language-tag>de</language-tag>
                       </lang>
                       <lang>
                           <parameters><pref><integer>2</integer></pref>
                           </parameters>
                           <language-tag>en</language-tag>
                       </lang>
                       <org>
                           <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <text>Example VoIP Provider</text>
                       </org>
                       <adr>
                           <parameters>
                               <type><text>work</text></type>
                               <label><text>Hannes Tschofenig
                                   Linnoitustie 6
                                   Espoo , Finland
                                   02600</text></label>
                           </parameters>
                           <pobox/>
                           <ext/>
                           <street>Linnoitustie 6</street>
                           <locality>Espoo</locality>
                           <region>Uusimaa</region>
                           <code>02600</code>
                           <country>Finland</country>
                       </adr>
                       <tel>
                           <parameters>
                               <type>
                                   <text>work</text>
                                   <text>voice</text>
                               </type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>tel:+358 50 4871445</uri>
                       </tel>
                       <email>
                           <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <text>hannes.tschofenig@nsn.com</text>
                       </email>

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                       <geo>
                           <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>geo:60.210796,24.812924</uri>
                       </geo>
                       <key>
                           <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>
                           http://www.tschofenig.priv.at/key.asc
                           </uri>
                       </key>
                       <tz><text>Finland/Helsinki</text></tz>
                       <url>
                           <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>http://www.tschofenig.priv.at</uri>
                       </url>
                   </vcard>
       </ad:DataProviderContact>
   </ad:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>

             Figure 3: EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo Example.

4.2.  Service Information

   This block describes the service that the service provider provides
   to the caller.  It SHOULD be included by all service providers in the
   path of the call.  The mime subtype is "application/
   EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo+xml".

4.2.1.  Service Environment

   Data Element:  Service Environment

   Use:  Conditional: Required unless the 'ServiceType' value is
      'wireless'.

   XML Element:  <ServiceEnvironment>

   Description:  This element indicates whether a call is from a
      business or residence.  Currently, the only valid entries are
      'Business', 'Residence', and 'unknown', as shown in Figure 4.  New
      values can be defined via the registry created in Section 10.1.2.

   Reason for Need:  To provide context and a hint when determining
      equipment and manpower requirements.

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   How Used by Call Taker:  Information may be used to provide context
      and a hint to assist in determining equipment and manpower
      requirements for emergency responders.  Because there are
      situations where the service provider does not know (such as
      anonymous pre-paid service), and because the type of service does
      not neccessarily reflect the nature of the premises (for example,
      a business line installed in a residence, or wireless service),
      and the registry is not all-encompassing, this is at best advisory
      information, but since it mimics a similar capability in some
      current emergency calling systems (e.g., a field in the Automatic
      Location Information (ALI) information used with legacy North
      American wireline systems), it is known to be valuable.  The
      service provider uses its best information (such as a rate plan,
      facilities used to deliver service or service description) to
      determine the information and is not responsible for determining
      the actual characteristics of the location from which the call
      originated.  Because the usefulness is unknown (and less clear)
      for wireless, this element is OPTIONAL for wireless and REQUIRED
      otherwise.

                  +-----------+--------------------------+
                  | Token     | Description              |
                  +-----------+--------------------------+
                  | Business  | Business service         |
                  | Residence | Residential service      |
                  | unknown   | Type of service unknown  |
                  |           |    (e.g., anonymous pre- |
                  |           |    paid service)         |
                  +-----------+--------------------------+

                  Figure 4: Service Environment Registry

4.2.2.  Service Type

   Data Element:  Service Delivered by Provider to End User

   Use:  Required

   XML Element:  <ServiceType>

   Description:  This defines the type of service over which the call is
      placed (similar to the Class of Service delivered with legacy
      emergency calls in some some regions).  The implied mobility of
      this service cannot be relied upon.  A registry is created in
      Section 10.1.3.  The initial set of values is shown in Figure 5.
      More than one value MAY be returned.  For example, a VoIP inmate
      telephone service is a reasonable combination.

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   Reason for Need:  Knowing the type of service may assist the PSAP in
      handling of the call.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Call takers often use this information to
      determine what kinds of questions to ask callers, and how much to
      rely on supportive information.  An emergency call from a prison
      is treated differently than a call from a sensor device.  As the
      information is not always available, and the registry is not all-
      encompassing, this is at best advisory information, but since it
      mimics a similar capability in some legacy emergency calling
      systems, it is known to be valuable.

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      +--------------+----------------------------------------+
      | Name         | Description                            |
      +--------------+----------------------------------------+
      | wireless     | Wireless Telephone Service: Includes   |
      |              |   CDMA, GSM, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, LTE (but    |
      |              |   not satellite)                       |
      | coin         | Fixed public pay/coin telephones: Any  |
      |              |   coin or credit card operated device  |
      | one-way      | One way outbound service               |
      | prison       | Inmate call/service                    |
      | temp         | Soft dial tone/quick service/warm      |
      |              |   disconnect/suspended                 |
      | MLTS-hosted  | Hosted multi-line telephone system     |
      |              |   such as Centrex                      |
      | MLTS-local   | Local multi-line telephone system,     |
      |              |   includes all PBX, key systems,       |
      |              |   Shared Tenant Service                |
      | sensor-      | These are devices that generate DATA   |
      |   unattended |   ONLY. This is a one-way information  |
      |              |   transmit without interactive media   |
      | sensor-      | Devices that are supported by a        |
      |   attended   |   monitoring service provider or that  |
      |              |   are capable of supporting interactive|
      |              |   media                                |
      | POTS         | Wireline: Plain Old Telephone Service  |
      | VOIP         | An over-the-top service that provides  |
      |              |   communication over arbitrary Internet|
      |              |   access (fixed, nomadic, mobile)      |
      | remote       | Off-premise extension                  |
      | relay        | A service where a human third-party    |
      |              |   agent provides additional assistance |
      |              |   This includes sign language relay/   |
      |              |   interpretation, telematics services  |
      |              |   that provide a human on the call,    |
      |              |   and similar services.                |
      +--------------+----------------------------------------+

       Figure 5: Service Delivered by Provider to End User Registry

4.2.3.  Service Mobility Environment

   Data Element:  Service Mobility Environment

   Use:  Required

   XML Element:  <ServiceMobility>

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   Description:  This provides the service provider's view of the
      mobility of the caller's device.  As the service provider might
      not know the characteristics of the actual device or access
      network used, the value should be treated as advisory and not be
      relied upon.  A registry is created in Section 10.1.4 with the
      initial valid entries shown in Figure 6.

   Reason for Need:  Knowing the service provider's belief of mobility
      may assist the PSAP with the handling of the call.

   How Used by Call Taker:  To determine whether to assume the location
      of the caller might change.

                       +-----------+----------------------------+
                       | Token     | Description                |
                       +-----------+----------------------------+
                       | Mobile    | The device is able to move |
                       |           |   at any time              |
                       | Fixed     | The device is not expected |
                       |           |   to move unless the       |
                       |           |   service is relocated     |
                       | Nomadic   | The device is not expected |
                       |           |   to change its point of   |
                       |           |   attachment while on a    |
                       |           |   call                     |
                       | Unknown   | No information is known    |
                       |           |   about the service        |
                       |           |   mobility environment for |
                       |           |   the device               |
                       +-----------+----------------------------+

                  Figure 6: Service Environment Registry

4.2.4.  EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo Example

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <svc:EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo
       xmlns:svc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo">
      <svc:DataProviderReference>2468.IBOC.MLTS.1359@example.org
      </svc:DataProviderReference>
      <svc:ServiceEnvironment>Business</svc:ServiceEnvironment>
      <svc:ServiceType>MLTS-hosted</svc:ServiceType>
      <svc:ServiceMobility>Fixed</svc:ServiceMobility>
  </svc:EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo>

             Figure 7: EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo Example.

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4.3.  Device Information

   This block provides information about the device used to place the
   call.  It should be provided by any service provider that knows what
   device is being used, and by the device itself.  The mime subtype is
   "application/EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml".

4.3.1.  Device Classification

   Data Element:  Device Classification

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <DeviceClassification>

   Description:  This data element defines the kind of device making the
      emergency call.  If the device provides the data structure, the
      device information SHOULD be provided.  If the service provider
      provides the structure and it knows what the device is, the
      service provider SHOULD provide the device information.  Often the
      carrier does not know what the device is.  It is possible to
      receive two Additional Data Associated with a Call data
      structures, one created by the device and one created by the
      service provider.  This information describes the device, not how
      it is being used.  This data element defines the kind of device
      making the emergency call.  A registry is created in
      Section 10.1.6 with the initial set of values as shown in
      Figure 8.

   Reason for Need:  The device classification implies the capability of
      the calling device and assists in identifying the meaning of the
      emergency call location information that is being presented.  For
      example, does the device require human intervention to initiate a
      call or is this call the result of programmed instructions?  Does
      the calling device have the ability to update location or
      condition changes?  Is this device interactive or a one-way
      reporting device?

   How Used by Call Taker:  May provide the call taker context regarding
      the caller, the capabilities of the calling device or the
      environment in which the device is being used, and may assist in
      understanding the location information and capabilities of the
      calling device.  For example, a cordless handset may be outside or
      next door.

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      +---------------+----------------------------------------+
      | Token         |  Description                            |
      +---------------+----------------------------------------+
      |cordless       | Cordless handset                       |
      |fixed          | Fixed phone                            |
      |satellite      | Satellite phone                        |
      |sensor-fixed   | Fixed (non mobile) sensor/alarm device |
      |desktop        | Soft client on desktop PC              |
      |laptop         | Soft client on laptop type device      |
      |tablet         | Soft client on tablet type device      |
      |alarm-monitored| Alarm system                           |
      |sensor-mobile  | Mobile sensor device                   |
      |aircraft       | Aircraft telematics device             |
      |automobile     | Automobile/cycle/off-road telematics   |
      |truck          | Truck/construction telematics          |
      |farm           | Farm equipment telematics              |
      |marine         | Marine telematics                      |
      |personal       | Personal telematics device             |
      |feature-phone  | Feature- (not smart-) cellular phone   |
      |smart-phone    | Smart-phone cellular phone (native)    |
      |smart-phone-app| Soft client app on smart-phone         |
      |unknown-device | Soft client on unknown device type     |
      |game           | Gaming console                         |
      |text-only      | Other text device                      |
      |NA             | Not Available                          |
      +---------------+----------------------------------------+

          Figure 8: Device Classification Registry Initial Values

4.3.2.  Device Manufacturer

   Data Element:  Device Manufacturer

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <DeviceMfgr>

   Description:  The plain language name of the manufacturer of the
      device.

   Reason for Need:  Used by PSAP management for post-mortem
      investigation/resolution.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Probably not used by the calltaker, but by
      PSAP management.

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4.3.3.  Device Model Number

   Data Element:  Device Model Number

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <DeviceModelNr>

   Description:  Model number of the device.

   Reason for Need:  Used by PSAP management for after-action
      investigation/resolution.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Probably not used by the calltaker, but by
      PSAP management.

4.3.4.  Unique Device Identifier

   Data Element:  Unique Device Identifier

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <UniqueDeviceID>

   XML Attribute:  <TypeOfDeviceID>

   Description:  A string that identifies the specific device (or the
      device's current SIM) making the call or creating an event.  Note
      that more than one <UniqueDeviceID> may be present, to supply more
      than one of the identifying values.

      The <TypeOfDeviceID> attribute identifies the type of device
      identifier.  A registry is created in Section 10.1.7 with an
      initial set of values shown in Figure 9.

   Reason for Need:  Uniquely identifies the device (or, in the case of
      IMSI, a SIM), independent of any signaling identifiers present in
      the call signaling stream.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Probably not used by the call taker; may be
      used by PSAP management during an investigation.  (For example, if
      a PSAP experiences repeated false/accidental calls and there is no
      callback number or it isn't usable, the PSAP may need to try and
      track down the device using various means (e.g., contacting
      service providers in the area).  In the case of handsets without
      current service, it may be possible to determine who last had
      service.  Another example might be a disconnected call where the

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      call taker believes there is a need for assistance but was not
      able to obtain a location or other information).

   Example:  <UniqueDeviceID TypeOfDeviceID="SN">12345</UniqueDeviceID>

      +--------+------------------------------------------+
      | Token  | Description                              |
      +--------+------------------------------------------+
      | MEID   | Mobile Equipment Identifier  (CDMA)      |
      | ESN    | Electronic Serial Number (GSM)           |
      | MAC    | Media Access Control Address (IEEE)      |
      | WiMAX  | Device Certificate Unique ID             |
      | IMEI   | International Mobile Equipment ID (GSM)  |
      | IMSI   | International Mobile Subscriber ID (GSM) |
      | UDI    | Unique Device Identifier                 |
      | RFID   | Radio Frequency Identification           |
      | SN     | Manufacturer Serial Number               |
      +--------+------------------------------------------+

               Figure 9: Registry of Device Identifier Types

4.3.5.  Device/Service-Specific Additional Data Structure

   Data Element:  Device/service-specific additional data structure

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <DeviceSpecificData>

   Description:  A URI representing additional data whose schema is
      specific to the device or service which created it.  (For example,
      a medical device or medical device monitoring service may have a
      defined set of medical data).  The URI, when dereferenced, MUST
      yield a data structure defined by the Device/service specific
      additional data type value.  Different data may be created by each
      classification; e.g., a medical device created data set.

   Reason for Need:  Provides device/service specific data that may be
      used by the call taker and/or responders.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Provide information to guide call takers to
      select appropriate responders, give appropriate pre-arrival
      instructions to callers, and advise responders of what to be
      prepared for.  May be used by responders to guide assistance
      provided.

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4.3.6.  Device/Service Specific Additional Data Structure Type

   Data Element:  Type of device/service-specific additional data
      structure

   Use:  Conditional.  MUST be provided when device/service specific-
      additional URI is provided

   XML Element:  <DeviceSpecificType>

   Description:  A value from the registry defined in Section 10.1.8 to
      describe the type of data located at the device/service-specific
      additional data structure.  The initial values shown in Figure 10
      currently only include IEEE 1512, which is the USDoT model for
      traffic incidents.

   Reason for Need:  This data element allows identification of
      externally defined schemas, which may have additional data that
      may assist in emergency response.

   How Used by Call Taker:  This data element allows the end user (call
      taker or first responder) to know what type of additional data may
      be available to aid in providing the needed emergency services.

   Note:  Information which is specific to a location or a caller
      (person) should not be placed in this section.

+----------+----------------------------+--------------------------------+
|  Token   |       Description          |          Specification         |
+----------+----------------------------+--------------------------------+
| IEEE1512 | Common Incident Management |IEEE 1512-2006                  |
|          |   Message Set (USDoT model |https://standards.ieee.org/     |
|          |   for traffic incidents)   |findstds/standard/1512-2006.html|
+----------+----------------------------+--------------------------------+

               Figure 10: Device/Service Data Type Registry

4.3.7.  Issues with getting new types of data into use

   This document describes two mechanisms that allow extension of the
   kind of data provided with an emergency call: define a new block or
   define a new service specific additional data URL for the DeviceInfo
   block.  While defining new data types and getting a new device or
   application to send the new data may be easy, getting PSAPs and
   responders to actually retrieve the data and use it will be
   difficult.  New mechanism providers should understand that acquiring
   and using new forms of data usually require software upgrades at the
   PSAP and/or responders, as well as training of call takers and

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   responders in how to interpret and use the information.  Legal and
   operational review may also be needed.  Overwhelming a call taker or
   responder with too much information is highly discouraged.  Thus, the
   barrier to supporting new data is quite high.

   The mechanisms this document describes are meant to encourage
   development of widely supported, common data formats for classes of
   devices.  If all manufacturers of a class of device use the same
   format, and the data can be shown to improve outcomes, then PSAPs and
   responders may be encouraged to upgrade their systems and train their
   staff to use the data.  Variations, however well intentioned, are
   unlikely to be supported.

   Implementers should consider that data from sensor-based devices in
   some cases may not be useful to call takers or PSAPs (and privacy,
   liability, or other considerations might preclude the PSAP from
   touching the data), but may be of use to responders.  Each data item
   provided with the call in conformance with this document can be
   accessed by responders or other entities in the emergency services,
   whether or not the data is accessed by the PSAP.

4.3.8.  Choosing between defining a new type of block or new type of
        device/service specific additional data

   For devices that have device or service specific data, there are two
   choices to carry it.  A new block can be defined, or the device/
   service specific additional data URL the DeviceInfo block can be used
   and a new type for it defined .  The data passed would likely be the
   same in both cases.  Considerations for choosing which mechanism to
   register under include:

   Applicability:  Information which will be carried by many kinds of
      devices or services are more appropriately defined as separate
      blocks.

   Privacy:  Information which may contain private data may be better
      sent in the DeviceInfo block, rather than a new block so that
      implementations are not tempted to send the data by value, and
      thus having more exposure to the data than forcing the data to be
      retrieved via the URL in DeviceInfo.

   Size:  Information which may be very large may be better sent in the
      DeviceInfo block, rather than a new block so that implementations
      are not tempted to send the data by value.  Conversely, data which
      is small may best be sent in a separate block so that it can be
      sent by value

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   Availability of a server:  Providing the data via the device block
      requires a server be made available to retrieve the data.
      Providing the data via new block allows it to be sent by value
      (CID).

4.3.9.  EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo Example

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo
       xmlns:dev="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo">
       <dev:DataProviderReference>d4b3072df.201409182208075@example.org
       </dev:DataProviderReference>
       <dev:DeviceClassification>fixed</dev:DeviceClassification>
       <dev:DeviceMfgr>Nokia</dev:DeviceMfgr>
       <dev:DeviceModelNr>Lumia 800</dev:DeviceModelNr>
       <dev:UniqueDeviceID TypeOfDeviceID="IMEI">35788104
       </dev:UniqueDeviceID>
   </dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo>

             Figure 11: EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo Example.

4.4.  Owner/Subscriber Information

   This block describes the owner of the device (if provided by the
   device) or the subscriber information (if provided by a service
   provider).  The contact location is not necessarily the location of
   the caller or incident, but is rather the nominal contact address.
   The MIME type is "application/EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo+xml".

   In some jurisdictions some or all parts of the subscriber-specific
   information are subject to privacy constraints.  These constraints
   vary but dictate which information can be displayed and logged.  A
   general privacy indicator expressing a desire for privacy by the
   subscriber is provided.  The interpretation of how this is applied is
   left to the receiving jurisdiction as the custodians of the local
   regulatory requirements.  This matches an equivalent privacy flag
   provided in some legacy emergency call systems.

4.4.1.  Subscriber Data Privacy Indicator

   Attribute:  'privacyRequested', Boolean.

   Use:  Conditional.  This attribute MUST be provided if the owner/
      subscriber information block is not empty.

   Description:  The subscriber data privacy indicator specifically
      expresses the subscriber's desire for privacy.  In some

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      jurisdictions subscriber services can have a specific "Type of
      Service" which prohibits information, such as the name of the
      subscriber, from being displayed.  This attribute is provided to
      explicitly indicate whether the subscriber service includes such
      constraints.  The interpretation of this indicator is left to each
      jurisdiction (in keeping with the semantics of the privacy
      indicator provided in some legacy emergency call systems).
      Because the interpretation of this indicator varies based on local
      regulations, this document cannot describe the exact semantics nor
      indicate which fields are affected (the application of this
      indicator might affect the display of data contained in any of the
      blocks).

   Reason for Need:  Some jurisdictions require subscriber privacy to be
      observed when processing emergency calls.

   How Used by Call Taker:  Where privacy is indicated the call taker
      may not have access to some aspects of the subscriber information.

4.4.2.  xCard for Subscriber's Data

   Data Element:  xCARD for Subscriber's Data

   Use:  Conditional.  Subscriber data MUST be provided unless it is not
      available.  Some services, such as prepaid phones, non-initialized
      phones, etc., do not have information about the subscriber.

   XML Element:  <SubscriberData>

   Description:  Information known by the service provider or device
      about the subscriber; e.g., Name, Address, Individual Telephone
      Number, Main Telephone Number and any other data.  <n>, <org> (if
      appropriate), <adr>, <tel>, <email> are suggested at a minimum.
      If more than one <tel> property is provided, a parameter from the
      vCard Property Value registry MUST be specified on each <tel>.
      While some data (such as <anniversary>) might not seem obviously
      relevant for emergency services, any data is potentially useful in
      some emergency circumstances.

   Reason for Need:  When the caller is unable to provide information,
      this data may be used to obtain it

   How Used by Call Taker:  Obtaining critical information about the
      caller and possibly the location when it is not able to be
      obtained otherwise.  While the location here is not necessarily
      that of caller, in some circumstances it can be helpful in
      locating the caller when other means have failed.

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4.4.3.  EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo Example

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <sub:EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo
        xmlns:sub=
            "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo"
        privacyRequested="false">
       <sub:DataProviderReference>FEABFECD901@example.org
       </sub:DataProviderReference>
       <sub:SubscriberData xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
            <vcard>
                   <fn><text>Simon Perreault</text></fn>
                   <n>
                       <surname>Perreault</surname>
                       <given>Simon</given>
                       <additional/>
                       <prefix/>
                       <suffix>ing. jr</suffix>
                       <suffix>M.Sc.</suffix>
                   </n>
                   <bday><date>--0203</date></bday>
                   <anniversary>
                       <date-time>20090808T1430-0500</date-time>
                   </anniversary>
                   <gender><sex>M</sex></gender>
                   <lang>
                       <parameters><pref><integer>1</integer></pref>
                       </parameters>
                       <language-tag>fr</language-tag>
                   </lang>
                   <lang>
                       <parameters><pref><integer>2</integer></pref>
                       </parameters>
                       <language-tag>en</language-tag>
                   </lang>
                   <org>
                       <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                       </parameters>
                       <text>Viagenie</text>
                   </org>
                   <adr>
                       <parameters>
                           <type><text>work</text></type>
                           <label><text>Simon Perreault
                               2875 boul. Laurier, suite D2-630
                               Quebec, QC, Canada
                               G1V 2M2</text></label>

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                       </parameters>
                       <pobox/>
                       <ext/>
                       <street>2875 boul. Laurier, suite D2-630</street>
                       <locality>Quebec</locality>
                       <region>QC</region>
                       <code>G1V 2M2</code>
                       <country>Canada</country>
                   </adr>
                   <tel>
                       <parameters>
                           <type>
                               <text>work</text>
                               <text>voice</text>
                           </type>
                       </parameters>
                       <uri>tel:+1-418-656-9254;ext=102</uri>
                   </tel>
                   <tel>
                       <parameters>
                           <type>
                               <text>work</text>
                               <text>text</text>
                               <text>voice</text>
                               <text>cell</text>
                               <text>video</text>
                           </type>
                       </parameters>
                       <uri>tel:+1-418-262-6501</uri>
                   </tel>
                   <email>
                       <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                       </parameters>
                       <text>simon.perreault@viagenie.ca</text>
                   </email>
                   <geo>
                       <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                       </parameters>
                       <uri>geo:46.766336,-71.28955</uri>
                   </geo>
                   <key>
                       <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                       </parameters>
                       <uri>
                       http://www.viagenie.ca/simon.perreault/simon.asc
                       </uri>
                   </key>
                   <tz><text>America/Montreal</text></tz>

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                   <url>
                       <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                       </parameters>
                       <uri>http://nomis80.org</uri>
                   </url>
           </vcard>
       </sub:SubscriberData>
   </sub:EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo>

           Figure 12: EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo Example.

4.5.  Comment

   This block provides a mechanism for the data provider to supply
   extra, human readable information to the PSAP.  It is not intended
   for a general purpose extension mechanism nor does it aim to provide
   machine-readable content.  The mime subtype is "application/
   EmergencyCallData.Comment+xml"

4.5.1.  Comment

   Data Element:  EmergencyCallData.Comment

   Use:  Optional

   XML Element:  <Comment>

   Description:  Human readable text providing additional information to
      the PSAP staff.

   Reason for Need:  Explanatory information for values in the data
      structure.

   How Used by Call Taker:  To interpret the data provided.

4.5.2.  EmergencyCallData.Comment Example

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <com:EmergencyCallData.Comment
        xmlns:com="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment">
      <com:DataProviderReference>string0987654321@example.org
      </com:DataProviderReference>
      <com:Comment xml:lang="en">This is an example text.</com:Comment>
   </com:EmergencyCallData.Comment>

               Figure 13: EmergencyCallData.Comment Example.

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5.  Data Transport Mechanisms

   This section defines how to convey additional data to an emergency
   service provider.  Two different means are specified: the first uses
   the call signaling; the second uses the <provided-by> element of a
   PIDF-LO [RFC4119].

   1.  First, the ability to embed a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
       in an existing SIP header field, the Call-Info header, is
       defined.  The URI points to the additional data structure.  The
       Call-Info header is specified in Section 20.9 of [RFC3261].  This
       document adds a new compound token starting with the value
       'EmergencyCallData' for the Call-Info "purpose" parameter.  If
       the "purpose" parameter is set to a value starting with
       'EmergencyCallData', then the Call-Info header contains either an
       HTTPS URL pointing to an external resource or a CID (content
       indirection) URI that allows the data structure to be placed in
       the body of the SIP message.  The "purpose" parameter also
       indicates the kind of data (by its MIME subtype) that is
       available at the URI.  As the data is conveyed using a URI in the
       SIP signaling, the data itself may reside on an external
       resource, or may be contained within the body of the SIP message.
       When the URI refers to data at an external resource, the data is
       said to be passed by reference.  When the URI refers to data
       contained within the body of the SIP message, the data is said to
       be passed by value.  A PSAP or emergency responder is able to
       examine the type of data provided and selectively inspect the
       data it is interested in, while forwarding all of it (the values
       or references) to downstream entities.  To be conveyed in a SIP
       body, additional data about a call is defined as a series of MIME
       objects.  Each block defined in this document is an XML data
       structure identified by its MIME type.  (Blocks defined by others
       may be encoded in XML or not, as identified by their MIME
       registration.)  As usual, whenever more than one MIME part is
       included in the body of a message, MIME multipart (i.e.,
       'multipart/mixed') encloses them all.  This document defines a
       set of XML schemas and MIME types used for each block defined
       here.  When additional data is passed by value in the SIP
       signaling, each CID URL points to one block in the body.
       Multiple URIs are used within a Call-Info header field (or
       multiple Call-Info header fields) to point to multiple blocks.
       When additional data is provided by reference (in SIP signaling
       or the <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO), each HTTPS URL
       references one block; the data is retrieved with an HTTPS GET
       operation, which returns the block as an object (the blocks
       defined here are returned as XML objects).

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   2.  Second, the ability to embed additional data structures in the
       <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO [RFC4119] is defined.  In
       addition to service providers in the call path, the access
       network provider may also have similar information that can be
       valuable to the PSAP.  When the access network provider supplies
       location information in the form of a PIDF-LO from a location
       server via a location configuration protocol, it has the ability
       to add the data structures defined in this document within the
       PIDF-LO.  The data in these data structures is not specific to
       the location itself, but rather provides descriptive information
       having to do with the immediate circumstances about the provision
       of the location (e.g., the identity of the access network
       provider, how to contact that entity, what kind of service the
       access network provides, subscriber information, etc.).  This
       data is similar in nearly every respect to the data known by
       service providers in the path of the call.  When the access
       network provider and service provider are separate entities, the
       access network does not participate in the application layer
       signaling (and hence cannot add a Call-Info header field to the
       SIP message), but can provide location information in a PIDF-LO.
       The <provided-by> element of the PIDF-LO is a mechanism for the
       access network provider to supply the information.  For this
       reason, this document describes a namespace per [RFC4119] for
       inclusion in the <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO for adding
       information known to the access network provider.  The access
       network provider SHOULD provide additional data within a
       <provided-by> element of a PDIF-LO it returns for emergency use
       (e.g., if requested with a HELD "responseTime" attribute of
       "emergencyRouting" or "emergencyDispatch" [RFC5985]).

   One or more blocks of data registered in the Emergency Call
   Additional Data registry, as defined in Section 10.1.9, can be
   included or referenced in the SIP signaling (using the Call-Info
   header field) or in the <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO.  For
   interoperability, only blocks in the registry are permitted to be
   sent using the mechanisms specified in this document.  Since multiple
   entities are expected to provide sets of data, the data itself needs
   information describing the source.  Consequently, each entity adding
   additional data MUST supply a "Data Provider" block.  All other
   blocks are optional, but each entity SHOULD supply all blocks where
   it has at least some of the information in the block.

5.1.  Transmitting Blocks using the Call-Info Header

   A URI to a block MAY be inserted in any SIP request or response
   method (most often INVITE or MESSAGE) with a Call-Info header field
   containing a purpose value starting with 'EmergencyCallData', a dot
   ("."), and the type of data available at the URI.  The type of data

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   is denoted by including the root of the MIME subtype (the
   'EmergencyCallData' prefix is not repeated), omitting any suffix such
   as '+xml').  For example, when referencing a block with MIME type
   'application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml', the 'purpose'
   parameter is set to 'EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo'.  An example
   "Call-Info" header field for this would be:

   Call-Info:  https://www.example.com/23sedde3;
       purpose="EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo"

   A Call-info header with a purpose value starting with
   'EmergencyCallData' only has meaning in the context of an emergency
   call (as ascertained by the presence of an emergency service URN in a
   Request-URI header of a SIP message), test emergency calls (using an
   appropriate service URN), and some private-use calls where the
   endpoints have a preexisting relationship and privacy concerns do not
   apply because of the relationship; use in other contexts is undefined
   and is likely to unnecessarily expose confidential data.

   If the data is provided by reference, an HTTPS URI MUST be included
   and consequently Transport Layer Security (TLS) protection is applied
   for protecting the retrieval of the information.

   The data may also be supplied by value in any SIP request or response
   method that is permitted to contain a body (i.e., not a BYE request).
   In this case, Content Indirection (CID) [RFC2392] is used, with the
   CID URL referencing the MIME body part containing the data.  Note
   that [RFC3261] forbids proxies from altering message bodies, so
   entities in the call path that add blocks by value need to do so
   using an appropriate SIP entity (e.g., a back-to-back user agent).

   Transmitting data by value is especially useful in certain cases,
   such as when the data exists in or is generated by the originating
   device, but is not intended for very large data blocks.  Additional
   security and privacy considerations apply to data transmitted by
   value, as discussed in Section 8 and Section 9.

   More than one Call-Info header with a purpose value starting with
   'EmergencyCallData' can be expected, but at least one MUST be
   provided.  The device MUST provide one if it knows no service
   provider is in the path of the call.  The device MAY insert one if it
   uses a service provider.  Any service provider in the path of the
   call MUST insert its own.  For example, a device, a telematics
   service provider in the call path, as well as the mobile carrier
   handling the call will each provide one.  There may be circumstances
   where there is a service provider who is unaware that the call is an
   emergency call and cannot reasonably be expected to determine that it

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   is an emergency call.  In that case, that service provider is not
   expected to provide EmergencyCallData.

5.2.  Transmitting Blocks by Reference using the <provided-by> Element

   The <EmergencyCallDataReference> element is used to transmit an
   additional data block by reference within a <provided-by> element of
   a PIDF-LO.  The <EmergencyCallDataReference> element has two
   attributes: 'ref' to specify the URL, and 'purpose' to indicate the
   type of data block referenced.  The value of 'ref' is an HTTPS URL
   that resolves to a data structure with information about the call.
   The value of 'purpose' is the same as used in a 'Call-Info' header
   field (as specified in Section 5.1).

   For example, to reference a block with MIME type 'application/
   EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml', the 'purpose' parameter is set
   to 'EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo'.  An example
   <EmergencyCallDataReference> element for this would be:

      <EmergencyCallDataReference ref="https://www.example.com/23sedde3"
      purpose="EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo"/>

   The <EmergencyCallDataReference> element transmits one data block;
   multiple data blocks may be transmitted by using multiple
   <EmergencyCallDataReference> elements.  Multiple
   <EmergencyCallDataReference> elements MAY be included as child
   elements inside the <provided-by> element.

   The following is a simplified example:

   <provided-by
           <EmergencyCallDataReference
                    purpose="EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo"
                    ref="https://example.com/ref2" />

           <EmergencyCallDataReference
                    purpose="EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo"
                    ref="https://example.com/ref3" />

           <EmergencyCallDataReference
                    purpose="EmergencyCallData.Comment"
                    ref="https://example.com/ref4" />
   </provided-by>

                    Example <provided-by> by Reference

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   For an example in context, Figure 18 shows a PIDF-LO example with an
   <EmergencyCallDataReference> element pointing to an
   EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo data block with the URL in the 'ref'
   attribute and the purpose attribute set to
   "EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo".

5.3.  Transmitting Blocks by Value using the <provided-by> Element

   It is RECOMMENDED that access networks supply the data specified in
   this document by reference, but they MAY provide the data by value.

   The <EmergencyCallDataValue> element is used to transmit one or more
   additional data blocks by value within a <provided-by> element of a
   PIDF-LO.  Each block being transmitted is placed (as a child element)
   inside the <EmergencyCallDataValue> element.  (The same XML structure
   as would be contained in the corresponding MIME type body part is
   placed inside the <EmergencyCallDataValue> element.)  Multiple
   <EmergencyCallDataValue> elements MAY be included as child elements
   in the <provided-by> element.

   The following is a simplified example:

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   <provided-by

           <EmergencyCallDataValue>

             <EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
                xmlns=
                "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
                <DataProviderReference>flurbit735@es.example.com
                  </DataProviderReference>
                <DataProviderString>Access Network Examples, Inc
                  </DataProviderString>
                <ProviderID>urn:nena:companyid:Test</ProviderID>
                <ProviderIDSeries>NENA</ProviderIDSeries>
                <TypeOfProvider>Access Network Provider
                  </TypeOfProvider>
                <ContactURI>tel:+1-555-555-0897</ContactURI>
                <Language>en</Language>
              </EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>

              <EmergencyCallData.Comment
                 xmlns=
                 "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment">
                 <DataProviderReference>flurbit735@es.example.com
                   </DataProviderReference>
                 <Comment xml:lang="en">This is an example text.
                   </Comment>
              </EmergencyCallData.Comment>

           </EmergencyCallDataValue>

   </provided-by>

                      Example <provided-by> by Value

   For an example in context, Figure 18 shows a PIDF-LO example that
   contains a <provided-by> element with the
   <EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo> and the <EmergencyCallData.Comment>
   elements as child elements of an <EmergencyCallDataValue> element.

5.4.  The Content-Disposition Parameter

   RFC 5621 [RFC5621] discusses the handling of message bodies in SIP.
   It updates and clarifies handling originally defined in RFC 3261
   [RFC3261] based on implementation experience.  While RFC 3261 did not
   mandate support for 'multipart' message bodies, 'multipart/mixed'
   MIME bodies are used by many extensions (including this document)

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   today.  For example, adding a PIDF-LO, SDP, and additional data in
   body of a SIP message requires a 'multipart' message body.

   RFC 3204 [RFC3204] and RFC 3459 [RFC3459] define the 'handling'
   parameter for the Content-Disposition header field.  These RFCs
   describe how a UAS reacts if it receives a message body whose content
   type or disposition type it does not understand.  If the 'handling'
   parameter has the value "optional", the UAS ignores the message body.
   If the 'handling' parameter has the value "required", the UAS returns
   a 415 (Unsupported Media Type) response.  The 'by-reference'
   disposition type allows a SIP message to contain a reference to the
   body part, and the SIP UA processes the body part according to the
   reference.  This is the case for the Call-info header containing a
   Content Indirection (CID) URL.

   As an example, a SIP message indicates the Content-Disposition
   parameter in the body of the SIP message as shown in Figure 14.

         Content-Type: application/sdp

         ...Omit Content-Disposition here; defaults are ok
         ...SDP goes in here

         --boundary1

         Content-Type: application/pidf+xml
         Content-ID: <target123@atlanta.example.com>
         Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional

         ...PIDF-LO goes in here

         --boundary1--

         Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
         Content-ID: <1234567890@atlanta.example.com>
         Content-Disposition: by-reference; handling=optional

         ...Data provider information data goes in here

         --boundary1--

    Figure 14: Example for use of the Content-Disposition Parameter in
                                    SIP

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6.  Examples

   This section illustrates a longer and more complex example, as shown
   in Figure 15.  In this example additional data is added by the end
   device, included by the VoIP provider, and provided by the access
   network provider (via the PIDF-LO).

     O   +----+      [============]                     [=============]
    /|\  | UA |      [  Access    ]                     [ VoIP        ]
     |   +----+      [  Network   ]                     [ Provider    ]
    / \              [  Provider  ]                     [ example.org ]
                     [            ]                     [             ]
    (1)              [            ] (2)                 [             ]
    Emergency Call   [            ] Emergency Call      [             ]
    ------------------------------------------------------>           ]
    +Device Info     [            ] +Device Info        [             ]
    +Data Prov. Info [       ^    ] +Data Provider Info [    |        ]
    +Location URI    [=======.====] +Location URI       [====|========]
                             .                               |
                             .                               |
      +Location              .      [==============]         |
      +Owner/Subscriber Info .      [              ]   (3)   |
      +Device Info           .  (4) [           <------------+
      +Data Provider Info #3 ..........>           ] Emergency Call
                                    [              ] +Device Info
                                    [     PSAP     ] +Data Prov. Info #2
                                    [              ] +Location URI
                                    [==============]

     Legend:

         --- Emergency Call Setup Procedure
         ... Location Retrieval/Response

                  Figure 15: Additional Data Example Flow

   The example scenario starts with the end device itself adding device
   information, owner/subscriber information, a location URI, and data
   provider information to the outgoing emergency call setup message
   (see step #1 in Figure 15).  The SIP INVITE example is shown in
   Figure 16.

      INVITE urn:service:sos SIP/2.0
      Via: SIPS/2.0/TLS server.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9

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      Max-Forwards: 70
      To: <urn:service:sos>
      From: Hannes Tschofenig <sips:hannes@example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
      Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@example.com
      Call-Info: <http://wwww.example.com/hannes/photo.jpg>
                     ;purpose=icon,
        <http://www.example.com/hannes/> ;purpose=info,
        <cid:1234567890@atlanta.example.com>
            ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo,
        <cid:0123456789@atlanta.example.com>
            ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo
      Geolocation: <https://ls.example.net:9768/357yc6s64ceyoiuy5ax3o>
      Geolocation-Routing: yes
      Accept: application/sdp, application/pidf+xml,
         application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
      CSeq: 31862 INVITE
      Contact: <sips:hannes@example.com>
      Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=boundary1

      Content-Length: ...

      --boundary1

      Content-Type: application/sdp

      ...SDP goes here

      --boundary1--

      Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml
      Content-ID: <0123456789@atlanta.example.com>
      Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

   <dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo
        xmlns:dev="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo">
       <dev:DataProviderReference>d4b3072df09876543@[93.184.216.119]
       </dev:DataProviderReference>
       <dev:DeviceClassification>laptop</dev:DeviceClassification>
       <dev:UniqueDeviceID
           TypeOfDeviceID="MAC">00-0d-4b-30-72-df</dev:UniqueDeviceID>
   </dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo>

      --boundary1--

      Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
      Content-ID: <1234567890@atlanta.example.com>

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      Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
       xmlns:pi="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
         <pi:DataProviderReference>d4b3072df09876543@[93.184.216.119]
         </pi:DataProviderReference>
         <pi:DataProviderString>Hannes Tschofenig
         </pi:DataProviderString>
       <pi:TypeOfProvider>Client</pi:TypeOfProvider>
       <pi:ContactURI>tel:+1-555-555-0123</pi:ContactURI>
       <pi:Language>en</pi:Language>
       <pi:DataProviderContact
           xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
                   <vcard>
                       <fn><text>Hannes Tschofenig</text></fn>
                       <n>
                           <surname>Hannes</surname>
                           <given>Tschofenig</given>
                           <additional/>
                           <prefix/>
                           <suffix>Dipl. Ing.</suffix>
                       </n>
                       <bday><date>--0203</date></bday>
                       <anniversary>
                           <date-time>20090808T1430-0500</date-time>
                       </anniversary>
                       <gender><sex>M</sex></gender>
                       <lang>
                           <parameters><pref><integer>1</integer></pref>
                           </parameters>
                           <language-tag>de</language-tag>
                       </lang>
                       <lang>
                           <parameters><pref><integer>2</integer></pref>
                           </parameters>
                           <language-tag>en</language-tag>
                       </lang>
                       <adr>
                           <parameters>
                               <type><text>work</text></type>
                               <label><text>Hannes Tschofenig
                                   Linnoitustie 6
                                   Espoo, Finland
                                   02600</text></label>
                           </parameters>
                           <pobox/>
                           <ext/>
                           <street>Linnoitustie 6</street>

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                           <locality>Espoo</locality>
                           <region>Uusimaa</region>
                           <code>02600</code>
                           <country>Finland</country>
                       </adr>
                       <adr>
                           <parameters>
                               <type><text>home</text></type>
                               <label><text>Hannes Tschofenig
                                   c/o Hotel DuPont
                                   42 W 11th St
                                   Wilmington, DE 19801
                                   USA</text></label>
                           </parameters>
                           <pobox/>
                           <ext/>
                           <street>42 W 11th St</street>
                           <locality>Wilmington</locality>
                           <region>DE</region>
                           <code>19801</code>
                           <country>USA</country>
                       </adr>
                       <tel>
                           <parameters>
                               <type>
                                   <text>work</text>
                                   <text>voice</text>
                               </type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>tel:+358 50 4871445</uri>
                       </tel>
                       <tel>
                           <parameters>
                               <type>
                                   <text>home</text>
                                   <text>voice</text>
                               </type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>tel:+1 555 555 0123</uri>
                       </tel>
                       <email>
                           <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <text>hannes.tschofenig@nsn.com</text>
                       </email>
                       <geo>
                           <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                           </parameters>

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                           <uri>geo:60.210796,24.812924</uri>
                       </geo>
                       <geo>
                           <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>geo:39.746537,-75.548027</uri>
                       </geo>
                       <key>
                           <parameters>
                                      <type><text>home</text></type>
                           </parameters>
                           <uri>https://www.example.com/key.asc
                                       </uri>
                       </key>
                       <tz><text>Finland/Helsinki</text></tz>
                       <url>
                           <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                               </parameters>
                           <uri>http://example.com/hannes.tschofenig
                               </uri>
                       </url>
                   </vcard>
       </pi:DataProviderContact>
   </pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>
      --boundary1--

       Figure 16: End Device sending SIP INVITE with Additional Data

   In this example, information available to the access network provider
   is included in the call setup message only indirectly via the use of
   the location reference.  The PSAP has to retrieve it via a separate
   look-up step.  Since the access network provider and the VoIP service
   provider are two independent entities in this scenario, the access
   network provider is not involved in application layer exchanges; the
   SIP INVITE transits the access network transparently, as illustrated
   in steps #1 and #2 (the access network does not alter the SIP
   INVITE).

   The VoIP service provider receives the message and determines, based
   on the Service URN, that the incoming request is an emergency call.
   It performs typical emergency services related tasks (such as
   location-based routing), and adds additional data, namely service and
   subscriber information as well as data provider information #2, to
   the outgoing message.  For the example we assume a VoIP service
   provider that deploys a back-to-back user agent allowing additional
   data to be included in the body of the SIP message (rather than by
   reference), which allows us to illustrate the use of multiple data

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   provider info blocks.  The resulting message is shown in Figure 17.
   The SIP INVITE is sent to the PSAP in step #3.

     INVITE sips:psap@example.org SIP/2.0
     Via: SIPS/2.0/TLS server.example.com;branch=z9hG4bK74bf9
     Max-Forwards: 70
     To: <urn:service:sos>
     From: Hannes Tschofenig <sips:hannes@example.com>;tag=9fxced76sl
     Call-ID: 3848276298220188511@example.com
     Call-Info: <http://wwww.example.com/hannes/photo.jpg>
                    ;purpose=icon,
       <http://www.example.com/hannes/> ;purpose=info,
       <cid:1234567890@atlanta.example.com>
           ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
       <cid:0123456789@atlanta.example.com>
           ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo
     Call-Info: <cid:bloorpyhex@atlanta.example.com>
           ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo
     Call-Info: <cid:aaabbb@atlanta.example.com>
           ;purpose=EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
     Geolocation: <https://ls.example.net:9768/357yc6s64ceyoiuy5ax3o>
     Geolocation-Routing: yes
     Accept: application/sdp, application/pidf+xml,
        application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
     CSeq: 31862 INVITE
     Contact: <sips:hannes@example.com>
     Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary=boundary1

     Content-Length: ...

     --boundary1

     Content-Type: application/sdp

     ...SDP goes here

     --boundary1--

     Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml
     Content-ID: <0123456789@atlanta.example.com>
     Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

  <dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo
       xmlns:dev="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo">
      <dev:DataProviderReference>d4b3072df09876543@[93.184.216.119]
      </dev:DataProviderReference>

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      <dev:DeviceClassification>laptop</dev:DeviceClassification>
      <dev:UniqueDeviceID
          TypeOfDeviceID="MAC">00-0d-4b-30-72-df</dev:UniqueDeviceID>
  </dev:EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo>

     --boundary1--

     Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
     Content-ID: <1234567890@atlanta.example.com>
     Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
      xmlns:pi="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
        <pi:DataProviderReference>d4b3072df09876543@[93.184.216.119]
        </pi:DataProviderReference>
        <pi:DataProviderString>Hannes Tschofenig
        </pi:DataProviderString>
      <pi:TypeOfProvider>Client</pi:TypeOfProvider>
      <pi:ContactURI>tel:+1-555-555-0123</pi:ContactURI>
      <pi:Language>en</pi:Language>
      <pi:DataProviderContact
          xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
                  <vcard>
                      <fn><text>Hannes Tschofenig</text></fn>
                      <n>
                          <surname>Hannes</surname>
                          <given>Tschofenig</given>
                          <additional/>
                          <prefix/>
                          <suffix>Dipl. Ing.</suffix>
                      </n>
                      <bday><date>--0203</date></bday>
                      <anniversary>
                          <date-time>20090808T1430-0500</date-time>
                      </anniversary>
                      <gender><sex>M</sex></gender>
                      <lang>
                          <parameters><pref><integer>1</integer></pref>
                          </parameters>
                          <language-tag>de</language-tag>
                      </lang>
                      <lang>
                          <parameters><pref><integer>2</integer></pref>
                          </parameters>
                          <language-tag>en</language-tag>
                      </lang>
                      <adr>

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                          <parameters>
                              <type><text>work</text></type>
                              <label><text>Hannes Tschofenig
                                  Linnoitustie 6
                                  Espoo, Finland
                                  02600</text></label>
                          </parameters>
                          <pobox/>
                          <ext/>
                          <street>Linnoitustie 6</street>
                          <locality>Espoo</locality>
                          <region>Uusimaa</region>
                          <code>02600</code>
                          <country>Finland</country>
                      </adr>
                      <adr>
                          <parameters>
                              <type><text>home</text></type>
                              <label><text>Hannes Tschofenig
                                  c/o Hotel DuPont
                                  42 W 11th St
                                  Wilmington, DE 19801
                                  USA</text></label>
                          </parameters>
                          <pobox/>
                          <ext/>
                          <street>42 W 11th St</street>
                          <locality>Wilmington</locality>
                          <region>DE</region>
                          <code>19801</code>
                          <country>USA</country>
                      </adr>
                      <tel>
                          <parameters>
                              <type>
                                  <text>work</text>
                                  <text>voice</text>
                              </type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>tel:+358 50 4871445</uri>
                      </tel>
                      <tel>
                          <parameters>
                              <type>
                                  <text>home</text>
                                  <text>voice</text>
                              </type>
                          </parameters>

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                          <uri>tel:+1 555 555 0123</uri>
                      </tel>
                      <email>
                          <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <text>hannes.tschofenig@nsn.com</text>
                      </email>
                      <geo>
                          <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>geo:60.210796,24.812924</uri>
                      </geo>
                      <geo>
                          <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>geo:39.746537,-75.548027</uri>
                      </geo>
                      <key>
                          <parameters>
                                     <type><text>home</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>https://www.example.com/key.asc
                                      </uri>
                      </key>
                      <tz><text>Finland/Helsinki</text></tz>
                      <url>
                          <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                              </parameters>
                          <uri>http://example.com/hannes.tschofenig
                              </uri>
                      </url>
                  </vcard>
      </pi:DataProviderContact>
  </pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>

     --boundary1--

     Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo+xml
     Content-ID: <bloorpyhex@atlanta.example.com>
     Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <svc:EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo
       xmlns:svc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo">
      <svc:DataProviderReference>string0987654321@example.org
      </svc:DataProviderReference>
      <svc:ServiceEnvironment>Residence</svc:ServiceEnvironment>
      <svc:ServiceType>VOIP</svc:ServiceType>
      <svc:ServiceMobility>Unknown</svc:ServiceMobility>

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  </svc:EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo>

     --boundary1--

     Content-Type: application/EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml
     Content-ID: <aaabbb@atlanta.example.com>
     Content-Disposition: by-reference;handling=optional
  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
      xmlns:pi="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
      <pi:DataProviderReference>string0987654321@example.org
      </pi:DataProviderReference>
        <pi:DataProviderString>Exemplar VoIP Provider
        </pi:DataProviderString>
      <pi:ProviderID>urn:nena:companyid:ID123</pi:ProviderID>
      <pi:ProviderIDSeries>NENA</pi:ProviderIDSeries>
      <pi:TypeOfProvider>Service Provider</pi:TypeOfProvider>
      <pi:ContactURI>sip:voip-provider@example.com</pi:ContactURI>
      <pi:Language>en</pi:Language>
      <pi:DataProviderContact
          xmlns:xc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
                  <vcard>
                      <fn><text>John Doe</text></fn>
                      <n>
                          <surname>John</surname>
                          <given>Doe</given>
                          <additional/>
                          <prefix/>
                          <suffix/>
                      </n>
                      <bday><date>--0203</date></bday>
                      <anniversary>
                          <date-time>20090808T1430-0500</date-time>
                      </anniversary>
                      <gender><sex>M</sex></gender>
                      <lang>
                          <parameters><pref><integer>1</integer></pref>
                          </parameters>
                          <language-tag>en</language-tag>
                      </lang>
                      <org>
                          <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <text>Exemplar VoIP Provider</text>
                      </org>
                      <adr>
                          <parameters>
                              <type><text>work</text></type>

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                              <label><text>John Doe
                                  123 Middle Street
                                  The Sticks, IA 50055</text></label>
                          </parameters>
                          <pobox/>
                          <ext/>
                          <street>123 Middle Street</street>
                          <locality>the Sticks</locality>
                          <region>IA</region>
                          <code>50055</code>
                          <country>USA</country>
                      </adr>
                      <tel>
                          <parameters>
                              <type>
                                  <text>work</text>
                                  <text>voice</text>
                              </type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>sips:john.doe@example.com</uri>
                      </tel>
                      <email>
                          <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <text>john.doe@example.com</text>
                      </email>
                      <geo>
                          <parameters><type><text>work</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>geo:41.761838,-92.963268</uri>
                      </geo>
                      <tz><text>America/Chicago</text></tz>
                      <url>
                          <parameters><type><text>home</text></type>
                          </parameters>
                          <uri>http://www.example.com/john.doe</uri>
                      </url>
                  </vcard>
      </pi:DataProviderContact>
  </pi:EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>

     Figure 17: VoIP Provider sending SIP INVITE with Additional Data

   Finally, the PSAP requests location information from the access
   network provider.  The response is shown in Figure 18.  Along with
   the location information, additional data is provided in the
   <provided-by> element of the PIDF-LO.  This request and response is
   step #4.

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   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <presence xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf"
   xmlns:gp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10"
   xmlns:gbp="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:basicPolicy"
   xmlns:dm="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:data-model"
   entity="pres:alice@atlanta.example.com">
     <dm:device id="target123-1">
       <gp:geopriv>
         <gp:location-info>
           <civicAddress
           xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:pidf:geopriv10:civicAddr">
           <country>US</country>
           <A1>DE</A1>
           <A3>Wilmington</A3>
           <PRD>W</PRD>
           <RD>11th</RD>
           <STS>Street</STS>
           <HNO>42</HNO>
           <NAM>The Hotel DuPont</NAM>
           <PC>19801</PC>
         </civicAddress>
         </gp:location-info>
         <gp:usage-rules>
           <gbp:retransmission-allowed>true
           </gbp:retransmission-allowed>
           <gbp:retention-expiry>2013-12-10T20:00:00Z
           </gbp:retention-expiry>
         </gp:usage-rules>
         <gp:method>802.11</gp:method>

             <gp:provided-by
         xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData">

          <EmergencyCallDataReference
               purpose="EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo"
               ref="https://example.com/ref2" />

          <EmergencyCallDataValue>
           <EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo
             xmlns=
               "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo">
             <DataProviderReference>88QV4FpfZ976T@example.com
             </DataProviderReference>
               <DataProviderString>Diamond State Exemplar
               </DataProviderString>
             <ProviderID>urn:nena:companyid:diamond</ProviderID>
             <ProviderIDSeries>NENA</ProviderIDSeries>
             <TypeOfProvider>Access Network Provider</TypeOfProvider>

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             <ContactURI>tel:+1-302-555-0000</ContactURI>
             <Language>en</Language>
           </EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo>

           <EmergencyCallData.Comment
               xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment">
               <DataProviderReference>88QV4FpfZ976T@example.com
               </DataProviderReference>
               <Comment xml:lang="en">This is an example text.</Comment>
           </EmergencyCallData.Comment>

          </EmergencyCallDataValue>
         </gp:provided-by>
       </gp:geopriv>
       <dm:deviceID>mac:00-0d-4b-30-72-df</dm:deviceID>
       <dm:timestamp>2013-07-09T20:57:29Z</dm:timestamp>
     </dm:device>
   </presence>

   Figure 18: Access Network Provider returning PIDF-LO with Additional
                                   Data

7.  XML Schemas

   This section defines the XML schemas of the five data blocks.
   Additionally, the provided-by schema is specified.

7.1.  EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo XML Schema

   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <xs:schema
      targetNamespace=
           "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo"
      xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
      xmlns:pi="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo"
      xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
      xmlns:xc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0"
      elementFormDefault="qualified"
      attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

      <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
           schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2009/01/xml.xsd"/>

       <xs:import namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0"
           schemaLocation="vcard.xsd"/>

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       <xs:element
           name="EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo"
           type="pi:ProviderInfoType"/>

       <xs:simpleType name="SubcontractorPriorityType">
          <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
               <xs:enumeration value="sub"/>
               <xs:enumeration value="main"/>
          </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>

           <xs:complexType name="ProviderInfoType">
               <xs:sequence>
                   <xs:element name="DataProviderReference"
                       type="xs:token" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="DataProviderString"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="ProviderID"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="ProviderIDSeries"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="TypeOfProvider"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="ContactURI" type="xs:anyURI"
                       minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

   <xs:element name="Language" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern
   value="([a-z]{2,3}((-[a-z]{3}){0,3})?|[a-z]{4,8})
   (-[a-z]{4})?(-([a-z]{2}|\d{3}))?(-([0-9a-z]{5,8}|
   \d[0-9a-z]{3}))*(-[0-9a-wyz](-[0-9a-z]{2,8})+)*
   (-x(-[0-9a-z]{1,8})+)?|x(-[0-9a-z]{1,8})+|[a-z]{1,3}
   (-[0-9a-z]{2,8}){1,2}"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>

                   <xs:element name="DataProviderContact"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">

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                     <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                          <xs:element minOccurs="0"
                              maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="xc:vcard"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                     </xs:complexType>
                   </xs:element>

                   <xs:element name="SubcontractorPrincipal"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="SubcontractorPriority"
                       type="pi:SubcontractorPriorityType"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
               </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>

   </xs:schema>

           Figure 19: EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo XML Schema.

7.2.  EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo XML Schema

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   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <xs:schema
        targetNamespace=
            "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo"
        xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
        xmlns:svc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo"
        xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
        elementFormDefault="qualified"
        attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

        <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
                   schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd"/>

       <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo"
           type="svc:ServiceInfoType"/>

       <xs:complexType name="ServiceInfoType">
               <xs:sequence>
                  <xs:element name="DataProviderReference"
                      type="xs:token" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="ServiceEnvironment"
                     type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="ServiceType"
                     type="xs:string" minOccurs="1"
                     maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

                   <xs:element name="ServiceMobility"
                     type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
               </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>

   </xs:schema>

           Figure 20: EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo XML Schema.

7.3.  EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo XML Schema

   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <xs:schema
        targetNamespace=
           "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo"
        xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"

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        xmlns:dev="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo"
        xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
        elementFormDefault="qualified"
        attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

        <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
                   schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd"/>

       <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo"
           type="dev:DeviceInfoType"/>

       <xs:complexType name="DeviceInfoType">
               <xs:sequence>
                  <xs:element name="DataProviderReference"
                       type="xs:token" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="DeviceClassification"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="DeviceMfgr"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="DeviceModelNr"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="UniqueDeviceID" minOccurs="0"
                               maxOccurs="unbounded">
                     <xs:complexType>
                       <xs:simpleContent>
                         <xs:extension base="xs:string">
                           <xs:attribute name="TypeOfDeviceID"
                                         type="xs:string"
                                         use="required"/>
                         </xs:extension>
                       </xs:simpleContent>
                     </xs:complexType>
                   </xs:element>

                   <xs:element name="DeviceSpecificData"
                       type="xs:anyURI" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="DeviceSpecificType"
                       type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
               </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>

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   </xs:schema>

            Figure 21: EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo XML Schema.

7.4.  EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo XML Schema

   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <xs:schema
       targetNamespace=
           "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo"
       xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
       xmlns:sub=
           "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo"
       xmlns:xc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0"
       xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
       elementFormDefault="qualified"
       attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

       <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
           schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd"/>

       <xs:import namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0"
           schemaLocation="vcard.xsd"/>

       <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo"
           type="sub:SubscriberInfoType"/>

           <xs:complexType name="SubscriberInfoType">
             <xs:complexContent>
              <xs:restriction base="xs:anyType">
               <xs:sequence>
                   <xs:element name="DataProviderReference"
                     type="xs:token" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="SubscriberData">
                      <xs:complexType>
                        <xs:sequence>
                           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded"
                                       ref="xc:vcard"/>
                        </xs:sequence>
                      </xs:complexType>
                    </xs:element>

                <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                      minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
               </xs:sequence>

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               <xs:attribute name="privacyRequested" type="xs:boolean"
                   use="required"/>
              </xs:restriction>
             </xs:complexContent>
           </xs:complexType>

   </xs:schema>

          Figure 22: EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo XML Schema.

7.5.  EmergencyCallData.Comment XML Schema

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   <?xml version="1.0"?>
   <xs:schema
        targetNamespace=
           "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment"
        xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
        xmlns:com="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment"
        xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
        elementFormDefault="qualified"
        attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

        <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
                   schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd"/>

       <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.Comment"
           type="com:CommentType"/>

       <xs:complexType name="CommentType">
               <xs:sequence>
                   <xs:element name="DataProviderReference"
                     type="xs:token" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>

                   <xs:element name="Comment"
                       type="com:CommentSubType" minOccurs="0"
                       maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

                   <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                       minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
              </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>

       <xs:complexType name="CommentSubType">
        <xs:simpleContent>
         <xs:extension base="xs:string">
          <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
         </xs:extension>
        </xs:simpleContent>
       </xs:complexType>

   </xs:schema>

             Figure 23: EmergencyCallData.Comment XML Schema.

7.6.  provided-by XML Schema

   This section defines the provided-by schema.

 <?xml version="1.0"?>

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 <xs:schema
     targetNamespace=
     "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData"
     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:ad="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData"
     xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
     xmlns:pi="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo"
     xmlns:svc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo"
     xmlns:dev="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo"
     xmlns:sub=
         "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo"
     xmlns:com="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment"
     elementFormDefault="qualified"
     attributeFormDefault="unqualified">

    <xs:import
     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo"
     schemaLocation="ProviderInfo.xsd"/>
    <xs:import
     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo"
     schemaLocation="ServiceInfo.xsd"/>
    <xs:import
     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo"
     schemaLocation="DeviceInfo.xsd"/>
    <xs:import
     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo"
     schemaLocation="SubscriberInfo.xsd"/>
    <xs:import
     namespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment"
     schemaLocation="Comment.xsd"/>

     <xs:element name="EmergencyCallDataReference"
                 type="ad:ByRefType"/>

     <xs:element name="EmergencyCallDataValue"
                 type="ad:EmergencyCallDataValueType"/>

     <!-- Additional Data By Reference -->

     <xs:complexType name="ByRefType">
         <xs:complexContent>
             <xs:restriction base="xs:anyType">
                 <xs:sequence>
                     <xs:any namespace="##other" minOccurs="0"
                         maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax"/>
                 </xs:sequence>
                 <xs:attribute name="purpose" type="xs:token"
                     use="required"/>

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                 <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:anyURI"
                     use="required"/>
             </xs:restriction>
         </xs:complexContent>
     </xs:complexType>

     <!-- Additional Data By Value -->

     <xs:complexType name="EmergencyCallDataValueType">
             <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo"
                     type="pi:ProviderInfoType"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
                 <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo"
                     type="svc:ServiceInfoType"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
                 <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo"
                     type="dev:DeviceInfoType"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
                 <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo"
                     type="sub:SubscriberInfoType"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
                 <xs:element name="EmergencyCallData.Comment"
                     type="com:CommentType"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

                 <xs:any namespace="##other" processContents="lax"
                     minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>

             </xs:sequence>
         </xs:complexType>

 </xs:schema>

                     Figure 24: provided-by XML Schema

8.  Security Considerations

   The data structures described in this document contain information
   usually considered private.  When information is provided by value,
   entities that are a party to the SIP signaling (such as proxy servers
   and back-to-back user agents) will have access to it and need to
   protect it against inappropriate disclosure.  An entity that is able
   to eavesdrop on the SIP signaling will also have access.  Some access
   types (such as in-the-clear Wi-Fi) are more vulnerable than others
   (such as 3G or 4G cellular data traffic) to eavesdropping.
   Mechanisms that protect against eavesdropping (such as Transport
   Layer Security (TLS)) SHOULD be preferentially used whenever

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   feasible.  (This requirement is not a "MUST" because there is an
   existing deployed base of clear-text SIP, and also because, as an
   emergency call, it is more important for the call to go through than
   for it to be protected; e.g., the call MUST proceed even if the TLS
   negotiation or certificate verification fails for whatever reason.)
   When information is provided by reference, HTTPS is REQUIRED for
   dereferencing, and the provider of the information is REQUIRED to
   validate the credentials of the requester.  While the creation of a
   public key infrastructure (PKI) that has global scope may be
   difficult, the alternatives to creating devices and services that can
   provide critical information securely are more daunting.  The
   provider of the information MAY enforce any policy it wishes to use,
   but PSAPs and responder agencies SHOULD deploy a PKI so that
   providers of additional data can check the certificate of the client
   (the requester) and decide the appropriate policy to enforce based on
   that certificate.

   Ideally, the PSAP and emergency responders will be given credentials
   signed by an authority trusted by the data provider.  In most
   circumstances, nationally recognized credentials are sufficient; the
   emergency services community within a country can arrange a PKI, data
   providers can be provisioned with the root CA public key for the
   country.  Some nations are developing a PKI for this, and related,
   purposes.  Since calls could be made from devices where the device
   and/or the service provider(s) are not local to the emergency
   services authorities, globally recognized credentials are useful.
   This might be accomplished by extending the notion of the "forest
   guide" described in [RFC5582] to allow the forest guide to provide
   the credential of the PKI root for areas for which it has coverage
   information, but standards for such a mechanism are not yet
   available.  In its absence, the data provider needs to obtain by out
   of band means the root CA credentials for any areas to which it is
   willing to provide additional data.  With the credential of the root
   CA for a national emergency services PKI, the data provider server
   can validate the credentials of an entity requesting additional data
   by reference.

   The data provider also needs a credential that can be verified by the
   emergency services to know that it is receiving data from an
   authorized server.  The emergency services authorities could provide
   credentials, distinguishable from credentials provided to emergency
   responders and PSAPs, which could be used to validate data providers.
   Such credentials would have to be acceptable to any PSAP or responder
   that could receive a call with additional data supplied by that
   provider.  This would be extensible to global credential validation
   using the forest guide as mentioned above.  In the absence of such
   credentials, the emergency services authorities could maintain a list
   of local data providers' credentials as provided to them out of band.

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   At a minimum, the emergency services authorities could obtain a
   credential from the DNS entry of the domain in the Additional Data
   URI to at least validate that the server is known to the domain
   providing the URI.

   Data provided by devices by reference have similar credential
   validation issues as for service providers, and while the solutions
   are the same, the challenges of doing so for every device are
   obviously more difficult, especially when considering root
   certificate updates, revocation lists, etc.  However, in general,
   devices are not expected to provide data directly by reference, but
   rather, to either provide data by value, or upload the data to a
   server which can more reliably make it available and more easily
   enforce security policy.  Devices which do provide data directly by
   reference, which might include fixed-location sensors, will need to
   be capable of handling this.

   Much of the information supplied by service providers and devices is
   private and confidential; service providers and devices generally go
   to lengths to protect this information; disclosing it in the context
   of an emergency call is a trade-off to protect the greater interest
   of the customer in an emergency.

   Neither service providers nor devices will supply private information
   unless the call is recognized as an emergency call.  In cellular
   telephony systems (such as those using 3GPP IMS), there are different
   procedures for an originating device to place an emergency versus a
   normal call.  If a call that is really an emergency call is initiated
   as a normal call and the cellular service provider recognizes this,
   3GPP IMS permits the service provider to either accept the call
   anyway or reject it with a specific code that instructs the device to
   retry the call as an emergency call.  Service providers ought to
   choose the latter, because otherwise the device will not have
   included the information specified in this document (since the device
   didn't recognize the call as being an emergency call).

9.  Privacy Considerations

   This document enables functionality for conveying additional
   information about the caller and the caller's device and service to
   the callee.  Some of this information is personal data and therefore
   privacy concerns arise.  An explicit privacy indicator for
   information directly relating to the caller's identity is defined and
   use is mandatory.  However, observance of this request for privacy
   and which information it relates to is determined by the destination
   jurisdiction (which replicates functionality provided in some legacy
   emergency services systems).

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   There are a number of privacy concerns with non-emergency real-time
   communication services that are also applicable to emergency calling.
   Data protection regulation world-wide has, however, decided to create
   exceptions for emergency services since the drawbacks of disclosing
   personal data are outweighed by the benefit for the emergency caller.
   Hence, the data protection rights of individuals are commonly waived
   for emergency situations.  There are, however, still various
   countries that offer some degree of anonymity for the caller towards
   PSAP call takers.

   The functionality defined in this document far exceeds the amount of
   information sharing available in the legacy POTS system.  For this
   reason there are additional privacy threats to consider, which are
   described in more detail in [RFC6973].

   Stored Data Compromise:  There is an increased risk of stored data
      compromise since additional data is collected and stored in
      databases.  Without adequate measures to secure stored data from
      unauthorized or inappropriate access at access network providers,
      service providers, end devices, as well as PSAPs, individuals are
      exposed to potential financial, reputational, or physical harm.

   Misattribution:  If the personal data collected and conveyed is
      incorrect or inaccurate then this may lead to misattribution.
      Misattribution occurs when data or communications related to one
      individual are attributed to another.

   Identification:  By the nature of the additional data and its
      capability to provide much richer information about the caller,
      the call, and the location, the calling party is identified in a
      much better way.  Some users may feel uncomfortable with this
      degree of information sharing even in emergency services
      situations.

   Secondary Use:  There is a risk of secondary use, which is the use of
      collected information about an individual without the individual's
      consent for a purpose different from that for which the
      information was collected.  The stated purpose of the additional
      data is for emergency services purposes but theoretically the same
      information could be used for any other call as well.
      Additionally, parties involved in the emergency call may retain
      the obtained information and may re-use it for other, non-
      emergency services purposes.

   Disclosure:  When the data defined in this document is not properly
      protected (while in transit with traditional communication
      security techniques, and while stored using access control

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      mechanisms) there is the risk of disclosure, which is the
      revelation of private information about an individual.

   To mitigate these privacy risks the following countermeasures can be
   taken:

   In regions where callers can elect to suppress certain personally
   identifying information, network or PSAP functionality can inspect
   privacy flags within the SIP headers to determine what information
   may be passed, stored, or displayed to comply with local policy or
   law.  RFC 3325 [RFC3325] defines the "id" priv-value token.  The
   presence of this privacy type in a Privacy header field indicates
   that the user would like the network asserted identity to be kept
   private with respect to SIP entities outside the trust domain with
   which the user authenticated, including the PSAP.

   This document defines various data structures that contain privacy-
   sensitive data.  For example, identifiers for the device (e.g.,
   serial number, MAC address) or account/SIM (e.g., IMSI), contact
   information for the user, location of the caller.  Local regulations
   may govern which data is provided in emergency calls, but in general,
   the emergency call system is aided by the information described in
   this document.  There is a tradeoff between the privacy
   considerations and the utility of the data.  For protection, this
   specification requires all retrieval of data passed by reference to
   be protected against eavesdropping and alteration via communication
   security techniques (namely TLS).  Furthermore, security safeguards
   are required to prevent unauthorized access to stored data.  Various
   security incidents over at least the past few decades have shown that
   data breaches are not uncommon and are often caused by lack of proper
   access control frameworks, software bugs (such as buffer overflows),
   or missing input parsing (such as SQL injection attacks).  The risks
   of data breaches is increased with the obligation for emergency
   services to retain emergency call related data for extended periods
   (e.g., several years are the norm).

   Finally, it is also worth highlighting the nature of the SIP
   communication architecture, which introduces additional complications
   for privacy.  Some forms of data can be sent by value in the SIP
   signaling or by reference (a URL in the SIP signaling).  When data is
   sent by value, all intermediaries have access to the data.  As such,
   these intermediaries may also introduce additional privacy risk.
   Therefore, in situations where the conveyed information is privacy-
   sensitive and intermediaries are involved, transmitting by reference
   might be appropriate, assuming the source of the data can operate a
   sufficient dereferencing infrastructure and that proper access
   control policies are available for distinguishing the different
   entities dereferencing the reference.  Without access control

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   policies any party in possession of the reference is able to resolve
   the reference and to obtain the data, including intermediaries.

10.  IANA Considerations

10.1.  Registry creation

   This document creates a new registry called 'Emergency Call
   Additional Data'.  The following sub-registries are created for this
   registry.

10.1.1.  Provider ID Series Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called "Additional Call Data
   Provider ID Series".  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates
   under "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should determine that the
   entity requesting a new value is a legitimate issuer of service
   provider IDs suitable for use in Additional Call Data.

   Private entities issuing or using internally-generated IDs are
   encouraged to register here and to ensure that all IDs they issue or
   use are unique.  This guarantees that IDs issued or used by the
   entity are globally unique and distinguishable from other IDs issued
   or used by the same or a different entity.  (Some organizations, such
   as NENA, issue IDs that are unique among all IDs they issue, so an
   entity using a combination of its NENA ID and the fact that it is
   from NENA is globally unique.  Other entities might not have an ID
   issued by an organization such as NENA, so they are permitted to use
   their domain name, but if so, it needs to be unique.)

   The content of this registry includes:

   Name:  An identifier to be used in the 'ProviderIDSeries' element.

   Source:  The full name of the organization issuing the identifiers.

   URL:  A URL to the organization for further information.

   The initial set of values is listed in Figure 1.

10.1.2.  Service Environment Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Additional Call
   Service Environment'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry
   operates under "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should determine
   that the entity requesting a new value is relevant for this service
   element, and that the new value is distinct from existing values, and
   its use is unambiguous.

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   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The value to be used in the <ServiceEnvironment> element.

   Description:  A short description of the value.

   The initial set of values is listed in Figure 4.

10.1.3.  Service Type Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Additional Call
   Service Type'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under
   "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should determine that the entity
   requesting a new value is relevant for this service element and that
   the requested value is clearly distinct from other values so that
   there is no ambiguity as to when the value is to be used or which
   value is to be used.

   The content of this registry includes:

   Name:  The value to be used in the <ServiceType> element.

   Description:  A short description of the value.

   The initial set of values is listed in Figure 5.

10.1.4.  Service Mobility Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Additional Call
   Service Mobility'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates
   under "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should determine that the
   entity requesting a new value is relevant for this service element
   and that the requested value is clearly distinct from other values so
   that there is no ambiguity as to when the value is to be used or
   which value is to be used.

   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The value used in the <ServiceMobility> element.

   Description:  A short description of the value.

   The initial set of values is listed in Figure 6.

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10.1.5.  Service Provider Type Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Service Provider
   Type'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under "Expert
   Review".  The expert should determine that the proposed new value is
   distinct from existing values and appropriate for use in the
   <TypeOfServicerProvider> element

   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The value used in the <TypeOfProvider> element.

   Description:  A short description of the type of service provider.

   The initial set of values is defined in Figure 2.

10.1.6.  Device Classification Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Device
   Classification'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates
   under "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should consider whether the
   proposed class is unique from existing classes and the definition of
   the class will be clear to implementors and PSAPs/responders.

   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  Value used in the <DeviceClassification> element.

   Description:  Short description identifying the device type.

   The initial set of values are defined in Figure 8.

10.1.7.  Device ID Type Type Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Additional Call Data
   Device ID Type'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates
   under "Expert Review" rules.  The expert should ascertain that the
   proposed type is well understood, and provides information which
   PSAPs and responders are able to use to uniquely identify a device.
   (For example, a biometric fingerprint used to authenticate a device
   would not normally be useful by a PSAP or responder to identify a
   device.)

   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The value to be placed in the <TypeOfDeviceID> element.

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   Description:  Short description identifying the type of the device
      ID.

   The initial set of values are defined in Figure 9.

10.1.8.  Device/Service Data Type Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Device/Service Data
   Type Registry'.  As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates
   under "Specification Required" rules, which include an explicit
   expert review.  The designated expert should ascertain that the
   proposed type is well understood, and provides information useful to
   PSAPs and responders.  The specification must contain a complete
   description of the data, and a precise format specification suitable
   to allow interoperable implementations.

   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The value to be placed in the <DeviceSpecificType> element.

   Description:  Short description identifying the data.

   Specification:  Citation for the specification of the data.

   The initial set of values are listed in Figure 10.

10.1.9.  Emergency Call Data Types Registry

   This document creates a new sub-registry called 'Emergency Call Data
   Types' in the 'purpose' registry established by RFC 3261 [RFC3261].
   As defined in [RFC5226], this registry operates under "Specification
   Required" rules, which include an explicit expert review.  The expert
   is responsible for verifying that the document contains a complete
   and clear specification and the proposed functionality does not
   obviously duplicate existing functionality.  The expert is also
   responsible for verifying that the block is correctly categorized per
   the description of the categories in Section 1.

   The registry contains an entry for every data block that can be sent
   with an emergency call using the mechanisms as specified in this
   document.  Each data block is identified by the "root" of its MIME
   subtype (which is the part after 'EmergencyCallData.').  If the MIME
   subtype does not start with 'EmergencyCallData.', then it cannot be
   registered here nor used in a Call-Info header as specified in this
   document.  The subtype MAY exist under any MIME media type (although
   most commonly these are under 'Application/' this is NOT REQUIRED),
   however, to be added to the registry the "root" needs to be unique
   regardless of the MIME media type.

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   The content of this registry includes:

   Token:  The root of the data's MIME subtype (not including the
      'EmergencyCallData' prefix and any suffix such as '+xml')

   Data About:  A hint as to if the block is considered descriptive of
      the call, the caller, or the location (or is applicable to more
      than one), which may help PSAPs and other entities determine if
      they wish to process the block.  Note that this is only a hint;
      entities need to consider the block's contents, not just this
      field, when determining if they wish to process the block (which
      is why the field only exists in the registry, and is not contained
      within the block).  The value MUST be either "The Call", "The
      Caller", "The Location", or "Multiple".  New values are created by
      extending this registry in a subsequent RFC.

   Reference:  The document that describes the data object

   Note that the tokens in this registry are part of the
   'EmergencyCallData' compound value; when used as a value of the
   'purpose' parameter of the Call-Info header, the values listed in
   this registry are prefixed by 'EmergencyCallData.' per the
   'EmergencyCallData' registation Section 10.2.

   The initial set of values are listed in Figure 25.

      +----------------+--------------+------------+
      | Token          |  Data About  | Reference  |
      +----------------+--------------+------------+
      | ProviderInfo   |   The Call   | [This RFC] |
      | ServiceInfo    |   The Call   | [This RFC] |
      | DeviceInfo     |   The Call   | [This RFC] |
      | SubscriberInfo |   The Call   | [This RFC] |
      | Comment        |   The Call   | [This RFC] |
      +----------------+--------------+------------+

                Figure 25: Additional Data Blocks Registry

10.2.  'EmergencyCallData' Purpose Parameter Value

   This document defines the 'EmergencyCallData' value for the "purpose"
   parameter of the Call-Info header field.  The Call-Info header and
   the corresponding registry for the 'purpose' parameter was
   established with RFC 3261 [RFC3261].  Note that 'EmergencyCallData'
   is a compound value; when used as a value of the 'purpose' parameter
   of the Call-Info header, 'EmergencyCallData' is immediately followed
   by a dot ('.') and a value from the 'Emergency Call Data Types'
   registry Section 10.1.9.

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      Header       Parameter   New
      Field        Name        Value               Reference
      ----------   ---------   -----------------   ---------
      Call-Info    purpose     EmergencyCallData   [This RFC]

10.3.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration for <provided-by> Registry Entry

   This section registers the namespace specified in Section 10.5.1 in
   the provided-by registry established by RFC 4119, for usage within
   the <provided-by> element of a PIDF-LO.

   The schema for the <provided-by> element used by this document is
   specified in Section 7.6.

10.4.  MIME Registrations

10.4.1.  MIME Content-type Registration for 'application/
         EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml'

   This specification requests the registration of a new MIME type
   according to the procedures of RFC 6838 [RFC6838] and guidelines in
   RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      MIME media type name: application

      MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.ProviderInfo+xml

      Mandatory parameters: none

      Optional parameters: charset (indicates the character encoding of
      the contents)

      Encoding considerations: Uses XML, which can contain 8-bit
      characters, depending on the character encoding.  See Section 3.2
      of RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      Security considerations: This content type is designed to carry
      the data provider information, which is a sub-category of
      additional data about an emergency call.  Since this data may
      contain personal information, appropriate precautions might be
      needed to limit unauthorized access, inappropriate disclosure, and
      eavesdropping of personal information.  Please refer to Section 8
      and Section 9 for more information.

      Interoperability considerations: None

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      Published specification: [TBD: This specification]

      Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services

      Additional information:

         Magic Number: None

         File Extension: .xml

         Macintosh file type code: 'TEXT'

      Person and email address for further information: Hannes
      Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net

      Intended usage: LIMITED USE

      Author: This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT
      working group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.

      Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>

10.4.2.  MIME Content-type Registration for 'application/
         EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo+xml'

   This specification requests the registration of a new MIME type
   according to the procedures of RFC 6838 [RFC6838] and guidelines in
   RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      MIME media type name: application

      MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.ServiceInfo+xml

      Mandatory parameters: none

      Optional parameters: charset (indicates the character encoding of
      the contents)

      Encoding considerations: Uses XML, which can contain 8-bit
      characters, depending on the character encoding.  See Section 3.2
      of RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      Security considerations: This content type is designed to carry
      the service information, which is a sub-category of additional
      data about an emergency call.  Since this data may contain
      personal information, appropriate precautions may be needed to
      limit unauthorized access, inappropriate disclosure, and

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      eavesdropping of personal information.  Please refer to Section 8
      and Section 9 for more information.

      Interoperability considerations: None

      Published specification: [TBD: This specification]

      Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services

      Additional information:

         Magic Number: None

         File Extension: .xml

         Macintosh file type code: 'TEXT'

      Person and email address for further information: Hannes
      Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net

      Intended usage: LIMITED USE

      Author: This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT
      working group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.

      Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>

10.4.3.  MIME Content-type Registration for 'application/
         EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml'

   This specification requests the registration of a new MIME type
   according to the procedures of RFC 6838 [RFC6838] and guidelines in
   RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      MIME media type name: application

      MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.DeviceInfo+xml

      Mandatory parameters: none

      Optional parameters: charset (indicates the character encoding of
      the contents)

      Encoding considerations: Uses XML, which can contain 8-bit
      characters, depending on the character encoding.  See Section 3.2
      of RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

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      Security considerations: This content type is designed to carry
      device information, which is a sub-category of additional data
      about an emergency call.  Since this data contains personal
      information, appropriate precautions need to be taken to limit
      unauthorized access, inappropriate disclosure to third parties,
      and eavesdropping of this information.  Please refer to Section 8
      and Section 9 for more information.

      Interoperability considerations: None

      Published specification: [TBD: This specification]

      Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services

      Additional information:

         Magic Number: None

         File Extension: .xml

         Macintosh file type code: 'TEXT'

      Person and email address for further information: Hannes
      Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net

      Intended usage: LIMITED USE

      Author: This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT
      working group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.

      Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>

10.4.4.  MIME Content-type Registration for 'application/
         EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo+xml'

   This specification requests the registration of a new MIME type
   according to the procedures of RFC 6838 [RFC6838] and guidelines in
   RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      MIME media type name: application

      MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.SubscriberInfo+xml

      Mandatory parameters: none

      Optional parameters: charset (indicates the character encoding of
      the contents)

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      Encoding considerations: Uses XML, which can contain 8-bit
      characters, depending on the character encoding.  See Section 3.2
      of RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      Security considerations: This content type is designed to carry
      owner/subscriber information, which is a sub-category of
      additional data about an emergency call.  Since this data contains
      personal information, appropriate precautions need to be taken to
      limit unauthorized access, inappropriate disclosure to third
      parties, and eavesdropping of this information.  Please refer to
      Section 8 and Section 9 for more information.

      Interoperability considerations: None

      Published specification: [TBD: This specification]

      Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services

      Additional information:

         Magic Number: None

         File Extension: .xml

         Macintosh file type code: 'TEXT'

      Person and email address for further information: Hannes
      Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net

      Intended usage: LIMITED USE

      Author: This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT
      working group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.

      Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>

10.4.5.  MIME Content-type Registration for 'application/
         EmergencyCallData.Comment+xml'

   This specification requests the registration of a new MIME type
   according to the procedures of RFC 6838 [RFC6838] and guidelines in
   RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      MIME media type name: application

      MIME subtype name: EmergencyCallData.Comment+xml

      Mandatory parameters: none

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      Optional parameters: charset (indicates the character encoding of
      the contents)

      Encoding considerations: Uses XML, which can contain 8-bit
      characters, depending on the character encoding.  See Section 3.2
      of RFC 7303 [RFC7303].

      Security considerations: This content type is designed to carry a
      comment, which is a sub-category of additional data about an
      emergency call.  This data may contain personal information.
      Appropriate precautions may be needed to limit unauthorized
      access, inappropriate disclosure to third parties, and
      eavesdropping of this information.  Please refer to Section 8 and
      Section 9 for more information.

      Interoperability considerations: None

      Published specification: [TBD: This specification]

      Applications which use this media type: Emergency Services

      Additional information:

         Magic Number: None

         File Extension: .xml

         Macintosh file type code: 'TEXT'

      Person and email address for further information: Hannes
      Tschofenig, Hannes.Tschofenig@gmx.net

      Intended usage: LIMITED USE

      Author: This specification is a work item of the IETF ECRIT
      working group, with mailing list address <ecrit@ietf.org>.

      Change controller: The IESG <ietf@ietf.org>

10.5.  URN Sub-Namespace Registration

10.5.1.  Registration for urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData

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   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.5.2.  Registration for
         urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ProviderInfo

   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

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      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data:
               Data Provider Information</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
        <h2>Data Provider Information</h2>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.5.3.  Registration for
         urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:ServiceInfo

   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

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      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data:
               Service Information</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
        <h2>Service Information</h2>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.5.4.  Registration for
         urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:DeviceInfo

   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

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      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data:
               Device Information</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
        <h2>Device Information</h2>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.5.5.  Registration for
         urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:SubscriberInfo

   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

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      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data:
               Owner/Subscriber Information</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
        <h2> Owner/Subscriber Information</h2>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.5.6.  Registration for
         urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment

   This section registers a new XML namespace, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

   URI:  urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:EmergencyCallData:Comment

   Registrant Contact:  IETF, ECRIT working group, <ecrit@ietf.org>, as
      delegated by the IESG <iesg@ietf.org>.

   XML:

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      BEGIN
      <?xml version="1.0"?>
      <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML Basic 1.0//EN"
        "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-basic/xhtml-basic10.dtd">
      <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <head>
        <meta http-equiv="content-type"
              content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1"/>
        <title>Namespace for Additional Emergency Call Data:Comment
           </title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Namespace for Additional Data related to an Emergency Call
           </h1>
        <h2> Comment</h2>
      <p>See [TBD: This document].</p>
      </body>
      </html>
      END

10.6.  Schema Registrations

   This specification registers five schemas, as per the guidelines in
   RFC 3688 [RFC3688].

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:emergencycalldata:ProviderInfo

      Registrant Contact: IETF, ECRIT Working Group (ecrit@ietf.org), as
      delegated by the IESG (iesg@ietf.org).

      XML: The XML schema can be found in Figure 19.

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:emergencycalldata:ServiceInfo

      Registrant Contact: IETF, ECRIT Working Group (ectit@ietf.org), as
      delegated by the IESG (iesg@ietf.org).

      XML: The XML schema can be found in Figure 20.

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:emergencycalldata:DeviceInfo

      Registrant Contact: IETF, ECRIT Working Group (ecrit@ietf.org), as
      delegated by the IESG (iesg@ietf.org).

      XML: The XML schema can be found in Figure 21.

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:emergencycalldata:SubscriberInfo

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      Registrant Contact: IETF, ECRIT Working Group (ecrit@ietf.org), as
      delegated by the IESG (iesg@ietf.org).

      XML: The XML schema can be found in Section 7.4.

      URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:schema:emergencycalldata:comment

      Registrant Contact: IETF, ECRIT Working Group (ecrit@ietf.org), as
      delegated by the IESG (iesg@ietf.org).

      XML: The XML schema can be found in Section 7.5.

10.7.  VCard Parameter Value Registration

   This document registers a new value in the vCARD Parameter Values
   registry as defined by [RFC6350] with the following template:

   Value:  main

   Purpose:  The main telephone number, typically of an enterprise, as
      opposed to a direct dial number of an individual employee

   Conformance:  This value can be used with the "TYPE" parameter
      applied on the "TEL" property.

   Example(s):  TEL;VALUE=uri;TYPE="main,voice";PREF=1:tel:+1-418-656-90
      00

11.  Acknowledgments

   This work was originally started in NENA and has benefitted from a
   large number of participants in NENA standardization efforts,
   originally in the Long Term Definition Working Group, the Data
   Technical Committee and most recently the Additional Data working
   group.  The authors are grateful for the initial work and extended
   comments provided by many NENA participants, including Delaine
   Arnold, Marc Berryman, Guy Caron, Mark Fletcher, Brian Dupras, James
   Leyerle, Kathy McMahon, Christian, Militeau, Ira Pyles, Matt Serra,
   and Robert (Bob) Sherry.  Amursana Khiyod, Robert Sherry, Frank
   Rahoi, Scott Ross, and Tom Klepetka provided valuable feedback
   regarding the vCard/xCard use in this specification.

   We would also like to thank Paul Kyzivat, Gunnar Hellstrom, Martin
   Thomson, Keith Drage, Laura Liess, Chris Santer, Barbara Stark, Chris
   Santer, and Archie Cobbs for their review comments.  Alissa Cooper
   and Guy Caron deserves special mention for their detailed and
   extensive review comments, which were very helpful and appreciated.

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12.  References

12.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2392]  Levinson, E., "Content-ID and Message-ID Uniform Resource
              Locators", RFC 2392, August 1998.

   [RFC3204]  Zimmerer, E., Peterson, J., Vemuri, A., Ong, L., Audet,
              F., Watson, M., and M. Zonoun, "MIME media types for ISUP
              and QSIG Objects", RFC 3204, December 2001.

   [RFC3261]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston,
              A., Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E.
              Schooler, "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261,
              June 2002.

   [RFC3459]  Burger, E., "Critical Content Multi-purpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Parameter", RFC 3459, January 2003.

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              January 2004.

   [RFC3966]  Schulzrinne, H., "The tel URI for Telephone Numbers", RFC
              3966, December 2004.

   [RFC4119]  Peterson, J., "A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object
              Format", RFC 4119, December 2005.

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
              May 2008.

   [RFC5322]  Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322,
              October 2008.

   [RFC5621]  Camarillo, G., "Message Body Handling in the Session
              Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 5621, September 2009.

   [RFC5646]  Phillips, A. and M. Davis, "Tags for Identifying
              Languages", BCP 47, RFC 5646, September 2009.

   [RFC6350]  Perreault, S., "vCard Format Specification", RFC 6350,
              August 2011.

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   [RFC6351]  Perreault, S., "xCard: vCard XML Representation", RFC
              6351, August 2011.

   [RFC6838]  Freed, N., Klensin, J., and T. Hansen, "Media Type
              Specifications and Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC
              6838, January 2013.

   [RFC7303]  Thompson, H. and C. Lilley, "XML Media Types", RFC 7303,
              July 2014.

12.2.  Informational References

   [ECRIT-WG-wiki]
              IETF, "ECRIT WG Wiki"", July 2015,
              <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/ecrit/trac/attachment/wiki/
              WikiStart/additional-data-examples.zip>.

   [I-D.gellens-slim-negotiating-human-language]
              Gellens, R., "Negotiating Human Language in Real-Time
              Communications", draft-gellens-slim-negotiating-human-
              language-01 (work in progress), April 2015.

   [IANA-XML-Schemas]
              IANA, "IANA XML Schemas"", July 2015,
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/xml-registry/
              xml-registry.xhtml#schema>.

   [LanguageTagRegistry]
              IANA, "Language Subtag Registry", Feb 2015,
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/
              language-subtag-registry>.

   [RFC3325]  Jennings, C., Peterson, J., and M. Watson, "Private
              Extensions to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) for
              Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks", RFC 3325,
              November 2002.

   [RFC3840]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., and P. Kyzivat,
              "Indicating User Agent Capabilities in the Session
              Initiation Protocol (SIP)", RFC 3840, August 2004.

   [RFC5012]  Schulzrinne, H. and R. Marshall, "Requirements for
              Emergency Context Resolution with Internet Technologies",
              RFC 5012, January 2008.

   [RFC5139]  Thomson, M. and J. Winterbottom, "Revised Civic Location
              Format for Presence Information Data Format Location
              Object (PIDF-LO)", RFC 5139, February 2008.

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   [RFC5491]  Winterbottom, J., Thomson, M., and H. Tschofenig, "GEOPRIV
              Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO)
              Usage Clarification, Considerations, and Recommendations",
              RFC 5491, March 2009.

   [RFC5582]  Schulzrinne, H., "Location-to-URL Mapping Architecture and
              Framework", RFC 5582, September 2009.

   [RFC5962]  Schulzrinne, H., Singh, V., Tschofenig, H., and M.
              Thomson, "Dynamic Extensions to the Presence Information
              Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO)", RFC 5962,
              September 2010.

   [RFC5985]  Barnes, M., "HTTP-Enabled Location Delivery (HELD)", RFC
              5985, September 2010.

   [RFC6443]  Rosen, B., Schulzrinne, H., Polk, J., and A. Newton,
              "Framework for Emergency Calling Using Internet
              Multimedia", RFC 6443, December 2011.

   [RFC6848]  Winterbottom, J., Thomson, M., Barnes, R., Rosen, B., and
              R. George, "Specifying Civic Address Extensions in the
              Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-
              LO)", RFC 6848, January 2013.

   [RFC6881]  Rosen, B. and J. Polk, "Best Current Practice for
              Communications Services in Support of Emergency Calling",
              BCP 181, RFC 6881, March 2013.

   [RFC6973]  Cooper, A., Tschofenig, H., Aboba, B., Peterson, J.,
              Morris, J., Hansen, M., and R. Smith, "Privacy
              Considerations for Internet Protocols", RFC 6973, July
              2013.

   [RFC7035]  Thomson, M., Rosen, B., Stanley, D., Bajko, G., and A.
              Thomson, "Relative Location Representation", RFC 7035,
              October 2013.

   [RFC7090]  Schulzrinne, H., Tschofenig, H., Holmberg, C., and M.
              Patel, "Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) Callback",
              RFC 7090, April 2014.

12.3.  URIs

   [1] http://www.nena.org/?page=cid2014

   [2] http://www.nena.org/?page=CompanyID

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Appendix A.  XML Schema for vCard/xCard

   This section contains the vCard/xCard XML schema version of the Relax
   NG schema defined in RFC 6351 [RFC6351] for simplified use with the
   XML schemas defined in this document.  The schema in RFC 6351
   [RFC6351] is the normative source and this section is informative
   only.

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
   <xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   elementFormDefault="qualified"
   targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0"
   xmlns:ns1="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:vcard-4.0">
     <!--

       3.3
       iana-token = xsd:string { pattern = "[a-zA-Z0-9-]+" }
       x-name = xsd:string { pattern = "x-[a-zA-Z0-9-]+" }
     -->
     <xs:simpleType name="iana-token">
       <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>vCard Format Specification
         </xs:documentation>
       </xs:annotation>
       <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
     </xs:simpleType>
     <xs:simpleType name="x-name">
       <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
     </xs:simpleType>
     <!--

       4.1
     -->
     <xs:element name="text" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:group name="value-text-list">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:text"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <!-- 4.2 -->
     <xs:element name="uri" type="xs:anyURI"/>
     <!-- 4.3.1 -->
     <xs:element name="date"
     substitutionGroup="ns1:value-date-and-or-time">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern value=

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   "\d{8}|\d{4}-\d\d|--\d\d(\d\d)?|---\d\d"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 4.3.2 -->
     <xs:element name="time"
     substitutionGroup="ns1:value-date-and-or-time">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern value=
   "(\d\d(\d\d(\d\d)?)?|-\d\d(\d\d?)|--\d\d)(Z|[+\-]\d\d(\d\d)?)?"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 4.3.3 -->
     <xs:element name="date-time"
     substitutionGroup="ns1:value-date-and-or-time">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern value=
   "(\d{8}|--\d{4}|---\d\d)T\d\d(\d\d(\d\d)?)?(Z|[+\-]\d\d(\d\d)?)?"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 4.3.4 -->
     <xs:element name="value-date-and-or-time" abstract="true"/>
     <!-- 4.3.5 -->
     <xs:complexType name="value-timestamp">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:timestamp"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:complexType>
     <xs:element name="timestamp">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern value="\d{8}T\d{6}(Z|[+\-]\d\d(\d\d)?)?"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 4.4 -->
     <xs:element name="boolean" type="xs:boolean"/>
     <!-- 4.5 -->
     <xs:element name="integer" type="xs:integer"/>
     <!-- 4.6 -->
     <xs:element name="float" type="xs:float"/>
     <!-- 4.7 -->
     <xs:element name="utc-offset">
       <xs:simpleType>

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         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern value="[+\-]\d\d(\d\d)?"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 4.8 -->
     <xs:element name="language-tag">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
           <xs:pattern
   value="([a-z]{2,3}((-[a-z]{3}){0,3})?|[a-z]{4,8})
   (-[a-z]{4})?(-([a-z]{2}|\d{3}))?(-([0-9a-z]{5,8}|
   \d[0-9a-z]{3}))*(-[0-9a-wyz](-[0-9a-z]{2,8})+)*
   (-x(-[0-9a-z]{1,8})+)?|x(-[0-9a-z]{1,8})+|[a-z]{1,3}
   (-[0-9a-z]{2,8}){1,2}"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <!--

       5.1
     -->
     <xs:group name="param-language">
       <xs:annotation>
         <xs:documentation>Section 5: Parameters</xs:documentation>
       </xs:annotation>
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:language"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="language">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:language-tag"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.2 -->
     <xs:group name="param-pref">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:pref"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="pref">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element name="integer">
             <xs:simpleType>

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               <xs:restriction base="xs:integer">
                 <xs:minInclusive value="1"/>
                 <xs:maxInclusive value="100"/>
               </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.4 -->
     <xs:group name="param-altid">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:altid"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="altid">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.5 -->
     <xs:group name="param-pid">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:pid"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="pid">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="text">
             <xs:simpleType>
               <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
                 <xs:pattern value="\d+(\.\d+)?"/>
               </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.6 -->
     <xs:group name="param-type">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:type"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="type">

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       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="text">
             <xs:simpleType>
               <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                 <xs:enumeration value="work"/>
                 <xs:enumeration value="home"/>
               </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.7 -->
     <xs:group name="param-mediatype">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:mediatype"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="mediatype">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.8 -->
     <xs:group name="param-calscale">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:calscale"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="calscale">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element name="text">
             <xs:simpleType>
               <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                 <xs:enumeration value="gregorian"/>
               </xs:restriction>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.9 -->
     <xs:group name="param-sort-as">
       <xs:sequence>

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         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:sort-as"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="sort-as">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 5.10 -->
     <xs:group name="param-geo">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="geo">
           <xs:complexType>
             <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
             </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <!-- 5.11 -->
     <xs:group name="param-tz">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="tz">
           <xs:complexType>
             <xs:choice>
               <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
               <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
             </xs:choice>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <!--

       6.1.3
     -->
     <xs:element name="source">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>

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                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.1.4 -->
     <xs:element name="kind">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="text">
             <xs:simpleType>
               <xs:union memberTypes="ns1:x-name ns1:iana-token">
                 <xs:simpleType>
                   <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                     <xs:enumeration value="individual"/>
                   </xs:restriction>
                 </xs:simpleType>
                 <xs:simpleType>
                   <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                     <xs:enumeration value="group"/>
                   </xs:restriction>
                 </xs:simpleType>
                 <xs:simpleType>
                   <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                     <xs:enumeration value="org"/>
                   </xs:restriction>
                 </xs:simpleType>
                 <xs:simpleType>
                   <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                     <xs:enumeration value="location"/>
                   </xs:restriction>
                 </xs:simpleType>
               </xs:union>
             </xs:simpleType>
           </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.1 -->
     <xs:element name="fn">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>

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                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.2 -->
     <xs:element name="n">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-sort-as"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:surname"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:given"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:additional"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:prefix"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:suffix"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="surname" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="given" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="additional" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="prefix" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="suffix" type="xs:string"/>
     <!-- 6.2.3 -->
     <xs:element name="nickname">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>

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                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:group ref="ns1:value-text-list"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.4 -->
     <xs:element name="photo">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.5 -->
     <xs:element name="bday">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-calscale"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:choice>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:value-date-and-or-time"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
           </xs:choice>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.6 -->

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     <xs:element name="anniversary">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-calscale"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:choice>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:value-date-and-or-time"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
           </xs:choice>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.2.7 -->
     <xs:element name="gender">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:sex"/>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:identity"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="sex">
       <xs:simpleType>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
           <xs:enumeration value=""/>
           <xs:enumeration value="M"/>
           <xs:enumeration value="F"/>
           <xs:enumeration value="O"/>
           <xs:enumeration value="N"/>
           <xs:enumeration value="U"/>
         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:simpleType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="identity" type="xs:string"/>
     <!-- 6.3.1 -->
     <xs:group name="param-label">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element minOccurs="0" ref="ns1:label"/>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <xs:element name="label">
       <xs:complexType>

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         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="adr">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-geo"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-tz"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-label"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:pobox"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:ext"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:street"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:locality"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:region"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:code"/>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:country"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="pobox" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="ext" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="street" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="locality" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="region" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="code" type="xs:string"/>
     <xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>
     <!-- 6.4.1 -->
     <xs:element name="tel">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>

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                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="type">
                   <xs:complexType>
                     <xs:sequence>
                       <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="text">
                         <xs:simpleType>
                           <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                             <xs:enumeration value="work"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="home"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="text"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="voice"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="fax"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="cell"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="video"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="pager"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="textphone"/>
                           </xs:restriction>
                         </xs:simpleType>
                       </xs:element>
                     </xs:sequence>
                   </xs:complexType>
                 </xs:element>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:choice>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
           </xs:choice>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.4.2 -->
     <xs:element name="email">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>

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         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.4.3 -->
     <xs:element name="impp">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.4.4 -->
     <xs:element name="lang">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:language-tag"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.5.1 -->
     <xs:group name="property-tz">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name="tz">
           <xs:complexType>
             <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
                 <xs:complexType>

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                   <xs:sequence>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
                   </xs:sequence>
                 </xs:complexType>
               </xs:element>
               <xs:choice>
                 <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
                 <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
                 <xs:element ref="ns1:utc-offset"/>
               </xs:choice>
             </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <!-- 6.5.2 -->
     <xs:group name="property-geo">
       <xs:sequence>
         <xs:element name="geo">
           <xs:complexType>
             <xs:sequence>
               <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
                 <xs:complexType>
                   <xs:sequence>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                     <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
                   </xs:sequence>
                 </xs:complexType>
               </xs:element>
               <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
             </xs:sequence>
           </xs:complexType>
         </xs:element>
       </xs:sequence>
     </xs:group>
     <!-- 6.6.1 -->
     <xs:element name="title">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>

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               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.6.2 -->
     <xs:element name="role">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.6.3 -->
     <xs:element name="logo">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>

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           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.6.4 -->
     <xs:element name="org">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-sort-as"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:group ref="ns1:value-text-list"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.6.5 -->
     <xs:element name="member">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.6.6 -->
     <xs:element name="related">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>

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               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="type">
                   <xs:complexType>
                     <xs:sequence>
                       <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="text">
                         <xs:simpleType>
                           <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
                             <xs:enumeration value="work"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="home"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="contact"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="acquaintance"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="friend"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="met"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="co-worker"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="colleague"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="co-resident"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="neighbor"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="child"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="parent"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="sibling"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="spouse"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="kin"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="muse"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="crush"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="date"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="sweetheart"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="me"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="agent"/>
                             <xs:enumeration value="emergency"/>
                           </xs:restriction>
                         </xs:simpleType>
                       </xs:element>
                     </xs:sequence>
                   </xs:complexType>
                 </xs:element>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:choice>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
           </xs:choice>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>

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     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.1 -->
     <xs:element name="categories">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:group ref="ns1:value-text-list"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.2 -->
     <xs:element name="note">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.3 -->
     <xs:element name="prodid">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.4 -->
     <xs:element name="rev" type="ns1:value-timestamp"/>

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     <!-- 6.7.5 -->
     <xs:element name="sound">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-language"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.6 -->
     <xs:element name="uid">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.7.7 -->
     <xs:element name="clientpidmap">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:sourceid"/>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <xs:element name="sourceid" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>
     <!-- 6.7.8 -->
     <xs:element name="url">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>

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                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.8.1 -->
     <xs:element name="key">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:choice>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:text"/>
           </xs:choice>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.9.1 -->
     <xs:element name="fburl">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>

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       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.9.2 -->
     <xs:element name="caladruri">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- 6.9.3 -->
     <xs:element name="caluri">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element minOccurs="0" name="parameters">
             <xs:complexType>
               <xs:sequence>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-altid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pid"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-pref"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-type"/>
                 <xs:group ref="ns1:param-mediatype"/>
               </xs:sequence>
             </xs:complexType>
           </xs:element>
           <xs:element ref="ns1:uri"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
     <!-- Top-level grammar -->
     <xs:group name="property">
       <xs:choice>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:adr"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:anniversary"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:bday"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:caladruri"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:caluri"/>

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         <xs:element ref="ns1:categories"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:clientpidmap"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:email"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:fburl"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:fn"/>
         <xs:group ref="ns1:property-geo"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:impp"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:key"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:kind"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:lang"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:logo"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:member"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:n"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:nickname"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:note"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:org"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:photo"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:prodid"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:related"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:rev"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:role"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:gender"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:sound"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:source"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:tel"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:title"/>
         <xs:group ref="ns1:property-tz"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:uid"/>
         <xs:element ref="ns1:url"/>
       </xs:choice>
     </xs:group>

     <xs:element name="vcards">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:sequence>
           <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" ref="ns1:vcard"/>
         </xs:sequence>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>

     <xs:complexType name="vcardType">
       <xs:complexContent>
         <xs:restriction base="xs:anyType">
           <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
             <xs:group ref="ns1:property"/>
             <xs:element ref="ns1:group"/>
           </xs:choice>

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         </xs:restriction>
       </xs:complexContent>
     </xs:complexType>

     <xs:element name="vcard"  type="ns1:vcardType"/>

     <xs:element name="group">
       <xs:complexType>
         <xs:group minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"
         ref="ns1:property"/>
         <xs:attribute name="name" use="required"/>
       </xs:complexType>
     </xs:element>
   </xs:schema>

Appendix B.  XML Validation

   This document defines a number of XML schemas and contains various
   examples.  Extracting the XML and validating the examples against the
   schemas can be challenging, especially due to the formatting
   limitations introduced by IETF RFCs.  For those readers who copy the
   XML schemas and examples directly from this document, please consider
   that errors might be introduced due to line breaks and extra
   whitespaces in the regular expressions contained in the vcard schema
   in Appendix A.  To validate the PIDF-LO from Figure 18 it is also
   necessary to consult the referenced RFCs and copy the schemas
   necessary for successful validation.

   The XML schemas found in this document include a 'SchemaLocation'
   attribute.  Depending on the location of the downloaded schema files
   you may need to adjust this schema location or configure your XML
   editor to point to the location.

   For convenience of readers, the schemas are available at http://ip-
   emergency.net/additional-data.zip and the XML examples are available
   at the IETF ECRIT Working Group wiki page [ECRIT-WG-wiki].

   Note to RFC Editor: After IANA has published the schemas, the above
   link to the schemas should be replaced with [IANA-XML-Schemas].

Authors' Addresses

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   Randall Gellens
   Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
   5775 Morehouse Drive
   San Diego, CA  92121
   US

   Email: rg+ietf@qti.qualcomm.com

   Brian Rosen
   NeuStar
   470 Conrad Dr.
   Mars, PA  16046
   US

   Phone: +1 724 382 1051
   Email: br@brianrosen.net

   Hannes Tschofenig
   Hall in Tirol  6060
   Austria

   Email: Hannes.tschofenig@gmx.net
   URI:   http://www.tschofenig.priv.at

   Roger Marshall
   TeleCommunication Systems, Inc.
   2401 Elliott Avenue
   Seattle, WA  98121
   US

   Phone: +1 206 792 2424
   Email: rmarshall@telecomsys.com
   URI:   http://www.telecomsys.com

   James Winterbottom
   AU

   Email: a.james.winterbottom@gmail.com

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