@techreport{irtf-cfrg-concrete-hybrid-kems-04, number = {draft-irtf-cfrg-concrete-hybrid-kems-04}, type = {Internet-Draft}, institution = {Internet Engineering Task Force}, publisher = {Internet Engineering Task Force}, note = {Work in Progress}, url = {https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-irtf-cfrg-concrete-hybrid-kems/04/}, author = {Deirdre Connolly and Richard Barnes}, title = {{Concrete Hybrid PQ/T Key Encapsulation Mechanisms}}, pagetotal = 97, year = 2026, month = jul, day = 6, abstract = {PQ/T Hybrid Key Encapsulation Mechanisms (KEMs) combine "post- quantum" cryptographic algorithms, which are safe from attack by a quantum computer, with "traditional" algorithms, which are not. CFRG has developed a general framework for creating hybrid KEMs. In this document, we define concrete instantiations of this framework to illustrate certain properties of the framework and simplify implementors' choices.}, }