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Definitions of Managed Objects for MAP-E
draft-ietf-softwire-map-mib-10

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 8389.
Authors Yu Fu , Sheng Jiang , Bing Liu , Jiang Dong , Yuchi Chen
Last updated 2017-09-15
Replaces draft-fu-softwire-map-mib
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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Stream WG state WG Document
Document shepherd Yong Cui
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Send notices to "Yong Cui" <cuiyong@tsinghua.edu.cn>
draft-ietf-softwire-map-mib-10
Internet Engineering Task Force                                    Y. Fu
Internet-Draft                                                     CNNIC
Intended status: Standards Track                                S. Jiang
Expires: March 19, 2018                                           B. Liu
                                            Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
                                                                 J. Dong
                                                                 Y. Chen
                                                     Tsinghua University
                                                      September 15, 2017

                Definitions of Managed Objects for MAP-E
                     draft-ietf-softwire-map-mib-10

Abstract

   This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB)
   for using with network management protocols in the Internet
   community.  In particular, it defines managed objects for MAP
   encapsulation (MAP-E) mode.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on March 19, 2018.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect

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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  The Internet-Standard Management Framework  . . . . . . . . .   2
   3.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   4.  Structure of the MIB Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     4.1.  The mapMIBObjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
       4.1.1.  The mapRule Subtree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
       4.1.2.  The mapSecurityCheck Subtree  . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     4.2.  The mapMIBConformance Subtree . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   5.  Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   8.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
     9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15

1.  Introduction

   Mapping of Address and Port with Encapsulation (MAP-E) [RFC7597] is a
   stateless mechanism for running IPv4 over IPv6-only infrastructure.
   In particular, it includes two mode, translation mode or
   encapsulation mode.  For the encapsulation mode, it provides an
   automatic tunnelling mechanism for providing IPv4 connectivity
   service to end users over a service provider's IPv6 network

   This document defines a portion of the Management Information Base
   (MIB) for use with network management protocols in the Internet
   community.  This MIB module would be used for monitoring the devices
   in the MAP scenario, especially, for the encapsulation mode.

2.  The Internet-Standard Management Framework

   For a detailed overview of the documents that describe the current
   Internet-Standard Management Framework, please refer to section 7 of
   [RFC3410].

   Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store, termed
   the Management Information Base or MIB.  MIB objects are generally
   accessed through the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).
   Objects in the MIB are defined using the mechanisms defined in the

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   Structure of Management Information (SMI).  This memo specifies a MIB
   module that is compliant to the SMIv2, which is described in
   [RFC2578], [RFC2579] and [RFC2580].

3.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   [RFC2119].

4.  Structure of the MIB Module

   The MAP-E MIB provides a way to manage and monitor the MAP devices in
   MAP encapsulation mode through SNMP.

   MAP-E MIB is configurable on a per-interface basis.  It depends on
   several parts of the IF-MIB[RFC2863].

4.1.  The mapMIBObjects

4.1.1.  The mapRule Subtree

   The mapRule subtree describes managed objects used for managing the
   multiple mapping rules in the MAP encapsulation mode.

   According to the MAP specification[RFC7597], the mapping rules are
   divided into two categories, which are Basic Mapping Rule (BMR), and
   Forwarding Mapping Rule (FMR).

4.1.2.  The mapSecurityCheck Subtree

   The mapSecurityCheck subtree is to statistic the number of invalid
   packets that have been identified.  There are two kind of invalid
   packets which are defined in the MAP specification [RFC7597]as below.

   - The Border Relay (BR) will perform a validation of the consistency
   of the source IPv6 address and destination IPv6 address for the
   packet using Basic Mapping Rule (BMR).

   - The Map node (CE and BR) will check that the received packets'
   source IPv4 address and port is in the range derived from the
   matching MAP Rule.

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4.2.  The mapMIBConformance Subtree

   The mapMIBConformance subtree provides conformance information of MIB
   objects.

5.  Definitions

  The following MIB module imports definitions from [RFC2578],
  [RFC2579],[RFC2580],[RFC2863], and [RFC4001].

   MAP-E-MIB DEFINITIONS  ::=  BEGIN

   IMPORTS
      MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, mib-2,
      Unsigned32, Counter64
         FROM SNMPv2-SMI                 --RFC2578
      TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
         FROM SNMPv2-TC                  --RFC2579
      ifIndex
         FROM IF-MIB                     --RFC2863
      InetAddressIPv6, InetAddressIPv4,
      InetAddressPrefixLength
         FROM INET-ADDRESS-MIB           --RFC4001
      OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE
         FROM SNMPv2-CONF;               --RFC2580

   mapMIB MODULE-IDENTITY
   LAST-UPDATED "201709150000Z"
   ORGANIZATION
      "IETF Softwire Working Group"
   CONTACT-INFO
      "Yu Fu
       CNNIC
       No.4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun
       Beijing, P.R. China 100190
       EMail: fuyu@cnnic.cn

       Sheng Jiang
       Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
       Huawei Building, 156 Beiqing Rd., Hai-Dian District
       Beijing, P.R. China 100095
       EMail: jiangsheng@huawei.com

       Bing Liu
       Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
       Huawei Building, 156 Beiqing Rd., Hai-Dian District
       Beijing, P.R. China 100095

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       EMail: leo.liubing@huawei.com

       Jiang Dong
       Tsinghua University
       Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University
       Beijing  100084
       P.R. China
       Email: knight.dongjiang@gmail.com

       Yuchi Chen
       Tsinghua University
       Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University
       Beijing  100084
       P.R. China
       Email: chenycmx@gmail.com"

   DESCRIPTION
      "The MIB module is defined for management of objects in the
       MAP-E BRs or CEs."
   REVISION    "201709150000Z"
   DESCRIPTION
     "Initial version. Published as RFC xxxx."
   --RFC Ed.: RFC-edtitor pls fill in xxxx
    ::=  {  mib-2 xxx  }
   --xxx to be replaced withIANA-assigned value

   mapMIBObjects OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {mapMIB 1}

   mapRule   OBJECT IDENTIFIER
      ::=  { mapMIBObjects 1 }

   mapSecurityCheck   OBJECT IDENTIFIER
      ::=  { mapMIBObjects 2 }

   -- ==============================================================
   -- Textual Conventions used in this MIB module
   -- ==============================================================

   RulePSID ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
      DISPLAY-HINT "0x:"
      STATUS       current
      DESCRIPTION
          "It represents the PSID represented in the hexadecimal version
           so as to display it more clearly."
      SYNTAX       OCTET STRING (SIZE (2))

   RuleType ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
      STATUS       current

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      DESCRIPTION
         "This enumeration provides the type of the mapping rule. It
          defines tree types of mapping rules here:
          bmr: Basic Mapping Rule (Not Forwarding Mapping Rule),
          fmr: Forwarding Mapping Rule (Not Basic Mapping Rule),
          bmrAndfmr: Basic and Forwarding Mapping Rule. The Basic
          Mapping Rule may also be a Forwarding Mapping Rule for
          mesh mode."
      REFERENCE   "bmr, fmr: section 5 of RFC 7597.
                   bmrAndfmr: section 5 of RFC 7597,section 4.1 of RFC
                   7598."
      SYNTAX       INTEGER {
          bmr(1),
          fmr(2),
          bmrAndfmr(3)
          }

   mapRuleTable OBJECT-TYPE
      SYNTAX     SEQUENCE OF MapRuleEntry
      MAX-ACCESS  not-accessible
      STATUS     current
      DESCRIPTION
         "The (conceptual) table containing rule Information of
          specific mapping rule. It can also be used for row
          creation."
      ::=  { mapRule 1 }

   mapRuleEntry OBJECT-TYPE
      SYNTAX     MapRuleEntry
      MAX-ACCESS  not-accessible
      STATUS     current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Each entry in this table contains the information on a
          particular mapping rule."
          INDEX   { mapRuleID }
      ::=  { mapRuleTable 1 }

   MapRuleEntry  ::=
      SEQUENCE {
       mapRuleID                   Unsigned32,
       mapRuleIPv6Prefix           InetAddressIPv6,
       mapRuleIPv6PrefixLen        InetAddressPrefixLength,
       mapRuleIPv4Prefix           InetAddressIPv4,
       mapRuleIPv4PrefixLen        InetAddressPrefixLength,
       mapRuleBRIPv6Address        InetAddressIPv6,
       mapRulePSID                 RulePSID,
       mapRulePSIDLen              Unsigned32,

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       mapRuleOffset               Unsigned32,
       mapRuleEALen                Unsigned32,
       mapRuleType                 RuleType
   }

   mapRuleID OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX Unsigned32 (1..4294967295)
       MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
       STATUS current
       DESCRIPTION
          "A unique identifier used to distinguish mapping
           rules."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 1 }

  -- The object mapRuleIPv6Prefix is IPv6 specific and hence it does
  -- not use the version agnostic InetAddress.

  mapRuleIPv6Prefix OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     InetAddressIPv6
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The IPv6 prefix defined in mapping rule which will be
           assigned to CE. The address type is given by
           mapRuleIPv6PrefixType."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 2 }

   mapRuleIPv6PrefixLen OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     InetAddressPrefixLength
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The length of the IPv6 prefix defined in the mapping rule.
           As a parameter for mapping rule, it will be also assigned
           to CE."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 3 }

  -- The object mapRuleIPv4Prefix is IPv4 specific and hence it does
  -- not use the version agnostic InetAddress.

   mapRuleIPv4Prefix OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     InetAddressIPv4
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          " The IPv4 prefix defined in mapping rule which will be
            assigned to CE. The address type is given by
            mapRuleIPv4PrefixType."

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       ::= { mapRuleEntry 4 }

   mapRuleIPv4PrefixLen OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     InetAddressPrefixLength
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The length of the IPv4 prefix defined in the mapping
           rule. As a parameter for mapping rule, it will be also
           assigned to CE."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 5 }

  -- The object mapRuleBRIPv6Address is IPv6 specific and hence it does
  -- not use the version agnostic InetAddress.

   mapRuleBRIPv6Address OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     InetAddressIPv6
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The IPv6 address of the BR which will be
           conveyed to CE. If the BR IPv6 address is anycast, the
           relay must use this anycast IPv6 address as the source
           address in packets relayed to CEs."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 6 }

    mapRulePSID  OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     RulePSID
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The PSID value algorithmically identifies a set of
           ports assigned to a CE."
       REFERENCE
            "PSID: section 5.1 of RFC 7597."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 7 }

   mapRulePSIDLen  OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     Unsigned32(0..16)
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The bit length value of the number of significant bits in
           the PSID field. When it is set to 0, the PSID
           field is to be ignored."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 8 }

   mapRuleOffset OBJECT-TYPE

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       SYNTAX     Unsigned32(0..15)
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The number of the mapRuleOffset is 6 by default as to
           exclude the System ports (0-1023). It is provided via
           the Rule Port Mapping Parameters in the Basic Mapping
           Rule."
       DEFVAL {6}
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 9 }

   mapRuleEALen OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     Unsigned32(0..48)
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The length of the Embedded-Address (EA) defined in
           mapping rule which will be assigned to CE."
      REFERENCE
            "EA: section 3 of RFC 7597."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 10 }

  mapRuleType OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     RuleType
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "It represents the type of the mapping rule. The value of
           1 means it is a bmr, the value 2 means it is a fmr, the
           value 3 means that the bmr is also a fmr for mesh mode."
        REFERENCE
            "bmr, fmr: section 5 of RFC 7597.
             bmrAndfmr: section 5 of RFC 7597,section 4.1 of RFC 7598."
       ::= { mapRuleEntry 11 }

   mapSecurityCheckTable OBJECT-TYPE
      SYNTAX     SEQUENCE OF MapSecurityCheckEntry
      MAX-ACCESS  not-accessible
      STATUS     current
      DESCRIPTION
         "The (conceptual) table containing information on
          MAP security checks. This table can be used to statistic
          the number of invalid packets that been identified."
      ::=  { mapSecurityCheck 1 }

   mapSecurityCheckEntry OBJECT-TYPE

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      SYNTAX     MapSecurityCheckEntry
      MAX-ACCESS  not-accessible
      STATUS     current
      DESCRIPTION
         "Each entry in this table contains the information on a
          particular MAP SecurityCheck."
          INDEX   { ifIndex }
      ::=  { mapSecurityCheckTable 1 }

   MapSecurityCheckEntry  ::=
      SEQUENCE {
       mapSecurityCheckInvalidv4       Counter64,
       mapSecurityCheckInvalidv6       Counter64
   }

   mapSecurityCheckInvalidv4 OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     Counter64
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The Map node (CE and BR) will check that the received
           packets'source IPv4 address and port is in the range
           derived from matching MAP Rule.So this object indicate
           the number of the invalid IPv4 packets received by the
           MAP domain."
       ::= { mapSecurityCheckEntry 1 }

   mapSecurityCheckInvalidv6 OBJECT-TYPE
       SYNTAX     Counter64
       MAX-ACCESS read-only
       STATUS     current
       DESCRIPTION
          "The BR will perform a validation of the consistency
           of the source IPv6 address and destination IPv6 address
           for the packet using Basic Mapping Rule (BMR). So this
           object indicate the number of the invalid IPv6 packets
           received by the BR."
       ::= { mapSecurityCheckEntry 2 }

   -- Conformance Information
   mapMIBConformance OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= {mapMIB 2}
   mapMIBCompliances OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mapMIBConformance 1 }
   mapMIBGroups OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { mapMIBConformance 2 }

   -- compliance statements
   mapMIBCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
      STATUS current
      DESCRIPTION

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         " Describes the minimal requirements for conformance
           to the MAP-E MIB."
      MODULE -- this module
          MANDATORY-GROUPS { mapMIBRuleGroup , mapMIBSecurityGroup }
     ::= { mapMIBCompliances 1 }

   -- Units of Conformance
   mapMIBRuleGroup OBJECT-GROUP
      OBJECTS {
              mapRuleIPv6Prefix,
              mapRuleIPv6PrefixLen,
              mapRuleIPv4Prefix,
              mapRuleIPv4PrefixLen,
              mapRuleBRIPv6Address,
              mapRulePSID,
              mapRulePSIDLen,
              mapRuleOffset,
              mapRuleEALen,
              mapRuleType  }
      STATUS current
      DESCRIPTION
         " The collection of this objects are used to give the
          information of mapping rules in MAP-E."
      ::= { mapMIBGroups 1 }

  mapMIBSecurityGroup OBJECT-GROUP
     OBJECTS {
        mapSecurityCheckInvalidv4,
        mapSecurityCheckInvalidv6 }
    STATUS current
    DESCRIPTION
    " The collection of this objects are used to give the
    information on MAP security checks."
    ::= { mapMIBGroups 2 }

    END

6.  IANA Considerations

   The MIB module in this document uses the following IANA-assigned
   OBJECT IDENTIFIER values recorded in the SMI Numbers registry:

         Descriptor        OBJECT IDENTIFIER value
         ----------        -----------------------
         MAP-E-MIB          { mib-2 XXX }

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7.  Security Considerations

   There are no management objects defined in this MIB module that have
   a MAX-ACCESS clause of read-write and/or read-create.  So, if this
   MIB module is implemented correctly, then there is no risk that an
   intruder can alter or create any management objects of this MIB
   module via direct SNMP SET operations.

   Some of the readable objects in this MIB module (i.e., objects with a
   MAX-ACCESS other than not-accessible) may be considered sensitive or
   vulnerable in some network environments.  It is thus important to
   control even GET and/or NOTIFY access to these objects and possibly
   to even encrypt the values of these objects when sending them over
   the network via SNMP.

   The following objects are vulnerable in the sense that when an
   intruder sees the information in this MIB module, then it might help
   him/her to set up an attack on the MAP node.  Objects that reveal
   rule information of the MAP Domain: Various objects can reveal the
   rule information of the map domain.  A curious outsider could monitor
   these to assess the number of rules and the IPv6 prefix performed in
   this domain.  Futher, an intruder could use the information to guess
   the address-sharing ratios of the ISPs.  These are the objects and
   their sensitivity/ vulnerability:

      mapRuleIPv6Prefix

      mapRuleIPv6PrefixLen

      mapRuleIPv4Prefix

      mapRuleIPv4PrefixLen

      mapRuleBRIPv6Address

      mapRulePSID

      mapRulePSIDLen

      mapRuleOffset

      mapRuleEALen

      mapRuleType

   SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 did not include adequate security.
   Even if the network itself is secure (for example by using IPSec),
   even then, there is no control as to who on the secure network is

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   allowed to access and GET/SET (read/change/create/delete) the objects
   in this MIB module.

   Implementations SHOULD provide the security features described by the
   SNMPv3 framework (see [RFC3410]), and implementations claiming
   compliance to the SNMPv3 standard MUST include full support for
   authentication and privacy via the User-based Security Model (USM)
   [RFC3414] with the AES cipher algorithm [RFC3826].  Implementations
   MAY also provide support for the Transport Security Model (TSM)
   [RFC5591] in combination with a secure transport such as SSH
   [RFC5592] or TLS/DTLS [RFC6353].

   Further, deployment of SNMP versions prior to SNMPv3 is NOT
   RECOMMENDED.  Instead, it is RECOMMENDED to deploy SNMPv3 and to
   enable cryptographic security.  It is then a customer/operator
   responsibility to ensure that the SNMP entity giving access to an
   instance of this MIB module is properly configured to give access to
   the objects only to those principals (users) that have legitimate
   rights to indeed GET or SET (change/create/delete) them.

8.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank for valuable comments from David
   Harrington, Mark Townsley, Shishio Tsuchiya, Yong Cui, Suresh
   Krishnan, Bert Wijnen and Juergen Schoenwaelder.

   This document was produced using the xml2rfc tool [RFC2629].

9.  References

9.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.

   [RFC2578]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Structure of Management Information
              Version 2 (SMIv2)", STD 58, RFC 2578,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2578, April 1999,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2578>.

   [RFC2579]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Textual Conventions for SMIv2",
              STD 58, RFC 2579, DOI 10.17487/RFC2579, April 1999,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2579>.

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   [RFC2580]  McCloghrie, K., Ed., Perkins, D., Ed., and J.
              Schoenwaelder, Ed., "Conformance Statements for SMIv2",
              STD 58, RFC 2580, DOI 10.17487/RFC2580, April 1999,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2580>.

   [RFC2863]  McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group
              MIB", RFC 2863, DOI 10.17487/RFC2863, June 2000,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2863>.

   [RFC4001]  Daniele, M., Haberman, B., Routhier, S., and J.
              Schoenwaelder, "Textual Conventions for Internet Network
              Addresses", RFC 4001, DOI 10.17487/RFC4001, February 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4001>.

   [RFC7597]  Troan, O., Ed., Dec, W., Li, X., Bao, C., Matsushima, S.,
              Murakami, T., and T. Taylor, Ed., "Mapping of Address and
              Port with Encapsulation (MAP-E)", RFC 7597,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7597, July 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7597>.

   [RFC7598]  Mrugalski, T., Troan, O., Farrer, I., Perreault, S., Dec,
              W., Bao, C., Yeh, L., and X. Deng, "DHCPv6 Options for
              Configuration of Softwire Address and Port-Mapped
              Clients", RFC 7598, DOI 10.17487/RFC7598, July 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7598>.

9.2.  Informative References

   [RFC2629]  Rose, M., "Writing I-Ds and RFCs using XML", RFC 2629,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2629, June 1999,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2629>.

   [RFC3410]  Case, J., Mundy, R., Partain, D., and B. Stewart,
              "Introduction and Applicability Statements for Internet-
              Standard Management Framework", RFC 3410,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3410, December 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3410>.

   [RFC3414]  Blumenthal, U. and B. Wijnen, "User-based Security Model
              (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management
              Protocol (SNMPv3)", STD 62, RFC 3414,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3414, December 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3414>.

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   [RFC3826]  Blumenthal, U., Maino, F., and K. McCloghrie, "The
              Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Cipher Algorithm in the
              SNMP User-based Security Model", RFC 3826,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC3826, June 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3826>.

   [RFC5591]  Harrington, D. and W. Hardaker, "Transport Security Model
              for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)",
              STD 78, RFC 5591, DOI 10.17487/RFC5591, June 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5591>.

   [RFC5592]  Harrington, D., Salowey, J., and W. Hardaker, "Secure
              Shell Transport Model for the Simple Network Management
              Protocol (SNMP)", RFC 5592, DOI 10.17487/RFC5592, June
              2009, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5592>.

   [RFC6353]  Hardaker, W., "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Transport
              Model for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)",
              STD 78, RFC 6353, DOI 10.17487/RFC6353, July 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6353>.

Authors' Addresses

   Yu Fu
   CNNIC
   No.4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun
   Beijing 100190
   P.R. China

   Email: fuyu@cnnic.cn

   Sheng Jiang
   Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
   Q14, Huawei Campus, No.156 Beiqing Road
   Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100095
   P.R. China

   Email: jiangsheng@huawei.com

   Bing Liu
   Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd
   Q14, Huawei Campus, No.156 Beiqing Road
   Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100095
   P.R. China

   Email: leo.liubing@huawei.com

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   Jiang Dong
   Tsinghua University
   Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University
   Beijing  100084
   P.R. China

   Email: knight.dongjiang@gmail.com

   Yuchi Chen
   Tsinghua University
   Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University
   Beijing  100084
   P.R. China

   Email: flashfoxmx@gmail.com

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