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Registration Data Access Protocol Object Inventory Analysis
draft-ietf-weirds-object-inventory-01

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Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 7485.
Authors Linlin Zhou , Ning Kong , Sean Shen , Arturo L. Servin , Steve Sheng
Last updated 2013-10-14
Replaces draft-zhou-weirds-dnrd-ap-object-inventory
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Document shepherd Murray Kucherawy
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draft-ietf-weirds-object-inventory-01
Internet Engineering Task Force                                  L. Zhou
Internet-Draft                                                   N. Kong
Intended status: Informational                                   S. Shen
Expires: April 15, 2014                                            CNNIC
                                                                S. Sheng
                                                                   ICANN
                                                               A. Servin
                                                                  LACNIC
                                                                Oct 2013

      Registration Data Access Protocol Object Inventory Analysis
                 draft-ietf-weirds-object-inventory-01

Abstract

   WHOIS output objects from registries (including both Regional
   Internet Registries (RIRs) and Domain Name Registries (DNRs)) were
   collected and analyzed.  This document describes the statistical
   analysis process and result of existing WHOIS information.  The
   purpose of this document is to build an object inventory to
   facilitate discussions of data objects included in Registration Data
   Access Protocol (RDAP) responses.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

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   Copyright (c) 2013 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents

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   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
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   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
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   than English.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
   2.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   3.  Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   4.  RIR Objects Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
     4.1.  WHOIS Data of Organizations Holding a Resource  . . . . .   5
     4.2.  WHOIS Data of Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     4.3.  WHOIS Data of IP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
     4.4.  WHOIS Data of ASN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     4.5.  Conclusion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.  DNR Objects Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     5.1.  Overview  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     5.2.  Public Objects  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       5.2.1.  WHOIS Data of Domain  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       5.2.2.  WHOIS Data of Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
         5.2.2.1.  Registrant  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
         5.2.2.2.  Admin Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
         5.2.2.3.  Tech Contact  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
         5.2.2.4.  Billing Contact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
       5.2.3.  WHOIS Data of Nameserver  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       5.2.4.  WHOIS Data of Registrar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     5.3.  Other Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     5.4.  Conclusion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       5.4.1.  Preliminary Statistics  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       5.4.2.  Data Elements Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
       5.4.3.  Labels Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
       5.4.4.  Other Objects Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
     5.5.  Limitation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20

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   7.  Security considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   8.  Acknowledgements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   Appendix A.  Change Log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21

1.  Introduction

   RIRs and DNRs have historically maintained a lookup service to permit
   public access to some portion of the registry database.  Most
   registries offer the service via the WHOIS protocol [RFC3912], with
   additional services being offered via world wide web pages, bulk
   downloads, and other services, such as RPSL [RFC2622].

   Although the WHOIS protocol specified in [RFC3912] is widely adopted
   and supported, it has several shortcomings that limits its usefulness
   to the evolving needs of the Internet community.  For example, the
   WHOIS protocol has not been Internationalized, it does not
   consistently support Internationalized Domain Name (IDN, described in
   [RFC5890]); WHOIS has no query and response format; and WHOIS
   protocol does not support user authentication, access control for
   differentiated access.

   This document is aimed to build an object inventory to facilitate
   discussions of registration data objects.  Based on this statistics
   result, it may help to form and specify the RDAP response format.

   In number space, there are altogether 5 RIRs.  All RIRs provide
   information about IP addresses, Autonomous System Number (ASNs) and
   contacts, the data model used is different for each RIR.  In domain
   name space, there are now over 200 ccTLDs and 21 gTLDs.  Different
   domain name registries may have different WHOIS response objects and
   formats.  A common understanding of all these data formats is
   critical.

   This document describes the WHOIS data collection procedures and
   gives a data object inventory analysis based on the collected data
   from 5 RIRs and 106 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs from DNRs.  The RIR data
   objects are classified into IP address, ASN, person or contact and
   the organization that held the resource.  The DNR data objects are
   classified into domain, contact, nameserver and registrar related
   objects.  Other objects that do not belong to above categories are
   viewed as private designed objects.  In this document, we are not
   intended to analyze all the query and response types existed in RIRs
   and DNRs.  The most common query objects will be discussed, other
   objects such as RPSL data structure used by Internet Routing
   Registries (IRRs) will be added at a later time if the community
   feels it is necessary.

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   Since this is a document with statistics analysis and there are no
   protocol specifications, the [RFC2119] language does not apply.

2.  Terminology

   o  Data element -- The name of specific response object.

   o  Label -- Different registries may have different naming ways for
      the same data element.  So there may be several labels with the
      same meaning and belong to one group of data element.

   o  Most popular label -- The label which is most supported by the
      registries.

   o  Number of labels -- The number of different labels.

   o  Total count -- The number of registries that support a certain
      data element.

3.  Methodology

   WHOIS information, including port 43 response and web response data,
   is collected following the procedures described below.

   RIR objects collection process:

   (1)  The process of RIR data collection is relatively easy.  There
      are altogether 5 RIRs which are AFRINIC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC and
      RIPE NCC.  All the RIRs provide information of IPs, ASNs and
      contacts.  Find the 5 RIR WHOIS servers firstly.

   (2)  Query the corresponding IPs, ASNs, contacts and organizations
      registered in 5 RIRs and make a comparative analysis of the
      responses data.

   (3)  Data elements with the same meaning, but using different labels,
      are grouped together.

   DNR objects collections process:

   (1)  A programming script is applied to collect port 43 response data
      from 294 ccTLDs. "nic.ccTLD" is used as the query string which is
      usually registered in a domain registry.  Responses of 106 ccTLDs
      were received. 18 gTLDs' port 43 response data is collected from
      their contracts with ICANN.  So the sample size of port 43 WHOIS
      response data is 124 registries in total.

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   (2)  WHOIS data from web is collected manually from the 124
      registries that have port 43 WHOIS responses.

   (3)  Some of the responses which are collected by program may not
      seem to be correct.  So data of top 10 ccTLD registries, like .de,
      .eu and .uk etc., was re-verified by querying domain names other
      than "nic.ccTLD".

   (4)  In accordance with the specification 4 of new gTLD applicant
      guide book, [RFC5730], [RFC5731], [RFC5732] and [RFC5733], the
      response data objects are classified into public and other data
      objects.  Public data objects are those which are defined in the
      above two documents.  Other objects are those which are self
      designed data elements or objects in different registries.

   (5)  Data elements with the same meaning, but using different labels,
      are grouped together.  The numbers of registries that support the
      data elements is calculated in the total count column.

4.  RIR Objects Analysis

4.1.  WHOIS Data of Organizations Holding a Resource

   The following table shows the organization objects of 5 RIRs.

   +------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
   |    RIR     | AFRINIC  |  APNIC   |   ARIN   |  LACNIC  | RIPE NCC |
   |  Objects   |          |          |          |          |          |
   +------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
   | Organizati | Organisa |   role   |   Name   |  Owner   | org-name |
   |  on name   |   tion   |          |          |          |          |
   | Organizati | org-name | nic-hdl  |  Handle  | owner-id | organisa |
   |   on ID    |          |          |          |          |   tion   |
   |  Company   |    NA    |    NA    | Company  |    NA    |    NA    |
   |  Name of   |    NA    |    NA    |    NA    | responsi |    NA    |
   | person res |          |          |          |   ble    |          |
   |  ponsible  |          |          |          |          |          |
   | Type of or | org-type |    NA    |    NA    |    NA    | org-type |
   | ganization |          |          |          |          |          |
   |  Country   | country  | country  | country  | country  |    NA    |
   |   Postal   | address  | address  | address  | address  | address  |
   |  Address   |          |          |          |          |          |
   |    City    |    NA    |    NA    |   city   |    NA    |    NA    |
   |   State    |    NA    |    NA    | StatePro |    NA    |    NA    |
   |            |          |          |    v     |          |          |
   |   Postal   |    NA    |    NA    | PostalCo |    NA    |    NA    |
   |    Code    |          |          |    de    |          |          |
   |   Phone    |  phone   |  phone   |  phone   |  phone   |  phone   |

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   | Fax Number |  fax-no  |  fax-no  |    NA    |    NA    |  fax-no  |
   | ID of admi | admin-c  | admin-c  |    NA    | owner-c  | admin-c  |
   | nistrative |          |          |          |          | (multipl |
   |  contact   |          |          |          |          |    e)    |
   |   ID of    |  tech-c  |  tech-c  |    NA    |  tech-c  | tech-c ( |
   | technical  |          |          |          |          | multiple |
   |  contact   |          |          |          |          |    )     |
   | Reference  | mnt-ref  |    NA    |    NA    |    NA    | mnt-ref  |
   |     of     |          |          |          |          |          |
   | maintainer |          |          |          |          |          |
   | Reference  |  mnt-by  |  mnt-by  |    NA    |    NA    |  mnt-by  |
   |     of     |          |          |          |          |          |
   | maintainer |          |          |          |          |          |
   |  Remarks   | remarks  | remarks  |    NA    |    NA    | remarks  |
   |  Date of   |    NA    |    NA    | RegDate  | created  |    NA    |
   |   record   |          |          |          |          |          |
   |  creation  |          |          |          |          |          |
   |  Date of   |    NA    | changed  | Updated  | changed  |    NA    |
   |   record   |          | (multipl |          |          |          |
   |  changed   |          |    e)    |          |          |          |
   |  List of   |    NA    |    NA    |    NA    | list of  |    NA    |
   | resources  |          |          |          | resource |          |
   |            |          |          |          |    s     |          |
   |   Source   |  source  |  source  |    NA    |    NA    |  source  |
   | Reference  |    NA    |    NA    |   Ref    |    NA    |    NA    |
   +------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+----------+

              WHOIS Data of Organizations Holding a Resource

4.2.  WHOIS Data of Contact

   The following table shows the contact objects of 5 RIRs.

   +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
   | RIR Objects  | AFRINIC |  APNIC  |    ARIN    |  LACNIC |   RIPE  |
   |              |         |         |            |         |   NCC   |
   +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+
   |     Name     |  person |  person |    Name    |  person |  person |
   |   Company    |    NA   |    NA   |  Company   |    NA   |    NA   |
   |    Postal    | address | address |  Address   | address | address |
   |   Address    |         |         |            |         |         |
   |     City     |    NA   |    NA   |    City    |    NA   |    NA   |
   |    State     |    NA   |    NA   | StateProv  |    NA   |    NA   |
   | Postal Code  |    NA   |    NA   | PostalCode |    NA   |    NA   |
   |   Country    |    NA   | country |  Country   | country |    NA   |
   |    Phone     |  phone  |  phone  |   Phone    |  phone  |  phone  |
   |  Fax Number  |  fax-no |  fax-no |     NA     |    NA   |  fax-no |
   |    Email     |  e-mail |  e-mail |   Email    |  e-mail |    NA   |

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   |      ID      | nic-hdl | nic-hdl |   Handle   | nic-hdl | nic-hdl |
   |   Remarks    |    NA   | remarks |     NA     |    NA   | remarks |
   |    Notify    |    NA   |  notify |     NA     |    NA   |    NA   |
   |    ID of     |  mnt-by |  mnt-by |     NA     |    NA   |  mnt-by |
   |  maintainer  |         |         |            |         |         |
   | Registration |    NA   |    NA   |  RegDate   | created |    NA   |
   |     Date     |         |         |            |         |         |
   | Registration |    NA   | changed |  Updated   | changed |    NA   |
   |    update    |         |         |            |         |         |
   |    Source    |  source |  source |     NA     |    NA   |  source |
   |  Reference   |    NA   |    NA   |    Ref     |    NA   |    NA   |
   +--------------+---------+---------+------------+---------+---------+

                           WHOIS Data of Contact

4.3.  WHOIS Data of IP

   The following table shows the IP address objects of 5 RIRs.

   +----------+------------+------------+----------+------+------------+
   |   RIR    |  AFRINIC   |   APNIC    |   ARIN   | LACN |  RIPE NCC  |
   | Objects  |            |            |          |  IC  |            |
   +----------+------------+------------+----------+------+------------+
   |    IP    |  inetnum   |  inetnum   | NetRange |  NA  |  inetnum   |
   | address  |            |            |          |      |            |
   |  range   |            |            |          |      |            |
   |   IPV6   | inet6num/i | inet6num/i |   CIDR   | inet | inet6num/i |
   | address  |   netnum   |   netnum   |          | num  |   netnum   |
   |  range   |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Descript |   descr    |   descr    |    NA    |  NA  |   descr    |
   |   ion    |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Remarks  |     NA     |     NA     |    NA    |  NA  |  remarks   |
   |  Origin  |     NA     | origin (on | OriginAS | Orig | origin (on |
   |    AS    |            |  route/6)  |          | inAS |  route/6)  |
   |          |            |            |          | (fut |            |
   |          |            |            |          | ure) |            |
   | Network  |  netname   |  netname   | NetName  | inet |  netname   |
   | name/ID  |            |            | NetHandl | rev  |            |
   |          |            |            |    e     |      |            |
   | Maintain |     NA     |  mnt-irt   |    NA    |  NA  |     NA     |
   |    er    |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Maintain |  mnt-ref   |     NA     |    NA    |  NA  |     NA     |
   |    er    |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Administ |  admin-c   |  admin-c   |  OrgId   | owne |  admin-c   |
   |  rative  |            |            |          | rid  |            |
   | contact  |            |            |          |      |            |
   |  Parent  |   parent   |     NA     |  Parent  |  NA  |     NA     |
   |  range   |            |            |          |      |            |

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   |  Status  |   status   |   status   | NetType  | stat |   status   |
   |          |            |            |          |  us  |            |
   | Registra |     NA     |     NA     | RegDate  | crea |     NA     |
   |   tion   |            |            |          | ted  |            |
   |   Date   |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Registra |     NA     |  changed   | Updated  | chan |     NA     |
   |   tion   |            | (multiple) |          | ged  |            |
   |  update  |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Referenc |     NA     |     NA     |   Ref    |  NA  |     NA     |
   |    e     |            |            |          |      |            |
   | ID organ |    org     |     NA     |  OrgId   | owne | organisati |
   | ization  |            |            |          |  r   |     on     |
   | holding  |            |            |          |      |            |
   |   the    |            |            |          |      |            |
   | resource |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Referral |     NA     |     NA     | Referral |  NA  |     NA     |
   |  server  |            |            |  Server  |      |            |
   | Technica |   tech-c   |   tech-c   | OrgTechH | tech |   tech-c   |
   |    l     |            |            |  andle   |  -c  | (multiple) |
   | contact  |            |            |          |      |            |
   |  Abuse   |     NA     |     NA     | OrgAbuse | abus |   abuse-   |
   | contact  |            |            |  Handle  | e-c  |  mailbox   |
   | Referral |     NA     |     NA     | RTechHan |  NA  |     NA     |
   | technica |            |            |   dle    |      |            |
   |    l     |            |            |          |      |            |
   | contact  |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Referral |     NA     |     NA     | RAbuseHa |  NA  |     NA     |
   |  abuse   |            |            |   ndle   |      |            |
   | contact  |            |            |          |      |            |
   | Referral |     NA     |     NA     | RNOCHand |  NA  |     NA     |
   |   NOC    |            |            |    le    |      |            |
   | contact  |            |            |          |      |            |
   |   Name   |     NA     |     NA     |    NA    | nser |     NA     |
   |  server  |            |            |          | ver  |            |
   +----------+------------+------------+----------+------+------------+

                             WHOIS Data of IP

4.4.  WHOIS Data of ASN

   +------------+----------+----------+------------+--------+----------+
   |    RIR     | AFRINIC  |  APNIC   |    ARIN    | LACNIC | RIPE NCC |
   |  Objects   |          |          |            |        |          |
   +------------+----------+----------+------------+--------+----------+
   | Descriptio |  descr   |  descr   |     NA     |   NA   |  descr   |
   |     n      |          |          |            |        |          |
   | Organizati | organisa |    NA    |   OrgId    | owner  |   org    |
   |     on     |   tion   |          |            |        |          |

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   |  Comment   |    NA    |    NA    |  Comment   |   NA   | remarks  |
   | Administra | admin-c  | admin-c  |  ASHandle  | owner- | admin-c  |
   |    tive    |          |          |            |   id   |          |
   | contact ID |          |          |            |        |          |
   | Technical  |  tech-c  |  tech-c  | OrgTechHan | routin | tech-c ( |
   | contact ID |          |          |    dle     |  g-c   | multiple |
   |            |          |          |            |        |    )     |
   | Organizati |    NA    | nic-hdl  |     NA     | owner- | organisa |
   |   on ID    |          |          |            |   c    |   tion   |
   |   Notify   |    NA    |  notify  |     NA     |   NA   |    NA    |
   |   Abuse    |    NA    |    NA    | OrgAbuseHa | abuse- |    NA    |
   |  contact   |          |          |    ndle    |   c    |          |
   | Maintainer |  mnt-by  |  mnt-by  |     NA     |   NA   |  mnt-by  |
   | Maintainer |   mnt-   |    NA    |     NA     |   NA   |   mnt-   |
   |            |  lower   |          |            |        |  lower   |
   | Maintainer |    NA    |    NA    |     NA     |   NA   | mnt-ref  |
   | Registrati |    NA    |    NA    |  RegDate   | create |    NA    |
   |  on Date   |          |          |            |   d    |          |
   | Registrati |    NA    | changed  |  Updated   | change |    NA    |
   | on update  |          | (multipl |            |   d    |          |
   |            |          |    e)    |            |        |          |
   |   Source   |  source  |  source  |     NA     |   NA   |  source  |
   +------------+----------+----------+------------+--------+----------+

                             WHOIS Data of ASN

4.5.  Conclusion

   As it can be observed, for each object (Organization, Contact Person,
   Net-num and ASN) there are fields that are unique to only one or a
   set of RIRs and there are fields that have the same meaning but are
   referred different for each RIR.  In order to construct a single data
   model for each object a selection of the most common and useful
   fields was made.  That initial selection was the starting point of
   the previous document of [I-D.ietf-weirds-json-response].

5.  DNR Objects Analysis

5.1.  Overview

   WHOIS data is collected from 124 registries, including 106 ccTLDs and
   18 gTLDs.  All the 124 registries support domain query.  Among 124
   registries, 8 ccTLDs and 15 gTLDs support contact query. 10 ccTLDs
   and 18 gTLDs support name server query.  4 ccTLDs and 18 gTLDs
   support registrar query.  Domain WHOIS data contains 68 data elements
   that use a total of 550 labels.  There are total 392 other objects
   for Domain WHOIS data.  The raw data can be accessed with the
   following link: WHOIS Statistics Data File [Stat-Data-File]

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5.2.  Public Objects

   As mentioned above, public objects are those data elements selected
   according to new gTLD application guide book, [RFC5730], [RFC5731],
   [RFC5732] and [RFC5733].  They are generally classified into four
   categories: domain, contact, nameserver and registrar related
   information.

5.2.1.  WHOIS Data of Domain

   WHOIS data of domain includes "Domain Name", "Creation Date", "Domain
   Status", "Expiration Date", "Updated Date", "Domain ID", "DNSSEC" and
   "Last Transferred Date".  The following table gives the element name,
   most popular label and corresponding numbers of TLDs and labels.

   +---------------------+---------------------+----------+------------+
   |     Data Element    |  Most Popular Label |  No. of  |   No. of   |
   |                     |                     |   TLDs   |   Labels   |
   +---------------------+---------------------+----------+------------+
   |     Domain Name     |     Domain Name     |   118    |     6      |
   |    Creation Date    |       Created       |   106    |     24     |
   |    Domain Status    |        Status       |    95    |     8      |
   |   Expiration Date   |   Expiration Date   |    81    |     21     |
   |     Updated Date    |       Modified      |    70    |     20     |
   |      Domain ID      |      Domain ID      |    34    |     5      |
   |        DNSSEC       |        DNSSEC       |    14    |     4      |
   |   Last Transferred  |   Last Transferred  |    4     |     3      |
   |         Date        |         Date        |          |            |
   +---------------------+---------------------+----------+------------+

                           WHOIS Data of Domain

   Analyzing the above data, about 95.16% of the 124 registries support
   "Domain Name" data element; 85.48% of the 124 registries support
   "Creation Date" data element; 76.61% of the 124 registries support
   "Domain Status" data element.  On the other hand, some elements such
   as "DNSSEC" and "Last Transferred Date" are only supported by 11.29%
   and 3.23% of all the registries seperately.

5.2.2.  WHOIS Data of Contact

   In domain name space, contacts are typically divided into registrant,
   administrative contact, technical contact and billing contact.

5.2.2.1.  Registrant

   The following table shows all the contact information of registrant.
   14 data elements are listed below.

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   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+
   |     Data Element     |  Most Popular Label  | No. of |   No. of   |
   |                      |                      |  TLDs  |   Labels   |
   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+
   |   Registrant Name    |         Name         |   65   |     7      |
   |   Registrant Email   |   Registrant Email   |   59   |     7      |
   |    Registrant ID     |    Registrant ID     |   50   |     12     |
   |   Registrant Phone   |   Registrant Phone   |   48   |     6      |
   |    Registrant Fax    |    Registrant Fax    |   44   |     6      |
   |      Registrant      |      Registrant      |   42   |     4      |
   |     Organization     |     Organization     |        |            |
   |  Registrant Country  |       Country        |   42   |     6      |
   |         Code         |                      |        |            |
   |   Registrant City    |   Registrant City    |   38   |     4      |
   |  Registrant Postal   |  Registrant Postal   |   37   |     5      |
   |         Code         |         Code         |        |            |
   |      Registrant      |      Registrant      |   32   |     4      |
   |    State/Province    |    State/Province    |        |            |
   |  Registrant Street   |  Registrant Street1  |   31   |     16     |
   |  Registrant Country  |  Registrant Country  |   19   |     4      |
   |   Registrant Phone   |   Registrant Phone   |   18   |     2      |
   |         Ext.         |         Ext.         |        |            |
   |  Registrant Fax Ext  |  Registrant Fax Ext  |   17   |     2      |
   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+

                                Registrant

   Among all the data elements, "Registrant Name", "Registrant Email"
   and "Registrant ID" are the top 3 data elements.

5.2.2.2.  Admin Contact

   The following table shows all the contact information of
   administrative contact. 14 data elements are listed below.

   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+
   |     Data Element     |  Most Popular Label  |  No. of |   No. of  |
   |                      |                      |   TLDs  |   Labels  |
   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+
   |     Admin Street     |       Address        |    64   |     19    |
   |      Admin Name      |      Admin Name      |    60   |     9     |
   |     Admin Email      |     Admin Email      |    54   |     12    |
   |       Admin ID       |       Admin ID       |    52   |     16    |
   |      Admin Fax       |      Admin Fax       |    44   |     8     |
   |     Admin Phone      |     Admin Phone      |    43   |     9     |
   |  Admin Organization  |  Admin Organization  |    42   |     9     |
   |  Admin Country Code  |       Country        |    42   |     7     |
   |      Admin City      |      Admin City      |    35   |     5     |

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   |  Admin Postal Code   |  Admin Postal Code   |    35   |     7     |
   | Admin State/Province | Admin State/Province |    28   |     5     |
   |    Admin Country     |    Admin Country     |    17   |     5     |
   |   Admin Phone Ext.   |   Admin Phone Ext.   |    17   |     3     |
   |    Admin Fax Ext.    |    Admin Fax Ext.    |    17   |     3     |
   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+

                               Admin Contact

   Among all the data elements, "Admin Street", "Admin Name" and "Admin
   Email" are the top 3 data elements.

5.2.2.3.  Tech Contact

   The following table shows all the information about domain name
   technical contact. 14 data elements are listed below.

   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+
   |     Data Element     |  Most Popular Label  |  No. of |   No. of  |
   |                      |                      |   TLDs  |   Labels  |
   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+
   |      Tech Email      |      Tech Email      |    59   |     9     |
   |       Tech ID        |       Tech ID        |    55   |     16    |
   |      Tech Name       |      Tech Name       |    47   |     6     |
   |       Tech Fax       |       Tech Fax       |    45   |     9     |
   |      Tech Phone      |      Tech Phone      |    45   |     10    |
   |  Tech Country Code   |       Country        |    43   |     9     |
   |  Tech Organization   |  Tech Organization   |    39   |     7     |
   |      Tech City       |      Tech City       |    36   |     4     |
   |   Tech Postal Code   |   Tech Postal Code   |    36   |     7     |
   | Tech State/Province  | Tech State/Province  |    30   |     4     |
   |     Tech Street      |     Tech Street1     |    27   |     16    |
   |     Tech Country     |     Tech Country     |    18   |     5     |
   |     Tech Fax Ext     |     Tech Fax Ext     |    18   |     3     |
   |   Tech Phone Ext.    |   Tech Phone Ext.    |    13   |     3     |
   +----------------------+----------------------+---------+-----------+

                               Tech Contact

   Among all the data elements, "Tech Email", "Tech ID" and "Tech Name"
   are the top 3 data elements.

5.2.2.4.  Billing Contact

   The following table shows all the information about domain name
   billing contact. 14 data elements are listed below.

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   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+
   |     Data Element     |  Most Popular Label  | No. of |   No. of   |
   |                      |                      |  TLDs  |   Labels   |
   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+
   |     Billing Name     |         Name         |   47   |     5      |
   |     Billing Fax      |         Fax          |   43   |     6      |
   |    Billing Email     |    Email Address     |   42   |     7      |
   | Billing Country Code |       Country        |   38   |     4      |
   |    Billing Phone     |     Phone Number     |   34   |     6      |
   |      Billing ID      |      Billing ID      |   28   |     9      |
   |     Billing City     |     Billing City     |   28   |     4      |
   | Billing Organization | Billing Organization |   28   |     5      |
   | Billing Postal Code  | Billing Postal Code  |   27   |     4      |
   |       Billing        |       Billing        |   21   |     4      |
   |    State/Province    |    State/Province    |        |            |
   |    Billing Street    |   Billing Street1    |   19   |     13     |
   |   Billing Country    |   Billing Country    |   13   |     5      |
   |  Billing Phone Ext.  |  Billing Phone Ext.  |   10   |     2      |
   |   Billing Fax Ext    |   Billing Fax Ext    |   10   |     2      |
   +----------------------+----------------------+--------+------------+

                              Billing Contact

   Among all the data elements, "Billing Name", "Tech Fax" and "Billing
   Email" are the top 3 data elements.

5.2.3.  WHOIS Data of Nameserver

   114 registries (about 92% of all the 124 registries) have the
   nameserver data element in their WHOIS response.  But there are 63
   different labels for this element.  Top 3 labels for this element are
   Name Server which is supported by 25% of all the registries, Name
   Servers which is supported by 16% of all the registries and nserver
   which is supported by 12% of all the registries.

    +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+
    | Data Element | Most Popular Label | No. of TLDs | No. of Labels |
    +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+
    |  NameServer  |     NameServer     |     114     |       63      |
    +--------------+--------------------+-------------+---------------+

                         WHOIS Data of Nameserver

   Some registries have nameserver elements such like "nameserver 1",
   "nameserver 2" till "nameserver n".  So there are more labels than of
   other data elements.

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5.2.4.  WHOIS Data of Registrar

   There are three data elements about registrar information.

   +--------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
   |    Data Element    |  Most Popular Label |  No. of  |    No. of   |
   |                    |                     |   TLDs   |    Labels   |
   +--------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------+
   |     Sponsoring     |      Registrar      |    84    |      6      |
   |     Registrar      |                     |          |             |
   |     Created by     |      Created by     |    14    |      3      |
   |     Registrar      |                     |          |             |
   |     Updated by     |   Last Updated by   |    11    |      3      |
   |     Registrar      |      Registrar      |          |             |
   +--------------------+---------------------+----------+-------------+

                          WHOIS Data of Registrar

   67.7% of the registries have sponsoring registrar data element.
   Elements such as "Created by Registrar" and "Updated by Registrar"
   are supported by 11.3% and 8.9% of the registries.

5.3.  Other Objects

   So called other objects are those data elements that are self-
   designed or are difficult to be classified.  There are 392 other
   objects altogether.  The following tables lists the top 50 other
   objects according to the data collection result.

         +----------------------------------------+-------------+
         |              Data Element              | No. of TLDs |
         +----------------------------------------+-------------+
         |               Registrant               |      41     |
         |                 Phone                  |      32     |
         |           Technical contact            |      26     |
         |         Administrative contact         |      15     |
         |                 source                 |      14     |
         |                 fax-no                 |      13     |
         |                nic-hdl                 |      13     |
         |            Billing Contact             |      12     |
         |              referral url              |      11     |
         |                 e-mail                 |      10     |
         |              WHOIS server              |      9      |
         |             Admin Contact              |      9      |
         |                  Type                  |      9      |
         |                Website                 |      9      |
         |                 zone-c                 |      8      |
         |                remarks                 |      7      |

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         |            Registration URL            |      6      |
         |               anonymous                |      6      |
         |              anniversary               |      6      |
         |                  hold                  |      6      |
         |                 nsl-id                 |      6      |
         |               obsoleted                |      6      |
         |        Customer Service Contact        |      5      |
         |         Customer Service Email         |      4      |
         |              Registrar ID              |      4      |
         |                  org                   |      4      |
         |                 person                 |      4      |
         |               Maintainer               |      4      |
         |                 Nombre                 |      3      |
         |      Sponsoring Registrar IANA ID      |      3      |
         |            Trademark Number            |      3      |
         |           Trademark Country            |      3      |
         |                 descr                  |      3      |
         |                  url                   |      3      |
         |             Postal address             |      3      |
         |             Registrar URL              |      3      |
         |           International Name           |      3      |
         |         International Address          |      3      |
         |             Admin Contacts             |      2      |
         |          Contractual Language          |      2      |
         |       Date Trademark Registered        |      2      |
         |       Date Trademark Applied For       |      2      |
         |               IP Address               |      2      |
         |                  Keys                  |      2      |
         |                Language                |      2      |
         |               NIC handle               |      2      |
         |          Record maintained by          |      2      |
         |     Registration Service Provider      |      2      |
         |    Registration Service Provided By    |      2      |
         | Registrar URL (registration services)  |      2      |
         +----------------------------------------+-------------+

                           Top 50 Other Objects

   Some elements like "Registrant" are difficult to be classified into
   any categories.  A few registries have two levels of data elements,
   for example:

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         Registrant:
           Name:
           Email:
           ...

   We do not think the first level of elements belong to any part.  So
   they are put into the scope of other objects.

   Some other data elements, like "Remarks", "anniversary" and "Customer
   service Contact" etc., are designed particularly for their own
   purpose by different registries.

5.4.  Conclusion

5.4.1.  Preliminary Statistics

   Some preliminary statistics conclusion could be drawn from the raw
   data.

   o  All of the 124 domain registries have the object names in their
      responses although they are in various formats.

   o  Of the 118 whois services contacted, 65 registries show their
      registrant contact.  About half of the registries (60 registries)
      support admin contact information.  There are 47 registries, that
      is about one third of the total number, have technical and billing
      contact information.  And only 7 of all the 124 registries give
      their abuse email in remarks part.  No explicit abuse contact
      information is provided.

   o  There are mainly two presentation formats.  One is key:value, the
      other is data block format.  Example of key-value format:

   Domain Information
   Query: na-nic.com.na
   Status: Delegated
   Created: 17 Apr 2004
   Modified: 14 Nov 2010
   Expires: 31 Dec 9999
   Name Servers: oshikoko.omadhina.net
   ns1.na.afrisp.net
   ns2.na.afrisp.net
   ...

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      Example of data block format:

   Whois database
   domain nic.vg

   Domain Name nic.vg
   Registered 1998-09-02
   Expiry 2012-09-02

   Resource Records

   a   195.153.6.27
   mx 10 terpsichore.william.org
   www a   195.153.6.27

   Contact details

   Registrant,
   Technical Contact,
   Billing Contact,
   Admin. Contact AdamsNames Reserved Domains (i)
   These domains are not available for registration
   United Kingdom
   Identifier: neams048s

   Servidor Whois de NIC-Venezuela (.VE)

   Este servidor contiene informacion autoritativa exclusivamente
   de dominios .VE Cualquier consulta sobre este servicio, puede
   hacerla al correo electronico whois@nic.ve

   Titular:
   Jhonny Valera (nic.ve-dom) jhovalera@conatel.gob.ve
   Comision Nacional de Telecomunicaciones
   Av. Veracruz con calle Cali, Edif Aguila, Urb. Las Mercedes
   Caracas, Distrito Capital VE
   0212-9090493 (FAX) +582127718599

   o  11 registries give local script responses.  The WHOIS information
      of other registries are all represented in English.

5.4.2.  Data Elements Analysis

   Top 10 data elements are as follows:

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                  +----------------------+-------------+
                  |     Data Element     | No. of TLDs |
                  +----------------------+-------------+
                  |     Domain Name      |     118     |
                  |     Name Server      |     114     |
                  |    Creation Date     |     106     |
                  |    Domain Status     |      95     |
                  | Sponsoring Registrar |      84     |
                  |   Expiration Date    |      81     |
                  |     Updated Date     |      70     |
                  |   Registrant Name    |      65     |
                  |     Admin Street     |      64     |
                  |      Admin Name      |      60     |
                  +----------------------+-------------+

                           Top 10 Data Elements

   Most of the domain related WHOIS information is included in the top
   10 data elements.  Other information like name server and registrar
   name are also supported by most registries.

   We did a cumulative distribution analysis of all the data elements.

   (1)  About 5% of data elements are supported by over 111 (90%)
      registries.

   (2)  About 30% of data elements are supported by over 44 (35%)
      registries.

   (3)  About 60% of data elements are supported by over 32 (26%)
      registries.

   (4)  About 90% of data elements are supported by over 14 (11%)
      registries.

   From the above result, we can conclude that only a few registries
   support all the public objects, most of the registries support just
   parts of all the objects.

5.4.3.  Labels Analysis

   The top 10 labels of different data elements include:

                   +-------------------+---------------+
                   |       Labels      | No. of Labels |
                   +-------------------+---------------+
                   |    Name Server    |       63      |
                   |   Creation Date   |       24      |

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                   |  Expiration Date  |       21      |
                   |    Updated Date   |       20      |
                   |    Admin Street   |       19      |
                   |      Tech ID      |       18      |
                   | Registrant Street |       16      |
                   |      Admin ID     |       16      |
                   |    Tech Street    |       16      |
                   |   Billing Street  |       13      |
                   +-------------------+---------------+

                               Top 10 Labels

   As explained above, name server label is a unique example that many
   registries define the name server elements from "nameserver 1" till
   "nameserver n".  So label numbers of name server are much more than
   other elements.  Other elements about date, street name have more
   labels.

   A cumulative distribution analysis of label numbers was done.  About
   90% of data elements have more than 2 Labels.  So it is very
   necessary to specify a standard and unified format for object names
   of WHOIS response.

5.4.4.  Other Objects Analysis

   According to statistics result, there are 392 other data objects in
   total that are not easy to be classified or privately owned by
   various registries.  Top 50 other objects are listed in the table in
   section 4.3.  You can find that various different objects are
   designed for some particular purpose.  So in order to ensure
   uniqueness of JSON names used in the Restful Whois service,
   establishing an IANA registry is a necessary requirement.

5.5.  Limitation

   o  The input "nic.ccTLD" maybe is not a good choice.

   o  The classification of local script data elements may not be
      accurate. 11 registries give local script responses.

   o  The extension data elements are used randomly by different
      registries.  It is difficult to do statistical analysis.

   o  Sample sizes of contact, name server and registrar queries are
      small.

      *  We only use "Whois contactID/nameserver/registrar" as the query
         commands to check.

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      *  Some registries may not support contact, name server or
         registrar queries.

      *  Some may not support query contact by ID.

      *  Contact information of some registries may be protected.

6.  IANA Considerations

   This document does not specify any IANA actions.

7.  Security considerations

   This document does not provide any other security services or
   introduce any additional considerations.

8.  Acknowledgements

   This document has been reviewed and improved by the design team.  The
   authors especially thank the following individuals who gave their
   suggestions and contributions to this document: Guangqing Deng,
   Frederico A C Neves and Ray Bellis.

9.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-weirds-json-response]
              Newton, A. and S. Hollenbeck, "JSON Responses for the
              Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP)", draft-ietf-
              weirds-json-response-06 (work in progress), October 2013.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2622]  Alaettinoglu, C., Villamizar, C., Gerich, E., Kessens, D.,
              Meyer, D., Bates, T., Karrenberg, D., and M. Terpstra,
              "Routing Policy Specification Language (RPSL)", RFC 2622,
              June 1999.

   [RFC3912]  Daigle, L., "WHOIS Protocol Specification", RFC 3912,
              September 2004.

   [RFC5730]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)",
              STD 69, RFC 5730, August 2009.

   [RFC5731]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
              Domain Name Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5731, August 2009.

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   [RFC5732]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
              Host Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5732, August 2009.

   [RFC5733]  Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
              Contact Mapping", STD 69, RFC 5733, August 2009.

   [RFC5890]  Klensin, J., "Internationalized Domain Names for
              Applications (IDNA): Definitions and Document Framework",
              RFC 5890, August 2010.

   [Stat-Data-File]
              Kong, N., Zhou, L., and G. Deng, "WHOIS Statistics Data
              File ", July 2012, <https://docs.google.com/
              open?id=0B96TtoK8a--MTTRuVUt3UHZMdEk>.

Appendix A.  Change Log

   Initial -00:  Adopted as working group document.

   -01:

      *  Added Change Log section.

      *  Added RIR data objects.

      *  Exchanged section 2 and section 3.

Authors' Addresses

   Linlin Zhou
   CNNIC
   4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10 5881 2677
   Email: zhoulinlin@cnnic.cn

   Ning Kong
   CNNIC
   4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10 5881 3147
   Email: nkong@cnnic.cn

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   Sean Shen
   CNNIC
   4 South 4th Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District
   Beijing, Beijing  100190
   China

   Phone: +86 10 5881 3038
   Email: shenshuo@cnnic.cn

   Steve Sheng
   ICANN
   4676 Admiralty Way, Suite 330
   Marina del Rey, CA  90292
   United States of America

   Phone: +1.310.823.9358
   Email: steve.sheng@icann.org

   Arturo Servin
   LACNIC
   Rambla Mexico 6125
   Montevideo, Montevideo  11400
   Uruguay

   Phone: +598-2604-2222
   Email: aservin@lacnic.net

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