Root initiated routing state in RPL
draft-ietf-roll-dao-projection-00

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ROLL                                                     P. Thubert, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                              J. Pylakutty
Intended status: Standards Track                                   Cisco
Expires: June 10, 2017                                 December 07, 2016

                  Root initiated routing state in RPL
                  draft-ietf-roll-dao-projection-00

Abstract

   This document proposes a protocol extension to RPL that enables to
   install a limited amount of centrally-computed routes in a RPL graph,
   enabling loose source routing down a non-storing mode DODAG, or
   transversal routes inside the DODAG.  As opposed to the classical
   route injection by DAO messages, this draft projects the routes from
   the root of the DODAG.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on April 27, 2017.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
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Thubert & Pylakutty      Expires April 27, 2017                 [Page 1]
Internet-Draft     Root initiated routing state in RPL      October 2016

   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   3.  New RPL Control Message Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     3.1.  Via Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  Loose Source Routing in Non-storing Mode  . . . . . . . . . .   5
   5.  Centralized Computation of Optimized Peer-to-Peer Routes  . .   9
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   7.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   8.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14

1.  Introduction

   The Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks [RFC6550] (LLN)
   (RPL) specification defines a generic Distance Vector protocol that
   is designed for very low energy consumption and adapted to a variety
   of LLNs.  RPL forms Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graphs
   (DODAGs) which root often acts as the Border Router to connect the
   RPL domain to the Internet.  The root is responsible to select the
   RPL Instance that is used to forward a packet coming from the
   Internet into the RPL domain and set the related RPL information in
   the packets.

   In the non-storing mode (NSM) of operation (MOP), the root also
   computes routes down the DODAG towards the end device and leverages
   source routing to get there, while the default route via the root is
   used for routing upwards within the LLN and to the Internet at large.
   NSM is the dominant MOP because because networks may get arbitrary
   large and in Storing Mode, the amount of memory in nodes close to the
   root may unexpectedly require memory beyond a node's capabilities.

   But as a network gets deep, the size of the source routing header
   that the root must add to all the downward packets may also become an
   issue for far away target devices.  In some use cases, a RPL network
   forms long lines and a limited amount of well-targeted routing state
   would allow to make the source routing operation loose as opposed to
   strict, and save packet size.  Limiting the packet size is directly
   beneficial to the energy budget, but, mostly, it reduces the chances
   of frame loss and/or packet fragmentation, which is highly
   detrimental to the LLN operation.  Because the capability to store a