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A profile for Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) Signed Checklists (RSC)
draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc-08

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 9323.
Authors Job Snijders , Tom Harrison , Ben Maddison
Last updated 2022-08-10 (Latest revision 2022-05-26)
Replaces draft-spaghetti-sidrops-rpki-rsc
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
Formats
Reviews
Additional resources Mailing list discussion
Stream WG state Submitted to IESG for Publication
Document shepherd Keyur Patel
Shepherd write-up Show Last changed 2022-07-27
IESG IESG state Became RFC 9323 (Proposed Standard)
Consensus boilerplate Yes
Telechat date (None)
Needs 2 more YES or NO OBJECTION positions to pass.
Responsible AD Warren "Ace" Kumari
Send notices to keyur@arrcus.com
IANA IANA review state IANA - Review Needed
draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc-08
Network Working Group                                        J. Snijders
Internet-Draft                                                    Fastly
Intended status: Standards Track                             T. Harrison
Expires: 27 November 2022                                          APNIC
                                                             B. Maddison
                                                              Workonline
                                                             26 May 2022

     A profile for Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) Signed
                            Checklists (RSC)
                     draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc-08

Abstract

   This document defines a Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) profile
   for a general purpose listing of checksums (a 'checklist'), for use
   with the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI).  The objective is
   to allow an attestation, in the form of a listing of one or more
   checksums of arbitrary digital objects (files), to be signed "with
   resources", and for validation to provide a means to confirm a
   specific Internet Resource Holder produced the Signed Checklist.  The
   profile is intended to provide for the signing of an arbitrary
   checksum listing with a specific set of Internet Number Resources.

Requirements Language

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
   14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

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   This Internet-Draft will expire on 27 November 2022.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  RSC Profile and Distribution  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     2.1.  RSC End-Entity Certificates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  The RSC ContentType . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  The RSC eContent  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     4.1.  version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.2.  resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
       4.2.1.  ConstrainedASIdentifiers type . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
       4.2.2.  ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks type  . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.3.  digestAlgorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.4.  checkList . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
       4.4.1.  FileNameAndHash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   5.  RSC Validation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   6.  Verifying files or data using RSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
   7.  Operational Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   8.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   9.  Implementation status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   10. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.1.  SMI Security for S/MIME CMS Content Type
            (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.2.  RPKI Signed Objects sub-registry . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.3.  File Extension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     10.4.  SMI Security for S/MIME Module Identifier
            (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.0)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     10.5.  Media Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   11. References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     11.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     11.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   Appendix A.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   Appendix B.  Document changelog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16

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     B.1.  changes from -07 -> -08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.2.  changes from -06 -> -07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.3.  changes from -05 -> -06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.4.  changes from -04 -> -05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.5.  changes from -03 -> -04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.6.  changes from -02 -> -03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.7.  changes from -01 -> -02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     B.8.  changes from -00 -> -01 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
     B.9.  individual submission phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17

1.  Introduction

   This document defines a Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) [RFC5652]
   profile for a general purpose listing of checksums (a 'checklist'),
   for use with the Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) [RFC6480].
   The objective is to allow an attestation, in the form of a listing of
   one or more checksums of arbitrary files, to be signed "with
   resources", and for validation to provide a means to confirm a given
   Internet Resource Holder produced the RPKI Signed Checklist (RSC).
   The profile is intended to provide for the signing of a checksum
   listing with a specific set of Internet Number Resources.

   Signed Checklists are expected to facilitate inter-domain business
   use-cases which depend on an ability to verify resource holdership.
   RPKI-based validation processes are expected to become the industry
   norm for automated Bring Your Own IP (BYOIP) on-boarding or
   establishment of physical interconnection between Autonomous Systems.

   The RSC concept borrows heavily from RTA [I-D.ietf-sidrops-rpki-rta],
   Manifests [RFC6486], and OpenBSD's [signify] utility.  The main
   difference between RSC and RTA is that the RTA profile allows
   multiple signers to attest a single digital object through a checksum
   of its content, while the RSC profile allows a single signer to
   attest the existence of multiple digital objects.  A single signer
   profile is considered a simplification for both implementers and
   operators.

2.  RSC Profile and Distribution

   RSC follows the Signed Object Template for the RPKI [RFC6488] with
   one exception.  Because RSCs MUST NOT be distributed through the
   global RPKI Repository system, the Subject Information Access (SIA)
   extension MUST be omitted from the RSC's X.509 End-Entity (EE)
   certificate.

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   What constitutes suitable transport for RSC files is deliberately
   unspecified.  It might be a USB stick, a web interface secured with
   conventional HTTPS, PGP-signed email, a T-shirt printed with a QR
   code, or a carrier pigeon.

2.1.  RSC End-Entity Certificates

   The CA MUST only sign one RSC with each EE Certificate, and MUST
   generate a new key pair for each new RSC.  This form of use of the
   associated EE Certificate is termed a "one-time-use" EE certificate
   Section 3 of [RFC6487].

3.  The RSC ContentType

   The ContentType for an RSC is defined as rpkiSignedChecklist, and has
   the numerical value of 1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.48.

   This OID MUST appear both within the eContentType in the
   encapContentInfo object as well as the ContentType signed attribute
   in the signerInfo object (see [RFC6488]).

4.  The RSC eContent

   The content of an RSC indicates that a checklist for arbitrary
   digital objects has been signed "with resources".  An RSC is formally
   defined as:

   RpkiSignedChecklist-2022
     { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
       pkcs(1) pkcs9(9) smime(16) mod(0) TBD }

   DEFINITIONS EXPLICIT TAGS ::=
   BEGIN

   IMPORTS
     CONTENT-TYPE, Digest, DigestAlgorithmIdentifier
     FROM CryptographicMessageSyntax-2010 -- in [RFC6268]
       { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1)
         pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0) id-mod-cms-2009(58) }

     IPAddressOrRange, ASIdOrRange
     FROM IPAddrAndASCertExtn -- in [RFC3779]
       { iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
         security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) mod(0)
         id-mod-ip-addr-and-as-ident(30) } ;

   ct-rpkiSignedChecklist CONTENT-TYPE ::=
       { TYPE RpkiSignedChecklist IDENTIFIED BY

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         id-ct-signedChecklist }

   id-ct-signedChecklist OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::=
       { iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1)
         pkcs-9(9) id-smime(16) id-ct(1) 48 }

   RpkiSignedChecklist ::= SEQUENCE {
     version  [0]          INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
     resources             ResourceBlock,
     digestAlgorithm       DigestAlgorithmIdentifier,
     checkList             SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..MAX)) OF FileNameAndHash }

   FileNameAndHash ::= SEQUENCE {
     fileName        PortableFilename OPTIONAL,
     hash            Digest }

   PortableFilename ::= IA5String (FROM("a".."z" | "A".."Z" | "0".."9" | "." | "_" | "-"))

   ResourceBlock ::= SEQUENCE {
     asID         [0]       ConstrainedASIdentifiers OPTIONAL,
     ipAddrBlocks [1]       ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks OPTIONAL }
     -- at least one of asID or ipAddrBlocks MUST be present
     ( WITH COMPONENTS { ..., asID PRESENT} |
       WITH COMPONENTS { ..., ipAddrBlocks PRESENT } )

   ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks     ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..MAX)) OF ConstrainedIPAddressFamily

   ConstrainedIPAddressFamily   ::= SEQUENCE {
     addressFamily        OCTET STRING (SIZE(2)),
     addressesOrRanges    SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..MAX)) OF IPAddressOrRange }

   ConstrainedASIdentifiers    ::= SEQUENCE {
     asnum               [0] SEQUENCE (SIZE(1..MAX)) OF ASIdOrRange }

   END

4.1.  version

   The version number of the RpkiSignedChecklist MUST be 0.

4.2.  resources

   The resources contained here are the resources used to mark the
   attestation, and MUST be a subset of the set of resources listed by
   the EE Certificate carried in the CMS certificates field.

   If the asID field is present, it MUST contain an instance of
   ConstrainedASIdentifiers.

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   If the ipAddrBlocks field is present, it MUST contain an instance of
   ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks.

   Each of ConstrainedASIdentifiers and ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks are
   specified such that the resulting DER-encoded data instances are
   binary compatible with, respectively, ASIdentifiers and IPAddrBlocks
   defined in [RFC3779].

   Implementations encountering decoding errors whilst attempting to
   read DER-encoded data using this specification SHOULD be aware of the
   possibility that the data may have been encoded using an
   implementation intended for use with [RFC3779].  Such data may
   contain elements prohibited by the current specification.

   Attempting to decode the errored data using the more permissive
   specification conatained in [RFC3779] may enable implementors to
   gather additional context for use when reporting errors to the user.

   However, implementations MUST NOT ignore errors resulting from the
   more restrictive definitions contained herein: in particular, such
   errors MUST cause the validation procedure described in Section 5 to
   fail.

4.2.1.  ConstrainedASIdentifiers type

   ConstrainedASIdentifiers is a SEQUENCE, constisting of a single field
   "asnum", itself containing a SEQUENCE OF one or more ASIdOrRange
   instances as defined in [RFC3779].

   ConstrainedASIdentifiers is defined such that the resulting DER-
   encoded data are binary compatible with ASIdentifiers defined in
   [RFC3779].

4.2.2.  ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks type

   ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks is a SEQUENCE OF one or more instances of
   ConstrainedIPAddressFamily.

   There MUST be only one instance of ConstrainedIPAddressFamily per
   unique AFI.

   The elements of ConstrainedIPAddressFamily MUST be ordered by
   ascending addressFamily values (treating the octets as unsigned
   numbers).  Thus, when both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses are specified, the
   IPv4 addresses MUST precede the IPv6 addresses (since the IPv4 AFI of
   0001 is less than the IPv6 AFI of 0002).

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   ConstrainedIPAddrBlocks is defined such that the resulting DER-
   encoded data are binary compatible with IPAddrBlocks defined in
   [RFC3779].

4.2.2.1.  ConstrainedIPAddressFamily type

4.2.2.1.1.  addressFamily field

   The addressFamily field is an OCTET STRING containing a two-octet
   Address Family Identifier (AFI), in network byte order.  Unlike
   IPAddrBlocks [RFC3779], a third octet containing a SAFI MUST NOT be
   present.  AFIs are specified in [ADDRESS-FAMILY-NUMBERS].

4.2.2.1.2.  addressesOrRanges field

   The addressesOrRanges element is a SEQUENCE OF one or more
   IPAddressOrRange values, as defined in [RFC3779].  The rules for
   canonicalization and encoding defined in Section 2.2.3.6 of [RFC3779]
   apply to the value of addressesOrRanges.

4.3.  digestAlgorithm

   The digest algorithm used to create the message digest of the
   attested digital object.  This algorithm MUST be a hashing algorithm
   defined in [RFC7935].

4.4.  checkList

   This field is a SEQUENCE OF one or more FileNameAndHash values.
   There is one FileNameAndHash entry for each digital object referenced
   on the Signed Checklist.

4.4.1.  FileNameAndHash

   Each FileNameAndHash is an ordered pair of the name of the directory
   entry containing the digital object and the message digest of the
   digital object.

   The fileName field is OPTIONAL.  This is to allow Signed Checklists
   to be used in a "stand-alone" fashion in which nameless digital
   objects are addressed directly through their respective message
   digest rather than through a file system abstraction.

   If the fileName field is present then its value:

   *  MUST contain only characters specified in the Portable Filename
      Character Set as defined in [POSIX].

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   *  MUST be unique with respect to the other FileNameAndHash elements
      of checkList for which the fileName field is also present.

   Conversely, if the fileName field is omitted, then the value of the
   hash field MUST be unique with respect to the other FileNameAndHash
   elements of checkList for which the fileName field is also omitted.

5.  RSC Validation

   Before a Relying Party can use an RSC to validate a set of digital
   objects, the Relying Party MUST first validate the RSC.  To validate
   an RSC, the Relying Party MUST perform all the validation checks
   specified in [RFC6488] (except checking for the presence of a SIA
   extension, which MUST NOT be present in the EE X.509 certificate
   Section 4.8.8.2 of [RFC6487]), and perform the following additional
   RSC-specific validation steps:

   1.  The contents of the CMS eContent field MUST conform to the
       constraints described in Section 4.  In particular, for each
       FileNameAndHash element in the checkList field, its contents MUST
       conform to the constraints described in Section 4.4.1.

   2.  If the asID field is present within the contents of the resources
       field, then the AS Resources extension [RFC3779] MUST be present
       in the EE certificate contained in the CMS certificates field.
       The AS identifiers present in the resources field MUST be a
       subset of those present in the certificate extension.

   3.  If the ipAddrBlocks field is present within the contents of the
       resources field, then the IP Resources extension [RFC3779] MUST
       be present in the EE certificate contained in the CMS
       certificates field.  The IP address resources present in the
       resources field MUST be a subset of those present in the
       certificate extension.

6.  Verifying files or data using RSC

   To verify a set of digital objects with an RSC:

   *  The RSC MUST be validated acording to the procedure described in
      Section 5.  If the RSC cannot be validated, verification MUST fail
      and the error SHOULD be reported to the user.

   *  For every digital object to be verified:

      1.  If the verification procedure is provided with a file name for
          the object being verified (e.g. because the user has provided
          a file system path from which to read the object) then

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          verification SHOULD proceed in "filename-aware" mode.
          Otherwise, verification SHOULD proceed in "filename-unaware"
          mode.

          Implementations MAY provide an option to override the
          verification mode, for example to ignore the fact that the
          object is to be read from a file.

      2.  The message digest MUST be computed from the file contents or
          data using the digest algorithm specified in the
          digestAlgorithm field of the RSC.

      3.  The digest computed in step 2 MUST be compared to the value
          appearing in the hash field of all FileNameAndHash elements of
          the checkList field of the RSC.

          One or more FileNameAndHash elements MUST be found with a
          matching hash value, otherwise verification MUST fail and the
          error SHOULD be reported to the user.

      4.  If the mode selected in step 1 is "filename-aware" then
          exactly one of the FileNameAndHash elements matched in step 3
          MUST contain a fileName field value exactly matching the file
          name of the object being verified.

          Alternatively, if the mode selected in step 1 is "filename-
          unaware" then exactly one of the FileNameAndHash elements
          matched in step 3 MUST have the fileName field omitted.

          Otherwise, verification MUST fail, and the error SHOULD be
          reported to the user.

   Note that in the above procedure, not all elements of checkList
   necessarily need be used.  That is, it is not an error if the length
   of checkList is greater than the size of the set of digital objects
   to be verified.  However, in this situation, implementations SHOULD
   issue a warning to the user, allowing for corrective action to be
   taken if necessary.

7.  Operational Considerations

   When creating digital objects of a plain-text nature (such as ASCII,
   UTF-8, HTML, Javascript, XML, etc) it is RECOMMENDED to convert such
   objects into a lossless compressed form.  Distributing plain-text
   objects within a compression envelope (such as GZIP [RFC1952]) might
   help avoid unexpected canonicalization at intermediate systems (which
   in turn would lead to checksum verification errors).  Validator
   implementations are expected to treat a checksummed digital object as

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   string of arbitrary single octets.

   If a fileName field is present, but no referenced digital object has
   a filename that matches the content of that field, a validator
   implementation SHOULD compare the message digest of each digital
   object to the value from the hash field of the associated
   FileNameAndHash, and report matches to the client for further
   consideration.

8.  Security Considerations

   Relying parties are hereby warned that the data in a RPKI Signed
   Checklist is self-asserted.  When determining the meaning of any data
   contained in an RPKI Signed Checklist, Relying Parties MUST NOT make
   any assumptions about the signer beyond the fact that it had
   sufficient control of the issuing CA to create the object.  These
   data have not been verified by the Certificate Authority (CA) that
   issued the CA certificate to the entity that issued the EE
   Certificate used to validate the Signed Checklist.

   RPKI Certificates are not bound to real world identities, see
   [I-D.ymbk-sidrops-rpki-has-no-identity] for an elaboration.  Relying
   Parties can only associate real world entities to Internet Number
   Resources by additionally consulting an exogenous authority.  Signed
   Checklists are a tool to communicate assertions 'signed with Internet
   Number Resources', not about any other aspect of the resource
   holder's business operations such as the identity of the resource
   holder itself.

   RSC objects are not distributed through the RPKI Repository system.
   From this, it follows that third parties who do not have a copy of a
   given RSC, may not be aware of the existence of that RSC.  Since RSC
   objects use EE Certificates, but all other currently defined types of
   RPKI object profiles are published in public CA repositories, an
   observer may infer from discrepancies in the Repository that RSC
   object(s) may exist.  For example, if a CA does not use random serial
   numbers for Certificates, an observer could detect gaps between the
   serial numbers of the published EE Certificates.  Similarly, if the
   CA includes a serial number on a CRL that does not match any
   published object, an observer could postulate an RSC EE Certificate
   was revoked.

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   Conversely, a gap in serial numbers does not imply that an RSC
   exists.  Nor does an arbitrary (to the RP unknown) serial in a CRL
   imply an RSC object exists: the implicitly referenced object might
   not be a RSC, it might never have been published, or was revoked
   before it was visible to RPs.  In general, it is not possible to
   confidently infer the existence or non-existence of RSCs from the
   Repository state without access to a given RSC.

   While an one-time-use EE Certificate must only be used to generate
   and sign a single RSC object, CAs technically are not restricted from
   generating and signing multiple different RSC objects with a single
   keypair.  Any RSC objects sharing the same EE Certificate can not be
   revoked individually.

9.  Implementation status

   This section is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

   This section records the status of known implementations of the
   protocol defined by this specification at the time of posting of this
   Internet-Draft, and is based on a proposal described in RFC 7942.
   The description of implementations in this section is intended to
   assist the IETF in its decision processes in progressing drafts to
   RFCs.  Please note that the listing of any individual implementation
   here does not imply endorsement by the IETF.  Furthermore, no effort
   has been spent to verify the information presented here that was
   supplied by IETF contributors.  This is not intended as, and must not
   be construed to be, a catalog of available implementations or their
   features.  Readers are advised to note that other implementations may
   exist.

   According to RFC 7942, "this will allow reviewers and working groups
   to assign due consideration to documents that have the benefit of
   running code, which may serve as evidence of valuable experimentation
   and feedback that have made the implemented protocols more mature.
   It is up to the individual working groups to use this information as
   they see fit".

   *  A signer and validator implementation [rpki-rsc-demo] written in
      Perl based on OpenSSL was provided by Tom Harrison from APNIC.

   *  A signer implementation [rpkimancer] written in Python was
      developed by Ben Maddison.

   *  Example .sig files were created by Job Snijders with the use of
      OpenSSL.

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   *  A validator implementation based on OpenBSD rpki-client and
      LibreSSL was developed by Job Snijders.

   *  A validator implementation [FORT] based on the FORT validator was
      developed by Alberto Leiva for a previous version of this
      specification.

10.  IANA Considerations

10.1.  SMI Security for S/MIME CMS Content Type
       (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1)

   The IANA has permanently allocated for this document in the SMI
   Security for S/MIME CMS Content Type (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1)
   registry:

   Decimal   Description             References
   ---------------------------------------------------------------
     48      id-ct-signedChecklist   [draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc]

   Upon publication of this document, IANA is requested to reference the
   RFC publication instead of this draft.

10.2.  RPKI Signed Objects sub-registry

   The IANA is requested to register the OID for the RPKI Signed
   Checklist in the registry created by [RFC6488] as following:

Name              OID                         Specification
-------------------------------------------------------------
Signed Checklist  1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.48  [draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc]

10.3.  File Extension

   The IANA is requested to add an item for the Signed Checklist file
   extension to the "RPKI Repository Name Scheme" registry created by
   [RFC6481] as follows:

   Filename Extension  RPKI Object       Reference
   -------------------------------------------------------------------
          .sig         Signed Checklist  [draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc]

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10.4.  SMI Security for S/MIME Module Identifier
       (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.0)

   The IANA is requested to add an item to the "SMI Security for S/MIME
   Module Identifier" registry as follows:

 Decimal  Description                      References
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
     TBD  id-mod-rpkiSignedChecklist-2021  [draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rsc]

10.5.  Media Type

   The IANA is requested to register the media type application/rpki-
   checklist in the Provisional Standard Media Type registry as follows:

      Type name: application
      Subtype name: rpki-checklist
      Required parameters: None
      Optional parameters: None
      Encoding considerations: binary
      Security considerations: Carries an RPKI Signed Checklist
                               [RFC-TBD].
      Interoperability considerations: None
      Published specification: This document.
      Applications that use this media type: RPKI operators.
      Additional information:
        Content: This media type is a signed object, as defined
            in [RFC6488], which contains a payload of a list of
            checksums as defined above in this document.
        Magic number(s): None
        File extension(s): .sig
        Macintosh file type code(s):
      Person & email address to contact for further information:
        Job Snijders <job@fastly.com>
      Intended usage: COMMON
      Restrictions on usage: None
      Author: Job Snijders <job@fastly.com>
      Change controller: Job Snijders <job@fastly.com>

11.  References

11.1.  Normative References

   [ADDRESS-FAMILY-NUMBERS]
              IANA, "Address Family Numbers", 19 October 2021,
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/address-family-numbers>.

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   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3779]  Lynn, C., Kent, S., and K. Seo, "X.509 Extensions for IP
              Addresses and AS Identifiers", RFC 3779,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3779, June 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3779>.

   [RFC5652]  Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS)", STD 70,
              RFC 5652, DOI 10.17487/RFC5652, September 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5652>.

   [RFC6481]  Huston, G., Loomans, R., and G. Michaelson, "A Profile for
              Resource Certificate Repository Structure", RFC 6481,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6481, February 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6481>.

   [RFC6486]  Austein, R., Huston, G., Kent, S., and M. Lepinski,
              "Manifests for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
              (RPKI)", RFC 6486, DOI 10.17487/RFC6486, February 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6486>.

   [RFC6487]  Huston, G., Michaelson, G., and R. Loomans, "A Profile for
              X.509 PKIX Resource Certificates", RFC 6487,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6487, February 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6487>.

   [RFC6488]  Lepinski, M., Chi, A., and S. Kent, "Signed Object
              Template for the Resource Public Key Infrastructure
              (RPKI)", RFC 6488, DOI 10.17487/RFC6488, February 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6488>.

   [RFC7935]  Huston, G. and G. Michaelson, Ed., "The Profile for
              Algorithms and Key Sizes for Use in the Resource Public
              Key Infrastructure", RFC 7935, DOI 10.17487/RFC7935,
              August 2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7935>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.

11.2.  Informative References

   [FORT]     LACNIC and NIC.MX, "FORT", May 2021,
              <https://github.com/NICMx/FORT-validator>.

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   [I-D.ietf-sidrops-rpki-rta]
              Michaelson, G., Huston, G., Harrison, T., Bruijnzeels, T.,
              and M. Hoffmann, "A profile for Resource Tagged
              Attestations (RTAs)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
              draft-ietf-sidrops-rpki-rta-00, 21 January 2021,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-sidrops-
              rpki-rta-00>.

   [I-D.ymbk-sidrops-rpki-has-no-identity]
              Bush, R. and R. Housley, "The I in RPKI does not stand for
              Identity", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ymbk-
              sidrops-rpki-has-no-identity-00, 16 March 2021,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ymbk-sidrops-
              rpki-has-no-identity-00>.

   [POSIX]    IEEE and The Open Group, "The Open Group's Base
              Specifications, Issue 7", 2016,
              <https://publications.opengroup.org/standards/unix/c165>.

   [RFC1952]  Deutsch, P., "GZIP file format specification version 4.3",
              RFC 1952, DOI 10.17487/RFC1952, May 1996,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1952>.

   [RFC6480]  Lepinski, M. and S. Kent, "An Infrastructure to Support
              Secure Internet Routing", RFC 6480, DOI 10.17487/RFC6480,
              February 2012, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6480>.

   [rpki-rsc-demo]
              Harrison, T., "A proof-of-concept for constructing and
              validating RPKI Signed Checklists (RSCs).", February 2021,
              <https://github.com/APNIC-net/rpki-rsc-demo>.

   [rpkimancer]
              Maddison, B., "rpkimancer", May 2021,
              <https://github.com/benmaddison/rpkimancer>.

   [signify]  Unangst, T. and M. Espie, "signify - cryptographically
              sign and verify files", May 2014,
              <https://man.openbsd.org/signify>.

Appendix A.  Acknowledgements

   The authors wish to thank George Michaelson, Geoff Huston, Randy
   Bush, Stephen Kent, Matt Lepinski, Rob Austein, Ted Unangst, and Marc
   Espie for prior art.  The authors thank Russ Housley for reviewing
   the ASN.1 notation and providing suggestions.  The authors would like
   to thank Nimrod Levy, Tim Bruijnzeels, Alberto Leiva, Ties de Kock,
   Peter Peele, Claudio Jeker, and Theo Buehler for document review and

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   suggestions.

Appendix B.  Document changelog

   This section is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

B.1.  changes from -07 -> -08

   *  Theo requested explanation as to why fileName is OPTIONAL

   *  Russ & Randy requested implementor guidance when RFC3779-generated
      data fails to decode

   *  Added uniqueness constraints for fileName and hash contents

   *  Improved validation and verification procedure description

   *  Incorporated character-set constraints for fileName in ASN.1
      module

B.2.  changes from -06 -> -07

   *  Change wire format to allow use of commonly deployed libcrypto
      APIs.

B.3.  changes from -05 -> -06

   *  Non-content-related updates.

B.4.  changes from -04 -> -05

   *  Ties contributed clarifications.

B.5.  changes from -03 -> -04

   *  Alberto pointed out the asID validation also needs to be
      documented.

B.6.  changes from -02 -> -03

   *  Reference the IANA assigned OID

   *  Clarify validation rules

B.7.  changes from -01 -> -02

   *  Clarify RSC is part of a puzzle, not panacea.  Thanks Randy &
      Russ.

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B.8.  changes from -00 -> -01

   *  Readability improvements

   *  Update document category to match the registry allocation policy
      requirement.

B.9.  individual submission phase

   *  On-the-wire change: the 'Filename' switched from 'required' to
      'optional'.  Some SIDROPS Working Group participants proposed a
      checksum itself is the most minimal information required to
      address digital objects.

Authors' Addresses

   Job Snijders
   Fastly
   Amsterdam
   Netherlands
   Email: job@fastly.com

   Tom Harrison
   Asia Pacific Network Information Centre
   6 Cordelia St
   South Brisbane QLD 4101
   Australia
   Email: tomh@apnic.net

   Ben Maddison
   Workonline Communications
   Cape Town
   South Africa
   Email: benm@workonline.africa

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