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Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE) Management Information Base (MIB)
draft-ietf-mpls-ftn-mib-09

The information below is for an old version of the document that is already published as an RFC.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 3814.
Authors Thomas Nadeau , Cheenu Srinivasan , Arun Viswanathan
Last updated 2015-10-14 (Latest revision 2003-10-22)
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draft-ietf-mpls-ftn-mib-09
Network Working Group                                  Thomas D. Nadeau
Internet Draft                                      Cisco Systems, Inc.
Expires: March 2004                                                    
                                                      Cheenu Srinivasan
                                                         Bloomberg L.P.
                                                                       
                                                       Arun Viswanathan
                                                 Force10 Networks, Inc.
                                                                       
                                                           October 2003
                                    
                                    
       Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Forwarding Equivalence
         Class To Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (FEC-To-NHLFE)
                       Management Information Base
                                    
                     draft-ietf-mpls-ftn-mib-09.txt
                                    
                                    
Status of this Memo
   
   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC 2026.
   
   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that
   other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
   Drafts.
   
   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   
   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.
   
   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

Abstract
   
   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
   for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
   In particular, it describes managed objects for defining, configuring
   and monitoring Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC) to Next Hop Label
   Forwarding Entry (NHLFE) mappings and corresponding actions for use
   with Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).

Table of Contents

  1. Introduction  .............................................. 2
  2. Terminology  ............................................... 3
  3. Conventions Used In This Document  ......................... 3
  4. The Internet-Standard Management Framework  ................ 3

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  5. Outline  ................................................... 4
  5.1.  mplsFTNTable  ........................................... 4
  5.1.1.Advantages of Address Ranges Over CIDR Prefixes  ........ 4
  5.2.  mplsFTNMapTable  ........................................ 5
  5.2.1.Indexing Requirements  .................................. 5
  5.2.2.How the Current Indexing Works  ......................... 6
  5.3.  mplsFTNPerfTable  ....................................... 7
  6. Avoiding Retrieval-Modification Interactions  .............. 7
  7. Example Illustrating MIB Module Components  ................ 8
  7.1.  Sample FTN Rules  ....................................... 8
  7.2.  Creating FTN Entries and Applying them to Interfaces  ... 9
  7.3.  Mapping an FTN Entry to Multiple Interfaces  ........... 10
  7.4.  Inserting an Entry Into Existing List  ................. 11
  7.5.  Pictorial Tabular Relationship  ........................ 12
  7.6.  Deleting an Entry  ..................................... 13
  8. The Use of RowPointer  .................................... 15
  9. MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB Definitions  ............................. 15
  10.   Security Considerations  ............................... 36
  11.   IANA Considerations  ................................... 37
  11.1. IANA Considerations for MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB  .............. 37
  12.   References  ............................................ 37
  12.1. Normative References  .................................. 37
  12.2. Informative References  ................................ 38
  13.   Authors' Addresses  .................................... 39
  14.   Acknowledgements  ...................................... 40
  15.   Full Copyright Statement  .............................. 40
  16.   Intellectual Property Considerations  .................. 40

1. Introduction
   
   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
   for use with network management protocols in the Internet community.
   In particular, it describes managed objects for specifying Forwarding
   Equivalence Class (FEC) to Next Hop Label Forwarding Entry (NHLFE)
   mappings and corresponding actions for Multiprotocol Label Switching
   (MPLS).
   
   At the ingress of an MPLS network, packets entering the MPLS domain
   are assigned to a FEC. Those packets belonging to a FEC are
   associated with a NHLFE (i.e. MPLS label) via the FEC-to-NHLFE (FTN)
   mapping [RFC3031]. This relationship defines how ingress LSRs will
   impose MPLS labels onto incoming packets. It also defines how egress
   LSRs will decapsulate the MPLS shim header from MPLS packets.
   

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   Conceptually, some of the FTN table functionality could be
   implemented using the Forwarding Information Base (FIB) to map all
   packets destined for a prefix to an LSP. However, this mapping is
   coarse in nature.
   
   Similar functionality is already being used in other contexts such as
   security filters, access filters, and for RSVP flow identification.
   All of these require various combinations of matching based on IP
   header and upper-layer header information to identify packets for a
   particular treatment.  When packets match a particular rule, a
   corresponding action is executed on those packets.  For example, two
   popular actions to take when a successful match is identified are
   allowing the packet to be forwarded or to discard it.  However, other
   actions are possible, such as modifying the TOS byte, or redirecting
   a packet to a particular outgoing interface.  In the context of MPLS,
   the possible actions performed by an NHLFE are to redirect packets to
   either an MPLS Label Switched Path (LSP) or an MPLS Traffic
   Engineered (TE) Tunnel.
   
   This document attempts to consolidate the various matching
   requirements and associated action options needed for MPLS into a
   single specification.

2. Terminology
   
   Although all of the terminology used in this document is either
   covered in the MPLS Architecture [RFC3031] or in the SNMP
   Architecture [RFC3411], it is informational to define some
   immediately pertinent acronyms/terminology here.
      
      MPLS  Multiprotocol Label Switching
      FEC   Forwarding Equivalence Class
      NHLFE Next-Hop Label Forwarding Entry
      FTN   FEC-to-NHLFE
      MIB   Management Information Base

3. Conventions Used In This Document
   
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED",  "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].

4. The Internet-Standard Management Framework
   
   For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
   Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
   RFC 3410 [RFC3410].

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   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
   the Management Information Base or MIB.  MIB objects are generally
   accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
   Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the
   Structure of Management Information (SMI).  This memo specifies a MIB
   module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in STD 58,
   RFC 2578 [RFC2578], STD 58, RFC 2579 [RFC2579] and STD 58, RFC 2580
   [RFC2580].

5. Outline
   
   This MIB module resides on any LSR which does the FEC-to-NHLFE
   mapping in order to map traffic into the MPLS domain. This MIB module
   consists of three tables:
   
   -  mplsFTNTable defines the rule base against which incoming packets
      are matched and actions taken on matching packets;
   
   -  mplsFTNMapTable defines the application of these rules to specific
      interfaces;
   
   -  mplsFTNPerfTable provides performance counters for every entry in
      mplsFTNTable that is active on one or more interfaces, on a per-
      interface basis.

5.1.  mplsFTNTable
   
   This table allows FEC to NHLFE mappings to be specified.  Each entry
   in this table (also referred to as an "FTN entry" in this document)
   defines a rule to be applied to incoming packets (on interfaces that
   the entry is activated on using mplsFTNMapTable as explained in
   Section 5.2) and an action to be taken on matching packets.
   mplsFTNTable allows 6-tuple matching rules based on one or more of
   source address range, destination address range, source port range,
   destination port range, IPv4 Protocol field [RFC791] or IPv6 next-
   header field [RFC2460] and the DiffServ Code Point (DSCP, [RFC2474])
   to be specified.  Packet redirection is based on an action pointer
   which points either at an mplsXCEntry in MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [LSRMIB]
   when the NHLFE is a non-TE LSP, or at an mplsTunnelEntry in MPLS-TE-
   STD-MIB [TEMIB] when the NHLFE is the origin of a TE tunnel.

5.1.1.Advantages of Address Ranges Over CIDR Prefixes
   
   One possible way to specify a set of addresses as part of an FTN rule
   is to use CIDR prefixes [RFC1519]. We have instead chosen to allow
   FTN rules to be expressed in terms of address ranges in mplsFTNTable
   because they have the following advantages.

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   -  The number of CIDR prefixes needed to represent some address
      ranges is very large. For example, we need the following 6 CIDR
      prefixes to represent the range of addresses [192.0.2.0-
      192.0.2.62]: 192.0.2.0/27, 192.0.2.32/28, 192.0.2.48/29,
      192.0.2.56/30, 192.0.2.60/31, and 192.0.2.62/32.  A rule such as
      "redirect all packets with a source address in the range
      [192.0.2.0-192.0.2.62] and destination address in the range
      [192.0.2.128-192.0.2.190] to tunnel #2" would require the
      creation of 36 conceptual rows in mplsFTNTable if the rules were
      expressed as CIDR prefixes but only a single conceptual row if we
      used address ranges instead.
   
   -  Every CIDR prefix can be expressed as a single equivalent address
      range.
   
   -  A particular implementation is free to translate the address
      ranges specified in mplsFTNTable internally to equivalent CIDR
      prefixes, if it so chooses. However, given that powerful range
      matching algorithms are available, many implementations may
      prefer to implement these directly.

5.2.  mplsFTNMapTable
   
   This table provides the capability to activate or map FTN entries
   defined in mplsFTNTable to specific interfaces in the system.
   Packets received on an interface are compared against FTN entries in
   the order in which these entries are applied to the interface.

5.2.1.Indexing Requirements
   
   The indexing structure of mplsFTNMapTable was designed to satisfy the
   following requirements.
   
   -  We must be able to insert a new entry into an existing list of
      entries on an interface with a single SET operation. Thus, we
      must be able to support an insertion operation that does not
      require manual reindexing of existing entries.
   
   -  A management application must be able to traverse entries that
      have been applied to a particular interface in the order of
      application. The number of (non-bulk) retrieval operations to
      obtain this information as dictated by the particular indexing
      scheme that we choose for mplsFTNMapTable must be no more than
      that dictated by any other indexing scheme. For example, the
      indexing scheme must not force the Network Management Application
      to retrieve all the entries in the table and sift through them
      offline to obtain this information.

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5.2.2.How the Current Indexing Works
   
   The natural data-structure for implementing constant time insertions
   between two existing entries and for supporting in-order traversals
   is a linked-list.
   
   The chosen indexing structure of mplsFTNMapTable makes the entries in
   the table behave like items in a linked-list.  Each conceptual row
   has an object, mplsFTNMapPrevIndex, which is a pointer to the
   previous entry that is applied to a particular interface.  This
   object is self-adjusting, i.e. its value is automatically adjusted by
   the agent, if necessary, after an insertion or deletion operation.
   
   This indexing scheme provides a mechanism to 'insert' an FTN entry
   between two existing entries already applied on an interface.  This
   is done by specifying the entry after which a new entry should be
   inserted in mplsFTNMapPrevIndex.
   
   Using this linked-list structure, one can retrieve FTN entries in the
   order of application on a per-interface basis as follows:
   
   -  To determine the first FTN entry on an interface with index
      ifIndex perform a GETNEXT retrieval operation on
      mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.0.0; the returned object, if one
      exists, is (say) mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.0.n
      (mplsFTNMapRowStatus is the first accessible columnar object in
      the conceptual row). Then the index of the first FTN entry
      applied on this interface is n.
   
   -  To determine the FTN entry applied to an interface after the one
      indexed by n perform a GETNEXT retrieval operation on
      mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.n.0.  If such an entry exists the
      returned object would be of the form
      mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.n.m.  Then the index of the next FTN
      entry applied on this interface is m.
   
   -  If the FTN entry indexed by n is the last entry applied to the
      interface with index ifIndex then the object returned would
      either be:
      
      1.mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndexNext.0.k, where ifIndexNext is the
        index of the next interface in ifTable to which an FTN entry
        has been applied, in which case k is the index of the first FTN
        entry applied to the interface with index ifIndexNext;
      
      or:
      
      2.mplsFTNMapStorageType.firstIfIndex.0.p, if there are no more
        entries in mplsFTNMapTable, where firstIfIndex is the first
        entry in ifTable to which an FTN entry has been mapped.

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   The above steps can be used to retrieve all the applied entries on a
   per-interface basis in application order.  Note that the number of
   retrieval operations is equal to the number of applied FTN entries
   (i.e. the minimum number of GETNEXT operations needed using any
   indexing scheme).
   
   Also note that we could not have created this linked-list structure
   using a 'next' pointer object instead of the 'previous' pointer
   object that we chose because this would not allow us to determine the
   first FTN entry that has been mapped to a specific interface using a
   single SNMP (non-bulk) retrieval operation.
   
   The use of this indexing structure is further illustrated using an
   example in Section 7.

5.3.  mplsFTNPerfTable
   
   If an FTN entry has been applied to one or more interfaces, this
   table provides high-capacity performance counters to monitor each
   such FTN entry on a per-interface basis.

6. Avoiding Retrieval-Modification Interactions
   
   The problem of an ongoing traversal or retrieval operation on an SNMP
   table being affected by a concurrent modification operation on that
   table is not unique to this MIB module.  However, it is useful to
   note that a cautious application can keep track of the state of the
   the modifiable tables in this MIB module using the objects
   mplsFTNTableLastChanged and mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged.
   
   For instance, before performing a traversal of mplsFTNMapTable, the
   application should retrieve the value of mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged.
   Each subsequent GETNEXT operation on the table should include this
   object as well.  For example, GETNEXT(mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged.0,
   mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.n.0) can be used to:
   
   -  Determine the FTN entry after the one indexed by n (in linked-list
      order) mapped to the interface with index ifIndex, as explained
      in Section 5.2.2;
   
   -  Verify by comparing the value of mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged
      retrieved by this operation with the value retrieved before the
      traversal was begun that mplsFTNMapTable was not modified during
      the retrieval process.
   
   Using this technique an application can ensure the validity of the
   retrieved information with minimal overhead.  This is particularly

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   important while retrieving information from frequently modified
   tables.

7. Example Illustrating MIB Module Components
   
   In this section we use an example to illustrate how the objects
   defined in MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB work together to perform FEC to NHLFE
   mapping.
   
   Note that for the various table entries involved in this example we
   only show the objects that help illustrate each case.

7.1.  Sample FTN Rules
   
   Suppose that we wish to activate the following two FTN rules.
    
    Rule #1: On interface ifIndex = 1 redirect packets with source IPv4
    address matching 192.0.2.63 to an LSP with outgoing ifIndex = 50
    and outgoing label = 150
   
   where the specified LSP is represented by the following entries in
   mplsXCTable and mplsOutSegmentTable.
   
   In mplsXCTable:
   {
      mplsXCIndex = 0x02,
      mplsXCInSegmentIndex = 0x00,
      mplsXCOutSegmentIndex = 0x03,
      mplsXCLabelStackIndex = 0
   }
   The value 0x00 for mplsXCInSegmentIndex represents an originating
   LSP [LSRMIB].
   
   In mplsOutSegmentTable:
   {
      mplsOutSegmentIndex = 0x03,
      mplsOutSegmentIfIndex = 50,
      mplsOutSegmentPushTopLabel = true,
      mplsOutSegmentTopLabel = 150
   }
    
    Rule #2: On interface ifIndex = 1 redirect packets with destination
    IPv4 addresses in the range [192.0.2.32, 192.0.2.96] to tunnel #4
   
   where the specified tunnel is represented by the following entry in
   mplsTunnelTable:
   {
      mplsTunnelIndex = 4,

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      -- primary tunnel
      mplsTunnelInstance = 0,
      mplsTunnelIngressLSRID = 192.0.2.1,
      mplsTunnelEgressLSRID = 192.0.2.2
   }

7.2.  Creating FTN Entries and Applying them to Interfaces
   
   The action "redirect packets with source IPv4 address matching
   192.0.2.63 to an LSP with outgoing ifIndex = 50 and outgoing label =
   150" in Rule #1 can be implemented by the following entry in
   mplsFTNTable:
   {
      mplsFTNIndex = 1,
      mplsFTNDescr = "Rule #1",
      -- source address only
      mplsFTNMask = 0x80,
      mplsFTNAddrType = ipv4,
      mplsFTNSourceAddrMin = 192.0.2.63,
      mplsFTNSourceAddrMax = 192.0.2.63,
      mplsFTNActionType = redirectLsp(1),
      mplsFTNActionPointer = mplsXCLspId.1.2.1.0.1.3
   }
   We indicate the LSP to redirect packets to by setting
   mplsFTNActionPointer to the first accessible columnar object
   instance in mplsXCEntry that corresponds to this LSP, in this case
   mplsXCLspId.1.2.1.0.1.3.
   
   This action is then activated on "interface ifIndex = 1" by the
   following entry in mplsFTNMapTable to complete the implementation of
   Rule #1:
   {
      -- apply rule to interface ifIndex = 1
      mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,
      -- first FTN entry on this interface
      mplsFTNPrevIndex = 0,
      -- index of current entry in mplsFTNTable, i.e. Rule #1
      mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 1
   }
   
   The action "redirect packets with destination IPv4 addresses in the
   range [192.0.2.32, 192.0.2.96] to tunnel #4" in Rule #2 can be
   implemented by the following entry in mplsFTNTable:
   {
      mplsFTNIndex = 2,
      mplsFTNDescr = "Rule #2",
      -- destination address only
      mplsFTNMask = 0x40,
      mplsFTNAddrType = ipv4,

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      mplsFTNDestAddrMin = 192.0.2.32,
      mplsFTNDestAddrMax = 192.0.2.96,
      mplsFTNActionType = redirectTunnel(2),
      mplsFTNActionPointer = mplsTunnelName.4.0.3221225985.3221225986
   }
   where 3221225985 and 3221225986 are the representations of the
   addresses 192.0.2.1 and 192.0.2.2, respectively, as Unsigned32 (the
   underlying data type) entities.
   
   This rule needs to be activated on "interface ifIndex = 1" after Rule
   #1 which was previously activated on this interface. This is done by
   the following entry in mplsFTNMapTable to complete the implementation
   of Rule #2:
   {
      -- apply rule to interface ifIndex = 1
      mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,
      -- insert after Rule #1 (mplsFTNIndex = 1)
      mplsFTNPrevIndex = 1,
      -- index of current entry in mplsFTNTable, i.e. Rule #2
      mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2
   }

7.3.  Mapping an FTN Entry to Multiple Interfaces
   
   Suppose we now wish to activate the following rule:
    
    Rule #2b: On interface ifIndex = 2 redirect packets with
    destination IPv4 addresses in the range [192.0.2.32, 192.0.2.96] to
    tunnel #4
   
   Notice that the FEC and corresponding action associated with this
   rule (i.e. "redirect packets with destination IPv4 addresses in the
   range [192.0.2.32, 192.0.2.96] to tunnel #4") are the same as that
   associated with Rule #2.  Hence we can reuse the existing entry with
   mplsFTNIndex = 2 from mplsFTNTable.
   
   However, we have to create the following new entry in mplsFTNMapTable
   to activate this FTN entry as the first one on the interface with
   ifIndex = 2.
   {
      -- apply rule to interface ifIndex = 2
      mplsFTNMapIndex = 2,
      -- first FTN entry on this interface
      mplsFTNPrevIndex = 0,
      -- index of current entry in mplsFTNTable
      mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2
   }

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7.4.  Inserting an Entry Into Existing List
   
   At a later point suppose that we wish to introduce the following Rule
   between Rules #1 and #2.
    
    Rule #3: On interface ifIndex = 1 redirect all packets with
    destination IPv4 address matching the prefix 192.0.2.32/28 to
    tunnel #3
   
   where the tunnel we wish to redirect traffic to is represented by the
   following entry in mplsTunnelTable:
   {
      mplsTunnelIndex = 3,
      -- primary tunnel
      mplsTunnelInstance = 0,
      mplsTunnelIngressLSRID = 192.0.2.3,
      mplsTunnelEgressLSRID = 192.0.2.4
   }
   
   Note that the ordering of the rules on a particular interface is
   critical since the range of addresses specified in Rule #3 is a
   subset of the ones specified in Rule #2.
   
   Without the linked-list style insertion feature supported by
   mplsFTNMapTable we would possibly have had to reindex existing
   entries (or plan for such changes by leaving sufficient gaps between
   indexes, something that only postpones the problem).  With the
   existing tables we solve this problem by creating the following
   entries.
   
   We implement the phrase "redirect all packets with destination IPv4
   address matching the prefix 1.4.0.0/16 to tunnel #3" in Rule #3 by
   creating the following entry in mplsFTNTable:
   {
      mplsFTNIndex = 3,
      mplsFTNDescr = "Rule #3",
      -- destination address only
      mplsFTNMask = 0x40,
      mplsFTNAddrType = ipv4,
      -- address range equivalent to CIDR prefix 192.0.2.32/28
      mplsFTNDestAddrMin = 192.0.2.32,
      mplsFTNDestAddrMax = 192.0.2.47,
      mplsFTNActionType = redirectTunnel,
      mplsFTNActionPointer = mplsTunnelName.3.0.3221225987.3221225988
   }
   where 3221225987 and 3221225988 are the representations of the
   addresses 192.0.2.3 and 192.0.2.4, respectively, as Unsigned32 (the
   underlying data type) entities.
   
   We next insert this rule in mplsFTNMapTable just after Rule #1 as

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   follows:
   {
      -- apply rule to interface ifIndex = 1
      mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,
      -- insert after Rule #1 (mplsFTNIndex = 1)
      mplsFTNPrevIndex = 1,
      -- index of current entry in mplsFTNTable i.e. Rule #3
      mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 3
   }
   
   After the insertion of Rule #3 in mplsFTNMapTable the 'previous'
   pointer object mplsFTNMapPrevIndex of the next entry (corresponding
   to Rule #2) adjusts automatically to point to this entry.
   
   Note that, of the existing entries in the table, the only one that is
   impacted by an insertion operation is the entry on that particular
   interface immediately after the newly inserted one, if it exists.
   None of the other entries in mplsFTNMapTable are impacted.  For
   instance, in this particular example, when the entry for Rule #3 was
   inserted between those for Rules #1 and #2, the entries for Rules #1
   and #2b were not impacted.

7.5.  Pictorial Tabular Relationship
   
   At this point the relationship between different table entries can be
   represented pictorially as follows. For each conceptual row instance
   we show the table that it belongs to along with its indices in
   parentheses. (Note that various conceptual rows are depicted in a way
   that is convenient for showing the interrelationships and are not
   necessarily in lexicographical order.)
   
                ifTable, The Interfaces Group MIB [RFC2863]:
             +-> ifEntry (1)
             |    (ifIndex = 1)
             |
             |  mplsFTNMapTable:
             |   mplsFTNMapEntry (1.0.1): <--------------------+
             +<-- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,                        |
             |     mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 0, ---> (NULL)        |
             |     mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 1) ------------+      |
             |                                          |      |
             |   mplsFTNMapEntry (1.1.3): <------------------+ |
             +<-- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,                 |    | |
             |     mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 1, ----------->+    | |
             |     mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 3) ---------+  |    | |
             |                                       |  |    | |
             |   mplsFTNMapEntry (1.3.2): <----------------+ | |
             +<-- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,              |  |  | | |
                   mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 3, -------->+  |  | | |

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                   mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2) ----+    |  |  | | |
   
                                                |    |  |  | | |
                mplsFTNTable:                   |    |  |  | | |
                 mplsFTNEntry (2):              |    |  |  | | |
             +--> (mplsFTNIndex = 2) <----------+    |  |  | | |
             |                                       |  |  | | |
             |   mplsFTNEntry (3):                   |  |  | | |
             |    (mplsFTNIndex = 3) <---------------+  |  | | |
             |                                          |  | | |
             |   mplsFTNEntry (1):                      |  | | |
             |    (mplsFTNIndex = 1) <------------------+  | | |
             |                                             | | |
             |  mplsFTNPerfTable:                          | | |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (1.2):                   | | |
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 1,                   | | |
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 2) --------------+ | |
             |                                               | |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (1.3):                     | |
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 1,                     | |
             |      mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 3) ---------------+ |
             |                                                 |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (1.1):                       |
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 1,                       |
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 1) ------------------+
             |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (2.2):
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 2,
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 2) ------------------+
             |                                                 |
             |  ifTable, The Interfaces Group MIB [RFC2863]:   |
           +---> ifEntry (2):                                  |
           | |    (ifIndex = 2)                                |
           | |                                                 |
           | |   mplsFTNMapEntry (2.1.2): <--------------------+
           +----- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 2
             |     mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 0 ---> (NULL)
             +---- mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2)

7.6.  Deleting an Entry
   
   Let us next look at how we can remove the recently applied Rule #3
   and how the existing conceptual rows behave in this situation.
   
   The conceptual row corresponding to the application of Rule #3 to
   interface ifIndex = 1 has the following index values: mplsFTNMapIndex
   = 1, mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 1 and mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 3.  To delete
   this conceptual row the Network Management Application performs a SET
   operation setting the object instance mplsFTNMapRowStatus.1.1.3 to

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   the value destroy(6). The agent then destroys this conceptual row.
   It also automatically adjusts the object instance of
   mplsFTNMapPrevIndex corresponding to Rule #2 from the value 3 (i.e.
   pointing to the recently destroyed Rule #3) to the value 1 (i.e. to
   Rule #1).
   
   At this point the rules applied to interface ifIndex = 1 are Rule #1
   and Rule #2, in that order and the relationship between different
   table entries can be represented pictorially as follows.
   
                ifTable, The Interfaces Group MIB [RFC2863]:
             +-> ifEntry (1)
             |    (ifIndex = 1)
             |
             |  mplsFTNMapTable:
             |   mplsFTNMapEntry (1.0.1): <--------------------+
             +<-- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,                        |
             |     mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 0, ---> (NULL)        |
             |     mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 1) ------------+      |
             |                                          |      |
             |   mplsFTNMapEntry (1.1.2): <----------------+   |
             +<-- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 1,                 |  |   |
                   mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 1, ------------+  |   |
                   mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2) ----+       |  |   |
                                                |       |  |   |
                mplsFTNTable:                   |       |  |   |
                 mplsFTNEntry (2):              |       |  |   |
             +--> (mplsFTNIndex = 2) <----------+       |  |   |
             |                                          |  |   |
             |   mplsFTNEntry (3):                      |  |   |
             |    (mplsFTNIndex = 3)                    |  |   |
             |                                          |  |   |
             |   mplsFTNEntry (1):                      |  |   |
             |    (mplsFTNIndex = 1) <------------------+  |   |
             |                                             |   |
             |  mplsFTNPerfTable:                          |   |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (1.2):                   |   |
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 1,                   |   |
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 2) --------------+   |
             |                                                 |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (1.1):                       |
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 1,                       |
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 1) ------------------+
             |
             |   mplsFTNPerfEntry (2.2):
             |    (mplsFTNPerfIndex = 2,
             |     mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex = 2) ------------------+
             |                                                 |
             |  ifTable, The Interfaces Group MIB [RFC2863]:   |
           +---> ifEntry (2):                                  |

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           | |    (ifIndex = 2)                                |
           | |                                                 |
           | |   mplsFTNMapEntry (2.1.2): <--------------------+
           +----- (mplsFTNMapIndex = 2
             |     mplsFTNMapPrevIndex = 0 ---> (NULL)
             +---- mplsFTNMapCurrIndex = 2)
   
   Note that the FTN entry for Rule #3 still exists in mplsFTNTable at
   this point but is not referenced by any conceptual row in
   mplsFTNMapTable or mplsFTNPerfTable.
   
   Also note that the deletion of an entry from mplsFTNMapTable only
   impacts the entry on that particular interface immediately after the
   deleted entry, if it exists.  None of the other conceptual rows in
   mplsFTNMapTable are impacted.  For instance, in this particular
   example, when the entry for Rule #3 was deleted, the entries for
   Rules #1 and #2b were not impacted.

8. The Use of RowPointer
   
   RowPointer is a textual convention used to identify a conceptual row
   in a conceptual table in a MIB by pointing to the first accessible
   object.  In this MIB module, in mplsFTNTable, the RowPointer object
   mplsFTNActionPointer indicates the LSP or TE Tunnel to redirect
   packets matching an FTN entry to.  This object MUST point to the
   first instance of the first accessible columnar object in the
   appropriate conceptual row in order to allow the manager to find the
   appropriate corresponding entry in either MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB [LSRMIB]
   or MPLS-TE-STD-MIB [TEMIB]. If this object returns zeroDotZero it
   implies that there is no currently defined action that is associated
   with that particular FTN entry.

9. MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB Definitions

MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN

IMPORTS
   MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, Unsigned32, Counter64, Integer32
      FROM SNMPv2-SMI
   MODULE-COMPLIANCE, OBJECT-GROUP
      FROM SNMPv2-CONF
   RowStatus, StorageType, RowPointer,
   TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, TimeStamp
      FROM SNMPv2-TC
   SnmpAdminString
      FROM SNMP-FRAMEWORK-MIB
   InterfaceIndexOrZero,
   ifGeneralInformationGroup, ifCounterDiscontinuityGroup

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      FROM IF-MIB
   mplsStdMIB
      FROM MPLS-TC-STD-MIB
   InetAddressType, InetAddress, InetPortNumber
      FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB
   Dscp
      FROM DIFFSERV-DSCP-TC
      ;

mplsFTNStdMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
   LAST-UPDATED "200310201200Z"  -- 20 October 2003 12:00:00 GMT
   ORGANIZATION "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Working Group"
   CONTACT-INFO
       "
                Thomas D. Nadeau
        Postal: Cisco Systems, Inc.
                250 Apollo Drive
                Chelmsford, MA 01824
        Tel:    +1-978-244-3051
        Email:  tnadeau@cisco.com
       
                Cheenu Srinivasan
        Postal: Bloomberg L.P.
                499 Park Avenue
                New York, NY 10022
        Tel:    +1-212-893-3682
        Email:  cheenu@bloomberg.net
       
                Arun Viswanathan
        Postal: Force10 Networks, Inc.
                1440 McCarthy Blvd
                Milpitas, CA 95035
        Tel:    +1-408-571-3516
        Email:  arunv@force10networks.com
       
        IETF MPLS Working Group email: mpls@uu.net"
   
   DESCRIPTION
       "Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). This version of this
        MIB module is part of RFC xxxx; see the RFC itself for full
        legal notices.
       
        This MIB module contains managed object definitions for
        specifying FEC to NHLFE (FTN) mappings and corresponding
        performance for MPLS."
       
   -- Revision history.
   
   REVISION
       "200310201200Z"  -- 20 October 2003 12:00:00 GMT

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   DESCRIPTION
       "Initial version issued as part of RFC XXXX."
    ::= { mplsStdMIB XXX } -- See IANA Considerations section.
                           -- Requested mplsStdMIB sub-ID is 8.

-- Textual conventions used in this MIB.
MplsFTNEntryIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Index for an entry in mplsFTNTable."
   SYNTAX              Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)

MplsFTNEntryIndexOrZero ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Index for an entry in mplsFTNTable or the special value
        zero. The value zero is object-specific and must
        therefore be defined as part of the description of any
        object which uses this syntax.  Examples of the usage
        of zero might include situations when none or all
        entries in mplsFTNTable need to be referenced."
   SYNTAX              Unsigned32 (0..4294967295)

-- Top-Level Components of this MIB.

mplsFTNNotifications OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mplsFTNStdMIB 0 }
mplsFTNObjects       OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mplsFTNStdMIB 1 }
mplsFTNConformance   OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mplsFTNStdMIB 2 }

-- Next free index in mplsFTNTable.
mplsFTNIndexNext OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNEntryIndexOrZero
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This object contains the next available valid value to
        be used for mplsFTNIndex when creating entries in the
        mplsFTNTable.
       
        When creating a new conceptual row (configuration
        entry) in mplsFTNTable with an SNMP SET operation the
        command generator (Network Management Application) must
        first issue a management protocol retrieval operation
        to obtain the current value of this object.
       
        If the command responder (agent) does not wish to allow
        creation of more entries in mplsFTNTable, possibly
        because of resource exhaustion, this object MUST return
        a value of 0.
       

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        If a non-zero value is returned the Network Management
        Application must determine whether the value is indeed
        still unused since two Network Management Applications
        may attempt to create a row simultaneously and use the
        same value.
       
        If it is currently unused and the SET succeeds, the
        agent MUST change the value of this object to a
        currently unused non-zero value (according to an
        implementation specific algorithm) or zero (if no
        further row creation will be permitted).
       
        If the value is in use, however, the SET fails and the
        Network Management Application must then reread this
        object to obtain a new usable value."
   ::= { mplsFTNObjects 1 }

-- Last time an object in mplsFTNTable changed.
mplsFTNTableLastChanged OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              TimeStamp
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Indicates the last time an entry was added, deleted or
        modified in mplsFTNTable.  Management stations should
        consult this object to determine if mplsFTNTable
        requires their attention.  This object is particularly
        useful for applications performing a retrieval on
        mplsFTNTable to ensure that the table is not modified
        during the retrieval operation."
   ::=  { mplsFTNObjects 2 }

-- Table of FTN entries.
mplsFTNTable  OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX          SEQUENCE OF MplsFTNEntry
   MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
   STATUS          current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This table contains the currently defined FTN entries.
        This table allows FEC to NHLFE mappings to be
        specified.  Each entry in this table defines a rule to
        be applied to incoming packets (on interfaces that the
        FTN entry is activated on using mplsFTNMapTable) and an
        action to be taken on matching packets
        (mplsFTNActionPointer).
       
        This table supports 6-tuple matching rules based on one
        or more of source address range, destination address
        range, source port range, destination port range, IPv4
        Protocol field or IPv6 next-header field and the

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        DiffServ Code Point (DSCP) to be specified.
       
        The action pointer points either to instance of
        mplsXCEntry in MPLS-LSR-STD-MIB when the NHLFE is a non-
        TE LSP, or to an instance of mplsTunnelEntry in the
        MPLS-TE-STD-MIB when the NHLFE is an originating TE
        tunnel."
   REFERENCE
       "J. Postel, Internet Protocol, RFC 791, STD 5, September
        1981
       
        Deering, S., and R. Hinden, Internet Protocol, Version
        6 (IPv6) Specification, RFC 2460, December 1998
       
        Nichols, K, Blake, S., Baker, F. and D. Black,
        Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS
        Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers, RFC 2474, December
        1998
       
        Srinivasan, C., A. Viswanathan, and T. Nadeau, MPLS
        Label Switch Router Management Information Base, draft-
        ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-12.txt
       
        Srinivasan, C., A. Viswanathan, and T. Nadeau, MPLS
        Traffic Engineering Management Information Base, draft-
        ietf-mpls-te-mib-12.txt"
   ::=  { mplsFTNObjects 3 }

mplsFTNEntry  OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX          MplsFTNEntry
   MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
   STATUS          current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Each entry represents one FTN entry which defines a
        rule to compare incoming packets with and an action to
        be taken on matching packets."
   INDEX { mplsFTNIndex }
   ::=  { mplsFTNTable 1 }

MplsFTNEntry  ::=  SEQUENCE {
      mplsFTNIndex               MplsFTNEntryIndex,
      mplsFTNRowStatus           RowStatus,
      mplsFTNDescr               SnmpAdminString,
      mplsFTNMask                BITS,
      mplsFTNAddrType            InetAddressType,
      mplsFTNSourceAddrMin       InetAddress,
      mplsFTNSourceAddrMax       InetAddress,
      mplsFTNDestAddrMin         InetAddress,
      mplsFTNDestAddrMax         InetAddress,
      mplsFTNSourcePortMin       InetPortNumber,

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      mplsFTNSourcePortMax       InetPortNumber,
      mplsFTNDestPortMin         InetPortNumber,
      mplsFTNDestPortMax         InetPortNumber,
      mplsFTNProtocol            Integer32,
      mplsFTNDscp                Dscp,
      mplsFTNActionType          INTEGER,
      mplsFTNActionPointer       RowPointer,
      mplsFTNStorageType         StorageType
   }

mplsFTNIndex   OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNEntryIndex
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This is the unique index for a conceptual row in
        mplsFTNTable.
       
        To create a new conceptual row in mplsFTNTable a
        Network Management Application SHOULD retrieve the
        current value of mplsFTNIndexNext to determine the next
        valid available value of mplsFTNIndex."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 1 }

mplsFTNRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              RowStatus
   MAX-ACCESS          read-create
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Used for controlling the creation and deletion of this
        row. All writeable objects in this row may be modified
        at any time. If a Network Management Application
        attempts to delete a conceptual row by setting this
        object to 'destroy' and there are one or more entries
        in mplsFTNMapTable pointing to the row (i.e. when
        mplsFTNIndex of the conceptual row being deleted is
        equal to mplsFTNMapCurrIndex for one or more entries in
        mplsFTNMapTable), the agent MUST also destroy the
        corresponding entries in mplsFTNMapTable."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 2 }

mplsFTNDescr   OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              SnmpAdminString
   MAX-ACCESS          read-create
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The description of this FTN entry. Since the index for
        this table has no particular significance or meaning,
        this object should contain some meaningful text that an
        operator could use to further distinguish entries in

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        this table."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 3 }

mplsFTNMask OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             BITS {
                       sourceAddr(0),
                       destAddr(1),
                       sourcePort(2),
                       destPort(3),
                       protocol(4),
                       dscp(5)
                      }
   MAX-ACCESS          read-create
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This bit map indicates which of the fields described
        next, namely source address range, destination address
        range, source port range, destination port range, IPv4
        Protocol field or IPv6 next-header field and
        Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) is active for
        this FTN entry. If a particular bit is set to zero then
        the corresponding field in the packet MUST be ignored
        for comparison purposes."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 4 }

mplsFTNAddrType OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetAddressType
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This object determines the type of address contained in
        the source and destination address objects
        (mplsFTNSourceAddrMin, mplsFTNSourceAddrMax,
        mplsFTNDestAddrMin and mplsFTNDestAddrMax) of a
        conceptual row.
       
        This object MUST NOT be set to unknown(0) when
        mplsFTNMask has bit positions sourceAddr(0) or
        destAddr(1) set to one.
       
        When both these bit positions of mplsFTNMask are set to
        zero the value of mplsFTNAddrType SHOULD be set to
        unknown(0) and the corresponding source and destination
        address objects SHOULD be set to zero-length strings."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 5 }

mplsFTNSourceAddrMin OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetAddress
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current

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   DESCRIPTION
       "The lower end of the source address range. The type of
        this object is determined by the corresponding
        mplsFTNAddrType object."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 6 }

mplsFTNSourceAddrMax OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetAddress
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The upper end of the source address range. The type of
        this object is determined by the corresponding
        mplsFTNAddrType object."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 7 }

mplsFTNDestAddrMin OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetAddress
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The lower end of the destination address range. The
        type of this object is determined by the corresponding
        mplsFTNAddrType object."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 8 }

mplsFTNDestAddrMax OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetAddress
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The higher end of the destination address range. The
        type of this object is determined by the corresponding
        mplsFTNAddrType object."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 9 }

mplsFTNSourcePortMin OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetPortNumber
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The lower end of the source port range."
   DEFVAL { 0 }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 10 }

mplsFTNSourcePortMax OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetPortNumber
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION

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       "The higher end of the source port range "
   DEFVAL { 65535 }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 11 }

mplsFTNDestPortMin OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetPortNumber
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The lower end of the destination port range."
   DEFVAL { 0 }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 12 }

mplsFTNDestPortMax OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             InetPortNumber
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The higher end of the destination port range."
   DEFVAL { 65535 }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 13 }

mplsFTNProtocol OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             Integer32 (0..255)
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The IP protocol to match against the IPv4 protocol
        number or IPv6 Next-Header number in the packet. A
        value of 255 means match all.  Note that the protocol
        number of 255 is reserved by IANA, and Next-Header
        number of 0 is used in IPv6."
   DEFVAL { 255 }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 14 }

mplsFTNDscp OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             Dscp
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The contents of the DSCP field."
   REFERENCE
       "Nichols, K., Blake, S., Baker, F. and D. Black,
        Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS
        Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers, RFC 2474, December
        1998."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 15 }

mplsFTNActionType OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX    INTEGER {

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                redirectLsp(1),   -- redirect into LSP
                redirectTunnel(2) -- redirect into tunnel
             }
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The type of action to be taken on packets matching this
        FTN entry."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 16 }

mplsFTNActionPointer OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             RowPointer
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "If mplsFTNActionType is redirectLsp(1), then this
        object MUST contain zeroDotZero or point to a instance
        of mplsXCEntry indicating the LSP to redirect matching
        packets to.
       
        If mplsFTNActionType is redirectTunnel(2), then this
        object MUST contain zeroDotZero or point to a instance
        of mplsTunnelEntry indicating the MPLS TE tunnel to
        redirect matching packets to.
       
        If this object points to a conceptual row instance in a
        table consistent with mplsFTNActionType but this
        instance does not currently exist then no action will
        be taken on packets matching such an FTN entry till
        this instance comes into existence.
       
        If this object contains zeroDotZero then no action will
        be taken on packets matching such an FTN entry till it
        is populated with a valid pointer consistent with the
        value of mplsFTNActionType as explained above."
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 17 }

mplsFTNStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX             StorageType
   MAX-ACCESS         read-create
   STATUS             current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The storage type for this FTN entry. Conceptual rows
        having the value 'permanent' need not allow write-
        access to any columnar objects in the row."
   DEFVAL { nonVolatile }
   ::= { mplsFTNEntry 18 }

-- End of mplsFTNTable.

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-- Last time an object in mplsFTNMapTable changed.
mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              TimeStamp
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Indicates the last time an entry was added, deleted or
        modified in mplsFTNMapTable. Management stations should
        consult this object to determine if the table requires
        their attention.  This object is particularly useful
        for applications performing a retrieval on
        mplsFTNMapTable to ensure that the table is not
        modified during the retrieval operation."
   ::=  { mplsFTNObjects 4 }

-- FTN to interface mapping table.
mplsFTNMapTable OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              SEQUENCE OF MplsFTNMapEntry
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This table contains objects which provide the
        capability to apply or map FTN rules as defined by
        entries in mplsFTNTable to specific interfaces in the
        system.  FTN rules are compared with incoming packets
        in the order in which they are applied on an interface.
       
        The indexing structure of mplsFTNMapTable is as
        follows.
       
        - mplsFTNMapIndex indicates the interface to which the
          rule is being applied.  A value of 0 represents the
          application of the rule to all interfaces.
        
        - mplsFTNMapPrevIndex specifies the rule on the
          interface prior to the one being applied.  A value of
          0 specifies that the rule is being inserted at the
          head of the list of rules currently applied to the
          interface.
        
        - mplsFTNMapCurrIndex is the index in mplsFTNTable
          corresponding to the rule being applied.
       
        This indexing structure makes the entries in the table
        behave like items in a linked-list.  The object
        mplsFTNMapPrevIndex in each conceptual row is a pointer
        to the previous entry that is applied to a particular
        interface.  This allows a new entry to be 'inserted' at
        an arbitrary position in a list of entries currently
        applied to an interface.  This object is self-

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        adjusting, i.e. its value is automatically adjusted by
        the agent, if necessary, after an insertion or deletion
        operation.
       
        Using this linked-list structure, one can retrieve FTN
        entries in the order of application on a per-interface
        basis as follows:
       
        - To determine the first FTN entry on an interface
          with index ifIndex perform a GETNEXT retrieval
          operation on mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.0.0; the
          returned object, if one exists, is (say)
          mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.0.n (mplsFTNMapRowStatus
          is the first accessible columnar object in the
          conceptual row). Then the index of the first FTN
          entry applied on this interface is n.
        
        - To determine the FTN entry applied to an interface
          after the one indexed by n perform a GETNEXT
          retrieval operation on
          mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.n.0.  If such an entry
          exists the returned object would be of the form
          mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndex.n.m.  Then the index of
          the next FTN entry applied on this interface is m.
        
        - If the FTN entry indexed by n is the last entry
          applied to the interface with index ifIndex then the
          object returned would either be:
        
          1.mplsFTNMapRowStatus.ifIndexNext.0.k, where
            ifIndexNext is the index of the next interface in
            ifTable to which an FTN entry has been applied, in
            which case k is the index of the first FTN entry
            applied to the interface with index ifIndexNext;
        
          or:
        
          2.mplsFTNMapStorageType.firstIfIndex.0.p, if there
            are no more entries in mplsFTNMapTable, where
            firstIfIndex is the first entry in ifTable to
            which an FTN entry has been mapped.
       
        Use the above steps to retrieve all the applied FTN
        entries on a per-interface basis in application order.
        Note that the number of retrieval operations is the
        same as the number of applied FTN entries (i.e. the
        minimum number of GETNEXT operations needed using any
        indexing scheme).
       
        Agents MUST NOT allow the same FTN entry as specified

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        by mplsFTNMapCurrIndex to be applied multiple times to
        the same interface.
       
        Agents MUST NOT allow the creation of rows in this
        table until the corresponding rows are created in the
        mplsFTNTable.
       
        If a row in mplsFTNTable is destroyed, the agent MUST
        destroy the corresponding entries (i.e. ones with a
        matching value of mplsFTNCurrIndex) in this table as
        well."
   ::=  { mplsFTNObjects 5 }

mplsFTNMapEntry OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNMapEntry
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Each conceptual row represents the application of an
        FTN rule at a specific position in the list of FTN
        rules applied on an interface. "
   INDEX {
         mplsFTNMapIndex,
         mplsFTNMapPrevIndex,
         mplsFTNMapCurrIndex
   }
   ::=  { mplsFTNMapTable 1 }

MplsFTNMapEntry  ::=  SEQUENCE {
      mplsFTNMapIndex       InterfaceIndexOrZero,
      mplsFTNMapPrevIndex    MplsFTNEntryIndexOrZero,
      mplsFTNMapCurrIndex    MplsFTNEntryIndex,
      mplsFTNMapRowStatus    RowStatus,
      mplsFTNMapStorageType  StorageType
   }

mplsFTNMapIndex OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              InterfaceIndexOrZero
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The interface index that this FTN entry is being
        applied to. A value of zero indicates an entry that is
        applied all interfaces.
       
        Entries mapped to an interface by specifying its (non-
        zero) interface index in mplsFTNMapIndex are applied
        ahead of entries with mplsFTNMapIndex equal to zero."
   ::= { mplsFTNMapEntry 1 }
   

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mplsFTNMapPrevIndex OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNEntryIndexOrZero
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The index of the previous FTN entry that was applied to
        this interface. The special value zero indicates that
        this should be the first FTN entry in the list."
   ::=  { mplsFTNMapEntry 2 }

mplsFTNMapCurrIndex OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNEntryIndex
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Index of the current FTN entry that is being applied to
        this interface."
   ::=  { mplsFTNMapEntry 3 }

mplsFTNMapRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              RowStatus {
                             active(1),
                             createAndGo(4),
                             destroy(6)
                          }
   MAX-ACCESS          read-create
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Used for controlling the creation and deletion of this
        row.
       
        All writable objects in this row may be modified at any
        time.
       
        If a conceptual row in mplsFTNMapTable points to a
        conceptual row in mplsFTNTable which is subsequently
        deleted, the corresponding conceptual row in
        mplsFTNMapTable MUST also be deleted by the agent."
   ::=  { mplsFTNMapEntry 4 }

mplsFTNMapStorageType OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              StorageType
   MAX-ACCESS          read-create
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The storage type for this entry.  Conceptual rows
        having the value 'permanent' need not allow write-
        access to any columnar objects in this row."
   DEFVAL { nonVolatile }
   ::= { mplsFTNMapEntry 5 }

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-- End of mplsFTNMapTable

-- FTN entry performance table

mplsFTNPerfTable OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              SEQUENCE OF MplsFTNPerfEntry
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "This table contains performance statistics on FTN
        entries on a per-interface basis."
   ::= { mplsFTNObjects 6 }

mplsFTNPerfEntry OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNPerfEntry
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Each entry contains performance information for the
        specified interface and an FTN entry mapped to this
        interface."
   INDEX  { mplsFTNPerfIndex, mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex }
   ::=  { mplsFTNPerfTable 1 }

MplsFTNPerfEntry  ::=  SEQUENCE {
      mplsFTNPerfIndex                     InterfaceIndexOrZero,
      mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex                 MplsFTNEntryIndex,
      mplsFTNPerfMatchedPackets            Counter64,
      mplsFTNPerfMatchedOctets             Counter64,
      mplsFTNPerfDiscontinuityTime         TimeStamp
   }

mplsFTNPerfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              InterfaceIndexOrZero
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The interface index of an interface that an FTN entry
        has been applied/mapped to.  Each instance of this
        object corresponds to an instance of mplsFTNMapIndex."
   ::= { mplsFTNPerfEntry 1 }
   
mplsFTNPerfCurrIndex OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              MplsFTNEntryIndex
   MAX-ACCESS          not-accessible
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Index of an FTN entry that has been applied/mapped to
        the specified interface.  Each instance of this object

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        corresponds to an instance of mplsFTNMapCurrIndex."
   ::=  { mplsFTNPerfEntry 2 }

mplsFTNPerfMatchedPackets OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              Counter64
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Number of packets that matched the specified FTN entry
        if it is applied/mapped to the specified interface.
        Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
        at re-initialization of the management system, and at
        other times as indicated by the value of
        mplsFTNDiscontinuityTime."
   ::= { mplsFTNPerfEntry 3 }

mplsFTNPerfMatchedOctets OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              Counter64
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Number of octets that matched the specified FTN entry
        if it is applied/mapped to the specified interface.
        Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
        at re-initialization of the management system, and at
        other times as indicated by the value of
        mplsFTNDiscontinuityTime."
   ::= { mplsFTNPerfEntry 4 }

mplsFTNPerfDiscontinuityTime OBJECT-TYPE
   SYNTAX              TimeStamp
   MAX-ACCESS          read-only
   STATUS              current
   DESCRIPTION
       "The value of sysUpTime on the most recent occasion at
        which any one or more of this entry's counters suffered
        a discontinuity.  If no such discontinuities have
        occurred since the last re-initialization of the local
        management subsystem, then this object contains a zero
        value."
   ::= { mplsFTNPerfEntry 5 }

-- End of mplsFTNPerfTable

-- Module compliance.

-- Top level object IDs.
mplsFTNGroups
   OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mplsFTNConformance 1 }
mplsFTNCompliances

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   OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mplsFTNConformance 2 }

-- Compliance requirement for fully compliant implementations.
mplsFTNModuleFullCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
   STATUS current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Compliance statement for agents that provide full
        support for MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB."

   MODULE IF-MIB -- The Interfaces Group MIB, RFC 2863.
   MANDATORY-GROUPS {
      ifGeneralInformationGroup,
      ifCounterDiscontinuityGroup
   }

   MODULE -- This module.
   MANDATORY-GROUPS {
      mplsFTNRuleGroup,
      mplsFTNMapGroup,
      mplsFTNPerfGroup
   }

   OBJECT mplsFTNAddrType
   SYNTAX InetAddressType { ipv4(1), ipv6(2) }
   DESCRIPTION
       "An implementation is only required to support IPv4
        and/or IPv6 addresses.  An implementation is only
        required to support the address types that are actually
        supported on the LSR."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourceAddrMin
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   DESCRIPTION
       "An implementation is only required to support IPv4
        and/or IPv6 addresses.  An implementation is only
        required to support the address types that are actually
        supported on the LSR."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourceAddrMax
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   DESCRIPTION
       "An implementation is only required to support IPv4
        and/or IPv6 addresses.  An implementation is only
        required to support the address types that are actually
        supported on the LSR."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestAddrMin
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   DESCRIPTION
       "An implementation is only required to support IPv4

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        and/or IPv6 addresses.  An implementation is only
        required to support the address types that are actually
        supported on the LSR."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestAddrMax
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   DESCRIPTION
       "An implementation is only required to support IPv4
        and/or IPv6 addresses.  An implementation is only
        required to support the address types that are actually
        supported on the LSR."

   ::= { mplsFTNCompliances 1 }

-- Compliance requirement for read-only implementations.
mplsFTNModuleReadOnlyCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
   STATUS current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Compliance requirement for implementations that only
        provide read-only support for MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB. Such
        devices can then be monitored but cannot be configured
        using this MIB module."

   MODULE IF-MIB -- The interfaces Group MIB, RFC 2863
   MANDATORY-GROUPS {
      ifGeneralInformationGroup,
      ifCounterDiscontinuityGroup
   }
   
   MODULE -- This module
   MANDATORY-GROUPS {
      mplsFTNRuleGroup,
      mplsFTNMapGroup,
      mplsFTNPerfGroup
   }
   
   OBJECT mplsFTNIndexNext
   MIN-ACCESS   not-accessible
   DESCRIPTION
       "This object is not needed when mplsFTNTable is
        implemented as read-only."

   OBJECT mplsFTNRowStatus
   SYNTAX       RowStatus { active(1) }
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required, and active is the only
        status that needs to be supported."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDescr

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   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNMask
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNAddrType
   SYNTAX       InetAddressType { ipv4(1), ipv6(2) }
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required. An implementation is only
        required to support IPv4 and IPv6 addresses."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourceAddrMin
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required. An implementation is only
        required to support IPv4 and IPv6 addresses."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourceAddrMax
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required. An implementation is only
        required to support IPv4 and IPv6 addresses."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestAddrMin
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required. An implementation is only
        required to support IPv4 and IPv6 addresses."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestAddrMax
   SYNTAX       InetAddress (SIZE (4 | 20))
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required. An implementation is only
        required to support IPv4 and IPv6 addresses."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourcePortMin
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNSourcePortMax

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   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestPortMin
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDestPortMax
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNProtocol
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNActionType
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNActionPointer
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNDscp
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNStorageType
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

   OBJECT mplsFTNMapRowStatus
   SYNTAX       RowStatus { active(1) }
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required, and active(1) is the only
        status that needs to be supported."

   OBJECT mplsFTNMapStorageType
   MIN-ACCESS   read-only
   DESCRIPTION
       "Write access is not required."

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   ::= { mplsFTNCompliances 2 }
   
-- Units of conformance.
mplsFTNRuleGroup OBJECT-GROUP
   OBJECTS {
         mplsFTNIndexNext,
         mplsFTNTableLastChanged,
         mplsFTNRowStatus,
         mplsFTNDescr,
         mplsFTNMask,
         mplsFTNAddrType,
         mplsFTNSourceAddrMin,
         mplsFTNSourceAddrMax,
         mplsFTNDestAddrMin,
         mplsFTNDestAddrMax,
         mplsFTNSourcePortMin,
         mplsFTNSourcePortMax,
         mplsFTNDestPortMin,
         mplsFTNDestPortMax,
         mplsFTNProtocol,
         mplsFTNActionType,
         mplsFTNActionPointer,
         mplsFTNDscp,
         mplsFTNStorageType
   }
   STATUS current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Collection of objects that implement MPLS FTN rules."
   ::= { mplsFTNGroups 1 }

mplsFTNMapGroup OBJECT-GROUP
   OBJECTS {
         mplsFTNMapTableLastChanged,
         mplsFTNMapRowStatus,
         mplsFTNMapStorageType
   }
   STATUS current
   DESCRIPTION
       "Collection of objects that implement activation of MPLS
        FTN entries on interfaces."
   ::= { mplsFTNGroups 2 }

mplsFTNPerfGroup OBJECT-GROUP
   OBJECTS {
         mplsFTNPerfMatchedPackets,
         mplsFTNPerfMatchedOctets,
         mplsFTNPerfDiscontinuityTime
   }
   STATUS current

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   DESCRIPTION
       "Collection of objects providing MPLS FTN performance
        information."
   ::= { mplsFTNGroups 3 }

END

10.   Security Considerations
   
   This MIB module can be used to configure LSRs to redirect non-MPLS
   traffic into an MPLS cloud. As such, improper manipulation of the
   objects represented in this MIB module may result in traffic being
   redirected to unintended destinations, potentially resulting in
   denial of service to end-users.
   
   There are a number of management objects defined in this MIB module
   with a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create.  Such
   objects may be considered sensitive or vulnerable in some network
   environments.  The support for SET operations in a non-secure
   environment without proper protection can have a negative effect on
   network operations.  These are the tables and objects and their
   sensitivity/vulnerability:
   
   -  mplsFTNTable and mplsFTNMapTable can be used to create packet
      matching rules for classifying IPv4 or IPv6 traffic and
      redirecting matched packets into the MPLS cloud.  Modifying
      objects in these tables can result in misdirection of traffic and
      potential denial of service to end-users.  It may also result in
      traffic which was intended to be redirected into the MPLS cloud
      being routed through the IP network instead, potentially
      resulting in degradation of service quality or outright denial of
      service.
   
   Some of the readable objects in this MIB module (i.e., objects with a
   MAX-ACCESS other than not-accessible) may be considered sensitive or
   vulnerable in some network environments.  It is thus important to
   control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly
   to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over
   the network via SNMP.  These are the tables and objects and their
   sensitivity/vulnerability:
   
   -  mplsFTNPerfTable provides counters for monitoring the performance
      of packet classification rules defined in mplsFTNTable and
      mplsFTNMapTable.  Unauthorized read access to objects in these
      tables may be used to gain traffic flow information.
   
   SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security.
   Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPSec),
   even then, there is no control as to who on the secure network is

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   allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects
   in this MIB module.
   
   It is RECOMMENDED that implementers consider the security features as
   provided by the SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410], section 8),
   including full support for the SNMPv3 cryptographic mechanisms (for
   authentication and privacy).
   
   Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT
   RECOMMENDED.  Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to
   enable cryptographic security.  It is then a customer/operator
   responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an
   instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to
   the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate
   rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.

11.   IANA Considerations
   
   As described in [MPLSMGMT] and as requested in [TCMIB], MPLS related
   standards-track MIB modules should be rooted under the mplsStdMIB
   subtree.  New assignments can only be made by a standards action as
   specified in [RFC2434].

11.1. IANA Considerations for MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB
   
   The IANA is requested to assign mplsStdMIB.8 to the MPLS-FTN-STD-MIB
   module specified in this document.

12.   References

12.1. Normative References
   
   [RFC2119]     S. Bradner, "Key Words for use in RFCs to Indicate
                 Requirement Levels", RFC 2119, BCP 14, March 1997.
   
   [RFC2578]     McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case,
                 J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Structure of
                 Management Information Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC
                 2578, April 1999.
   
   [RFC2579]     McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case,
                 J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Textual Conventions
                 for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.
   
   [RFC2580]     McCloghrie, K., Perkins, D., Schoenwaelder, J., Case,
                 J., Rose, M., and S. Waldbusser, "Conformance

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                 Statements for SMIv2", STD 58, RFC 2580, April 1999.
   
   [RFC2863]     McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces
                 Group MIB", RFC 2863, June 2000.
   
   [RFC3031]     Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon,
                 "Multiprotocol Label Switching Architecture", RFC
                 3031, January 2001.
   
   [RFC3289]     Baker, F., Chan, K., and A. Smith, "Management
                 Information Base for the Differentiated Services
                 Architecture", RFC 3289, May 2002.
   
   [RFC3291]     Daniele, M., Haberman, B., Routhier, S. and J.
                 Schoenwaelder, "Textual Conventions for Internet
                 Network Addresses", RFC 3291, May 2002.
   
   [RFC3411]     Harrington, D., Presuhn, R., and B. Wijnen, "An
                 Architecture for Describing Simple Network Management
                 Protocol (SNMP) Management Frameworks", RFC 3411,
                 December 2002.
   
   [LSRMIB]      Srinivasan, C., Viswanathan, A. and T. Nadeau, "MPLS
                 Label Switch Router Management Information Base ",
                 Internet Draft <draft-ietf-mpls-lsr-mib-12.txt>,
                 August 2003.
   
   [TEMIB]       Srinivasan, C., Viswanathan, A. and Nadeau, T., "MPLS
                 Traffic Engineering Management Information Base ",
                 Internet Draft <draft-ietf-mpls-te-mib-12.txt>, August
                 2003.
   
   [TCMIB]       Nadeau, T., Cucchiara, J., Srinivasan, C.,
                 Viswanathan, A., Sjostrand, H. and K. Kompella,
                 "Definition of Textual Conventions and OBJECT-
                 IDENTITIES for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS)
                 Management", Internet Draft <draft-ietf-mpls-tc-mib-
                 09.txt>, August 2003.
   
   [MPLSMGMT]    Nadeau, T., Srinivasan, C., and A. Farrel,
                 "Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Management
                 Overview", Internet Draft <draft-ietf-mpls-mgmt-
                 overview-09.txt>, September 2003.

12.2. Informative References
   
   [RFC791]      J. Postel, "Internet Protocol", RFC 791, STD 5,
                 September 1981.
   

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   [RFC1519]     Fuller, V., Li, T., Yu, J. and K. Varadhan, "Classless
                 Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): an Address Assignment and
                 Aggregation Strategy", RFC 1519, September 1993.
   
   [RFC2026]     S. Bradner, "The Internet Standards Process --
                 Revision 3", RFC 2026, October 1996.
   
   [RFC2434]     Narten, T., and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing
                 an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC
                 2434, October 1998.
   
   [RFC2460]     Deering, S., and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol,
                 Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December
                 1998.
   
   [RFC2474]     Nichols, K., Blake, S., Baker, F. and D. Black,
                 "Definition of the Differentiated Services Field (DS
                 Field) in the IPv4 and IPv6 Headers", RFC 2474,
                 December 1998.
   
   [RFC3410]     Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D. and B. Stewart,
                 "Introduction and Applicability Statements for
                 Internet-Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410,
                 December 2002.

13.   Authors' Addresses

  Thomas D. Nadeau
  Cisco Systems, Inc.
  300 Apollo Drive
  Chelmsford, MA 01824
  Phone: +1-978-244-3051
  Email: tnadeau@cisco.com

  Cheenu Srinivasan
  Bloomberg L.P.
  499 Park Avenue
  New York, NY 10022
  Tel: +1-212-893-3682
  Email: cheenu@bloomberg.net

  Arun Viswanathan
  Force10 Networks, Inc.
  1440 McCarthy Blvd
  Milpitas, CA 95035
  Phone: +1-408-571-3516
  Email: arunv@force10networks.com

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14.   Acknowledgements
   
   We would particularly like to thank Bert Wijnen for the substantial
   time and effort he spent in helping us improve this document. We
   would also like to thank David Perkins, Joan Cucchiara, Mike Piecuch,
   and Adrien Grise for their insightful comments and additions to this
   document.

15.   Full Copyright Statement
   
   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2001). All Rights Reserved.
   
   This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
   others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
   and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
   kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
   included on all such copies and derivative works.  However, this
   document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
   the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
   Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of
   developing Internet standards in which case the procedures for
   copyrights defined in the Internet Standards process must be
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   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
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16.   Intellectual Property Considerations
   
   The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
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   obtain a general license or permission for the use of such

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   proprietary rights by implementers or users of this specification can
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   The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
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