Proxy Mobile IPv6 Extensions to Support Flow Mobility
draft-ietf-netext-pmipv6-flowmob-09
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type | Active Internet-Draft (netext WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Carlos J. Bernardos | ||
| Last updated | 2014-06-13 | ||
| Stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Formats | plain text htmlized pdfized bibtex | ||
| Stream | WG state | WG Document | |
| Document shepherd | Basavaraj Patil | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | (None) |
draft-ietf-netext-pmipv6-flowmob-09
NETEXT Working Group CJ. Bernardos, Ed.
Internet-Draft UC3M
Intended status: Standards Track June 13, 2014
Expires: December 15, 2014
Proxy Mobile IPv6 Extensions to Support Flow Mobility
draft-ietf-netext-pmipv6-flowmob-09
Abstract
Proxy Mobile IPv6 allows a mobile node to connect to the same Proxy
Mobile IPv6 domain through different interfaces. This document
describes extensions to the Proxy Mobile IPv6 protocol that are
required to support network based flow mobility over multiple
physical interfaces.
The extensions described in this document consist on the operations
performed by the local mobility anchor and the mobile access gateway
to manage the prefixes assigned to the different interfaces of the
mobile node, as well as how the forwarding policies are handled by
the network to ensure consistent flow mobility management.
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on December 15, 2014.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2014 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Overview of the PMIPv6 flow mobility
extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.1. Use case scenarios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3.2. Basic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2.1. MN sharing a common
set of prefixes on all MAGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2.2. MN with different
sets of prefixes on each MAG . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3. Operation using FMI/FMA signaling . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4. Message Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.1. Home Network Prefix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.2. Proxy Binding Update and Proxy Binding
Acknowledgement messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.3. Flow Mobility
Initiate (FMI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.4. Flow Mobility
Acknowledgement (FMA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
5. Conceptual Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.1. Multiple Proxy Care-of Address Registration . . . . . . . 19
5.2. Flow Mobility Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6. Mobile Node considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
9. Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
10. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 2]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
1. Introduction
Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6), specified in [RFC5213], provides network
based mobility management to hosts connecting to a PMIPv6 domain.
PMIPv6 introduces two new functional entities, the Local Mobility
Anchor (LMA) and the Mobile Access Gateway (MAG). The MAG is the
entity detecting Mobile Node's (MN) attachment and providing IP
connectivity. The LMA is the entity assigning one or more Home
Network Prefixes (HNPs) to the MN and is the topological anchor for
all traffic belonging to the MN.
PMIPv6 allows a mobile node to connect to the same PMIPv6 domain
through different interfaces. This document specifies protocol
extensions to Proxy Mobile IPv6 between the local mobility anchor and
mobile access gateways to enable "flow mobility" and hence distribute
specific traffic flows on different physical interfaces. It is
assumed that the mobile node IP layer interface can simultaneously
and/or sequentially attach to multiple MAGs, possibly over multiple
media. One form to achieve this multiple attachment is described in
[I-D.ietf-netext-logical-interface-support], which allows the mobile
node supporting traffic flows on different physical interfaces
regardless of the assigned prefixes on those physical interfaces.
In particular, this document specifies how to enable "flow mobility"
in the PMIPv6 network (i.e., local mobility anchors and mobile access
gateways). In order to do so, two main operations are required: i)
proper prefix management by the PMIPv6 network, ii) consistent flow
forwarding policies. This memo analyzes different potential use case
scenarios, involving different prefix assignment requirements, and
therefore different PMIPv6 network extensions to enable "flow
mobility".
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119 [RFC2119].
The following terms used in this document are defined in the Proxy
Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213]:
Local Mobility Agent (LMA).
Mobile Access Gateway (MAG).
Proxy Mobile IPv6 Domain (PMIPv6-Domain).
LMA Address (LMAA).
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 3]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
Proxy Care-of Address (Proxy-CoA).
Home Network Prefix (HNP).
The following terms used in this document are defined in the Multiple
Care-of Addresses Registration [RFC5648] and Flow Bindings in Mobile
IPv6 and Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support [RFC6089]:
Binding Identification Number (BID).
Flow Identifier (FID).
Traffic Selector (TS).
The following terms are defined and used in this document:
FMI (Flow Mobility Initiate). Message sent by the LMA to the MAG
conveying the information required to enable flow mobility in a
PMIPv6-Domain. This message is only needed when the prefixes
initially assigned by the different MAGs to the mobile node are
different.
FMA (Flow Mobility Acknowledgement). Message sent by the MAG in
reply to an FMI message.
FMC (Flow Mobility Cache). Conceptual data structure maintained by
the LMA and the MAG to support the flow mobility management
operations described in this document.
3. Overview of the PMIPv6 flow mobility extensions
3.1. Use case scenarios
In contrast to a typical handover where connectivity to a physical
medium is relinquished and then re-established, flow mobility assumes
a mobile node can have simultaneous access to more than one network.
In this specification, it is assumed that the local mobility anchor
is aware of the mobile node's capabilities to have simultaneous
access to both access networks and it can handle the same or a
different set of prefixes on each access. How this is done is
outside the scope of this specification.
There are different flow mobility scenarios. In some of them the
mobile node might share a common set of prefixes among all its
physical interfaces, whereas in others the mobile node might have a
different subset of prefixes configured on each of the physical
interfaces. The different scenarios are the following:
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 4]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
1. At the time of a new network attachment, the MN obtains the same
prefix or the same set of prefixes as already assigned to an
existing session. This is not the default behavior with basic
PMIPv6 [RFC5213], and the LMA needs to be able to provide the
same assignment even for the simultaneous attachment (as opposed
to the handover scenario only).
2. At the time of a new network attachment, the MN obtains a new
prefix or a new set of prefixes for the new session. This is the
default behavior with basic PMIPv6 [RFC5213].
A combination of the two above-mentioned scenarios is also possible.
At the time of a new network attachment, the MN obtains a combination
of prefix(es) in use and new prefix(es). This is a hybrid of the two
scenarios described before. The local policy determines whether the
new prefix is exclusive to the new attachment or it can be assigned
to an existing attachment as well.
The operational description of how to enable flow mobility in each of
these scenarios is provided in Section 3.2.1 and Section 3.2.2.
The extensions described in this document support all the
aforementioned scenarios.
3.2. Basic Operation
This section describes how the PMIPv6 extensions described in this
document enable flow mobility support.
Both the mobile node and the local mobility anchor MUST have local
policies in place to ensure that packets are forwarded coherently for
unidirectional and bidirectional communications. The details about
how this consistency is ensured are out of the scope of this
document. The MN makes the final IP flow mobility decision, and then
the LMA follows that decision and update its forwarding state
accordingly. Note that this does not prevent network initiated
mobility, the network still could trigger mobility on the MN side via
out-of-band mechanisms (e.g., 3GPP/ANDSF sends updated routing
policies to the MN). In a given scenario and mobile node, the
decision on IP flow mobility MUST be taken either by the MN or the
LMA, but not by both.
3.2.1. MN sharing a common set of prefixes on all MAGs
This scenario corresponds to the first use case scenario described in
Section 3.1. Extensions to basic PMIPv6 [RFC5213] signaling at the
time of a new attachment are needed to ensure that the same prefix
(or set of prefixes) is assigned to all the interfaces of the same
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 5]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
mobile node that are simultaneously attached. Subsequently, no
further signaling is necessary between the local mobility anchor and
the mobile access gateway and flows are forwarded according to policy
rules on the local mobility anchor and the mobile node.
If the local mobility anchor assigns a common prefix (or set of
prefixes) to the different physical interfaces attached to the
domain, then every MAG already has all the routing knowledge required
to forward uplink or downlink packets, and the local mobility anchor
does not need to send any kind of signaling in order to move flows
across the different physical interfaces.
The local mobility anchor needs to know when to assign the same set
of prefixes to all the different physical interfaces of the mobile
node. This can be achieved by different means, such as policy
configuration, default policies, etc. In this document a new Handoff
Indicator (HI) value ("Attachment over a new interface sharing
prefixes", value {IANA-0}) is defined, to allow the mobile access
gateway indicate to the local mobility anchor that the same set of
prefixes MUST be assigned to the mobile node. The considerations of
Section 5.4.1 of [RFC5213] are updated by this specification as
follows:
o If there is at least one Home Network Prefix option present in the
request with a NON_ZERO prefix value, there exists a Binding Cache
entry (with one all home network prefixes in the Binding Cache
entry matching the prefix values of all Home Network Prefix
options of the received Proxy Binding Update message), and the
entry matches the mobile node identifier in the Mobile Node
Identifier option of the received Proxy Binding Update message,
and the value of the Handoff Indicator of the received Proxy
Binding Update is equal to "Attachment over a new interface
sharing prefixes".
1. If there is an MN-LL-Identifier Option present in the request
and the Binding Cache entry matches the Access Technology Type
(ATT), and MN-LL-Identifier, the request MUST be considered as
a request for updating that Binding Cache entry.
2. If there is an MN-LL-Identifier Option present in the request
and the Binding Cache entry does not match the Access
Technology Type (ATT), and MN-LL-Identifier, the request MUST
be considered as a request for creating a new mobility session
sharing the same set of Home Network Prefixes assigned to the
existing Binding Cache entry found.
3. If there is not an MN-LL-Identifier Option present in the
request, the request MUST be considered as a request for
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 6]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
creating a new mobility session sharing the same set of Home
Network Prefixes assigned to the existing Binding Cache entry
found.
LMA Binding Cache
+---+ =======================
|LMA| MN1, if1, pref1, MAG1
+---+ MN1, if2, pref1, MAG2
//\\
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\
+----+ +----+
|MAG1| |MAG2|
+----+ +----+
| |
| +-------+ |
| | I P | |
| +---+---+ |
|---|if1|if2|----|
+---+---+
MN1
Figure 1: Shared prefix across physical interfaces scenario
Next, an example of how flow mobility works in this case is shown.
In Figure 1, a mobile node (MN1) has two different physical
interfaces (if1 and if2). Each physical interface is attached to a
different mobile access gateway, both of them controlled by the same
local mobility anchor. Both physical interfaces are assigned the
same prefix (pref1) upon attachment to the MAGs. If the IP layer at
the mobile node shows one single logical interface (e.g., as
described in [I-D.ietf-netext-logical-interface-support]), then the
mobile node has one single IPv6 address configured at the IP layer:
pref1::mn1. Otherwise, per interface IPv6 addresses (e.g.,
pref1::if1 and pref1::if2) would be configured; each address MUST be
valid on every interface. We assume the first case in the following
example (and in the rest of this document). Initially, flow X goes
through MAG1 and flow Y through MAG2. At certain point, flow Y can
be moved to also go through MAG1. As shown in Figure 2, no signaling
between the local mobility anchor and the mobile access gateways is
needed.
Note that if different IPv6 addresses are configured at the IP layer,
IP session continuity is still possible (for each of the configured
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 7]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
IP addresses). This is achieved by the network delivering packets
destined to a particular IP address of the mobile node to the right
MN's physical interface where the flow is selected to be moved, and
the MN also selecting the same interface when sending traffic back up
link.
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN1 |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<----------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| ============ | | ============
| || flow || | | || flow ||
| || policy || | | || policy ||
| || update || | | || update ||
| ============ | | ============
| | | | |
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
Figure 2: Flow mobility message sequence with common set of prefixes
Figure 3 shows the state of the different network entities after
moving flow Y in the previous example. This document re-uses some of
the terminology and mechanisms of the flow bindings and multiple
care-of address registration specifications. Note, that in this case
the BIDs shown in the figure are assigned locally by the LMA, since
there is no signaling required in this scenario. In any case,
alternative implementations of flow routing at the LMA MAY be used,
as it does not impact on the operation of the solution in this case.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 8]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
LMA Binding Cache LMA flowmob state
(BID, MN-ID, ATT, HNP, PCoA) (BID, TS)
+---+ ========================== ===================
|LMA| 1, MN1, if1, pref1, MAG1 1, flow X
+---+ 2, MN1, if2, pref1, MAG2 1, flow Y
//\\
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\ MAG1 routing state
+----+ +----+ ================================
|MAG1| |MAG2| (dest) (next hop)
+----+ +----+ pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | ::/0 LMA
| |
| | MAG2 routing state
| +-------+ | ================================
| | I P | | (dest) (next hop)
| +---+---+ | pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
|---|if1|if2|----| ::/0 LMA
+---+---+
MN1
Figure 3: Data structures with common set of prefixes
3.2.2. MN with different sets of prefixes on each MAG
A different flow mobility scenario happens when the local mobility
anchor assigns different sets of prefixes to physical interfaces of
the same mobile node. This covers the second case, or a combination
of scenarios, described in Section 3.1. In this case, additional
signaling is required between the local mobility anchor and the
mobile access gateway to enable relocating flows between the
different attachments, so the MAGs are aware of the prefixes for
which the MN is going to receive traffic, and local routing entries
are configured accordingly. Two new flags (U) and (F) have been
added to basic the PMIPv6 [RFC5213] PBU/PBA signaling to indicate
whether the Update Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (UPN)
[RFC7077] are supported or not.
When both LMA and MAG set flag (U) to 1, the Update Notifications for
Proxy Mobile IPv6 (UPN) [RFC7077] MUST be used. If the LMA and/or
the MAG set flag (U) to 0 and both LMA and MAG set flag (F) to 1,
flow indication messages MUST be used. In other situations, IP flow
mobility SHALL NOT be supported.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 9]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
Two different, but related, approaches are considered next.
The first approach corresponds to the second use case scenario
described in Section 3.1, in which a multi-interfaced mobile node
obtains a different set of prefixes on each attachment. Signaling is
required when a flow is to be moved from its original interface to a
new one. Since the local mobility anchor cannot send a PBA message
which has not been triggered in response to a received PBU message,
the solution defined in this specification makes use of the Update
Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6 defined in [RFC7077]. The
trigger for the flow movement can be on the mobile node (e.g., by
using layer-2 signaling with the MAG) or on the network (e.g., based
on congestion and measurements) which then notifies the MN for the
final IP flow mobility decision (as stated in section 3.1). Policy
management function (e.g., 3GPP/ANDSF) can be used for that purpose,
however, how the network notify the MN is out of the scope of this
document.
If the flow is being moved from its default path (which is determined
by the destination prefix) to a different one, the local mobility
anchor constructs an Update Notification (UPN) message, if supported,
of type (2) "UPDATE-SESSION-PARAMETERS" (NOTE from the Editor: a new
Notification Reason value might be defined for just flow mobility
purposes if it proves to be cleaner). If UPN is not supported, the
LMA MAY use dedicated FMI/FMA messages. This message includes a Home
Network Prefix for each of the prefixes that requested to be provided
with flow mobility support on the new MAG (note that these prefixes
are not anchored by the target MAG, and therefore the MAG MUST NOT
advertise them on the MAG-MN link), with the off-link bit (L) set to
one. This message MUST be sent to the new target mobile access
gateway, i.e. the one selected to be used in the forwarding of the
flow. This UPN message has the Acknowledgement Requested Flag ('A'
Flag) set to 1, so the MAG replies with an Update Notification
Acknowledgement (UPA) message. The message sequence is shown in
Figure 4.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 10]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN1 |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<----------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| ============ | | ============
| || flow || | | || flow ||
| || policy || | | || policy ||
| || update || | | || update ||
| ============ | | ============
| | | | |
| | UPN[UPDATE-SESSION-PARAMETERS, MN1-ID, HNPs]|
| |-------------->| | |
| | UPA | | |
| |<--------------| | |
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
Figure 4: Flow mobility message sequence when the LMA assigns
different sets of prefixes per physical interface
The state in the network after moving a flow, for the case the LMA
assigns a different set of prefixes is shown in Figure 5.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 11]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
LMA Binding Cache LMA flowmob state
(BID, MN-ID, ATT, HNP, PCoA) (BID, TS)
+---+ ============================ ===================
|LMA| 1, MN1, if1, pref1, 1, flow X
+---+ pref2, MAG1 1, flow Y
//\\ 2, MN1, if2, pref2, MAG2
+---------//--\\-------------+
( // \\ ) PMIPv6 domain
( // \\ )
+------//--------\\----------+
// \\
// \\ MAG1 routing state
+----+ +----+ ================================
|MAG1| |MAG2| (dest) (next hop)
+----+ +----+ pref1::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | pref2::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
| | ::/0 LMA
| |
| +-------+ | MAG2 routing state
| | I P | | ================================
| +---+---+ | (dest) (next hop)
|---|if1|if2|----| pref2::/64 p2p-iface-with-MN1
+---+---+ ::/0 LMA
MN1
Figure 5: Data structures when the LMA assigns a different set of
prefixes
The second approach corresponds to the combination of the two prefix
management models described in Section 3.1, in which upon new
physical interface attachment, the MN obtains both prefix(es) in use
and new prefix(es). Here, the mobile node is already attached to the
PMIPv6-Domain via MAG1. At a certain moment, the mobile node
attaches a new interface (if2) to MAG2. MAG2 sends a PBU which is
then used by the LMA to enable flow mobility. In this case, we
consider that flows are moved with a prefix granularity, meaning that
flows are moved by moving prefixes among the different MAGs the
mobile node is attached to. In this example, flow Y is bound to
pref2::/64 and therefore the flow can be moved by just binding
pref2::/64 to MAG2. This is done by including the prefix in the PBA
message. The scenario is shown in Figure 6.
Optionally, a Binding Revocation Indication message [RFC5846] with
the P bit set MAY be sent to MAG1 to indicate that this is a
revocation of PMIP prefix(es). After processing BRI, the source MAG
MUST send a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement (BRA) message back to
the LMA.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 12]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<--------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<--------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
| | | | |
| | | MN powers on if2 and
| | | performs L2 attachment
| | | |<-----------if2
| | | PBU | |
| |<--------------------------------| |
| | PBA (pref2) | | |
| |-------------------------------->| |
| LMA moves pref2 to new | | |
| binding cache entry for if2 | | |
| | | | |
| flow y to | flow y to | flow y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| | (optional) | | |
| | BRI[pref2] | | |
| |---------------->| | |
| | BRA | | |
| |<----------------| | |
| | | | |
Figure 6: Flow mobility message sequence with different set of
prefixes per physical interface (PBU signaling)
3.3. Operation using FMI/FMA signaling
The second use case scenario described in Section 3.1 can be
implemented with dedicated FMI/FMA signaling if UPN [RFC7077] is not
supported. It modifies the message sequence as follows:
If the flow is being moved from its default path (which is determined
by the destination prefix) to a different one, the local mobility
anchor constructs a Flow Mobility Initiate (FMI) message. This
message MUST be sent to the new target mobile access gateway, i.e.
the one selected to be used in the forwarding of the flow. The FMI
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 13]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
message contains (as explained in further detail in Section 4.3), the
MN-Identifier, the Flow Identification Mobility option (specified in
[RFC6089]) which can convey prefix or full flow information, and the
type of flow mobility operation (add flow). By default, prefix
information is provided. Full prefix granularity is non mandatory.
Optionally, the local mobility anchor may send another FMI message,
this time to remove the flow Y state at MAG2. Otherwise the flow
state at MAG2 will be removed upon timer expiration. The message
sequence is shown in Figure 7.
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
Internet | LMA | | MAG1 | | MAG2 | | MN1 |
+-----+ +------+ +------+ +-----+
| | | | |
| flow X to | flow X to | flow X to |
| pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 | pref1::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<----------------------------->|<---------->if2
| | | | |
| ============ | | ============
| || flow || | | || flow ||
| || policy || | | || policy ||
| || update || | | || update ||
| ============ | | ============
| | | | |
| | FMI[MN1-ID,flow_info(Y),add] | |
| |-------------->| | |
| | FMA | | |
| |<--------------| | |
| flow Y to | flow Y to | flow Y to |
| pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 | pref2::mn1 |
|<----------->|<------------->|<-------------------------->if1
| | | | |
| | (optional) | |
| |FMI[MN1-ID,flow_info(Y),lft=0] | |
| |------------------------------>| |
| | | FMA | |
| |<------------------------------| |
| | | | |
Figure 7: FMI/FMA signaling
All other operations described in Section 3.2.2 apply.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 14]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
4. Message Formats
This section defines modifications to the Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213]
protocol messages.
4.1. Home Network Prefix
A new flag (L) is included in the Home Network Prefix mobility option
to indicate to the Mobile Access Gateway whether the conveyed prefix
has to be hosted on-link or not on the point-to-point interface with
the mobile node. A prefix is hosted off-link for the flow mobility
purposes defined in this document. The rest of the Home Network
Prefix mobility option format remains the same as defined in
[RFC5213].
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Length |L| Reserved | Prefix Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
+ +
| |
+ Home Network Prefix +
| |
+ +
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Off-link Home Network Prefix Flag (L):
The Off-link Home Network Prefix Flag is set to indicate to the
Mobile Access Gateway that the Home Network Prefix conveyed in the
option is not to be hosted on-link, but has to be considered for
flow mobility purposes and therefore added to the Mobile Access
Gateway routing table. If the flag is set to 0, the Mobile Access
Gateway assumes that the Home Network Prefix has to be hosted on-
link.
4.2. Proxy Binding Update and Proxy Binding Acknowledgement messages
Two new flags (U) and (F) are included in the PBU message to indicate
whether Update Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (UPN) [RFC7077] is
supported or the dedicated Flow indication messages. The flag (U)
MUST be set to the value of 1 if UPN is supported, otherwise the flag
MUST be set to 0. The flag (F) MUST be set to the value of 1 if Flow
indication message is supported, otherwise the flag MUST be set to 0.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 15]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence # |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|A|H|L|K|M|R|P|U|F| Reserved | Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
. .
. Mobility options .
. .
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Two new flags (U) and (F) are included in the PBA message to indicate
whether Update Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (UPN) [RFC7077] is
supported or not. The flag (U) MUST be set to the value of 1 if UPN
is supported, otherwise the flag MUST be set to 0. The flag (F) MUST
be set to the value of 1 if Flow indication message is supported,
otherwise the flag MUST be set to 0.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Status |F|U|K|R|P|Reserved |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence # | Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
. .
. Mobility options .
. .
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
The rest of the proxy binding update message format remains the same
as defined in [RFC5213].
4.3. Flow Mobility Initiate (FMI)
The LMA sends an FMI message to a MAG to enable flow mobility. It is
a Mobility Header message {IANA-1}.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 16]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence # |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|I| Reserved | Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
. .
. Mobility options .
. .
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Sequence Number:
A monotonically increasing integer. Set by the LMA sending then
initiate message, and used to match a reply in the
Acknowledgement.
'I' (initiate) flag:
Set to 1, indicates it is an FMI message.
Reserved:
This field is unused. MUST be set to zero by the sender.
Lifetime:
The requested time in seconds for which the LMA asks the MAG keep
flow-specific state. A value of all one bits (0xffff) represents
infinity. If set to 0, it indicates a request to remove state
about the flow (cancel flow mobility)
Mobility Options:
MUST contain the MN-ID, followed by one or more Flow
Identification Mobility options [RFC6089].
4.4. Flow Mobility Acknowledgement (FMA)
The MAG sends an FMI message to the LMA as a response to the FMI
message. It is a Mobility Header message {IANA-1}.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 17]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence # |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|I| Reserved | Status | Lifetime |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
. .
. Mobility options .
. .
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Sequence Number:
A monotonically increasing integer. Copied from the value set by
the sending LMA in the FMI message being acknowledged by this FMA
message.
'I' flag:
Set to 0, indicates it is an FMA message.
Reserved:
This field is unused. MUST be set to zero by the sender.
Status (values to be assigned by IANA):
{IANA-2}: Success.
{IANA-3}: Reason unspecified.
{IANA-4}: MN not attached.
{IANA-5}: Sequence number out of window.
{IANA-6}: Traffic Selector format unsupported.
{IANA-7}: No existing Flow Mobility Cache entry.
Lifetime:
The requested time in seconds for which the MAG keeps flow-
specific state. A value of all one bits (0xffff) represents
infinity.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 18]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
Mobility Options:
When Status code is 0, MUST contain the MN-ID, followed by one or
more Flow Identification Mobility options [RFC6089].
5. Conceptual Data Structures
This section summarizes the extensions to Proxy Mobile IPv6 that are
necessary to manage flow mobility.
5.1. Multiple Proxy Care-of Address Registration
The binding cache structure of the local mobility anchor is extended
to allow multiple proxy care of address (Proxy-CoA) registrations,
and support the mobile node use the same address (prefix) beyond a
single interface and mobile access gateway. The LMA maintains
multiple binding cache entries for an MN. The number of binding
cache entries for a mobile node is equal to the number of the MN's
interfaces attached to any MAGs.
This specification re-uses the extensions defined in [RFC5648] to
manage multiple registrations, but in the context of Proxy Mobile
IPv6. The binding cache is therefore extended to include more than
one proxy care-of addresses and to associate each of them with a
binding identifier (BID). Note that the BID is a local identifier,
assigned and used by the local mobility anchor to identify which
entry of the flow mobility cache is used to decide how to route a
given flow.
+---------+-----+-------+------+-----------+------------+
| BID-PRI | BID | MN-ID | ATT | HNP(s) | Proxy-CoA |
+---------+-----+-------+------+-----------+------------+
| 20 | 1 | MN1 | WiFi | HNP1,HNP2 | IP1 (MAG1) |
| 30 | 2 | MN1 | 3GPP | HNP1,HNP3 | IP2 (MAG2) |
+---------+-----+-------+------+-----------+------------+
Figure 8: Extended Binding Cache
Figure 8 shows an example of extended binding cache, containing two
binding cache entries (BCEs) of a mobile node MN1 attached to the
network using two different access technologies. Both of the two
attachments share the same prefix (HNP1) and are bounded to two
different Proxy-CoAs (two MAGs).
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 19]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
5.2. Flow Mobility Cache
Each local mobility anchor MUST maintain a flow mobility cache (FMC)
as shown in Figure 9. The flow mobility cache is a conceptual list
of entries that is separate from the binding cache. This conceptual
list contains an entry for each of the registered flows. This
specification re-uses the format of the flow binding list defined in
[RFC6089]. Each enty includes the following fields:
o Flow Identifier Priority (FID-PRI).
o Flow Identifier (FID).
o Traffic Selector (TS).
o Binding Identifier (BID).
o Action.
o Active/Inactive.
+---------+-----+-----+------+---------+----------+
| FID-PRI | FID | TS | BIDs | Action | A/I |
+---------+-----+-----+------+---------+----------+
| 10 | 2 | TCP | 1 | Forward | Active |
| 20 | 4 | UDP | 1,2 | Forward | Inactive |
+---------+-----+-----+------+---------+----------+
Figure 9: Flow Mobility Cache
The BID field contains the identifier of the binding cache entry
which packets matching the flow information described in the TS field
will be forwarded to. When a flow is decided to be moved, the
affected BID(s) of the table are updated.
Similar to flow binding described in [RFC6089], each entry of the
flow mobility cache points to a specific binding cache entry
identifier (BID). When a flow is moved, the local mobility anchor
simply updates the pointer of the flow binding entry with the BID of
the interface to which the flow will be moved. The traffic selector
(TS) in flow binding table is defined as in [RFC6088]. TS is used to
classify the packets of flows basing on specific parameters such as
service type, source and destination address, etc. The packets
matching with the same TS will be applied the same forwarding policy.
FID-PRI is the order of precedence to take action on the traffic.
Action may be forward or drop. If a binding entry becomes 'Inactive'
it does not affect data traffic. An entry becomes 'Inactive' only if
all of the BIDs are deregistered.
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 20]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
The mobile access gateway MAY also maintain a similar data structure.
In case no full flow mobility state is required at the MAG, the
Binding Update List (BUL) data structure is enough and no extra
conceptual data entries are needed. In case full per-flow state is
required at the mobile access gateway, it SHOULD also maintain a flow
mobility cache structure.
6. Mobile Node considerations
This specification assumes that the mobile node IP layer interface
can simultaneously and/or sequentially attach to multiple MAGs,
possibly over multiple media. The mobile node MUST be able to
enforce uplink policies to select the right outgoing interface. One
form to achieve this multiple attachment is described in
[I-D.ietf-netext-logical-interface-support], which allows the mobile
node supporting traffic flows on different physical interfaces
regardless of the assigned prefixes on those physical interfaces.
7. IANA Considerations
This specification defines a new value for the Handoff Indicator
{IANA-0} and a new flag (L) in the Home Network Mobility Option. A
new mobility header type {IANA-1} and status code values {IANA-2} to
{IANA-7}.
8. Security Considerations
The protocol signaling extensions defined in this document share the
same security concerns of Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213] and do not pose
any additional security threats to those already identified in
[RFC5213] and [RFC7077].
The mobile access gateway and the local mobility anchor MUST use the
IPsec security mechanism mandated by Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213] to
secure the signaling described in this document.
9. Authors
This document reflects contributions from the following authors (in
alphabetical order).
Kuntal Chowdhury
E-mail: Kchowdhu@cisco.com
Vijay Devarapalli
E-mail: vijay@wichorus.com
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 21]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
Sri Gundavelli
E-mail: sgundave@cisco.com
Youn-Hee Han
E-mail: yhhan@kut.ac.kr
Yong-Geun Hong
E-mail: yonggeun.hong@gmail.com
Mohana Dahamayanthi Jeyatharan
E-mail: mohana.jeyatharan@sg.panasonic.com
Rajeev Koodli
E-mail: rkoodli@cisco.com
Kent Leung
E-mail: kleung@cisco.com
Telemaco Melia
E-mail: Telemaco.Melia@alcatel-lucent.com
Bruno Mongazon-Cazavet
E-mail: Bruno.Mongazon-Cazavet@alcatel-lucent.com
Chan-Wah Ng
E-mail: chanwah.ng@sg.panasonic.com
Behcet Sarikaya
E-mail: sarikaya@ieee.org
Tran Minh Trung
E-mail: trungtm2909@gmail.com
Frank Xia
E-mail: xiayangsong@huawei.com
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 22]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
10. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Juan-Carlos Zuniga, Pierrick Seite,
Julien Laganier for all the useful discussions on this topic.
The authors would also like to thank Marco Liebsch and Juan-Carlos
Zuniga for their reviews of this document.
The work of Carlos J. Bernardos has also been partially supported by
the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant
agreement n. FP7-317941 (iJOIN project).
11. References
11.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[RFC5213] Gundavelli, S., Leung, K., Devarapalli, V., Chowdhury, K.,
and B. Patil, "Proxy Mobile IPv6", RFC 5213, August 2008.
[RFC5648] Wakikawa, R., Devarapalli, V., Tsirtsis, G., Ernst, T.,
and K. Nagami, "Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration",
RFC 5648, October 2009.
[RFC5846] Muhanna, A., Khalil, M., Gundavelli, S., Chowdhury, K.,
and P. Yegani, "Binding Revocation for IPv6 Mobility", RFC
5846, June 2010.
[RFC6088] Tsirtsis, G., Giarreta, G., Soliman, H., and N. Montavont,
"Traffic Selectors for Flow Bindings", RFC 6088, January
2011.
[RFC6089] Tsirtsis, G., Soliman, H., Montavont, N., Giaretta, G.,
and K. Kuladinithi, "Flow Bindings in Mobile IPv6 and
Network Mobility (NEMO) Basic Support", RFC 6089, January
2011.
[RFC7077] Krishnan, S., Gundavelli, S., Liebsch, M., Yokota, H., and
J. Korhonen, "Update Notifications for Proxy Mobile IPv6",
RFC 7077, November 2013.
11.2. Informative References
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 23]
Internet-Draft PMIPv6 flow mobility June 2014
[I-D.ietf-netext-logical-interface-support]
Melia, T. and S. Gundavelli, "Logical Interface Support
for multi-mode IP Hosts", draft-ietf-netext-logical-
interface-support-09 (work in progress), March 2014.
Author's Address
Carlos J. Bernardos (editor)
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid
Av. Universidad, 30
Leganes, Madrid 28911
Spain
Phone: +34 91624 6236
Email: cjbc@it.uc3m.es
URI: http://www.it.uc3m.es/cjbc/
Bernardos Expires December 15, 2014 [Page 24]