I2NSF Registration Interface YANG Data Model for NSF Capability Registration
draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface-dm-23
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Active".
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Sangwon Hyun , Jaehoon Paul Jeong , TaeKyun Roh , Sarang Wi , Park Jung-Soo | ||
| Last updated | 2023-03-16 (Latest revision 2023-02-23) | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Reviews | |||
| Additional resources | Mailing list discussion | ||
| Stream | WG state | Submitted to IESG for Publication | |
| Document shepherd | Linda Dunbar | ||
| Shepherd write-up | Show Last changed 2022-09-13 | ||
| IESG | IESG state | IESG Evaluation | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Yes | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | Roman Danyliw | ||
| Send notices to | ldunbar@huawei.com | ||
| IANA | IANA review state | IANA OK - Actions Needed | |
| IANA expert review state | Expert Reviews OK |
draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface-dm-23
I2NSF Working Group S. Hyun, Ed.
Internet-Draft Myongji University
Intended status: Standards Track J. Jeong, Ed.
Expires: 27 August 2023 T. Roh
S. Wi
Sungkyunkwan University
J. Park
ETRI
23 February 2023
I2NSF Registration Interface YANG Data Model for NSF Capability
Registration
draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface-dm-23
Abstract
This document defines an information model and a YANG data model for
the Registration Interface between Security Controller and
Developer's Management System (DMS) in the Interface to Network
Security Functions (I2NSF) framework to register Network Security
Functions (NSF) of the DMS with the Security Controller. The
objective of these information and data models is to support NSF
capability registration and query via I2NSF Registration Interface.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 27 August 2023.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Information Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1. NSF Capability Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1.1. NSF Capability Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1.2. NSF Access Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2. NSF Capability Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.1. YANG Tree Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.1.1. Definitions of Symbols in Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . 9
5.1.2. YANG Tree of I2NSF Registration Interface . . . . . . 9
5.2. YANG Data Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
8. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
8.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Appendix A. XML Examples of an NSF Registration with I2NSF
Registration Interface Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Appendix B. XML Examples of an NSF Update Request with I2NSF
Registration Interface Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Appendix C. NSF Lifecycle Management in NFV Environments . . . . 35
Appendix D. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Appendix E. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Appendix F. Changes from
draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface-dm-22 . . . . . . 37
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
1. Introduction
A number of Network Security Functions (NSF) may exist in the
Interface to Network Security Functions (I2NSF) framework [RFC8329].
Since each of these NSFs likely has different security capabilities
from each other, it is important to register the security
capabilities of the NSFs to the Security Controller (i.e., Network
Management Operator System). In addition, it is required to search
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NSFs of some required security capabilities on demand. As an
example, if additional security capabilities are required to serve
some security service request(s) from an I2NSF User, the security
controller SHOULD be able to request the DMS for NSFs that have the
required security capabilities.
As the main focus of the YANG module defined in
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model] is to define the security
capabilities of an NSF, it lacks in some information (e.g., network
access information to an NSF) needed by the Security Controller.
This information can be provided by the DMS as it is the vendor
system that provides and deploys the NSFs. Hence, this document
provides extended information for the I2NSF Registration Interface.
This document describes an information model (see Section 4) and an
extended YANG [RFC7950] data model from I2NSF Capability YANG data
model [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model] (see Section 5) for the
I2NSF Registration Interface [RFC8329] between the Security
Controller and the developer's management system (DMS) to support NSF
capability registration and query via the registration interface. It
also describes the operations which SHOULD be performed by the
Security Controller and the DMS via the Registration Interface using
the defined model. Note that in either NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF
[RFC8040] parlance through the I2NSF Registration Interface, the
Security Controller is the client, and the DMS is the server because
the Security Controller and DMS run the client and server for either
NETCONF or RESTCONF, respectively.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119][RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
This document uses the following terms defined in [RFC3444],
[RFC8329] and [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model].
* Network Security Function (NSF): A function that is responsible
for a specific treatment of received packets. A Network Security
Function can act at various layers of a protocol stack (e.g., at
the network layer or other OSI layers). Sample Network Security
Service Functions are as follows: Firewall, Intrusion Prevention/
Detection System (IPS/IDS), Deep Packet Inspection (DPI),
Application Visibility and Control (AVC), network virus and
malware scanning, sandbox, Data Loss Prevention (DLP), Distributed
Denial of Service (DDoS) mitigation and TLS proxy.
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* Data Model: Data Models define managed objects at a lower level of
abstraction, which include implementation- and protocol-specific
details, e.g., rules that explain how to map managed objects onto
lower-level protocol constructs [RFC3444].
* Information Model: Information Models are primarily useful for
designers to describe the managed environment, for operators to
understand the modeled objects, and for implementers as a guide to
the functionality that must be described and coded in the Data
Models [RFC3444].
* YANG: This document follows the guidelines of [RFC8407], uses the
common YANG types defined in [RFC6991], and adopts the Network
Management Datastore Architecture (NMDA) [RFC8342]. The meaning
of the symbols in tree diagrams is defined in [RFC8340].
3. Objectives
* Registering NSFs with the I2NSF framework: Developer's Management
System (DMS) in I2NSF framework is typically run by an NSF vendor,
and uses Registration Interface to provide NSFs information (i.e.,
capability, specification, and access information) developed by
the NSF vendor to Security Controller. Since there may be
multiple vendors that provide NSFs for a target network, the I2NSF
Registration Interface can be used as a standard interface for the
DMSs to provide NSFs capability information to the Security
Controller. For the registered NSFs, Security Controller
maintains a catalog of the capabilities of those NSFs to select
appropriate NSFs for the requested security services. Note that
the I2NSF User and the vendor should exchange information for the
discovery of Security Controller and DMS during the subscription
of the security service. The I2NSF User should provide the
Security Controller information (e.g., access information) to the
DMS for the NSFs registration, and the vendor should provide the
DMS information (e.g., access information and the types of NSFs
managed by the DMS) to the Security Controller for allowing such
connections. The method of exchanging this information can be
done either manually or dynamically (e.g., through the new options
of I2NSF information in both DHCP [RFC2131] and DHCPv6 [RFC8415]).
This actual method is out of the scope of this document.
* Updating the capabilities of registered NSFs: After an NSF is
registered with Security Controller, some modifications on the
capability of the NSF MAY be required later. In this case, DMS
uses Registration Interface to deliver the update of the
capability of the NSF to the Security Controller, and this update
MUST be reflected on the catalog of NSFs existing in the Security
Controller. That is, the Security Controller should check for
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updates of the NSFs to the DMS periodically, and the DMS sends the
updated NSF capability information to the Security Controller.
The Security Controller updates its catalog of NSFs with the
updated NSF capability information.
* Asking DMS about some required capabilities: In cases that some
security capabilities are required to serve the security service
request from an I2NSF User, the Security Controller searches
through the registered NSFs to find ones that can provide the
required capabilities. But Security Controller might fail to find
any NSFs having the required capabilities among the registered
NSFs. In this case, Security Controller needs to request DMS for
additional NSF(s) information that can provide the required
security capabilities via Registration Interface.
4. Information Model
The I2NSF registration interface is used by Security Controller and
Developer's Management System (DMS) in I2NSF framework. Figure 1
shows the information model of the I2NSF registration interface,
which consists of two submodels: NSF capability registration and NSF
capability query. Each submodel is used for the operations listed
above. The remainder of this section will provide in-depth
explanation of each submodel. The consideration of the design of the
data model is based on the procedure and mechanism discussed in
Section 8 of [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-applicability], which discusses I2NSF
Framework with Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
[nfv-framework].
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| I2NSF Registration Interface Information Model |
| |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | NSF Capability | | NSF Capability | |
| | Registration | | Update | |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 1: I2NSF Registration Interface Information Model
4.1. NSF Capability Registration
This submodel is used by the DMS to register the capabilities of NSFs
with the request of the Security Controller. Figure 2 shows how this
submodel is constructed. The most important part in Figure 2 is the
NSF capability, and this specifies the set of capabilities that the
NSF to be registered can offer. The NSF Name contains a unique name
of this NSF with the specified set of capabilities. The NSF name
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MUST be unique within the registered NSFs in the Security Controller
to identify the NSF with the capability. The name can be an
arbitrary string including Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN). To
make sure each vendor does not provide a duplicated name, the name
should include the vendor's name (e.g., firewall-cisco, firewall-
huawei). When registering the NSF, DMS additionally includes the
network access information of the NSF which is required to enable
network communications with the NSF.
The following sections will further explain the NSF capability
information and the NSF access information in more detail.
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| NSF Capability |
| Registration |
+-+-+-+-+^+-+-+-+-+
|
+---------------------+--------------------+
| | |
| | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| NSF | | NSF Capability| | NSF Access |
| Name | | Information | | Information |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 2: NSF Capability Registration Sub-Model
4.1.1. NSF Capability Information
NSF Capability Information basically describes the security
capabilities of an NSF. In Figure 3, we show capability objects of
an NSF. Following the information model of NSF capabilities defined
in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model], we share the same I2NSF
security capabilities: Directional Capabilities, Event Capabilities,
Condition Capabilities, Action Capabilities, Resolution Strategy
Capabilities, Default Action Capabilities. Also, NSF Capability
Information additionally contains the specification of an NSF as
shown in Figure 3.
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+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| NSF Capability |
| Information |
+-+-+-+-^-+-+-+-+-+
|
|
+----------------------+----------------------+
| |
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| I2NSF | | NSF |
| Capabilities | | Specification |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|
+------+-------------+----------------+----------------+-------+
| | | | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| Directional | | Event | | Condition | | Action | |
| Capabilities| | Capabilities| | Capabilities| | Capabilities| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
|
+--------------------+--------------------+-------+
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Resolution | | Default |
| Strategy | | Action |
| Capabilities| | Capabilities|
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 3: NSF Capability Information
4.1.1.1. NSF Specification
This information represents the specification information (e.g., CPU,
memory, disk, and bandwidth) of an NSF. As illustrated in Figure 4,
this information consists of CPU, memory, disk, and bandwidth. The
CPU information describes the Central Processing Unit (CPU) used by
the NSF. The information consists of model name, cores, clock speed,
and threads.
The memory information describes the hardware that stores information
temporarily, i.e., Random Access Memory (RAM). The information
consists of RAM maximum capacity and RAM speed. The disk information
describes the storage information, i.e., Hard Disk and Solid-State
Drive. The information given is the maximum capacity of the storage
available in the NSF.
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Bandwidth describes the information about available network amount in
two cases, such as outbound and inbound. Assuming that the current
throughput status of each NSF is being collected through NSF
monitoring [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model], this
capability information of the NSF can be used to determine whether
the NSF is in congestion or not by comparing it with the current
throughput of the NSF.
+-----------------+
| NSF |
| Specification |
+--------^--------+
|
+-------------+-------+-----+--------------+
| | | |
| | | |
+--+--+ +----+---+ +---+--+ +-----+-----+
| CPU | | Memory | | Disk | | Bandwidth |
+-----+ +--------+ +------+ +-----------+
Figure 4: NSF Specification Overview
4.1.2. NSF Access Information
NSF Access Information contains the following that are required to
communicate with an NSF through NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF
[RFC8040]: an IP address (i.e., IPv4 or IPv6 address) and a port
number. Note that TCP is used as a transport layer protocol due to
either NETCONF or RESTCONF. In this document, NSF Access Information
is used to identify a specific NSF instance. That is, NSF Access
Information is the signature (i.e., unique identifier) of an NSF
instance in the overall I2NSF system.
4.2. NSF Capability Update
The deployed NSFs may require to be updated to improve the quality of
the security service. The Security Controller can request for an
update
Security Controller MAY require some additional capabilities to serve
the security service request from an I2NSF User, but none of the
registered NSFs has the required capabilities. In this case,
Security Controller makes a description of the required capabilities
by using the NSF capability information submodel in Section 4.1.1,
and sends DMS a query about which NSF(s) can provide these
capabilities.
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5. Data Model
5.1. YANG Tree Diagram
This section provides the YANG Tree diagram of the I2NSF registration
interface.
5.1.1. Definitions of Symbols in Tree Diagrams
A simplified graphical representation of the data model is used in
this section. The meaning of the symbols used in the following
diagrams [RFC8431] is as follows:
Brackets "[" and "]" enclose list keys.
Abbreviations before data node names: "rw" means configuration
(read-write) and "ro" state data (read-only).
Symbols after data node names: "?" means an optional node and "*"
denotes a "list" and "leaf-list".
Parentheses enclose choice and case nodes, and case nodes are also
marked with a colon (":").
Ellipsis ("...") stands for contents of subtrees that are not
shown.
5.1.2. YANG Tree of I2NSF Registration Interface
The I2NSF Registration Interface is used by the Developer's
Management System (DMS) to register NSFs and their capabilities with
the Security Controller. Also, in case that the Security Controller
fails to find any NSF among the registered NSFs which can provide
some required capabilities, Security Controller uses the registration
interface to query DMS about NSF(s) having the required capabilities.
The following sections describe the YANG data models to support these
operations.
5.1.2.1. NSF Capability Registration
This section describes the YANG tree for the NSF capability
registration and capability query.
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NSF Capability Registration
rpcs:
+---x nsf-capability-registration
| +---w input
| | +---w query-nsf-capability
| | +---w directional-capabilities* identityref
| | +---w event-capabilities
| | | +---w system-event-capability* identityref
| | | +---w system-alarm-capability* identityref
| | +---w condition-capabilities
| | | +---w generic-nsf-capabilities
| | | | +---w ethernet-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w ipv4-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w ipv6-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w icmpv4-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w icmpv6-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w tcp-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w udp-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w sctp-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w dccp-capability* identityref
| | | +---w advanced-nsf-capabilities
| | | | +---w anti-ddos-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w ips-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w anti-virus-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w url-filtering-capability* identityref
| | | | +---w voip-vocn-filtering-capability* identityref
| | | +---w context-capabilities
| | | +---w time-capabilities* identityref
| | | +---w application-filter-capabilities* identityref
| | | +---w device-type-capabilities* identityref
| | | +---w user-condition-capabilities* identityref
| | | +---w geographic-capabilities* identityref
| | +---w action-capabilities
| | | +---w ingress-action-capability* identityref
| | | +---w egress-action-capability* identityref
| | | +---w log-action-capability* identityref
| | +---w resolution-strategy-capabilities* identityref
| | +---w default-action-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro output
| +--ro nsf* [nsf-name]
| +--ro nsf-name string
| +--ro version? string
| +--ro directional-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro event-capabilities
| | +--ro system-event-capability* identityref
| | +--ro system-alarm-capability* identityref
| +--ro condition-capabilities
| | +--ro generic-nsf-capabilities
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| | | +--ro ethernet-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro ipv4-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro ipv6-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro icmpv4-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro icmpv6-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro tcp-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro udp-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro sctp-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro dccp-capability* identityref
| | +--ro advanced-nsf-capabilities
| | | +--ro anti-ddos-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro ips-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro anti-virus-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro url-filtering-capability* identityref
| | | +--ro voip-vocn-filtering-capability* identityref
| | +--ro context-capabilities
| | +--ro time-capabilities* identityref
| | +--ro application-filter-capabilities* identityref
| | +--ro device-type-capabilities* identityref
| | +--ro user-condition-capabilities* identityref
| | +--ro geographic-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro action-capabilities
| | +--ro ingress-action-capability* identityref
| | +--ro egress-action-capability* identityref
| | +--ro log-action-capability* identityref
| +--ro resolution-strategy-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro default-action-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro nsf-specification
| | +--ro cpu
| | | +--ro model? string
| | | +--ro clock-speed? uint16
| | | +--ro cores? uint8
| | | +--ro threads? uint16
| | +--ro memory
| | | +--ro capacity? uint32
| | | +--ro speed? uint32
| | +--ro disk
| | | +--ro capacity? uint32
| | +--ro bandwidth
| | +--ro outbound? uint64
| | +--ro inbound? uint64
| +--ro nsf-access-info
| +--ro ip? union
| +--ro port? inet:port-number
| +--ro management-protocol? enumeration
Figure 5: YANG Tree of NSF Capability Registration Module
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When a Security Controller requests security services to the DMS, DMS
uses the I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model] to describe what capabilities
the NSFs can offer. Security Controller makes a description of the
required capabilities and then queries DMS about which NSF(s) can
provide these capabilities. DMS includes the access information of
the NSF which is required to make a network connection with the NSF
as well as the specification of the NSFs. The NSF access information
consists of ip, port, and management-protocol. The field of ip can
have either an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address. The port field is
used to get the transport protocol port number. As I2NSF uses a YANG
data model, the management protocol can be either NETCONF or
RESTCONF.
The credential management for accessing the NSFs is handled by pre-
negotiation with every DMS. This management is out of the scope of
this document.
The DMS can also include the resource information in terms of CPU,
memory, disk, and network bandwidth of the NSF. Detailed overview of
NSF specification can be seen in Section 4.1.1.1.
5.1.2.2. NSF Capability Update
This section describes the YANG tree for the NSF capability update.
I2NSF Capability Update
rpcs:
+---x nsf-capability-update
+---w input
| +---w nsf-name? string
| +---w version? string
+--ro output
+--ro nsf
+--ro nsf-name? string
+--ro version? string
+--ro directional-capabilities* identityref
+--ro event-capabilities
| +--ro system-event-capability* identityref
| +--ro system-alarm-capability* identityref
+--ro condition-capabilities
| +--ro generic-nsf-capabilities
| | +--ro ethernet-capability* identityref
| | +--ro ipv4-capability* identityref
| | +--ro ipv6-capability* identityref
| | +--ro icmpv4-capability* identityref
| | +--ro icmpv6-capability* identityref
| | +--ro tcp-capability* identityref
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| | +--ro udp-capability* identityref
| | +--ro sctp-capability* identityref
| | +--ro dccp-capability* identityref
| +--ro advanced-nsf-capabilities
| | +--ro anti-ddos-capability* identityref
| | +--ro ips-capability* identityref
| | +--ro anti-virus-capability* identityref
| | +--ro url-filtering-capability* identityref
| | +--ro voip-vocn-filtering-capability* identityref
| +--ro context-capabilities
| +--ro time-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro application-filter-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro device-type-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro user-condition-capabilities* identityref
| +--ro geographic-capabilities* identityref
+--ro action-capabilities
| +--ro ingress-action-capability* identityref
| +--ro egress-action-capability* identityref
| +--ro log-action-capability* identityref
+--ro resolution-strategy-capabilities* identityref
+--ro default-action-capabilities* identityref
+--ro nsf-specification
| +--ro cpu
| | +--ro model? string
| | +--ro clock-speed? uint16
| | +--ro cores? uint8
| | +--ro threads? uint16
| +--ro memory
| | +--ro capacity? uint32
| | +--ro speed? uint32
| +--ro disk
| | +--ro capacity? uint32
| +--ro bandwidth
| +--ro outbound? uint64
| +--ro inbound? uint64
+--ro nsf-access-info
+--ro ip? union
+--ro port? inet:port-number
+--ro management-protocol? enumeration
Figure 6: YANG Tree of NSF Capability Update Module
This YANG data model is used to update the registered NSFs. The
update operation started by the Security Controller requesting an
updated version of the existing NSFs. This request can be done
periodically to get a new update for the NSFs.
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To request for an update, the Security Controller can send the
registered NSF's name and its current version. If an update is
available, the DMS can update the NSF and inform the Security
Controller about the changes from the update with positive response.
If no such update, the DMS can reply with a negative response (i.e.,
rpc-error).
5.2. YANG Data Module
This section provides a YANG module of the data model for the
registration interface between Security Controller and Developer's
Management System, as defined in Section 4.
This YANG module imports from [RFC6991] and
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model]. It makes references to
[RFC6241] [RFC8040]
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface@2023-02-23.yang"
module ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface";
prefix
i2nsfri;
//RFC Ed.: replace occurences of XXXX with actual RFC number and
//remove this note
import ietf-inet-types {
prefix inet;
reference "RFC 6991";
}
import ietf-i2nsf-capability {
prefix i2nsfcap;
// RFC Ed.: replace YYYY with actual RFC number of
// draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model and remove this note.
reference "RFC YYYY: I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model";
}
organization
"IETF I2NSF (Interface to Network Security Functions)
Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/i2nsf>
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WG List: <mailto:i2nsf@ietf.org>
Editor: Sangwon Hyun
<mailto:shyun@mju.ac.kr>
Editor: Jaehoon Paul Jeong
<mailto:pauljeong@skku.edu>";
description
"This module defines a YANG data model for I2NSF
Registration Interface.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL',
'SHALL NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED',
'NOT RECOMMENDED', 'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this
document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14
(RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when, they appear
in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons
identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License
set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
the RFC itself for full legal notices.";
revision "2023-02-23" {
description "Initial revision";
reference
"RFC XXXX: I2NSF Registration Interface YANG Data Model";
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove
// this note
}
grouping nsf-specification {
description
"Description of the specification of an NSF";
container cpu {
description
"The Central Processing Unit (CPU) specification of the NSF";
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leaf model {
type string;
description
"The model name of the CPU used in the NSF.";
}
leaf clock-speed {
type uint16;
units "MHz";
description
"The number of cycles the CPU executes per second,
measured in MHz (MegaHertz).";
}
leaf cores {
type uint8;
description
"The number of independent CPU in a single computing
component.";
}
leaf threads {
type uint16;
description
"The number of total threads of the CPU";
}
}
container memory {
description
"Memory (i.e., Random Access Memory (RAM)) specification of
an NSF.";
leaf capacity {
type uint32;
units "MB";
description
"The total memory capacity in Megabytes (MB).";
}
leaf speed {
type uint32;
units "MHz";
description
"The data transfer rate of the memory in MegaHertz (MHz).";
}
}
container disk {
description
"Disk or storage specification of an NSF";
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leaf capacity {
type uint32;
units "MB";
description
"The disk or storage maximum capacity in Megabytes (MB).";
}
}
container bandwidth {
description
"Network bandwidth available on an NSF
in the unit of Bps (Bytes per second)";
leaf outbound {
type uint64;
units "Bps";
description
"The maximum outbound network bandwidth available to the
NSF in bytes per second (Bps)";
}
leaf inbound {
type uint64;
units "Bps";
description
"The maximum inbound network bandwidth available to the
NSF in bytes per second (Bps)";
}
}
}
grouping nsf-access-info {
description
"Information required to access an NSF";
leaf ip {
type union {
type inet:ip-address-no-zone;
type inet:domain-name;
}
description
"Either an IP (IPv4 or IPv6) address or the domain name of
this NSF";
}
leaf port {
type inet:port-number;
description
"Port available on this NSF";
}
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leaf management-protocol {
type enumeration {
enum NETCONF {
description
"Represents the management protocol NETCONF";
reference
"RFC 6241: Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)";
}
enum RESTCONF {
description
"Represents the management protocol RESTCONF";
reference
"RFC 8040: RESTCONF Protocol";
}
}
description
"The management protocol used to manage the NSF";
}
}
grouping nsf {
description
"The information of an NSF. It consists of the name of the NSF,
NSF capabilities, NSF specifications, and NSF access
information";
leaf nsf-name {
type string;
description
"The name of this registered NSF. The NSF name MUST be
unique to identify the NSF with the capability. The name
can be an arbitrary string including Fully Qualified
Domain Name (FQDN).";
}
leaf version {
type string;
description
"The NSF's current version level of the software in use.
This string MAY indicate the specific software build date and
target variant information.";
}
uses i2nsfcap:nsf-capabilities;
container nsf-specification {
description
"The specification of an NSF";
uses nsf-specification;
}
container nsf-access-info {
description
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"Network access information of this NSF";
uses nsf-access-info;
}
}
rpc nsf-capability-registration {
description
"Description of the capabilities that the
Security Controller requests to the DMS";
input {
container query-nsf-capability {
description
"Description of the capabilities to request";
uses i2nsfcap:nsf-capabilities;
reference "RFC YYYY: I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model";
//RFC Ed.: replace YYYY with actual RFC number of
//draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model and remove this note.
}
}
output {
list nsf {
key "nsf-name";
description
"Network access information of an NSF
with the requested capabilities";
uses nsf;
}
}
}
rpc nsf-capability-update {
description
"Description of the NSF that the Security Controller requests
for an update to the DMS";
input {
leaf nsf-name {
type string;
description
"The name of the registered NSF to check for available
updates of the NSF information.";
}
leaf version {
type string;
description
"The version used by the NSF.";
}
}
output {
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container nsf {
description
"The update for the NSF";
uses nsf;
}
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
Figure 7: Registration Interface YANG Data Model
6. IANA Considerations
This document requests IANA to register the following URI in the
"IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688]:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A; the requested URI is an XML namespace.
This document requests IANA to register the following YANG module in
the "YANG Module Names" registry [RFC7950][RFC8525]:
Name: ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface
Prefix: i2nsfri
Reference: RFC XXXX
// RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove
// this note
7. Security Considerations
The YANG module specified in this document defines a data schema
designed to be accessed through network management protocols such as
NETCONF [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. The lowest NETCONF layer is
the secure transport layer, and the required secure transport is
Secure Shell (SSH) [RFC6242]. The lowest RESTCONF layer is HTTPS,
and the required secure transport is TLS [RFC8446].
The NETCONF access control model [RFC8341] provides a means of
restricting access to specific NETCONF or RESTCONF users to a
preconfigured subset of all available NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol
operations and content.
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The architecture of I2NSF Framework presents a risk to the
implementation of security detection and mitigation activities. The
risks of externally operated NSFs are discussed in Section 4 (Threats
Associated with Externally Provided NSFs) of [RFC8329]. It is
important to have an authentication and authorization method between
the communication of the Security Controller and the DMS. The
following are threats that need to be considered and mitigated:
Compromised DMS with valid credentials: It can send falsified
information to the Security Controller to mislead existing
detection or mitigation devices. Currently, there is no in-
framework mechanism to mitigate this, and it is an issue for such
infrastructures. It is important to keep confidential information
from unauthorized persons to mitigate the possibility of
compromising the DMS with this information.
Impersonating DMS: This involves a system trying to send false
information while imitating as a DMS; client authentication would
help the Security Controller to identify this invalid DMS.
The YANG module defined in this document extends the YANG module
described in [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model]. Hence, this
document shares all the security issues that are specified in
Section 9 of [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model].
There are a number of extended data nodes defined in this YANG module
that are writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is
the default). These data nodes MAY be considered sensitive or
vulnerable in some network environments. Write operations (e.g.,
edit-config) to these data nodes without proper protection can have a
negative effect on network operations. These are the subtrees and
data nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
* nsf-specification: The attacker may provide incorrect information
of the specification of any target NSF by modifying this.
* nsf-access-info: The attacker may provide incorrect network access
information of any target NSF by modifying this.
Some of the readable extended data nodes in this YANG module MAY be
considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It
is thus important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config,
or notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and
data nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
* nsf-specification: The attacker may gather the specification
information of any target NSF and misuse the information for
subsequent attacks.
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* nsf-access-info: The attacker may gather the network access
information of any target NSF and misuse the information for
subsequent attacks.
The RPC operation in this YANG module MAY be considered sensitive or
vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus important to
control access to this operation. The following is the operation and
its sensitivity/vulnerability:
* nsf-capability-query: The attacker may exploit this RPC operation
to deteriorate the availability of the DMS and/or gather the
information of some interested NSFs from the DMS. Some of the
product capabilities provided by a vendor may be publicly known,
the DMS should provide an authentication and authorization method
to make sure this node cannot be used for exploitation.
8. References
8.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC2131] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol",
RFC 2131, DOI 10.17487/RFC2131, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2131>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6242] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, DOI 10.17487/RFC6242, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6242>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
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[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8329] Lopez, D., Lopez, E., Dunbar, L., Strassner, J., and R.
Kumar, "Framework for Interface to Network Security
Functions", RFC 8329, DOI 10.17487/RFC8329, February 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8329>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M. and L. Berger, Ed., "YANG Tree Diagrams",
BCP 215, RFC 8340, DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8341] Bierman, A. and M. Bjorklund, "Network Configuration
Access Control Model", STD 91, RFC 8341,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8341, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8341>.
[RFC8342] Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Shafer, P., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "Network Management Datastore Architecture
(NMDA)", RFC 8342, DOI 10.17487/RFC8342, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8342>.
[RFC8407] Bierman, A., "Guidelines for Authors and Reviewers of
Documents Containing YANG Data Models", BCP 216, RFC 8407,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8407, October 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8407>.
[RFC8415] Mrugalski, T., Siodelski, M., Volz, B., Yourtchenko, A.,
Richardson, M., Jiang, S., Lemon, T., and T. Winters,
"Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)",
RFC 8415, DOI 10.17487/RFC8415, November 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8415>.
[RFC8431] Wang, L., Chen, M., Dass, A., Ananthakrishnan, H., Kini,
S., and N. Bahadur, "A YANG Data Model for the Routing
Information Base (RIB)", RFC 8431, DOI 10.17487/RFC8431,
September 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8431>.
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[RFC8446] Rescorla, E., "The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol
Version 1.3", RFC 8446, DOI 10.17487/RFC8446, August 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8446>.
[RFC8525] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., Watsen, K.,
and R. Wilton, "YANG Library", RFC 8525,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8525, March 2019,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8525>.
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-applicability]
Jeong, J. P., Hyun, S., Ahn, T., Hares, S., and D. Lopez,
"Applicability of Interfaces to Network Security Functions
to Network-Based Security Services", Work in Progress,
Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-i2nsf-applicability-18, 16
September 2019, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/
draft-ietf-i2nsf-applicability-18>.
[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model]
Hares, S., Jeong, J. P., Kim, J. T., Moskowitz, R., and Q.
Lin, "I2NSF Capability YANG Data Model", Work in Progress,
Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model-32,
23 May 2022, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-
ietf-i2nsf-capability-data-model-32>.
8.2. Informative References
[RFC3444] Pras, A. and J. Schoenwaelder, "On the Difference between
Information Models and Data Models", RFC 3444,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3444, January 2003,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3444>.
[RFC3849] Huston, G., Lord, A., and P. Smith, "IPv6 Address Prefix
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 3849,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3849, July 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3849>.
[RFC5737] Arkko, J., Cotton, M., and L. Vegoda, "IPv4 Address Blocks
Reserved for Documentation", RFC 5737,
DOI 10.17487/RFC5737, January 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5737>.
[RFC7348] Mahalingam, M., Dutt, D., Duda, K., Agarwal, P., Kreeger,
L., Sridhar, T., Bursell, M., and C. Wright, "Virtual
eXtensible Local Area Network (VXLAN): A Framework for
Overlaying Virtualized Layer 2 Networks over Layer 3
Networks", RFC 7348, DOI 10.17487/RFC7348, August 2014,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7348>.
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[I-D.ietf-i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model]
Jeong, J. P., Lingga, P., Hares, S., Xia, L., and H.
Birkholz, "I2NSF NSF Monitoring Interface YANG Data
Model", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-
i2nsf-nsf-monitoring-data-model-20, 1 June 2022,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-i2nsf-
nsf-monitoring-data-model-20>.
[I-D.ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe]
Maino, F., Kreeger, L., and U. Elzur, "Generic Protocol
Extension for VXLAN (VXLAN-GPE)", Work in Progress,
Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-nvo3-vxlan-gpe-12, 22 September
2021, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
nvo3-vxlan-gpe-12>.
[nfv-framework]
"Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV); Architectureal
Framework", ETSI GS NFV 002 ETSI GS NFV 002 V1.1.1,
October 2013.
Appendix A. XML Examples of an NSF Registration with I2NSF Registration
Interface Data Model
This section shows XML examples of the I2NSF Registration Interface
data model for registering the capabilities in either IPv4 networks
[RFC5737] or IPv6 networks [RFC3849] with Security Controller.
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<rpc message-id="101" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf-capability-registration
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<query-nsf-capability>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv4-capability>source-address</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>destination-address</ipv4-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<url-filtering-capability>
user-defined
</url-filtering-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</query-nsf-capability>
</nsf-capability-registration>
</rpc>
Figure 8: XML Examples of an NSF Query with I2NSF Registration
Interface Data Model
<rpc-reply message-id="101"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv4_general_firewall</nsf-name>
<version>1.2.0</version>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv4-capability>next-header</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>source-address</ipv4-capability>
<ipv4-capability>destination-address</ipv4-capability>
<tcp-capability>source-port-number</tcp-capability>
<tcp-capability>destination-port-number</tcp-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>mirror</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>mirror</egress-action-capability>
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</action-capabilities>
<nsf-specification>
<cpu>
<model>
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U
</model>
<clock-speed>1800</clock-speed>
<cores>4</cores>
<threads>8</threads>
</cpu>
<memory>
<capacity>8192</capacity>
<speed>2667</speed>
</memory>
<disk>
<capacity>239000</capacity>
</disk>
<bandwidth>
<outbound>1000000000</outbound>
<inbound>1000000000</inbound>
</bandwidth>
</nsf-specification>
<nsf-access-info>
<ip>192.0.2.11</ip>
<port>49152</port>
<management-protocol>
NETCONF
</management-protocol>
</nsf-access-info>
</nsf>
<nsf
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv4_web_filter</nsf-name>
<version>1.1.0</version>
<condition-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<url-filtering-capability>
user-defined
</url-filtering-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>mirror</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>mirror</egress-action-capability>
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</action-capabilities>
<nsf-specification>
<cpu>
<model>
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U
</model>
<clock-speed>1800</clock-speed>
<cores>4</cores>
<threads>8</threads>
</cpu>
<memory>
<capacity>8192</capacity>
<speed>2667</speed>
</memory>
<disk>
<capacity>239000</capacity>
</disk>
<bandwidth>
<outbound>1000000000</outbound>
<inbound>1000000000</inbound>
</bandwidth>
</nsf-specification>
<nsf-access-info>
<ip>192.0.2.12</ip>
<port>49152</port>
<management-protocol>
NETCONF
</management-protocol>
</nsf-access-info>
</nsf>
</rpc-reply>
Figure 9: XML Reply for the Registration of General Firewall in
an IPv4 Network and Web Filter
Figure 8 shows the query for NSF(s) that can inspect IPv4 source
address, destination address, and URL. Figure 9 shows the reply for
the configuration XML for registering a general firewall and a web
filter in an IPv4 network [RFC5737] and their capabilities.
The general firewall registered is as follows.
1. The first instance name of the NSF is ipv4_general_firewall.
2. The version used is 1.2.0.
3. The NSF can inspect IPv4 protocol header field, source
address(es), and destination address(es).
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4. The NSF can inspect the port number(s) for the transport layer
protocol, i.e., TCP.
5. The NSF can determine whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or mirror.
6. The NSF's CPU model is Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U. The clock
speed is 1800 MHz, with 4 cores and 8 total threads.
7. The NSF's memory capacity is 8192 MB with the speed 2667 MHz.
8. The NSF's storage can hold maximum 239000 MB.
9. The network bandwidth available on the NSF is 1 GBps for both
the outbound traffic and inbound traffic.
10. The IPv4 address of the NSF is 192.0.2.11.
11. The port of the NSF is 49152 using the NETCONF protocol.
The web filter registered is as follows.
1. The first instance name of the NSF is ipv4_web_filter.
2. The version used is 1.1.0.
3. The NSF can inspect a URL matched from a user-defined URL. User
can specify their own URL.
4. The NSF can determine whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or mirror.
5. The NSF's CPU model is Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U. The clock
speed is 1800 MHz, with 4 cores and 8 total threads.
6. The NSF's memory capacity is 8192 MB with the speed 2667 MHz.
7. The NSF's storage can hold maximum 239000 MB.
8. The network bandwidth available on the NSF is 1 GBps for both
the outbound traffic and inbound traffic.
9. The IPv4 address of the NSF is 192.0.2.12.
10. The port of the NSF is 49152 using the NETCONF protocol.
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<rpc message-id="101" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf-capability-registration
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<query-nsf-capability>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv6-capability>source-address</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>destination-address</ipv6-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<url-filtering-capability>
user-defined
</url-filtering-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
</query-nsf-capability>
</nsf-capability-registration>
</rpc>
Figure 10: XML Examples of an NSF Query with I2NSF Registration
Interface Data Model
<rpc-reply message-id="101"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv4_general_firewall</nsf-name>
<version>1.2.0</version>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv6-capability>next-header</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>source-address</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>destination-address</ipv6-capability>
<tcp-capability>source-port-number</tcp-capability>
<tcp-capability>destination-port-number</tcp-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>mirror</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>mirror</egress-action-capability>
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</action-capabilities>
<nsf-specification>
<cpu>
<model>
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U
</model>
<clock-speed>1800</clock-speed>
<cores>4</cores>
<threads>8</threads>
</cpu>
<memory>
<capacity>8192</capacity>
<speed>2667</speed>
</memory>
<disk>
<capacity>239000</capacity>
</disk>
<bandwidth>
<outbound>1000000000</outbound>
<inbound>1000000000</inbound>
</bandwidth>
</nsf-specification>
<nsf-access-info>
<ip>2001:db8:0:1::11</ip>
<port>49153</port>
<management-protocol>
NETCONF
</management-protocol>
</nsf-access-info>
</nsf>
<nsf
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv6_web_filter</nsf-name>
<version>1.1.0</version>
<condition-capabilities>
<advanced-nsf-capabilities>
<url-filtering-capability>
user-defined
</url-filtering-capability>
</advanced-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>mirror</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>mirror</egress-action-capability>
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</action-capabilities>
<nsf-specification>
<cpu>
<model>
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U
</model>
<clock-speed>1800</clock-speed>
<cores>4</cores>
<threads>8</threads>
</cpu>
<memory>
<capacity>8192</capacity>
<speed>2667</speed>
</memory>
<disk>
<capacity>239000</capacity>
</disk>
<bandwidth>
<outbound>1000000000</outbound>
<inbound>1000000000</inbound>
</bandwidth>
</nsf-specification>
<nsf-access-info>
<ip>2001:db8:0:1::12</ip>
<port>49153</port>
<management-protocol>
NETCONF
</management-protocol>
</nsf-access-info>
</nsf>
</rpc-reply>
Figure 11: XML Reply for the Registration of General Firewall in
an IPv4 Network and Web Filter
In addition, Figure 10 and Figure 11 shows the query and reply
message for the configuration XML for registering a general firewall
in an IPv6 network [RFC3849] and webfilter with their capabilities.
1. The instance name of the NSF is ipv6_general_firewall.
2. The version used is 1.2.0.
3. The NSF can inspect IPv6 next header, flow direction, source
address(es), and destination address(es)
4. The NSF can inspect the port number(s) and flow direction for
the transport layer protocol, i.e., TCP.
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5. The NSF can determine whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or mirror.
6. The NSF's CPU model is Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U. The clock
speed is 1800 MHz, with 4 cores and 8 total threads.
7. The NSF's memory capacity is 8192 MB with the speed 2667 MHz.
8. The NSF's storage can hold maximum 239 GB.
9. The network bandwidth available on the NSF is 1 GBps for both
the outbound and inbound traffics.
10. The IPv6 address of the NSF is 2001:db8:0:1::11.
11. The port of the NSF is 49153 using the NETCONF protocol.
The web filter registered is as follows.
1. The first instance name of the NSF is ipv6_web_filter.
2. The version used is 1.1.0.
3. The NSF can inspect a URL matched from a user-defined URL. User
can specify their own URL.
4. The NSF can determine whether the packets are allowed to pass,
drop, or mirror.
5. The NSF's CPU model is Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U. The clock
speed is 1800 MHz, with 4 cores and 8 total threads.
6. The NSF's memory capacity is 8192 MB with the speed 2667 MHz.
7. The NSF's storage can hold maximum 239000 MB.
8. The network bandwidth available on the NSF is 1 GBps for both
the outbound traffic and inbound traffic.
9. The IPv4 address of the NSF is 2001:db8:0:1::12.
10. The port of the NSF is 49153 using the NETCONF protocol.
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Appendix B. XML Examples of an NSF Update Request with I2NSF
Registration Interface Data Model
This section shows an XML example of the Security Controller
requesting an update for an NSF. In this example, the Security
Controller requests an update for the registered General Firewall for
the IPv4 network. To do so, it makes a query as follows:
<rpc message-id="101" xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf-capability-update
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv4_general_firewall</nsf-name>
<version>1.2.0</version>
</nsf-capability-update>
</rpc>
Figure 12: XML for NSF Query of a Web Filter
After receiving a query given in Figure 12, the DMS can reply with
following XML:
<rpc-reply message-id="101"
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
<nsf
xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface">
<nsf-name>ipv4_general_firewall</nsf-name>
<version>2.0.0</version>
<condition-capabilities>
<generic-nsf-capabilities>
<ipv6-capability>next-header</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>source-address</ipv6-capability>
<ipv6-capability>destination-address</ipv6-capability>
<tcp-capability>source-port-number</tcp-capability>
<tcp-capability>destination-port-number</tcp-capability>
<udp-capability>source-port-number</udp-capability>
<udp-capability>destination-port-number</udp-capability>
</generic-nsf-capabilities>
</condition-capabilities>
<action-capabilities>
<ingress-action-capability>pass</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>drop</ingress-action-capability>
<ingress-action-capability>mirror</ingress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>pass</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>drop</egress-action-capability>
<egress-action-capability>mirror</egress-action-capability>
</action-capabilities>
<nsf-specification>
<cpu>
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<model>
Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10510U
</model>
<clock-speed>1800</clock-speed>
<cores>4</cores>
<threads>8</threads>
</cpu>
<memory>
<capacity>8192</capacity>
<speed>2667</speed>
</memory>
<disk>
<capacity>239000</capacity>
</disk>
<bandwidth>
<outbound>1000000000</outbound>
<inbound>1000000000</inbound>
</bandwidth>
</nsf-specification>
<nsf-access-info>
<ip>2001:db8:0:1::11</ip>
<port>49153</port>
<management-protocol>
NETCONF
</management-protocol>
</nsf-access-info>
</nsf>
</rpc-reply>
Figure 13: XML for the Reply of NSF Query of a Web Filter
Figure 12 shows the XML for requesting an update for the NSF named
ipv4_general_firewall. In the reply shown in Figure 13, the NSF has
been updated with a new version (i.e., 2.0.0) and extended
capabilities (i.e., inspect the port number(s) for UDP packets).
Appendix C. NSF Lifecycle Management in NFV Environments
Network Functions Virtualization (called NFV) can be used to
implement I2NSF framework. In NFV environments, NSFs are deployed as
virtual network functions (VNFs). Security Controller can be
implemented as an Element Management (EM) of the NFV architecture,
and is connected with the VNF Manager (VNFM) via the Ve-Vnfm
interface [nfv-framework]. Security Controller can use this
interface for the purpose of the lifecycle management of NSFs. If
some NSFs need to be instantiated to enforce security policies in the
I2NSF framework, Security Controller could request the VNFM to
instantiate them through the DMS having the Ve-Vnfm interface with
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the VNFM. Refer to Section 8 of [I-D.ietf-i2nsf-applicability] for
the detailed description on I2NSF Framework with NFV. Or if an NSF,
running as a VNF, is not used by any flows for a time period,
Security Controller may request deinstantiating it through the DMS
having the Ve-Vnfm interface with the VNFM for efficient resource
utilization.
Appendix D. Acknowledgments
This document is a product by the I2NSF Working Group (WG) including
WG Chairs (i.e., Linda Dunbar and Yoav Nir) and Diego Lopez. This
document took advantage of the review and comments from the following
people: Roman Danyliw, Reshad Rahman (YANG doctor), and Tom Petch.
We authors sincerely appreciate their sincere efforts and kind help.
This work was supported by Institute of Information & Communications
Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) grant funded by the Korea
MSIT (Ministry of Science and ICT) (No. 2016-0-00078, Cloud Based
Security Intelligence Technology Development for the Customized
Security Service Provisioning). This work was supported in part by
the IITP (2020-0-00395-003, Standard Development of Blockchain based
Network Management Automation Technology).
Appendix E. Contributors
The following are co-authors of this document:
Patrick Lingga - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do
16419, Republic of Korea. EMail: patricklink@skku.edu
Jinyong (Tim) Kim - Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon,
Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea. EMail: timkim@skku.edu
Chaehong Chung - Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer
Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seo-ro Jangan-gu, Suwon,
Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea. EMail: darkhong@skku.edu
Susan Hares - Huawei, 7453 Hickory Hill, Saline, MI 48176, USA.
EMail: shares@ndzh.com
Diego R. Lopez - Telefonica I+D, Jose Manuel Lara, 9, Seville,
41013, Spain. EMail: diego.r.lopez@telefonica.com
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Appendix F. Changes from draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-interface-dm-22
The following changes are made from draft-ietf-i2nsf-registration-
interface-dm-22:
* This version has reflected the 2nd AD Review of Roman Danyliw.
Authors' Addresses
Sangwon Hyun (editor)
Department of Computer Engineering
Myongji University
116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu
Yongin
Gyeonggi-do
17058
Republic of Korea
Email: shyun@mju.ac.kr
Jaehoon Paul Jeong (editor)
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon
Gyeonggi-Do
16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 299 4957
Email: pauljeong@skku.edu
URI: http://iotlab.skku.edu/people-jaehoon-jeong.php
Taekyun Roh
Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon
Gyeonggi-Do
16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 290 7222
Email: tkroh0198@skku.edu
Sarang Wi
Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
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2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon
Gyeonggi-Do
16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 290 7222
Email: dnl9795@skku.edu
Jung-Soo Park
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute
218 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu
Daejeon
305-700
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 42 860 6514
Email: pjs@etri.re.kr
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