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A YANG Data Model for Interface Configuration
draft-ietf-netmod-interfaces-cfg-04

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 7223.
Author Martin Björklund
Last updated 2012-04-29
Replaces draft-bjorklund-netmod-interfaces-cfg
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draft-ietf-netmod-interfaces-cfg-04
Network Working Group                                       M. Bjorklund
Internet-Draft                                            Tail-f Systems
Intended status: Standards Track                          April 29, 2012
Expires: October 31, 2012

             A YANG Data Model for Interface Configuration
                  draft-ietf-netmod-interfaces-cfg-04

Abstract

   This document defines a YANG data model for the configuration of
   network interfaces.  It is expected that interface type specific
   configuration data models augment the generic interfaces data model
   defined in this document.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on October 31, 2012.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.1.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Interfaces Data Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  The interface List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  Interface References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.3.  Interface Layering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   4.  Relationship to the IF-MIB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   5.  Interfaces YANG Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   6.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   7.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   8.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   9.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   Appendix A.  Example: Ethernet Interface Module  . . . . . . . . . 18
   Appendix B.  Example: Ethernet Bonding Interface Module  . . . . . 20
   Appendix C.  Example: VLAN Interface Module  . . . . . . . . . . . 21
   Appendix D.  Example: NETCONF <get> reply  . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
   Appendix E.  ChangeLog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
     E.1.  Version -04  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
     E.2.  Version -03  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
     E.3.  Version -02  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
     E.4.  Version -01  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
   Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

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1.  Introduction

   This document defines a YANG [RFC6020] data model for the
   configuration of network interfaces.  It is expected that interface
   type specific configuration data models augment the generic
   interfaces data model defined in this document.

   Network interfaces are central to the configuration of many Internet
   protocols.  Thus, it is important to establish a common data model
   for how interfaces are identified and configured.

1.1.  Terminology

   The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14, [RFC2119].

   The following terms are defined in [RFC6241] and are not redefined
   here:

   o  client

   o  server

   The following terms are defined in [RFC6020] and are not redefined
   here:

   o  augment

   o  data model

   o  data node

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2.  Objectives

   This section describes some of the design objectives for the model
   presented in Section 5.

   o  It is recognized that existing implementations will have to map
      the interface data model defined in this memo to their proprietary
      native data model.  The new data model should be simple to
      facilitate such mappings.

   o  The data model should be suitable for new implementations to use
      as-is, without requiring a mapping to a different native model.

   o  References to interfaces should be as simple as possible,
      preferably by using a single leafref.

   o  The mapping to ifIndex [RFC2863] used by SNMP to identify
      interfaces must be clear.

   o  The model must support interface layering, both simple layering
      where one interface is layered on top of exactly one other
      interface, and more complex scenarios where one interface is
      aggregated over N other interfaces, or when N interfaces are
      multiplexed over one other interface.

   o  The data model should support the pre-provisioning of interface
      configuration, i.e., it should be possible to configure an
      interface whose physical interface hardware is not present on the
      device.  It is recommended that devices that support dynamic
      addition and removal of physical interfaces also support pre-
      provisioning.

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3.  Interfaces Data Model

   The data model in the module "ietf-interfaces" has the following
   structure, where square brackets are used to enclose a list's keys,
   and "?" means that the leaf is optional:

      +--rw interfaces
         +--rw interface [name]
            +--rw name                        string
            +--rw description?                string
            +--rw type                        ianaift:iana-if-type
            +--rw location?                   string
            +--rw enabled?                    boolean
            +--ro if-index                    int32
            +--rw mtu?                        uint32
            +--rw link-up-down-trap-enable?   enumeration

   This module defines one YANG feature:

   snmp-if-mib:  Indicates that the server implements IF-MIB [RFC2863].

3.1.  The interface List

   The data model for interface configuration presented in this document
   uses a flat list of interfaces.  Each interface in the list is
   identified by its name.  Furthermore, each interface has a mandatory
   "type" leaf, and a "location" leaf.  The combination of "type" and
   "location" is unique within the interface list.

   It is expected that interface type specific data models augment the
   interface list, and use the "type" leaf to make the augmentation
   conditional.

   As an example of such an interface type specific augmentation,
   consider this YANG snippet.  For a more complete example, see
   Appendix A.

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     import interfaces {
         prefix "if";
     }

     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
         when "if:type = 'ethernetCsmacd'";

         container ethernet {
             leaf duplex {
                 ...
             }
         }
     }

   The "location" leaf is a string.  It is optional in the data model,
   but if the type represents a physical interface, it is mandatory.
   The format of this string is device- and type-dependent.  The device
   uses the location string to identify the physical or logical entity
   that the configuration applies to.  For example, if a device has a
   single array of 8 ethernet ports, the location can be one of the
   strings "1" to "8".  As another example, if a device has N cards of M
   ports, the location can be on the form "n/m", such as "1/0".

   How a client can learn which types and locations are present on a
   certain device is outside the scope of this document.

3.2.  Interface References

   An interface is identified by its name, which is unique within the
   server.  This property is captured in the "interface-ref" typedef,
   which other YANG modules SHOULD use when they need to reference an
   existing interface.

3.3.  Interface Layering

   There is no generic mechanism for how an interface is configured to
   be layered on top of some other interface.  It is expected that
   interface type specific models define their own nodes for interface
   layering, by using "interface-ref" types to reference lower layers.

   Below is an example of a model with such nodes.  For a more complete
   example, see Appendix B.

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     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
         when "if:type = 'ieee8023adLag'";

         leaf-list slave-if {
             type if:interface-ref;
             must "/if:interfaces/if:interface[if:name = current()]"
                + "/if:type = 'ethernetCsmacd'" {
                 description
                     "The type of a slave interface must be ethernet";
             }
         }
         // other bonding config params, failover times etc.
     }

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4.  Relationship to the IF-MIB

   If the device implements IF-MIB [RFC2863], each entry in the
   "interface" list is typically mapped to one ifEntry.  The "if-index"
   leaf contains the value of the corresponding ifEntry's ifIndex.

   In most cases, the "name" of an "interface" entry is mapped to
   ifName. ifName is defined as an DisplayString [RFC2579] which uses a
   7-bit ASCII character set.  An implementation MAY restrict the
   allowed values for "name" to match the restrictions of ifName.

   The IF-MIB allows two different ifEntries to have the same ifName.
   Devices that support this feature, and also support the configuration
   of these interfaces using the "interface" list, cannot have a 1-1
   mapping between the "name" leaf and ifName.

   The IF-MIB also defines the writable object ifPromiscuousMode.  Since
   this object typically is not a configuration object, it is not mapped
   to the "ietf-interfaces" module.

   The following table lists the YANG nodes with corresponding objects
   in the IF-MIB.

           +--------------------------+------------------------+
           | YANG node                | IF-MIB object          |
           +--------------------------+------------------------+
           | interface                | ifEntry                |
           | name                     | ifName                 |
           | description              | ifAlias                |
           | type                     | ifType                 |
           | enabled                  | ifAdminStatus          |
           | if-index                 | ifIndex                |
           | mtu                      | ifMtu                  |
           | link-up-down-trap-enable | ifLinkUpDownTrapEnable |
           +--------------------------+------------------------+

                  Mapping of YANG nodes to IF-MIB objects

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5.  Interfaces YANG Module

   This YANG module imports a typedef from
   [I-D.ietf-netmod-iana-if-type].

   RFC Ed.: update the date below with the date of RFC publication and
   remove this note.

   <CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-interfaces@2012-04-29.yang"

   module ietf-interfaces {

     namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces";
     prefix if;

     import iana-if-type {
       prefix ianaift;
     }

     organization
       "IETF NETMOD (NETCONF Data Modeling Language) Working Group";

     contact
       "WG Web:   <http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/>
        WG List:  <mailto:netmod@ietf.org>

        WG Chair: David Kessens
                  <mailto:david.kessens@nsn.com>

        WG Chair: Juergen Schoenwaelder
                  <mailto:j.schoenwaelder@jacobs-university.de>

        Editor:   Martin Bjorklund
                  <mailto:mbj@tail-f.com>";

     description
       "This module contains a collection of YANG definitions for
        configuring network interfaces.

        Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
        authors of the code.  All rights reserved.

        Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
        without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
        to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
        set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
        Relating to IETF Documents
        (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).

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        This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX; see
        the RFC itself for full legal notices.";

     // RFC Ed.: replace XXXX with actual RFC number and remove this
     // note.

     // RFC Ed.: update the date below with the date of RFC publication
     // and remove this note.
     revision 2012-04-29 {
       description
         "Initial revision.";
       reference
         "RFC XXXX: A YANG Data Model for Interface Configuration";
     }

     /* Typedefs */

     typedef interface-ref {
       type leafref {
         path "/if:interfaces/if:interface/if:name";
       }
       description
         "This type is used by data models that need to reference
          interfaces.";
     }

     /* Features */

     feature snmp-if-mib {
       description
         "This feature indicates that the server implements IF-MIB.";
       reference
         "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB";
     }

     /* Data nodes */

     container interfaces {
       description
         "Interface parameters.";

       list interface {
         key "name";
         unique "type location";

         description
           "The list of configured interfaces on the device.";

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         leaf name {
           type string;
           description
             "An arbitrary name for the interface.

              A device MAY restrict the allowed values for this leaf,
              possibly depending on the type and location.

              For example, if a device has a single array of 8 ethernet
              ports, the name might be restricted to be on the form
             'ethN', where N is an integer between '1' and '8'.

              This leaf MAY be mapped to ifName by an implementation.
              Such an implementation MAY restrict the allowed values
              for this leaf so that it matches the restrictions of
              ifName.";
           reference
             "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB - ifName";
         }

         leaf description {
           type string;
           description
             "A textual description of the interface.

              This leaf MAY be mapped to ifAlias by an implementation.
              Such an implementation MAY restrict the allowed values
              for this leaf so that it matches the restrictions of
              ifAlias.";
           reference
             "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB - ifAlias";
         }

         leaf type {
           type ianaift:iana-if-type;
           mandatory true;
           description
             "The type of the interface.

              When an interface entry is created, a server MAY
              initialize the type leaf with a valid value, e.g., if it
              is possible to derive the type from the name of the
              interface.";
         }

         leaf location {
           type string;
           description

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             "The device-specific location of the interface of a
              particular type.  The format of the location string
              depends on the interface type and the device.

              Media-specific modules must specify if the location
              is needed for the given type.

              For example, if a device has a single array of 8 ethernet
              ports, the location can be one of '1' to '8'.  As another
              example, if a device has N cards of M ports, the location
              can be on the form 'n/m'.

              When an interface entry is created, a server MAY
              initialize the location leaf with a valid value, e.g., if
              it is possible to derive the location from the name of
              the interface.";
         }

         leaf enabled {
           type boolean;
           default "true";
           description
             "The desired state of the interface.

              This leaf contains the configured, desired state of the
              interface.  Systems that implement the IF-MIB use the
              value of this leaf to set IF-MIB.ifAdminStatus to 'up' or
              'down' after an ifEntry has been initialized, as described
              in RFC 2863.";
           reference
             "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB - ifAdminStatus";
         }

         leaf if-index {
           if-feature snmp-if-mib;
           type int32 {
             range "1..2147483647";
           }
           config false;
           description
             "The ifIndex value for the ifEntry represented by this
              interface.

              Media-specific modules must specify how the type is
              mapped to entries in the ifTable.";
           reference
             "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB - ifIndex";
         }

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         leaf mtu {
           type uint32;
           description
             "The size, in octets, of the largest packet that the
              interface can send and receive.  This node might not be
              valid for all interface types.

              Media-specific modules must specify any restrictions on
              the mtu for their interface type.";
         }

         leaf link-up-down-trap-enable {
           if-feature snmp-if-mib;
           type enumeration {
             enum enabled {
               value 1;
             }
             enum disabled {
               value 2;
             }
           }
           description
             "Indicates whether linkUp/linkDown SNMP notifications
              should be generated for this interface.

              If this node is not configured, the value 'enabled' is
              operationally used by the server for interfaces which do
              not operate on top of any other interface (as defined in
              the ifStackTable), and 'disabled' otherwise.";
           reference
             "RFC 2863: The Interfaces Group MIB -
                        ifLinkUpDownTrapEnable";
         }
       }
     }
   }

   <CODE ENDS>

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6.  IANA Considerations

   This document registers a URI in the IETF XML registry [RFC3688].
   Following the format in RFC 3688, the following registration is
   requested to be made.

        URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces

        Registrant Contact: The IESG.

        XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.

   This document registers a YANG module in the YANG Module Names
   registry [RFC6020].

     name:         ietf-interfaces
     namespace:    urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces
     prefix:       if
     reference:    RFC XXXX

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7.  Security Considerations

   The YANG module defined in this memo is designed to be accessed via
   the NETCONF protocol [RFC6241].  The lowest NETCONF layer is the
   secure transport layer and the mandatory-to-implement secure
   transport is SSH [RFC6242].

   There are a number of data nodes defined in the YANG module which are
   writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
   default).  These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
   in some network environments.  Write operations (e.g., <edit-config>)
   to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
   effect on network operations.  These are the subtrees and data nodes
   and their sensitivity/vulnerability:

   /interfaces/interface:  This list specifies the configured interfaces
      on a device.  Unauthorized access to this list could cause the
      device to ignore packets destined to it.

   /interfaces/interface/enabled:  This leaf controls if an interface is
      enabled or not.  Unauthorized access to this leaf could cause the
      device to ignore packets destined to it.

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8.  Acknowledgments

   The author wishes to thank Per Hedeland, Ladislav Lhotka, and Juergen
   Schoenwaelder for their helpful comments.

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9.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-netmod-iana-if-type]
              Bjorklund, M., "IANA Interface Type and Address Family
              YANG Modules", draft-ietf-netmod-iana-if-type-02 (work in
              progress), April 2012.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2579]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
              STD 58, RFC 2579, April 1999.

   [RFC2863]  McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group
              MIB", RFC 2863, June 2000.

   [RFC3688]  Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
              January 2004.

   [RFC6020]  Bjorklund, M., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the
              Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
              October 2010.

   [RFC6241]  Enns, R., Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., and A.
              Bierman, "Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)",
              RFC 6241, June 2011.

   [RFC6242]  Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
              Shell (SSH)", RFC 6242, June 2011.

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Appendix A.  Example: Ethernet Interface Module

   This section gives a simple example of how an Ethernet interface
   module could be defined.  It demonstrates how media-specific
   configuration parameters can be conditionally augmented to the
   generic interface list.  It is not intended as a complete module for
   ethernet configuration.

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   module ex-ethernet {
     namespace "http://example.com/ethernet";
     prefix "eth";

     import ietf-interfaces {
       prefix if;
     }

     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
       when "if:type = 'ethernetCsmacd'";

       container ethernet {
         must "../if:location" {
           description
             "An ethernet interface must specify the physical location
              of the ethernet hardware.";
         }
         choice transmission-params {
           case auto {
             leaf auto-negotiate {
               type empty;
             }
           }
           case manual {
             leaf duplex {
               type enumeration {
                 enum "half";
                 enum "full";
               }
             }
             leaf speed {
               type enumeration {
                 enum "10Mb";
                 enum "100Mb";
                 enum "1Gb";
                 enum "10Gb";
               }
             }
           }
         }
         // other ethernet specific params...
       }
     }
   }

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Appendix B.  Example: Ethernet Bonding Interface Module

   This section gives an example of how interface layering can be
   defined.  An ethernet bonding interface is defined, which bonds
   several ethernet interfaces into one logical interface.

   module ex-ethernet-bonding {
     namespace "http://example.com/ethernet-bonding";
     prefix "bond";

     import ietf-interfaces {
       prefix if;
     }

     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
       when "if:type = 'ieee8023adLag'";

       leaf-list slave-if {
         type if:interface-ref;
         must "/if:interfaces/if:interface[if:name = current()]"
            + "/if:type = 'ethernetCsmacd'" {
           description
             "The type of a slave interface must be ethernet.";
         }
       }
       leaf bonding-mode {
         type enumeration {
           enum round-robin;
           enum active-backup;
           enum broadcast;
         }
       }
       // other bonding config params, failover times etc.
     }
   }

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Appendix C.  Example: VLAN Interface Module

   This section gives an example of how a vlan interface module can be
   defined.

   module ex-vlan {
     namespace "http://example.com/vlan";
     prefix "vlan";

     import ietf-interfaces {
       prefix if;
     }

     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
       when "if:type = 'ethernetCsmacd' or
             if:type = 'ieee8023adLag'";
       leaf vlan-tagging {
         type boolean;
         default false;
       }
     }

     augment "/if:interfaces/if:interface" {
       when "if:type = 'l2vlan'";

       leaf base-interface {
         type if:interface-ref;
         must "/if:interfaces/if:interface[if:name = current()]"
            + "/vlan:vlan-tagging = true" {
           description
             "The base interface must have vlan tagging enabled.";
         }
       }
       leaf vlan-id {
         type uint16 {
           range "1..4094";
         }
         must "../base-interface";
       }
     }
   }

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Appendix D.  Example: NETCONF <get> reply

   This section gives an example of a reply to the NETCONF <get> request
   for a device that implements the example data models above.

   <rpc-reply
       xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0"
       message-id="101">
     <data>
       <interfaces
           xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-interfaces">
         <interface>
           <name>eth0</name>
           <type>ethernetCsmacd</type>
           <location>0</location>
           <enabled>true</enabled>
           <if-index>2</if-index>
         </interface>
         <interface>
           <name>eth1</name>
           <type>ethernetCsmacd</type>
           <location>1</location>
           <enabled>true</enabled>
           <if-index>7</if-index>
           <vlan-tagging
               xmlns="http://example.com/vlan">true</vlan-tagging>
         </interface>
       </interfaces>
     </data>
   </rpc-reply>

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Appendix E.  ChangeLog

   RFC Editor: remove this section upon publication as an RFC.

E.1.  Version -04

   o  Clarified why ifPromiscuousMode is not part of this data model.

   o  Added a table that shows the mapping between this YANG data model
      and IF-MIB.

E.2.  Version -03

   o  Added the section Relationship to the IF-MIB.

   o  Changed if-index to be a leaf instead of leaf-list.

   o  Explained the notation used in the data model tree picture.

E.3.  Version -02

   o  Editorial fixes

E.4.  Version -01

   o  Changed leaf "if-admin-status" to leaf "enabled".

   o  Added Security Considerations

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Author's Address

   Martin Bjorklund
   Tail-f Systems

   Email: mbj@tail-f.com

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