Local Protection Enforcement in PCEP
draft-ietf-pce-local-protection-enforcement-05

Network Working Group                                           A. Stone
Internet-Draft                                               M. Aissaoui
Updates: 5440 (if approved)                                        Nokia
Intended status: Standards Track                                S. Sidor
Expires: 5 November 2022                             Cisco Systems, Inc.
                                                            S. Sivabalan
                                                      Ciena Coroporation
                                                              4 May 2022

                  Local Protection Enforcement in PCEP
             draft-ietf-pce-local-protection-enforcement-05

Abstract

   This document updates [RFC5440] to clarify usage of the local
   protection desired bit signalled in Path Computation Element Protocol
   (PCEP).  This document also introduces a new flag for signalling
   protection strictness in PCEP.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
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   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 5 November 2022.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   4.  Motivation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     4.1.  Implementation differences  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     4.2.  SLA Enforcement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   5.  Protection Enforcement Flag (E flag)  . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     5.1.  Backwards Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   6.  Implementation Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     6.1.  Nokia Implementation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     6.2.  Cisco Implementation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     8.1.  LSPA Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11

1.  Introduction

   Path Computation Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP)
   [RFC5440] enables the communication between a Path Computation Client
   (PCC) and a Path Control Element (PCE), or between two PCEs based on
   the PCE architecture [RFC4655].

   PCEP [RFC5440] utilizes flags, values and concepts previously defined
   in RSVP-TE Extensions [RFC3209] and Fast Reroute Extensions to RSVP-
   TE [RFC4090].  One such concept in PCEP is the 'Local Protection
   Desired' (L flag in the LSPA Object in [RFC5440]), which was
   originally defined in the SESSION-ATTRIBUTE Object in RFC3209.  In
   RSVP, this flag signals to downstream routers that local protection
   is desired, which indicates to transit routers that they may use a
   local repair mechanism.  The headend router calculating the path does
   not know whether a downstream router will or will not protect a hop
   during it's calculation.  Therefore, a local protection desired does

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   not require the transit router to satisfy protection in order to
   establish the RSVP signalled path.  This flag is signalled in PCEP as
   an attribute of the LSP via the LSP Attributes object.

   PCEP Extensions for Segment Routing ([RFC8664]) extends support in
   PCEP for Segment Routed LSPs (SR-LSPs) as defined in the Segment
   Routing Architecture [RFC8402].  As per the Segment Routing
   Architecture, Adjacency Segment Identifiers(Adj-SID) may be eligible
   for protection (using IPFRR or MPLS-FRR).  The protection eligibility
   is advertised into IGP ([RFC8665] and [RFC8667]) as the B-Flag part
   of the Adjacency SID sub-tlv and can be discovered by a PCE via BGP-
   LS [RFC7752] using the BGP-LS Segment Routing Extensions ([RFC9085]).
   An Adjacency SID may or may not have protection eligibility and for a
   given adjacency between two routers there may be multiple Adjacency
   SIDs, some of which are protected and some which are not.

   A Segment Routed path calculated by PCE may contain various types of
   segments, as defined in [RFC8402] such as Adjacency, Node or Binding.
   The protection eligibility for Adjacency SIDs can be discovered by
   PCE, so therefore the PCE can take the protection eligibility into
   consideration as a path constraint.  If a path is calculated to
   include other segment identifiers which are not applicable to having
   their protection state advertised, as they may only be locally
   significant for each router processing the SID such as Node SIDs, it
   may not be possible for PCE to include the protection constraint as
   part of the path calculation.

   It is desirable for an operator to define the enforcement, or
   strictness of the protection requirement when it can be applied.

   This document updates [RFC5440] by further describing the behaviour
   with Local Protection Desired Flag (L flag) and extends on it with
   the introduction of Enforcement Flag (E flag).

2.  Requirements Language

   In this document, the key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED",
   "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY",
   and "OPTIONAL" are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14,
   [RFC2119].

3.  Terminology

   This document uses the following terminology:

   PROTECTION MANDATORY: path MUST have protection eligibility on all
   links.

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   UNPROTECTED MANDATORY: path MUST NOT have protection eligibility on
   all links.

   PROTECTION PREFERRED: path SHOULD have protection eligibility on all
   links but MAY contain links which do not have protection eligibility.

   UNPROTECTED PREFERRED: path SHOULD NOT have protection eligibility on
   all links but MAY contain links which have protection eligibility.

   PCC: Path Computation Client.  Any client application requesting a
   path computation to be performed by a Path Computation Element.

   PCE: Path Computation Element.  An entity (component, application, or
   network node) that is capable of computing a network path or route
   based on a network graph and applying computational constraints.

   PCEP: Path Computation Element Protocol.

4.  Motivation

4.1.  Implementation differences

   As defined in [RFC5440] the mechanism to signal protection
   enforcement in PCEP is with the previously mentioned L flag defined
   in the LSPA Object.  The name of the flag uses the term "Desired",
   which by definition means "strongly wished for or intended" and the
   use case originated from the RSVP.  For RSVP signalled paths, local
   protection is not within control of the PCE.  However, [RFC5440] does
   state "When set, this means that the computed path must include links
   protected with Fast Reroute as defined in [RFC4090]."
   Implementations of [RFC5440] have either interpreted the L flag as
   PROTECTION MANDATORY or PROTECTION PREFERRED, leading to operational
   differences.

4.2.  SLA Enforcement

   The boolean bit flag is unable to distinguish between the different
   options of PROTECTION MANDATORY, UNPROTECTED MANDATORY, PROTECTION
   PREFERRED and UNPROTECTED PREFERRED.  The selection of the options
   are typically dependent on the service level agreement the operator
   wishes to impose on the LSP.  When enforcement is used, the resulting
   shortest path calculation is impacted.

   For example, PROTECTION MANDATORY is for use cases where an operator
   may need the LSP to follow a path which has local protection provided
   along the full path, ensuring that if there is anywhere along the
   path that traffic will be fast re-routed at the point of failure.

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   For another example, UNPROTECTED MANDATORY is when an operator may
   intentionally prefer an LSP to not be locally protected, and thus
   would rather local failures to cause the LSP to go down and/or rely
   on other protection mechanisms such as a secondary diverse path.

   There are also use cases where there is simply no requirement to
   enforce protection or no protection along a path.  This can be
   considered as "do not care to enforce".  This is a relaxation of the
   protection constraint.  The path calculation is permitted the use of
   any SID which is available along the calculated path.  The SID backup
   availability does not impact the shortest path computation.  Since
   links may have both protected and unprotected SIDs available, the
   option PROTECTION PREFERRED or UNPROTECTED PREFERRED is used to
   instruction PCE a preference on which SID to select, as the behaviour
   of the LSP would differ during a local failure depending on which SID
   is selected.

5.  Protection Enforcement Flag (E flag)

   Section 7.11 in Path Computation Element Protocol [RFC5440] describes
   the encoding of the Local Protection Desired (L flag).  A new flag is
   proposed in this document in the LSP Attributes Object which extends
   the L flag to identify the protection enforcement.

   Bit 6 has been early allocated by IANA as the Protection Enforcement
   flag.

   Codespace of the Flag field (LSPA Object)

        Bit      Description                      Reference

         7    Local Protection Desired             RFC5440

         6    Local Protection Enforcement        This I-D

   The format of the LSPA Object as defined in [RFC5440] is:

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       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Exclude-any                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Include-any                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Include-all                             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |  Setup Prio   |  Holding Prio |     Flags |E|L|   Reserved    |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                                                               |
      //                     Optional TLVs                           //
      |                                                               |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Flags (8 bits)

   *  L Flag: As defined in [RFC5440] and further updated by this
      document.  When set, protection is desired.  When not set,
      protection is not desired.  The enforcement of the protection is
      identified via the E flag.

   *  E Flag (Protection Enforcement): This flag controls the strictness
      in which PCE must apply the L flag.  When set, the value of the L
      flag MUST be respected during SID selection by PCE.  When E flag
      is not set, the value of the L flag SHOULD be respected as
      selection criteria however PCE is permitted to relax or ignore L
      flag when computing a path.  The statements below indicate
      preference when E flag is unset in combination with the L flag
      value.

   When L flag is set and E flag is set then PCE MUST consider the
   protection eligibility as PROTECTION MANDATORY constraint.

   When L flag is set and E flag is not set then PCE MUST consider the
   protection eligibility as PROTECTION PREFERRED constraint.

   When L flag is not set and E flag is not set then PCE SHOULD consider
   the protection eligibility as UNPROTECTED PREFERRED but MAY consider
   protection eligibility as UNPROTECTED MANDATORY constraint.

   When L flag is not set and E flag is set then PCE MUST consider the
   protection eligibility as UNPROTECTED MANDATORY constraint.

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   UNPROTECTED PREFERRED and PROTECTED PREFERRED may seem similar but
   they indicate the preference of selection of a SID if PCE has an
   option of either protected or unprotected available on a link.  When
   presented with either option, PCE SHOULD select the SID which has a
   protection state matching the state of the L flag.

   The protection enforcement constraint can only be applied to resource
   selection in which the protection state or eligibility for protection
   is known to PCE.  It is RECOMMENDED for a PCE to assume a Node SID is
   protected.  It is RECOMMENDED for a PCE to assume an Adjacency SID is
   protected if the backup flag advertised with the Adjacency SID is
   set.  If a PCE is unable to infer protection status of a resource,
   PCE MAY use local policy to define protected status assumptions.

5.1.  Backwards Compatibility

   Considerations in the message passing between PCC and PCE for the E
   flag bit which are not supported by the entity are outlined in this
   section, with requirements for PCE and PCC implementing this document
   described at the end.

   For a PCC or PCE which does not yet support this document, the E flag
   bit is ignored and set to zero in PCRpt and/or PCUpd as per [RFC5440]
   for PCC-initiated or as per ([RFC8281]) for PCE-initiated LSPs.  It's
   important to note that [RFC8231] and [RFC8281] permit LSP Attribute
   Object to be included in PCUpd messages for PCC-initiated and PCE-
   initiated LSPs.  For PCC-initiated LSPs, PCUpd E flag (and L flag)
   are an echo from the previous PCRpt however the bit value is ignored
   on PCE from the previous PCRpt, therefore the E flag value set in the
   PCUpd is zero.  A PCE which does not support this document sends
   PCUpd messages with the E flag unset for PCC-initated LSPs even if
   set in the prior PCReq or PCRpt.  A PCC which does not support this
   document sends PCRpt messages with the E flag unset for PCE-initiated
   LSPs even if set in the prior PCInitiate or PCUpd.

   For a PCC which does support this document, it MAY set E flag bit
   depending on local configuration.  If communicating with a PCE which
   does not yet support this document, the PCE follows the behaviour
   specified in [RFC5440] and will ignore the E flag bit thus it will
   not compute a path respecting the enforcement constraint.

   For PCC-initiated LSPs, PCC SHOULD ignore the E flag value received
   from PCE in a PCUpd message.

   For PCE-initiated LSPs, PCC MAY process the E flag value received
   from PCE in a PCUpd message.  PCE SHOULD ignore the E flag value
   received from PCC in a PCRpt message.

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6.  Implementation Status

   [Note to the RFC Editor - remove this section before publication, as
   well as remove the reference to RFC 7942.]

   This section records the status of known implementations of the
   protocol defined by this specification at the time of posting of this
   Internet-Draft, and is based on a proposal described in [RFC7942].
   The description of implementations in this section is intended to
   assist the IETF in its decision processes in progressing drafts to
   RFCs.  Please note that the listing of any individual implementation
   here does not imply endorsement by the IETF.  Furthermore, no effort
   has been spent to verify the information presented here that was
   supplied by IETF contributors.  This is not intended as, and must not
   be construed to be, a catalogue of available implementations or their
   features.  Readers are advised to note that other implementations may
   exist.

   According to [RFC7942], "this will allow reviewers and working groups
   to assign due consideration to documents that have the benefit of
   running code, which may serve as evidence of valuable experimentation
   and feedback that have made the implemented protocols more mature.
   It is up to the individual working groups to use this information as
   they see fit".

6.1.  Nokia Implementation

   *  Organization: Nokia

   *  Implementation: NSP PCE and SROS PCC.

   *  Description: Implementation for calculation and conveying
      intention described in this document

   *  Maturity Level: Demo

   *  Coverage: Full

   *  Contact: andrew.stone@nokia.com

6.2.  Cisco Implementation

   *  Organization: Cisco Systems, Inc.

   *  Implementation: IOS-XR PCE and PCC.

   *  Description: Implementation for calculation and conveying
      intention described in this document

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   *  Maturity Level: Demo

   *  Coverage: Full

   *  Contact: ssidor@cisco.com

7.  Security Considerations

   This document clarifies the behaviour of an existing flag and
   introduces a new flag to provide further control of that existing
   behaviour.  The introduction of this new flag and behaviour
   clarification does not create any new sensitive information.  No
   additional security measure is required.

   Securing the PCEP session using Transport Layer Security (TLS)
   [RFC8253], as per the recommendations and best current practices in
   [RFC7525] is RECOMMENDED.

8.  IANA Considerations

8.1.  LSPA Object

   This document defines a new bit value in the sub-registry "LSPA
   Object Flag Field" in the "Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP)
   Numbers" registry.  IANA is requested to confirm the early-allocated
   codepoint.

               Bit    Name                         Reference

                6     Protection Enforcement       This I-D

9.  References

9.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC4655]  Farrel, A., Vasseur, J.-P., and J. Ash, "A Path
              Computation Element (PCE)-Based Architecture", RFC 4655,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4655, August 2006,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4655>.

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   [RFC8402]  Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L.,
              Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
              Routing Architecture", RFC 8402, DOI 10.17487/RFC8402,
              July 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8402>.

   [RFC5440]  Vasseur, JP., Ed. and JL. Le Roux, Ed., "Path Computation
              Element (PCE) Communication Protocol (PCEP)", RFC 5440,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC5440, March 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5440>.

   [RFC3209]  Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
              and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
              Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.

   [RFC4090]  Pan, P., Ed., Swallow, G., Ed., and A. Atlas, Ed., "Fast
              Reroute Extensions to RSVP-TE for LSP Tunnels", RFC 4090,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC4090, May 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4090>.

   [RFC7752]  Gredler, H., Ed., Medved, J., Previdi, S., Farrel, A., and
              S. Ray, "North-Bound Distribution of Link-State and
              Traffic Engineering (TE) Information Using BGP", RFC 7752,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7752, March 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7752>.

   [RFC8253]  Lopez, D., Gonzalez de Dios, O., Wu, Q., and D. Dhody,
              "PCEPS: Usage of TLS to Provide a Secure Transport for the
              Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)",
              RFC 8253, DOI 10.17487/RFC8253, October 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8253>.

   [RFC8231]  Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Medved, J., and R. Varga, "Path
              Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
              Extensions for Stateful PCE", RFC 8231,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8231, September 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8231>.

   [RFC8281]  Crabbe, E., Minei, I., Sivabalan, S., and R. Varga, "Path
              Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP)
              Extensions for PCE-Initiated LSP Setup in a Stateful PCE
              Model", RFC 8281, DOI 10.17487/RFC8281, December 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8281>.

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   [RFC7525]  Sheffer, Y., Holz, R., and P. Saint-Andre,
              "Recommendations for Secure Use of Transport Layer
              Security (TLS) and Datagram Transport Layer Security
              (DTLS)", BCP 195, RFC 7525, DOI 10.17487/RFC7525, May
              2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7525>.

9.2.  Informative References

   [RFC7942]  Sheffer, Y. and A. Farrel, "Improving Awareness of Running
              Code: The Implementation Status Section", BCP 205,
              RFC 7942, DOI 10.17487/RFC7942, July 2016,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7942>.

   [RFC8664]  Sivabalan, S., Filsfils, C., Tantsura, J., Henderickx, W.,
              and J. Hardwick, "Path Computation Element Communication
              Protocol (PCEP) Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8664,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8664, December 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8664>.

   [RFC8665]  Psenak, P., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Filsfils, C., Gredler,
              H., Shakir, R., Henderickx, W., and J. Tantsura, "OSPF
              Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8665,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8665, December 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8665>.

   [RFC8667]  Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L., Ed., Filsfils, C.,
              Bashandy, A., Gredler, H., and B. Decraene, "IS-IS
              Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 8667,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8667, December 2019,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8667>.

   [RFC9085]  Previdi, S., Talaulikar, K., Ed., Filsfils, C., Gredler,
              H., and M. Chen, "Border Gateway Protocol - Link State
              (BGP-LS) Extensions for Segment Routing", RFC 9085,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9085, August 2021,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9085>.

Acknowledgements

   Thanks to Dhruv Dhody and Mike Koldychev for reviewing and providing
   very valuable feedback and discussions on this document.

Authors' Addresses

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   Andrew Stone
   Nokia
   600 March Road
   Kanata Ontario K2K 2T6
   Canada
   Email: andrew.stone@nokia.com

   Mustapha Aissaoui
   Nokia
   600 March Road
   Kanata Ontario K2K 2T6
   Canada
   Email: mustapha.aissaoui@nokia.com

   Samuel Sidor
   Cisco Systems, Inc.
   Eurovea Central 3.
   Pribinova 10
   811 09 Bratislava
   Slovakia
   Email: ssidor@cisco.com

   Siva Sivabalan
   Ciena Coroporation
   385 Terry Fox Drive
   Kanata Ontario K2K 0L1
   Canada
   Email: ssivabal@ciena.com

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