Network-Hexagons:Geolocation Mobility Network Based On H3 and LISP
draft-ietf-lisp-nexagon-50
| Document | Type | Active Internet-Draft (lisp WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Sharon Barkai , Bruno Fernandez-Ruiz , Rotem Tamir , Alberto Rodriguez-Natal , Fabio Maino , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Jordi Paillisse , Dino Farinacci | ||
| Last updated | 2023-04-09 | ||
| Replaces | draft-barkai-lisp-nexagon | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Intended RFC status | Informational | ||
| Formats | |||
| Reviews | |||
| Additional resources | Mailing list discussion | ||
| Stream | WG state | WG Document | |
| Document shepherd | Luigi Iannone | ||
| Shepherd write-up | Show Last changed 2021-09-14 | ||
| IESG | IESG state | AD is watching | |
| Action Holders |
(None)
|
||
| Consensus boilerplate | Yes | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | Jim Guichard | ||
| Send notices to | ggx@gigix.net |
draft-ietf-lisp-nexagon-50
LISP Working Group S. Barkai
Internet-Draft B. Fernandez-Ruiz
Intended status: Informational R. Tamir
Expires: October 28,2023 Nexar Inc.
A. Rodriguez-Natal
F. Maino
Cisco Systems
A. Cabellos-Aparicio
J. Paillisse-Vilanova
Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
D. Farinacci
lispers.net
April 9, 2023
Network-Hexagons:Geolocation Mobility Network Based On H3 and LISP
draft-ietf-lisp-nexagon-50.txt
Abstract
This specification describes the use of the Locator/ID Separation
Protocol (LISP) for network virtualization overlays (NVO) that support
mobility geolocation network functions. Distributed network functions
are anchored by logically addressable geolocation agents, which are
distributed between the automotive-edge and vehicular far-edge agents.
Geolocation agents' endpoint identifiers (EID) are determined by the
H3 hexagonal grid jurisdiction and the functions they anchor.
Geolocation agents consolidate, delegate, federate, and propagate
information and logic to and from in-vehicle agents. In-vehicle
agents' EIDs are ephemeral to protect the vehicle owner's geo-privacy
while interacting with geolocation agents. In-vehicle agents' EIDs are
obtained and renewed through an authorization, authentication, and
accounting procedure (AAA). Geolocation functions include mapping,
training, and notification prompts using an H3-based key-value
language and messages. Primary functions are invoked while vehicles
are driving, and secondary distributed functions while vehicles are
parked use the same LISP network overlay and EID addressing scheme.
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Status of This Memo
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provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
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material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on April 9,2023.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Deployment Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. Clients-Agents Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5. Mobility Unicast and Multicast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
7. Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
10. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
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1. Introduction
This specification describes the use of the Locator/ID Separation
Protocol (LISP) for network virtualization overlays (NVO) that support
mobility geolocation network functions. Distributed network functions
are anchored by logically addressable geolocation agents, which are
distributed between the automotive-edge and vehicular far-edge agents.
Geolocation agents' endpoint identifiers (EID) are determined by the
[H3] hexagonal grid jurisdiction and the functions they anchor.
Geolocation agents consolidate, delegate, federate, and propagate
information and logic to and from in-vehicle agents. In-vehicle
agents' EIDs are ephemeral to protect the vehicle owner's geo-privacy
while interacting with geolocation agents. In-vehicle agents' EIDs are
obtained and renewed through an authorization, authentication, and
accounting procedure (AAA). Geolocation functions include mapping,
training, and notification prompts using an [H3] based key-value
language and messages. Primary functions are invoked while vehicles
are driving, and secondary distributed functions while vehicles are
parked use the same LISP network overlay and EID addressing scheme.
The [H3] grid is a hierarchical, spatially-aware system that uses a
hexagonal tiling scheme to subdivide the earth's surface into nested
hexagons, each with a unique identifier (HID). This grid efficiently
represents both fine-grained and coarse-grained spatial data, and its
HIDs form the basis for the IPv6 EIDs of the geolocation agents in the
network, also known as 'nexagons' in this document. These agents
consolidate and process the data uploaded by vehicles within their
jurisdiction, and delegate remote procedure calls to them. Agents use
their EIDs as destination queues for vehicle uploads and source
channels for updates. The agents are dynamically deployed to compute
locations based on vehicle density and activity, which poses several
key challenges: preserving the geo-privacy of vehicles, maintaining
vehicle-agent selection coherency, context-switching between agents as
vehicles move, and maintaining scaled-continuity of subscriptions to
notifications from agents' channels. To address these challenges, the
network employs algorithmic EID-addressing using LISP qualities.
___
/ \
Addressable >> States >> Addressable
Upload Queues \ ___ / Channels
/\ Functions() \/
Figure 1: Nexagon Agents
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The nexagon agents in the system utilize the H3 hierarchical hexagonal
grid because of its clear tile adjacency properties. Each tile in the
H3 grid has a unique 64-bit identifier called an HID, which is
algorithmically mapped to an EID. The H3 grid is used at two
resolutions: one for the nexagons ("h3.rB") and one for geo-mapping,
detections, and navigation paths ("h3.rS"). Mappings between GPS
coordinates, HIDs, and EIDs are all algorithmic.
To provide concrete usability of this document for detection and
dynamic mapping, 64 bits of information about "what" the detection is
are outlined with the 64-bit HID of "where" the detection is,
totaling 128 bits or 16 Bytes. These 64 bits are detailed in a bit-
mask based on a taxonomy defined by Berkeley Deep Drive [BDD], and
serve as a baseline that can be extended or overridden.
The mobility network requires a formal provisioning step for both
clients and agents. For clients, this step involves an authentication,
authorization, and accounting (AAA) procedure through which clients
request and renew EIDs and tunnel-routers to interact with agents.
This process may be implemented using various methods or formal AAA.
An example procedure is provided below.
Off-Peak Nexagon
Condensed Allocation
_ _ _ _
/ \/ \ / \/ \ ----
\_/\_/ \_/\_/ ---- Peak allocation - same Nexagons/EIDs
/ \/ \ / \/ \ ---- Spread on more compute locations
\_/\_/ \_/\_/ ---- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
/ \/ \ / \/ \ ---- / \/ \ / \/ \ / \/ \ / \/ \ ----
\_/\_/ \_/\_/ ---- \_/\_/ \_/\_/ \_/\_/ \_/\_/ ----
/ \/ \ / \/ \ ---- / \/ \ / \/ \ / \/ \ / \/ \ ----
\_/\_/ \_/\_/ ---- \_/\_/ \_/\_/ \_/\_/ \_/\_/ ----
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Site Site Standby Site Site Site Site Standby
Figure 2: Nexagon dynamic allocation per activity
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2. Definition of Terms
Based on [RFC9300][RFC9301]
H3AgentEID: H3AgentEID is an EID-addressable Geolocation agent,
also known as a nexagon. It serves as a designated destination for
Geolocation aggregation and an (S,G) source of multicast themed
channels. It has a LISP data-plane stack to encapsulate
packets via ServerXTR.
ServerXTR: ServerXTR is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack
implementation that is co-located with the H3AgentEID process. It
encapsulates and decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.
MobilityClient: MobilityClient is an application that may be a part
of a driving system or mobility application, It has a LISP data-
plane stack to encapsulate packets via ClientXTR.
MobilityClientEID: MobilityClientEID is the IPv6 EID used by
Mobility Clients. The destination of such packets are H3AgentEIDs.
The EID is assigned as part of the MobilityClient network AAA.
ClientXTR: ClientXTR is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack
implementation co-located with the Mobility Client application. It
encapsulates and decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.
EdgeRTR: The EdgeRTR network is responsible for connecting Mobility
Clients to Agents and managing MobilityClientEIDs multicast
registrations [RFC8378]. The network achieves this by using
encapsulation to aggregate Mobility Clients and Geolocation
Agents, making it easier to access the mobility network from
hosting providers and mobile providers.
The RTRs within the EdgeRTR network re-encapsulate packets from
ClientXTRs, ServerXTRs, and remote RTRs. During packet decapsulation,
EdgeRTRs glean H3 agent EIDs and MobilityClientEIDs and store them
along with route locations (RLOCs) in map-caches. These mappings are
then registered to the LISP mapping system [RFC9301] and are
provisioned when Geolocation Agents are assigned to EdgeRTRs.
It's key to note that EdgeRTRs do not register MobilityClientEIDs.
Enterprises can provide their own EdgeRTRs to protect the geo-privacy.
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Nexagons
___ ___
H3AgentEIDs ___ / \ H3AgentEIDs ___ / \
___ / | h3.rB | ___ / | h3.rB |
/ | h3.rB \ ___ / / | h3.rB \ ___ /
| h3.rB \ ___ / sXTR | h3.rB \ ___ / sXTR
\ ___ / sXTR || \ ___ / sXTR ||
sXTR || || sXTR || ||
|| || || || || ||
|| || || || || ||
= = = = = = EdgeRTR EdgeRTR = = = = =
|| (( () )) ||
( Underlays used for LISP )
( Mobility Network )
( || (( ( ) () || )
|| ||
= = = = = = = = = = = = = =
|| ||
EdgeRTR EdgeRTR
.. .. .. ..
.. .. .. ..
((((|)))) ((((|)))) ((((|)))) ((((|))))
/|\ RAN /|\ /|\ RAN /|\
|| ||
||<--Encapsulations to Agents' Queues & Channels via RTRs-->||
|| ________
<< << << << << << cXTR::MobilityClientB / Vehicle
|| ___ ___ ___ \ (_) (_)
|| / \/ \/ \
|| - - - - - - - - h3.rS h3.rS h3.rS - - The Tiled Road - - -
|| \ ___ /\ ___ / \ __ /
________
Vehicle \ MobilityClientA::cXTR >> >> >> >> >> >> >>
(_) (_) /
Figure 3: Nexagon Network
- MobilityClientA detections used by MobilityClientB and vice versa
- Clients share information only through the Geolocation agents
- ClientXTR (cXTR):encapsulates packets over access to EdgeRTR
- ServerXTR (sXTR):encapsulates packets over metro area to EdgeRTR
- Uploads: routed to appropriate Geolocation agent by EdgeRTRs
- Notifications: from Geolocation agents replicated by EdgeRTRs
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3. Deployment Assumptions
The authorization of Mobility Clients to the mobility network is
renewed while driving. The AAA procedure described below can be used
as an example for obtaining EIDs and EdgeRTRs, and for enabling the
use of the network. Diameter [RFC6733] based AAA can be used:
1) obtain the address of the mobility-network AAA using DNS
2) obtain MobilityClientEIDs and EdgeRTRs from AAA procedure
3) renewed periodically from AAA while using the network
MobilityClient DomainNameServer AAA Server MobilityEdgeRTR
| | | |
| lookup AAA Server | | |
|------------------->| | |
|<-------------------| | |
| AAA Server IP | | |
| | | |
| Client identifier and credentials | |
|--------------------------------------->| |
| | |Provision Client EID|
| | |------------------->|
| | |<-------------------|
| | | Ack Provisioned EID|
| Send ClientEID,EdgeRTR RLOC | |
|<---------------------------------------| |
. .
. Use The H3-LISP Geolocation Mobility Network .
. .
|<----------------------------------------------------------->|
. Renew AAA ClientEID and EdgeRT provisioning .
Figure 4: Example AAA procedure for mobility clients
Detections are enumerated in 16 fields x 16 enumerations. Nibbles
named using hexadecimal index according to the position where most
significant nibble has index 0. Enumerations defined in section 8.
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
|-0-|-1-|-2-|-3-|-4-|-5-|-6-|-7-|-8-|-9-|-A-|-B-|-C-|-D-|-E-|-F-|
|012301230123012301230123 Index 01230123012301230123012301230123
+---------------------------------------------------------------+
Figure 5: Nibble based detection enumeration
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4. Clients-Agents Networking
The mobility network functions as a standard LISP overlay that
delivers unicast and multicast packets across data plane XTRs, which
are used in the stack of each mobility client and server. ClientXTRs
and ServerXTRs are associated with EdgeRTRs, which allows
MobilityClients to "show up" at any location within the mobility
network, regardless of the network provider or network address
translation domain. This structure also enables any H3 agent EID to
be instantiated, delegated, or failed over to any compute location.
In this specification, we assume a semi-random association between
ClientXTRs and EdgeRTRs assigned by the AAA procedure, with a pool of
EdgeRTRs, which can be dynamically allocated, distributing the load
of MobilityClients within a given metro area. We also assume that
EdgeRTRs are topologically equivalent and use LISP to encapsulate
traffic to and from other EdgeRTRs. It is possible for there to be
more than one ClientEID in the same process using the same ClientXTR.
The implementation of such multiplexing is not specified.
H3AgentEID == ServerXTR ServerXTR == H3AgentEID
(Encryption and Decryption) || ||(Encryption and Decryption)
|| X ||
EdgeRTR = EdgeRTR
|| X ||
(Encryption and Decryption) || ||(Encryption and Decryption)
MobilityClient == ClientXTR ClientXTR == MobilityClient
Figure 6: LISP network connecting MobilityClients and H3AgentEIDs
Encode HID to EID:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| AFI = 16387 | Rsvd1 | Flags |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | | Length = 8 |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| HID (high-order) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| HID (low-order) |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 7: Encoding HIDs in H3AgentEIDs
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5. Mobility Unicast and Multicast
The day in a life of unicast road-segment mapping upload:
1. A client detects condition of interest using AI camera
2. The client uses its GPS to establish its h3.rS location
3. It then estimates the h3.rS location of the detection
4. Detection h3.rS center is used to calculate h3.rB => H3ServerEID
5. Client sends (encrypted) location-detection via its ClientXTR
Outer Header src/dest: ClientXTR RLOC, EdgeRTR RLOC
Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3AgentEID
6. EdgeRTR gleans and caches ClientEID and ClientXTR RLOC
7. EdgeRTR resolves RLOC of remote EdgeRTR, and re-encapsulates:
Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, remote EdgeRTR RLOC
Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3AgentEID
8. Remote EdgeRTR lookups H3ServerEID ServerXTR RLOC,
re-encapsulates:
Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, ServerXTR RLOC
Inner Header src/dest: ClientEID, H3AgentEID
9. ServerXTR delivers ClientEID message to H3AgentEID
The detection message headers consist of the following fields:
- Outer headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 8 (LISP) = 56
- Inner headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 4 (Nexagon Header) = 52
- 1500 (MTU) - 56 - 52 = 1392 bytes of effective payload size
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+\
| Type |gzip | Reserved | Pair Count = X |NXGN
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+/
Figure 8: Nexagon header format
Nexagon Header allows for key-value (kv) tuples or value-key,key
..(vkkk) using the same formats of key and value outlined bellow:
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Nexagon Header Type 0:reserved (*)
Type 1:key-value, key-value.. 1392 / (8 + 8) = 87 pairs
Type 2:value, key,key,key.. (1392 - 8) / 8 = 173 h3.rS IDs
Type 3-255: unassigned
Nexagon Header GZIP field: 0x000 no compression, or(**) GZIP version.
Nexagon Header Reserved bits
Nexagon Header key and value count (in any format kv or vkkk)
(*) Reserved fields are specified as being set to 0 on transmission,
ignored when received.
(**) GZIP refers to entire kv or vkkk payload and major GZIP version,
packets with unsupported GZIP version are dropped
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| Payload Length | Next Header | Hop Limit | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |
+ + |
| | |
+ Source MobilityClientEID + |
| | IPv6
+ + |
| | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |
+ + |
| | |
+ Dest H3AgentEID + |
| | |
+ + |
| | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Source Port = xxxx | Dest Port = xxxx | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
| UDP Length | UDP Checksum | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
| Type |gzip | Reserved | Pair Count = | NXGN
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit State +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 9: Uploaded detections packet format
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Each H3Agent is also an IP Multicast Source used to update
subscribers on the state of the h3.rS tiles in the h3.rB area.
We use [RFC8378] signal-free multicast to implement overlay channels.
Mobility-networks have many channels with thousands subscribers each.
MobilityClients driving through/subscribing to an h3.rB area issue
group address report based on any mechanism supported by [RFC8378].
Example report formats are specified in [RFC4604]. It is advised that
clients establish a ring of objects on their areas of interest.
Report messages are encapsulated between ClientXTRs and EdgeRTRs.
The day in a life of multicast notification update:
1. H3AgentEID determines change or timing requiring an update
2. H3AgentEID sends (S,G) update message via its ServerXTR
Outer Header src/dest: ServerXTR RLOC, EdgeRTR RLOC
Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme
3. EdgeRTR resolves subscribed remote EdgeRTRs, replicates
Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, remote EdgeRTR RLOC
Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme
4. EdgeRTRs lookups ClientEIDs ClientXTRs RLOCs, replicates
Outer Header src/dest: EdgeRTR RLOC, ClientXTR RLOC
Inner Header (S,G): H3ServerEID, EID chosen for theme
5. ClientXTR delivers multicast channel update message to clientEID
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Multicast update packets are of the following structure:
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class | Flow Label | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| Payload Length | Next Header | Hop Limit | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |
+ + |
| | |
+ Source H3AgentEID + |
| | IPv6
+ + |
| | |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |
+ + |
| | |
+ Group Address + |
| | |
+ + |
| | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Source Port = xxxx | Dest Port = xxxx | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
| UDP Length | UDP Checksum | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
| |NXGN
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
~ Nexagons Payload ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 10: multicast update packet header
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
| Type = 1 |gzip | Reserved | Pair Count = X|NXGN
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit State +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit State +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 11: multicast update payload, key-value, key-value..
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
| Type = 2 |gzip | Reserved |H3R15 Count = X|NXGN
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
| |
+ 64bit State +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ 64bit h3.rS ID +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 12: multicast update payload, value, key, key..
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6. Security Considerations
The LISP mobility-network is inherently secure and private.
All information is conveyed to clients using provisioned Geolocation
agents. MobilityClients receive information only via geospatial
channels originating at provisioned agents, replicated by EdgeRTRs.
All traffic is carried over encrypted encapsulation.
7. Privacy Considerations
In the mobility network, MobilityClients obtain temporary clientEIDs
and RLOCs of EdgeRTRs through an AAA process in order to access the
network for a certain period. The interface between MobilityClients
and EdgeRTRs is the most sensitive from a privacy perspective, as the
EdgeRTR can determine the client RLOC and the h3.rB area that the
client is engaged with based on header information, even though the
traffic on this interface is tunneled and the detection content is
encrypted between ClientXTR and EdgeRTR. Enterprises such as vehicle
OEMs or carriers can use their own EdgeRTRs (BYO_RTRs), which are
pre-provisioned to use the mapping system and are approved by other
EdgeRTRs. Beyond the client to EdgeRTR hop, the mapping system does
not hold MobilityClientEID information and remote EdgeRTRs are only
aware of clients' temporary EIDs. H3AgentEIDs decrypt and parse
actual h3.rS detections, taking into account MobilityClientEID
credentials encoded in the client EID and assigned by AAA to avoid
poorly made or localized detections.
In summary the privacy risk mitigations are:
(1) tapping: all communications are through tunnels therefore
may be encrypted using IP-Sec or other supported point to point
underlay standards.
(2) spoofing: it is very hard to guess a MobilityClientEID valid for
a short period of time. Clients and H3Agents EIDs are provisioned
in EdgeRTRs, Clients using the AAA procedure, H3Agents via dev-ops.
(3) credibility: the interface crowd-sources and does not assume to
trust single detections. Credit history track MobilityClient
aggregate scores from all agents are delivered to AAA subsystem
(4) geo-privacy: Only EdgeRTRs are aware of both clients' RLOC and
geo-location, only AAA is aware of client IDs credentials and
credit but not geo-location. Ongoing client credit adjustments span
all H3Agents administratively to AAA without specific geo-source.
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8. Acknowledgments
We would like to kindly thank Joel Halperin for helping structure the
AAA section and Geo-Privacy provisions, Luigi Lannone for promoting
such LISP Compute First Networking (CFN) use-cases, helping structure
the IANA section, and shepherding this draft to completion. We would
like to thank George Ericson from Dell, Lei Zhong from Toyota, Mikael
Kleinfrom Ericsson, Leifeng Ruan from Intel, Ririn Andarini from NTT,
for helping with Geolocation and Dataflow Virtualization terminology
and key-issues during joint work at the AECC. We would like to thank
Professor Trevor Darrel and Professor Fisher Yu of BDD for reviewing
IANA enumerations for detections-consolidations feasible by visionAI
and Edge Computing. We would like to thank Isaac Brodsky, Nick
Rabinowitz, David Ellis, and AJ Friend of the H3 steering committee
for reviewing the use of the H3 grid in the lisp-nexagon network.
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9. IANA Considerations
In accordance with BCP 26 [RFC8126].IANA is asked to create a registry
named NEXAGON with the following sub registries.
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+
| Spec | IANA Name | Bit | Description |
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+
| Type | nexagon-type | 0-7 | Type of key-value encoding|
| gzip | nexagon-gzip | 8-10 | gzip major version used |
| PairCount| nexagon-paircount| 24-31 | key-value pair count |
+----------+------------------+----------+---------------------------+
State Enumeration Field 0x0: Traffic Direction:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Lane North | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Lane North + 30 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Lane North + 60 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Lane North + 90 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | Lane North + 120 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | Lane North + 150 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Lane North + 180 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | Lane North + 210 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Lane North + 240 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Lane North + 270 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | Lane North + 300 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | Lane North + 330 | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Junction | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Shoulder | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Sidewalk | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x1: Persistent Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Pothole Light | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Pothole Deep | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Speed-bump Low | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Speed-bump High | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | Icy | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | Flooded | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Snow-cover | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | Deep Snow | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Cone | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Gravel | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | Choppy | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | Blind-Curve | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Steep | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Low-bridge | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Other | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x2: Transient Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Jaywalker | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Bike or Scooter | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Stopped Vehicle | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Moving on Shoulder | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | First Responder | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | Sudden Slowdown | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Oversize Vehicle | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | Light/Sign Breach | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Collision Light | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Collision Severe | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | Collision Debris | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | Collision Course | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Vehicle Hard Brake | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Vehicle Sharp Turn | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Freed-up Parking | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x3: Traffic-light Counter:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | 1 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | 2 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | 3 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | 4 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | 5 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | 6 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | 7 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | 8 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | 9 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | 10 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | 20 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | 30 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | 60 Second to Green | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Green Now | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Red Now | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x4: Impacted Tile:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Epicenter | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | 2 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | 3 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | 4 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | 5 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | 6 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | 7 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | 8 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | 9 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | 10 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | 20 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | 30 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | 60 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | <100 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | <200 Tiles Away | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x5: Expected Duration:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Next 1 Second | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Next 5 Seconds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Next 10 Seconds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Next 20 Seconds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | Next 40 Seconds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | Next 60 Seconds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Next 2 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | Next 3 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Next 4 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Next 5 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | Next 10 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | Next 15 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Next 30 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Next 60 Minutes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Next 24 Hours | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x6: Lane Right Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Yield | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Speed Limit | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Straight Only | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | No Straight | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | Right Only | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | No Right | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Left Only | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | No Left | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Right Straight | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Left Straight | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | No U Turn | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | No Left or U | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Bike Lane | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | HOV Lane | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Stop | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x7: Movement Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Keep Right | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Keep Left | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Stay in Lane | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Do Not Enter | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | No Trucks | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | No Bikes | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | No Peds | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | One Way | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Parking | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | No Parking | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | No Standing | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | No Passing | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Loading Zone | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Rail Crossing | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | School Zone | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x8: Curves & Intersections:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | Turns Left | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | Turns Right | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | Curves Left | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | Curves Right | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | Reverses Left | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | Reverses Right | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | Winding Road | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | Hair Pin | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | Pretzel Turn | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | Cross Roads | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | Cross T | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | Cross Y | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | Circle | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | Lane Ends | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | Road Narrows | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0x9: Tile Traffic Speed:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | < 1 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | < 2 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | < 3 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | < 4 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | < 5 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | < 6 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | < 7 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | < 8 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | < 9 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | < 10 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | < 20 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | < 30 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | < 40 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | < 50 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | > 50 m/sec | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0xA: Pedestrian Curb Density:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | 100% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | 95% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | 90% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | 85% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | 80% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | 70% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | 60% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | 50% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | 40% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | 30% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | 20% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | 15% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | 10% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | 5% | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | No Peds | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
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State Enumeration Field 0xB: Local Zone Speed Limit:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0 | Null | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x1 | 1 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x2 | 2 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x3 | 3 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x4 | 4 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x5 | 5 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x6 | 6 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x7 | 7 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x8 | 8 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0x9 | 9 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xA | 10 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xB | 15 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xC | 20 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xD | 25 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xE | 30 m/sec | [This Document] |
| | | |
| 0xF | 35 m/sec | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
State enumeration fields 0xC, 0xD, 0xE, 0xF, are unassigned.
IANA can assign them on a "First Come First Served" basis
according to [RFC8126].
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10. Normative References
[RFC9300] Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Meyer, D., Lewis, D., and A.
Cabellos, Ed., "The Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP)",
RFC 9300, DOI 10.17487/RFC9300,
October 2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9300>.
[RFC9301] Farinacci, D., Maino, F., Fuller, V., and A. Cabellos, Ed.,
"Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) Control Plane",
RFC 9301, DOI 10.17487/RFC9301,
mOctober 2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9301>.
[RFC4604] Holbrook, H., Cain, B., and B. Haberman, "Using Internet
Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3) and Multicast
Listener Discovery Protocol Version 2 (MLDv2) for Source-
Specific Multicast", RFC 4604, DOI 10.17487/RFC4604,
August 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4604>.
[RFC6733] Fajardo, V., Ed., Arkko, J., Loughney, J., and G. Zorn,
Ed., "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 6733,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6733, October 2012,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6733>.
[RFC8126] Cotton, M., Leiba, B., Narten, T., "Guidelines for
Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC8126,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.
[RFC8378] Farinacci, D., Moreno, V., "Signal-Free Locator/ID
Separation Protocol (LISP) Multicast", RFC8378,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8378, May 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8378>.
[H3] Uber Technologies Inc. [n.d.]. H3: Ubers Hexagonal
Hierarchical Spatial Index, May 2021,
<https://eng.uber.com/h3>.
[BDD] Fisher Yu, Wenqi Xian, Yingying Chen, Fangchen Liu, Mike
Liao, Vashisht Madhavan, and Trevor Darrell. BDD100K: A
diverse driving video database with scalable annotation
tooling, arXiv:1805.04687, February 2018,
<https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1805.04687>.
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Authors' Addresses
Sharon Barkai
Nexar
CA
USA
Email: sbarkai@gmail.com
Bruno Fernandez-Ruiz
Nexar
London
UK
Email: b@getnexar.com
Rotem Tamir
Nexar
Israel
Email: rotemtamir@getnexar.com
Alberto Rodriguez-Natal
Cisco Systems
170 Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA
USA
Email: natal@cisco.com
Fabio Maino
Cisco Systems
170 Tasman Drive
San Jose, CA
USA
Email: fmaino@cisco.com
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Albert Cabellos-Aparicio
Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
Barcelona
Spain
Email: acabello@ac.upc.edu
Jordi Paillisse-Vilanova
Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
Barcelona
Spain
Email: jordip@ac.upc.edu
Dino Farinacci
lispers.net
San Jose, CA
USA
Email: farinacci@gmail.com
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