Active OAM for Service Function Chains in Networks
draft-ietf-sfc-multi-layer-oam-07
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type | Active Internet-Draft (sfc WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Greg Mirsky , Wei Meng , Bhumip Khasnabish , Cui(Linda) Wang | ||
| Last updated | 2020-12-14 | ||
| Replaces | draft-wang-sfc-multi-layer-oam | ||
| Stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Formats | plain text xml htmlized pdfized bibtex | ||
| Stream | WG state | WG Document | |
| Document shepherd | (None) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | (None) |
draft-ietf-sfc-multi-layer-oam-07
SFC WG G. Mirsky
Internet-Draft ZTE Corp.
Updates: 8300 (if approved) W. Meng
Intended status: Standards Track ZTE Corporation
Expires: June 17, 2021 B. Khasnabish
C. Wang
Individual contributor
December 14, 2020
Active OAM for Service Function Chains in Networks
draft-ietf-sfc-multi-layer-oam-07
Abstract
A set of requirements for active Operation, Administration and
Maintenance (OAM) of Service Function Chains (SFCs) in networks is
presented. Based on these requirements, an encapsulation of active
OAM message in SFC and a mechanism to detect and localize defects
described. Also, this document updates RFC 8300 in the definition of
O (OAM) bit in the Network Service Header (NSH) and defines how the
active OAM message is identified in SFC NSH.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on June 17, 2021.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2020 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
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publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must
include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.2. Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Requirements for Active OAM in SFC Network . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Active OAM Identification in SFC NSH . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Echo Request/Echo Reply for SFC in Networks . . . . . . . . . 7
5.1. Return Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.2. Authentication in Echo Request/Reply . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.3. SFC Echo Request Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.4. SFC Echo Request Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.4.1. Errored TLVs TLV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
5.5. SFC Echo Reply Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5.6. SFC Echo Reply Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
7. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8.1. SFC Active OAM Protocol . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8.2. SFC Active OAM Message Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
8.3. SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Parameters . . . . . . . . . 16
8.4. SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Message Types . . . . . . . . 16
8.5. SFC Echo Reply Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
8.6. SFC Echo Return Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
8.7. SFC TLV Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
8.8. SFC OAM UDP Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
8.9. HMAC Type Sub-registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
1. Introduction
[RFC7665] defines components necessary to implement a Service
Function Chain (SFC). These include a classifier that performs the
classification of incoming packets. A Service Function Forwarder
(SFF) is responsible for forwarding traffic to one or more connected
Service Functions (SFs) according to the information carried in the
SFC encapsulation. SFF also handles traffic coming back from the SF
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and transports the data packets to the next SFF. And the SFF serves
as a termination element of the Service Function Path (SFP). SF is
responsible for the specific treatment of received packets.
Resulting from that SFC is constructed by a number of these
components, there are different views from different levels of the
SFC. One is the SFC, an entirely abstract entity, which defines an
ordered set of SFs that must be applied to packets selected due to
classification. But SFC doesn't specify the exact mapping between
SFFs and SFs. Thus there exists another semi-abstract entity
referred to as SFP. SFP is the instantiation of the SFC in the
network and provides a level of indirection between the entirely
abstract SFC and a fully specified ordered list of SFFs and SFs
identities that the packet will visit when it traverses the SFC. The
latter entity is being referred to as Rendered Service Path (RSP).
The main difference between SFP and RSP is that in the former the
authority to select the SFF/SF has been delegated to the network.
This document defines how active Operation, Administration and
Maintenance (OAM), per [RFC7799] definition of active OAM, identified
in Network Service Header (NSH) SFC. The document lists requirements
to improve troubleshooting efficiency. It defines SFC Echo Request
and Echo reply that enables on-demand Continuity Check, Connectivity
Verification among other operations over SFC in networks addressing
essential SFC OAM functions identified in [RFC8924]. Also, this
document updates Section 2.2 of [RFC8300] in part of the definition
of O bit in the (NSH).
2. Conventions
2.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
2.2. Acronyms
Unless explicitly specified in this document, active OAM in SFC and
SFC OAM are being used interchangeably.
e2e: End-to-End
FM: Fault Management
NSH: Network Service Header
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OAM: Operations, Administration, and Maintenance
PRNG: Pseudorandom number generator
RDI: Remote Defect Indication
RSP: Rendered Service Path
SMI Structure of Management Information
SF: Service Function
SFC: Service Function Chain
SFF: Service Function Forwarder
SFP: Service Function Path
3. Requirements for Active OAM in SFC Network
To perform the OAM task of fault management (FM) in an SFC, that
includes failure detection, defect characterization and localization,
this document defines the set of requirements for active OAM
mechanisms to be used on an SFC.
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|SF1| |SF2| |SF3| |SF4| |SF5| |SF6|
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
\ / \ / \ /
+----------+ +----+ +----+ +----+
|Classifier|-------|SFF1|---------|SFF2|--------|SFF3|
+----------+ +----+ +----+ +----+
Figure 1: SFC reference model
In the example presented in Figure 1, the service SFP1 may be
realized through two independent RSPs, RSP1(SF1--SF3--SF5) and
RSP2(SF2--SF4--SF5). To perform end-to-end (e2e) FM SFC OAM:
REQ#1: Packets of active OAM in SFC SHOULD be fate sharing with
data traffic, i.e., in-band with the monitored traffic follow the
same RSP, in the forward direction from ingress toward egress
endpoint(s) of the OAM test.
REQ#2: SFC OAM MUST support pro-active monitoring of any element
in the SFC availability.
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The egress, SFF3, in the example in Figure 1, is the entity that
detects the failure of the SFC. It must be able to signal the new
defect state to the ingress SFF1. Hence the following requirement:
REQ#3: SFC OAM MUST support Remote Defect Indication (RDI)
notification by the egress to the ingress.
REQ#4: SFC OAM MUST support connectivity verification. Definition
of the misconnection defect, entry and exit criteria are outside
the scope of this document.
Once the SFF1 detects the defect objective of OAM switches from
failure detection to defect characterization and localization.
REQ#5: SFC OAM MUST support fault localization of Loss of
Continuity check in the SFC.
REQ#6: SFC OAM MUST support tracing an SFP to realize the RSP.
It is practical, as presented in Figure 1, that several SFs share the
same SFF. In such a case, SFP1 may be realized over two RSPs,
RSP1(SF1--SF3--SF5) and RSP2(SF2--SF4--SF6).
REQ#7: SFC OAM MUST have the ability to discover and exercise all
available RSPs in the transport network.
In the process of localizing the SFC failure, separating SFC OAM
layers is an efficient approach. To achieve that continuity among
SFFs that are part of the same SFP should be verified. Once SFFs
reachability along the particular SFP has been confirmed, the task of
defect localization may focus on SF reachability verification.
Because reachability of SFFs has already verified, SFF local to the
SF may be used as a source of the test packets.
REQ#8: SFC OAM MUST be able to trigger on-demand FM with responses
being directed towards the initiator of such proxy request.
4. Active OAM Identification in SFC NSH
The interpretation of the O bit flag in the NSH header is defined in
[RFC8300] as:
O bit: Setting this bit indicates an OAM packet.
This document updates the definition of O bit as follows:
O bit: Setting this bit indicates an OAM command and/or data in
the NSH Context Header or packet payload
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Active SFC OAM is defined as a combination of OAM commands and/or
data included in a message that immediately follows the NSH. To
identify the active OAM message, the value on the Next Protocol field
MUST be set to Active SFC OAM (TBA1) according to Section 8.1. The
rules of interpreting the values of O bit and the Next Protocol field
are as follows:
o O bit set, and the Next Protocol value is not one of identifying
active or hybrid OAM protocol (per [RFC7799] definitions), e.g.,
defined in this specification Active SFC OAM - a Fixed-Length
Context Header or Variable-Length Context Header(s) contain OAM
command or data. and the type of payload determined by the Next
Protocol field;
o O bit set, and the Next Protocol value is one of identifying
active or hybrid OAM protocol - the payload that immediately
follows SFC NSH contains OAM command or data;
o O bit is clear - no OAM in a Fixed-Length Context Header or
Variable-Length Context Header(s) and the payload determined by
the value of the Next Protocol field;
o O bit is clear and the Next Protocol value is one of identifying
active or hybrid OAM protocol MUST be identified and reported as
the erroneous combination. An implementation MAY have control to
enable processing of the OAM payload.
From the above-listed rules follows the recommendation to avoid
combination of OAM in a Fixed-Length Context Header or Variable-
Length Context Header(s) and in the payload immediately following the
SFC NSH because there is no unambiguous way to identify such
combination using the O bit and the Next Protocol field.
Several active OAM protocols will be needed to address all the
requirements listed in Section 3. Destination UDP port number may
identify protocols if IP/UDP encapsulation is used. But extra IP/UDP
headers, especially in the case of IPv6, add noticeable overhead.
This document defines Active OAM Header Figure 2 to demultiplex
active OAM protocols on an SFC.
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| V | Msg Type | Flags | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
~ SFC Active OAM Control Packet ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 2: SFC Active OAM Header
V - two bits long field indicates the current version of the SFC
active OAM header. The current value is 0.
Msg Type - six bits long field identifies OAM protocol, e.g., Echo
Request/Reply or Bidirectional Forwarding Detection.
Flags - eight bits long field carries bit flags that define
optional capability and thus processing of the SFC active OAM
control packet, e.g., optional timestamping.
Length - two octets long field that is the length of the SFC
active OAM control packet in octets.
5. Echo Request/Echo Reply for SFC in Networks
Echo Request/Reply is a well-known active OAM mechanism that is
extensively used to detect inconsistencies between a state in control
and the data planes, localize defects in the data plane. The format
of the Echo request/Echo reply control packet is to support ping and
traceroute functionality in SFC in networks Figure 3 resembles the
format of MPLS LSP Ping [RFC8029] with some exceptions.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Version Number | Global Flags |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Message Type | Reply mode | Return Code | Return S.code |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sender's Handle |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Sequence Number |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
~ TLVs ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 3: SFC Echo Request/Reply Format
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The interpretation of the fields is as follows:
The Version reflects the current version. The version number is
to be incremented whenever a change is made that affects the
ability of an implementation to parse or process control packet
correctly.
The Global Flags is a bit vector field.
The Message Type field reflects the type of the packet. Value
TBA3 identifies Echo Request and TBA4 - Echo Reply
The Reply Mode defines the type of the return path requested by
the sender of the Echo Request.
Return Codes and Subcodes can be used to inform the sender about
the result of processing its request.
The Sender's Handle is filled in by the sender and returned
unchanged by the Echo Reply receiver. The sender MAY use a
pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) to set the value of the
Sender's Handle field. The value of the Sender's Handle field
SHOULD NOT be changed in the course of the test session.
The Sequence Number is assigned by the sender and can be (for
example) used to detect missed replies. The value of the Sequence
Number field SHOULD be monotonically increasing in the course of
the test session.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Type | Reserved | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
~ Value ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 4: SFC Echo Request/Reply TLV Format
TLV is a variable-length field. Multiple TLVs MAY be placed in an
SFC Echo Request/Reply packet. Additional TLVs may be enclosed
within a given TLV, subject to the semantics of the (outer) TLV in
question. If more than one TLV is to be included, the value of the
Type field of the outmost outer TLV MUST be set to Multiple TLVs Used
(TBA12), as assigned by IANA according to Section 8.7. Figure 4
presents the format of an SFC Echo Request/Reply TLV, where fields
are defined as the following:
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Type - a one-octet-long field that characterizes the
interpretation of the Value field. TLVs (Type-Length-Value
tuples) have the two octets long Type field, two octets long
Length field is the length of the Value field in octets. Type
values allocated according to Section 8.7.
Reserved - one-octet-long field. The value of the Type field
determines its interpretation and encoding.
Length - two-octet-long field equal to the length of the Value
field in octets.
Value - a variable-length field. The value of the Type field
determines its interpretation and encoding.
5.1. Return Codes
The value of the Return Code field is set to zero by the sender of an
Echo Request. The receiver of said Echo Request can set it to one of
the values listed in Table 9 in the corresponding Echo Reply that it
generates.
5.2. Authentication in Echo Request/Reply
Authentication can be used to protect the integrity of the
information in SFC Echo Request and/or Echo Reply. This document
defines the Authentication TLV to provide the integrity protection
for SFC Echo Request/Reply. The format of the Authentication TLV is
displayed in Figure 5.
0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Authentication| HMAC Type | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |
| Digest |
| |
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 5: Authentication TLV
where fields are defined as follows:
o Authentication Type - is a one-octet-long field, value TBA15
allocated by IANA Section 8.7.
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o HMAC Type - is a one-octet-long field that identifies the type of
the HMAC and the length of the digest and the length of the digest
according to the HTS HMAC Type sub-registry (see Section 8.9).
o Length - two-octet-long field, set equal to the length of the HMAC
field in octets.
o Digest - is a variable-length field that carries HMAC digest of
the text that includes the encompassing TLV.
This specification defines the use of HMAC-SHA-256 truncated to 128
bits ([RFC4868]) in HTS. Future specifications may define the use in
HTS of more advanced cryptographic algorithms or the use of digest of
a different length. HMAC is calculated as defined in [RFC2104] over
text as the concatenation of the Sequence Number, Sender's Handle
fields of the SFC Echo Request/Reply packet (see Figure 3) and, if
present, the preceding TLVs. The digest then MUST be truncated to
128 bits and written into the Digest field. HMAC MUST be verified
before using any data in the included SFC Echo Request or Reply. If
HMAC verification of an SFC Echo Request fails, the system MUST stop
processing it and respond with the SFC Echo Reply setting the value
of the Return Code field to Authentication failed (see Section 5.1).
If HMAC verification of an SFC Echo Reply fails, the system MUST stop
processing it and notify the operator. Specification of the
notification mechanism is outside the scope of this document.
5.3. SFC Echo Request Transmission
SFC Echo Request control packet MUST use the appropriate
encapsulation of the monitored SFP. If Network Service Header (NSH)
is used, Echo Request MUST set O bit, as defined in [RFC8300]. SFC
NSH MUST be immediately followed by the SFC Active OAM Header defined
in Section 4. The Message Type field's value in the SFC Active OAM
Header MUST be set to SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply value (TBA2) per
Section 8.2.
Value of the Reply Mode field MAY be set to:
o Do Not Reply (TBA5) if one-way monitoring is desired. If the Echo
Request is used to measure synthetic packet loss; the receiver may
report loss measurement results to a remote node.
o Reply via an IPv4/IPv6 UDP Packet (TBA6) value likely will be the
most used.
o Reply via Application Level Control Channel (TBA7) value if the
SFP may have bi-directional paths.
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o Reply via Specified Path (TBA8) value to enforce the use of the
particular return path specified in the included TLV to verify bi-
directional continuity and also increase the robustness of the
monitoring by selecting a more stable path.
5.4. SFC Echo Request Reception
Sending an SFC Echo Request to the control plane is triggered by one
of the following packet processing exceptions: NSH TTL expiration,
NSH Service Index (SI) expiration or the receiver is the terminal SFF
for an SFP.
Firstly, if the SFC Echo Request is authenticated, the receiving SFF
MUST verify the authentication. If the verification fails, the
receiver SFF MUST send an SFC Echo Reply with the Return Code set to
"Authentication failed" and the Subcode set to zero. Then, the SFF
that has received an SFC Echo Request verifies the received packet's
general sanity. If the packet is not well- formed, the receiver SFF
SHOULD send an SFC Echo Reply with the Return Code set to "Malformed
Echo Request received" and the Subcode set to zero. If there are any
TLVs that SFF does not understand, the SFF MUST send an SFC Echo
Reply with the Return Code set to 2 ("One or more TLVs was not
understood") and set the Subcode to zero. In the latter case, the
SFF MAY include an Errored TLVs TLV (Section 5.4.1) that as sub-TLVs
contains only the misunderstood TLVs. The header field's Sender's
Handle, Sequence Number are not examined but are included in the SFC
Echo Reply message.
5.4.1. Errored TLVs TLV
If the Return Code for the Echo Reply is determined as 2 ("One or
more TLVs was not understood"), then the Errored TLVs TLV MAY be
included in an Echo Reply. The use of this TLV allows informing the
sender of an Echo Request of mandatory TLVs either not supported by
an implementation or parsed and found to be in error.
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Errored TLVs | Reserved | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Value |
. .
. .
. .
| |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 6: Errored TLVs TLV
where
The Errored TLVs Type MUST be set to TBA14 Section 8.7.
Reserved - one-octet-long field.
Length - two-octet-long field equal to the length of the Value
field in octets.
The Value field contains the TLVs, encoded as sub-TLVs, that were
not understood or failed to be parsed correctly.
5.5. SFC Echo Reply Transmission
The Reply Mode field directs whether and how the Echo Reply message
should be sent. The sender of the Echo Request MAY use TLVs to
request that the corresponding Echo Reply is transmitted over the
specified path. Value TBA3 is referred to as the "Do not reply" mode
and suppresses transmission of Echo Reply packet. The default value
(TBA6) for the Reply mode field requests the responder to send the
Echo Reply packet out-of-band as IPv4 or IPv6 UDP packet.
Responder to the SFC Echo Request sends the Echo Reply over IP
network if the Reply mode is Reply via an IPv4/IPv6 UDP Packet.
Because SFC NSH does not identify the ingress of the SFP the Echo
Request, the source ID MUST be included in the message and used as
the IP destination address for IP/UDP encapsulation of the SFC Echo
Reply. The sender of the SFC Echo Request MUST include SFC Source
TLV Figure 7.
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Source ID | Reserved | Length |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Value |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 7: SFC Source TLV
where
Source ID Type is a one-octet-long field and has the value of
TBA13 Section 8.7.
Reserved - one-octet-long field.
Length is a two-octets-long field, and the value equals the length
of the Value field in octets.
Value field contains the IP address of the sender of the SFC OAM
control message, IPv4 or IPv6.
The UDP destination port for SFC Echo Reply TBA16 will be allocated
by IANA Section 8.8.
5.6. SFC Echo Reply Reception
An SFF SHOULD NOT accept SFC Echo Reply unless the received passes
the following checks:
o the received SFC Echo Reply is well-formed;
o it has outstanding SFC Echo Request sent from the UDP port that
matches destination UDP port number of the received packet;
o if the matching to the Echo Request found, the value of the
Sender's Handle n the Echo Request sent is equal to the value of
Sender's Handle in the Echo Reply received;
o if all checks passed, the SFF checks if the Sequence Number in the
Echo Request sent matches to the Sequence Number in the Echo Reply
received.
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6. Security Considerations
This document defines the Authentication TLV (Section 5.2) that can
be used to protect the integrity of SFC Echo Request/Reply. The
integrity protection for SFC Echo Request/Reply can also be achieved
using mechanisms in the underlay data plane. For example, if the
underlay is an IPv6 network, IP Authentication Header [RFC4302] or IP
Encapsulating Security Payload Header [RFC4303] can be used to
provide integrity protection. Confidentiality for the SFC Echo
Request/Reply exchanges can be achieved using the IP Encapsulating
Security Payload Header [RFC4303]. Also, the security needs for SFC
Echo Request/Reply are similar to those of ICMP ping [RFC0792],
[RFC4443] and MPLS LSP ping [RFC8029].
There are at least three approaches to attacking a node in the
overlay network using the mechanisms defined in the document. One is
a Denial-of-Service attack, sending an SFC Echo Request to overload
an element of the SFC. The second may use spoofing, hijacking,
replying, or otherwise tampering with SFC Echo Requests and/or
replies to misrepresent, alter the operator's view of the state of
the SFC. The third is an unauthorized source using an SFC Echo
Request/Reply to obtain information about the SFC and/or its
elements, e.g. SFF or SF.
It is RECOMMENDED that implementations throttle the SFC ping traffic
going to the control plane to mitigate potential Denial-of-Service
attacks.
Reply and spoofing attacks involving faking or replying to SFC Echo
Reply messages would have to match the Sender's Handle and Sequence
Number of an outstanding SFC Echo Request message, which is highly
unlikely. Thus the non-matching reply would be discarded.
To protect against unauthorized sources trying to obtain information
about the overlay and/or underlay, an implementation MAY check that
the source of the Echo Request is indeed part of the SFP.
7. Acknowledgments
Authors greatly appreciate thorough review and the most helpful
comments from Dan Wing and Dirk von Hugo.
8. IANA Considerations
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8.1. SFC Active OAM Protocol
IANA is requested to assign a new type from the SFC Next Protocol
registry as follows:
+-------+----------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+----------------+---------------+
| TBA1 | SFC Active OAM | This document |
+-------+----------------+---------------+
Table 1: SFC Active OAM Protocol
8.2. SFC Active OAM Message Type
IANA is requested to create a new registry called "SFC Active OAM
Message Type". All code points in the range 1 through 32767 in this
registry shall be allocated according to the "IETF Review" procedure
specified in [RFC8126]. Remaining code points to be allocated
according to Table 2:
+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+
| 0 | Reserved | |
| 1 - 32767 | Reserved | IETF Consensus |
| 32768 - 65530 | Reserved | First Come First Served |
| 65531 - 65534 | Reserved | Private Use |
| 65535 | Reserved | |
+---------------+-------------+-------------------------+
Table 2: SFC Active OAM Message Type
IANA is requested to assign a new type from the SFC Active OAM
Message Type registry as follows:
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| TBA2 | SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply | This document |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
Table 3: SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Type
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8.3. SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Parameters
IANA is requested to create a new SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply
Parameters registry.
8.4. SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Message Types
IANA is requested to create in the SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply
Parameters registry the new sub-registry Message Types. All code
points in the range 1 through 175 in this registry shall be allocated
according to the "IETF Review" procedure specified in [RFC8126].
Code points in the range 176 through 239 in this registry shall be
allocated according to the "First Come First Served" procedure
specified in [RFC8126]. The remaining code points are allocated
according to Table 4: as specified in Table 4.
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| 0 | Reserved | This document |
| 1- 175 | Unassigned | This document |
| 176 - 239 | Unassigned | This document |
| 240 - 251 | Experimental | This document |
| 252 - 254 | Private Use | This document |
| 255 | Reserved | This document |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
Table 4: SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Message Types
IANA is requested to assign values as listed in Table 5.
+-------+------------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+------------------+---------------+
| TBA3 | SFC Echo Request | This document |
| TBA4 | SFC Echo Reply | This document |
+-------+------------------+---------------+
Table 5: SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply Message Types Values
8.5. SFC Echo Reply Modes
IANA is requested to create in the SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply
Parameters registry the new sub-registry Reply Mode. All code points
in the range 1 through 175 in this registry shall be allocated
according to the "IETF Review" procedure specified in [RFC8126].
Code points in the range 176 through 239 in this registry shall be
allocated according to the "First Come First Served" procedure
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specified in [RFC8126]. The remaining code points are allocated
according to Table 6: as specified in Table 6.
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| 0 | Reserved | This document |
| 1- 175 | Unassigned | This document |
| 176 - 239 | Unassigned | This document |
| 240 - 251 | Experimental | This document |
| 252 - 254 | Private Use | This document |
| 255 | Reserved | This document |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
Table 6: SFC Echo Reply Mode
All code points in the range 1 through 191 in this registry shall be
allocated according to the "IETF Review" procedure specified in
[RFC8126] and assign values as listed in Table 7.
+-------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
| 0 | Reserved | |
| TBA5 | Do Not Reply | This docu |
| | | ment |
| TBA6 | Reply via an IPv4/IPv6 UDP Packet | This docu |
| | | ment |
| TBA7 | Reply via Application Level Control Channel | This docu |
| | | ment |
| TBA8 | Reply via Specified Path | This docu |
| | | ment |
| TBA9 | Reply via an IPv4/IPv6 UDP Packet with the | This docu |
| | data integrity protection | ment |
| TBA10 | Reply via Application Level Control Channel | This docu |
| | with the data integrity protection | ment |
| TBA11 | Reply via Specified Path with the data | This docu |
| | integrity protection | ment |
+-------+-----------------------------------------------+-----------+
Table 7: SFC Echo Reply Mode Values
8.6. SFC Echo Return Codes
IANA is requested to create in the SFC Echo Request/Echo Reply
Parameters registry the new sub-registry Return Codes as described in
Table 8.
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+---------+-------------+-------------------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+---------+-------------+-------------------------+
| 0-191 | Unassigned | IETF Review |
| 192-251 | Unassigned | First Come First Served |
| 252-254 | Unassigned | Private Use |
| 255 | Reserved | |
+---------+-------------+-------------------------+
Table 8: SFC Echo Return Codes
Values defined for the Return Codes sub-registry are listed in
Table 9.
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
| 0 | No Return Code | This document |
| 1 | Malformed Echo Request received | This document |
| 2 | One or more of the TLVs was not | This document |
| | understood | |
| 3 | Authentication failed | This document |
+-------+-------------------------------------------+---------------+
Table 9: SFC Echo Return Codes Values
8.7. SFC TLV Type
IANA is requested to create the SFC OAM TLV Type registry. All code
points in the range 1 through 175 in this registry shall be allocated
according to the "IETF Review" procedure specified in [RFC8126].
Code points in the range 176 through 239 in this registry shall be
allocated according to the "First Come First Served" procedure
specified in [RFC8126]. The remaining code points are allocated
according to Table 10:
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| 0 | Reserved | This document |
| 1- 175 | Unassigned | This document |
| 176 - 239 | Unassigned | This document |
| 240 - 251 | Experimental | This document |
| 252 - 254 | Private Use | This document |
| 255 | Reserved | This document |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
Table 10: SFC OAM TLV Type Registry
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This document defines the following new values in SFC OAM TLV Type
registry:
+-------+--------------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+--------------------+---------------+
| TBA12 | Multiple TLVs Used | This document |
| TBA13 | Source ID TLV | This document |
| TBA14 | Errored TLVs | This document |
| TBA15 | Authentication TLV | This document |
+-------+--------------------+---------------+
Table 11: SFC OAM Type Values
8.8. SFC OAM UDP Port
IANA is requested to allocate UDP port number according to
+--------+-------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+
| Servic | Port | Transport | Description | Semantics | Reference |
| e Name | Numbe | Protocol | | Definition | |
| | r | | | | |
+--------+-------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+
| SFC | TBA16 | UDP | SFC OAM | Section 5. | This docu |
| OAM | | | | 5 | ment |
+--------+-------+-----------+-------------+------------+-----------+
Table 12: SFC OAM Port
8.9. HMAC Type Sub-registry
IANA is requested to create the HMAC Type sub-registry as part of the
SFC OAM TLV Type registry. All code points in the range 1 through
127 in this registry shall be allocated according to the "IETF
Review" procedure specified in [RFC8126]. Code points in the range
128 through 239 in this registry shall be allocated according to the
"First Come First Served" procedure specified in [RFC8126]. The
remaining code points are allocated according to Table 13:
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+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
| 0 | Reserved | This document |
| 1- 127 | Unassigned | This document |
| 128 - 239 | Unassigned | This document |
| 240 - 249 | Experimental | This document |
| 250 - 254 | Private Use | This document |
| 255 | Reserved | This document |
+-----------+--------------+---------------+
Table 13: HMAC Type Sub-registry
This document defines the following new values in the HMAC Type sub-
registry:
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| Value | Description | Reference |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
| 1 | HMAC-SHA-256 16 octets long | This document |
+-------+-----------------------------+---------------+
Table 14: HMAC Types
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2104] Krawczyk, H., Bellare, M., and R. Canetti, "HMAC: Keyed-
Hashing for Message Authentication", RFC 2104,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2104, February 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2104>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8300] Quinn, P., Ed., Elzur, U., Ed., and C. Pignataro, Ed.,
"Network Service Header (NSH)", RFC 8300,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8300, January 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8300>.
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9.2. Informative References
[RFC0792] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5,
RFC 792, DOI 10.17487/RFC0792, September 1981,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc792>.
[RFC4302] Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4302, December 2005,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4302>.
[RFC4303] Kent, S., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)",
RFC 4303, DOI 10.17487/RFC4303, December 2005,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4303>.
[RFC4443] Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, Ed., "Internet
Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet
Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", STD 89,
RFC 4443, DOI 10.17487/RFC4443, March 2006,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4443>.
[RFC4868] Kelly, S. and S. Frankel, "Using HMAC-SHA-256, HMAC-SHA-
384, and HMAC-SHA-512 with IPsec", RFC 4868,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4868, May 2007,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4868>.
[RFC7665] Halpern, J., Ed. and C. Pignataro, Ed., "Service Function
Chaining (SFC) Architecture", RFC 7665,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7665, October 2015,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7665>.
[RFC7799] Morton, A., "Active and Passive Metrics and Methods (with
Hybrid Types In-Between)", RFC 7799, DOI 10.17487/RFC7799,
May 2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7799>.
[RFC8029] Kompella, K., Swallow, G., Pignataro, C., Ed., Kumar, N.,
Aldrin, S., and M. Chen, "Detecting Multiprotocol Label
Switched (MPLS) Data-Plane Failures", RFC 8029,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8029, March 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8029>.
[RFC8126] Cotton, M., Leiba, B., and T. Narten, "Guidelines for
Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
RFC 8126, DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.
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[RFC8924] Aldrin, S., Pignataro, C., Ed., Kumar, N., Ed., Krishnan,
R., and A. Ghanwani, "Service Function Chaining (SFC)
Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)
Framework", RFC 8924, DOI 10.17487/RFC8924, October 2020,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8924>.
Authors' Addresses
Greg Mirsky
ZTE Corp.
Email: gregimirsky@gmail.com
Wei Meng
ZTE Corporation
No.50 Software Avenue, Yuhuatai District
Nanjing
China
Email: meng.wei2@zte.com.cn
Bhumip Khasnabish
Individual contributor
Email: vumip1@gmail.com
Cui Wang
Individual contributor
Email: lindawangjoy@gmail.com
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