IANA Registration for Enumservice Voice
draft-ietf-enum-voice-01

ENUM                                                         R. Brandner
Internet-Draft                                                Siemens AG
Expires: April 22, 2006                                        L. Conroy
                                             Siemens Roke Manor Research
                                                              R. Stastny
                                                                   Oefeg
                                                        October 19, 2005

                IANA Registration for Enumservice Voice
                     <draft-ietf-enum-voice-01.txt>

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   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).

Abstract

   This document registers the ENUMservice "voice" (which has a defined
   sub-type "tel"), as per the IANA registration process defined in the
   ENUM specification RFC3761.  This service indicates that the contact
   held in the generated URI can be used to initiate an interactive
   voice (audio) call.

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Table of Contents

   1.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Voice Service Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   4.  Example of voice:tel enumservice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   5.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   6.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 14

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1.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC2119 [1].

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2.  Introduction

   ENUM (E.164 Number Mapping, RFC3761 [2]) is a system that transforms
   E.164 numbers [3] into domain names and then uses DNS (Domain Name
   Service, RFC1034 [4]) features like delegation through NS records,
   and the use of NAPTR records, to look up the communication services
   available for a specific domain name.

   This document registers an Enumservice according to the guidelines
   given in RFC3761 to be used for provisioning in the services field of
   a NAPTR [5] resource record to indicate what class of functionality a
   given end point offers.  The registration is defined within the DDDS
   (Dynamic Delegation Discovery System [6][7] [5][8] [9]) hierarchy,
   for use with the "E2U" DDDS Application defined in RFC3761.

   Enumservices have a type and subtype.  This latter is optional, as it
   may be implicit in the service type.  The type defines the kind of
   communication session that can be initiated using the contact
   indicated by the URI generated by the enclosing NAPTR.  In
   telecommunications engineering terms, it reflects the "teleservice".

   The sub-type defines the subsystem that is to be used to initiate the
   communication session.  Note that the sub-type definition is usually
   associated with the URI scheme that is to be used.

   Both the type and subtype (where present) must be supported for the
   NAPTR to be used by a potential correspondent.

   There are a number of DDDS Applications in addition to ENUM (for
   example, see [8] and [9]).  However, an Enumservice indication
   operates only within the context of the "E2U" (ENUM) DDDS
   Application.

   Whilst the protocol elements that make up ENUM are defined in the
   above documents and in this one, further examples of the use to which
   these may be put are given in other documents, for example in ETSI TS
   102 172 [11].

   This document registers the Enumservice "voice" (which has a defined
   sub-type "tel"), as per the IANA registration process defined in the
   ENUM specification RFC3761.  This service indicates that the contact
   held in the generated URI can be used to initiate an interactive
   voice (audio) call.

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3.  Voice Service Registration

   Enumservice Name: "voice"

   Enumservice Type: "voice"

   Enumservice Subtype: "tel"

   URI Scheme: 'tel:'

   Functional Specification:

      The kind of communication indicated by this Enumservice is
      "Interactive Voice".  From a protocol perspective, this
      communication is expected to involve bidirectional media streams
      carrying audio data.

      A client may imply that the person controlling population of a
      NAPTR holding this Enumservice indicates their capability to
      engage in an interactive voice session when contacted using the
      URI generated by this NAPTR.

   Security Considerations:

      See Section 5.

   Intended Usage: COMMON

   Authors:

      Rudolf Brandner, Lawrence Conroy, Richard Stastny (for author
      contact detail see Authors' Addresses section)

   Any other information the author deems interesting:

      This Enumservice indicates that the person responsible for the
      NAPTR is accessible via the PSTN (Public Switched Telephone
      Network) or PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) using the value of
      the generated URI.

      The kind of subsystem required to initiate a Voice Enumservice
      with this sub-type is a "Dialler".  This is a subsystem that
      either provides a local connection to the PSTN or PLMN, or that
      provides an indirect connection to those networks.  The subsystem
      will use the telephone number held in the generated URI to place a
      voice call.  The voice call is placed to a network that uses E.164
      numbers to route calls to an appropriate destination.

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      Note that the PSTN/PLMN connection may be indirect.  The end user
      receiving this NAPTR may have a relationship with a Communications
      Service Provider that accepts call initiation requests from that
      subsystem using an IP-based protocol such as SIP or H.323, and
      places the call to the PSTN using a remote gateway service.  In
      this case the Provider may either accept requests using "tel:"
      URIs or has a defined mechanism to convert "tel:" URI values into
      a "protocol-native" form.

      The "tel:" URI value SHOULD be fully qualified (using the "global
      phone number" form of RFC3966 [10]).  A "local phone number" as
      defined in that document SHOULD NOT be used unless the controller
      of the zone in which the NAPTR appears is sure that it can be
      distinguished unambiguously by all clients that can access the
      resource record and that a call from their network access points
      can be routed to that destination.

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4.  Example of voice:tel enumservice

   The following is an example of the use of the enumservice registered
   by this document in a NAPTR resource record.

      $ORIGIN 0.6.9.2.3.6.1.4.4.e164.arpa.

      3.8.0 NAPTR 10 100 "u" "E2U+voice:tel"

         "!^.*$!tel:+441414960000!" .

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5.  Security Considerations

   DNS, as used by ENUM, is a global, distributed database.  Thus any
   information stored there is visible to anyone anonymously.  Whilst
   this is not qualitatively different from publication in a Telephone
   Directory, it does open the data subject to having "their"
   information collected automatically without any indication that this
   has been done or by whom.

   Such data harvesting by third parties is often used to generate lists
   of targets for unrequested information; in short, they are used to
   address "spam".  Anyone who uses a Web-archived mailing list is aware
   that the volume of "spam" email they are sent increases when he or
   she posts to the mailing list; publication of a telephone number in
   ENUM is no different, and may be used for attempts to send "junk
   faxes" or "junk SMS" for example.

   Many mailing list users have more than one email address and use
   "sacrificial" email accounts when posting to such lists to help
   filter out unrequested emails sent to them.  This is not so easy with
   published telephone numbers; the PSTN E.164 number assignment process
   is much more involved and usually a single E.164 number (or a fixed
   range of numbers) is associated with each PSTN access.  Thus
   providing a "sacrificial" phone number in any publication is not
   possible.

   Due to the implications of publishing data on a globally accessible
   database, as a principle the data subject MUST give their explicit
   informed consent to data being published in ENUM.

   In addition, they should be made aware that, due to storage of such
   data during harvesting by third parties, removal of the data from
   publication will not remove any copies that have been taken; in
   effect, any publication may be permanent.

   However, regulations in many regions will require that the data
   subject can at any time request that the data is removed from
   publication, and that their consent for its publication is explicitly
   confirmed at regular intervals.

   When placing a voice call via the PSTN (or from the Public Land
   Mobile Network), the sender may be charged for this action.  In both
   kinds of network, calling some numbers is more expensive than sending
   to others; both kinds of network have "premium rate" services that
   can be charged at a rate considerably more than a "normal" call.  As
   such, it is important that the end user be asked to confirm placing
   the call, and that the destination number be presented to them.  It
   is the originating user's choice on whether or not to place a call to

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   this destination number, but they SHOULD be shown the destination
   number so that they can make this decision.

   In addition to the specific security considerations given above, all
   security considerations given in RFC3761 apply, as well as the DNS-
   specific threats covered in RFC3833 [12].

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6.  IANA Considerations

   This document requests that IANA registers the Enumservice "voice"
   with a single sub-type "tel" according to the framework defined in
   RFC3761.  The current document defines this Enumservice and the
   expected behaviour of clients.

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7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [1]   Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
         Levels", RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.

   [2]   Faltstrom, P. and M. Mealling, "The E.164 to Uniform Resource
         Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation  Discovery System (DDDS)
         Application (ENUM)", RFC 3761, April 2004.

   [3]   ITU-T, "The International Public Telecommunication Number
         Plan", Recommendation E.164, May 1997.

   [4]   Mockapetris, P., "DOMAIN NAMES - CONCEPTS AND FACILITIES",
         RFC 1034, November 1987.

   [5]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)  Part
         Three: The Domain Name System (DNS) Database", RFC 3403,
         October 2002.

   [6]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)  Part
         One: The Comprehensive DDDS", RFC 3401, October 2002.

   [7]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)  Part
         Two: The Algorithm", RFC 3402, October 2002.

   [8]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)  Part
         Four: The Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI)", RFC 3404,
         October 2002.

   [9]   Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS)  Part
         Five: URI.ARPA Assignment Procedures", RFC 3405, October 2002.

   [10]  Schulzrinne, H., "The tel URI for Telephone Numbers", RFC 3966,
         December 2004.

7.2.  Informative References

   [11]  ETSI, "Minimum Requirements for Interoperability of ENUM
         Implementations", ETSI TS 102 172, January 2005.

   [12]  Atkins, D. and R. Austein, "Threat Analysis of the Domain Name
         System (DNS)", RFC 3833, August 2004.

   [13]  Bradner, S., "The Internet Standards Process -- Revision 3",
         RFC 2026, BCP 9, October 1996.

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   [14]  Bradner, S., "IETF Rights in Contributions", BCP 78, RFC 3978,
         March 2005.

   [15]  Bradner, S., "Intellectual Property Rights in IETF Technology",
         BCP 79, RFC 3979, March 2005.

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Authors' Addresses

   Rudolf Brandner
   Siemens AG
   Hofmannstr. 51
   81359 Munich
   Germany

   Phone: +49-89-722-51003
   Email: rudolf.brandner@siemens.com

   Lawrence Conroy
   Siemens Roke Manor Research
   Roke Manor
   Romsey
   United Kingdom

   Phone: +44-1794-833666
   Email: lwc@roke.co.uk

   Richard Stastny
   Oefeg
   Postbox 147
   1103 Vienna
   Austria

   Phone: +43-664-420-4100
   Email: Richard.stastny@oefeg.at

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