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Stateless IPv4 over IPv6 report
draft-janog-softwire-report-00

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Expired".
Authors Shishio Tsuchiya , Shuichi Ohkubo , Yuya Kawakami
Last updated 2012-07-09
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draft-janog-softwire-report-00
Internet Engineering Task Force                         S. Tsuchiya, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                             Cisco Systems
Intended status: Informational                                 S. Ohkubo
Expires: January 10, 2013                                Sakura Internet
                                                             Y. Kawakami
                                                  INTERNET MULTIFEED CO.
                                                            July 9, 2012

                    Stateless IPv4 over IPv6 report
                     draft-janog-softwire-report-00

Abstract

   Stateless IPv4 over IPv6 tunnel such as MAP(Mapping of Address and
   Port)/4rd(IPv4 Residual Deployment) designs to support IPv4 over IPv6
   island and resolve IPv4 shortage problem by Address and Port Mapping
   technique.  This document describes supported vendor's
   implementation, ipv4 functionality over IPv6 and interoperability
   report.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
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   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 10, 2013.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect

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   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2.  Implementation Report  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.1.  IpInfusion [IPI] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.2.  FURUKAWA NETWORK SOLUTION [FNSC] . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.3.  Internet Initiative Japan [SEIL] . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  IPv4 functionality over IPv6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  T-1:ICMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  T-2:IPSec VPN  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.3.  T-3:SSL VPN  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.4.  T-4:FTP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.5.  T-5:PPTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.6.  T-6:L2TP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.7.  T-7:Instant Messaging and VoIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.7.1.  Facebook on the web (http) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.7.2.  Facebook via a client (xmpp) . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.7.3.  Jabber.org chat service (xmpp) . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.7.4.  Gmail chat on the web (http) . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.7.5.  Gmail chat via a client (xmpp) . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.7.6.  Google Talk client . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.7.7.  AIM (AOL)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.7.8.  ICQ (AOL)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       3.7.9.  Skype  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.7.10. MSN  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.7.11. Webex  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.7.12. Sametime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       3.7.13. facetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     3.8.  T-8:NAT veification tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     3.9.  Test Result Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   4.  Interoperability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   5.  Next step  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   6.  Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   7.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   8.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   9.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   Appendix A.  Additional Stuff  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     A.1.  test network toplogy and parameters  . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     A.2.  Configuration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       A.2.1.  IPI  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
       A.2.2.  FNSC:BR  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
       A.2.3.  FNSC:CE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       A.2.4.  SEIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

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1.  Introduction

   Stateless IPv4 over IPv6 tunnel such as MAP(Mapping of Address and
   Port)/4rd(IPv4 Residual Deployment) designs to support IPv4 over IPv6
   island and resolve IPv4 shortage problem by Address and Port Mapping
   technique.  JApan Network Operators Group[JANOG] has presented
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] test environment to the JANOG30
   conference network.  This document describes
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] supported vendor's implementation,
   ipv4 functionality over IPv6 and interoperability report.

2.  Implementation Report

   Three vendors paticipanted to the JANOG30
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] test network.  In this
   session,describes information of "implementation reference" and
   "provisiong method".

2.1.  IpInfusion [IPI]

   -implementation reference

   [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd-00]

   -provisioning method

   CLI configuration

2.2.   FURUKAWA NETWORK SOLUTION [FNSC]

   -implementation reference

   [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd-00]

   -provisioning method

   CLI configuration

2.3.  Internet Initiative Japan [SEIL]

   -implementation reference

   [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd-00]

   -provisioning method

   CLI configuration

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3.  IPv4 functionality over IPv6

   4rd [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] uses A+P technologies with NAT44.
   Basic NAT requirement is defined as [RFC4787], [RFC5508] and
   [RFC5382].  But there is difference of implementation among vendors.
   ALG support also depends on vendors implementations.This test result
   is feedback from operators community [JANOG] to vendors and IETF
   community.

3.1.  T-1:ICMP

   Section 9 of [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] describes about ICMP
   handling in 4rd domain.

   IPv4 MTU configured 1460 in tunnel interface, because the conference
   network was well-managed.  It describes on Section 6 of
   [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd]

   T-1-1: echo/echo reply

   Test result of ICMP echo/echo reply between
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] network and global internet.

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | OK    | OK     | OK     |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   T-1-2: does not response

   Test result of ICMP host unreachable message from global internet to
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd].

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | OK    | OK     | OK     |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   T-1-3: ttl expire

   Test result of ICMP ttl expire message from global internet to
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd].

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   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | OK    | OK     | OK     |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   T-1-4: Packet too Big

   Could not confirm Packet too big message from
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] CE, because test terminal MTU size
   was 1300 even though 4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] CE's IPv4 MTU
   was configured as 1460.

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | N/A   | N/A    | N/A    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

3.2.  T-2:IPSec VPN

   IPSec VPN [RFC2401] uses ESP packets, therefore the client should
   support NAT traversal [RFC3948] under 4rd enviroment.

   T-2-1:IPSec

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | N.G   | N.G    | N.G    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   This result is expected behavior.

   T-2-2:IPSec VPN(UDP:NAT Traversal)

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

3.3.  T-3:SSL VPN

   It should be no problem, because SSL VPN[RFC4347] uses TCP sockets.

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   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

3.4.  T-4:FTP

   FTP[RFC0959] PORT(Active) and PASV(Passive) mode had sometimes
   problem in NAT44.  [RFC2428] is enhancement FTP for IPv6/NAT.  But
   4rd [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] devices need to support FTP ALG, if
   the implementation would not be deployed in widely.

   T-4-1:Passive(PASV) mode

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   T-4-2:Active(PORT) mode

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | N.G   | O.K    | O.K    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

   [IPI] does not support FTP Active mode in this configuration.

3.5.  T-5:PPTP

   PPTP[RFC2637] uses GRE and TCP port 1723.  Unless configuring to pass
   GRE and TCP port 1723, can not use PPTP on 4rd
   [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd].

   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | N.G   | N.G    | N.G    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

3.6.  T-6:L2TP

   L2TP/IPsec[RFC3193] should support on
   4rd[draft-murakami-softwire-4rd] using with NAT Traversal[RFC3948].

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   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Vendor | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+
   | Result | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    |
   +--------+-------+--------+--------+

3.7.  T-7:Instant Messaging and VoIP

   Verified functionality of Instant Messaging and VoIP tool that
   described on section 5.3 of [RFC6586] and facetime within same 4rd
   CE, different 4rd CEs and between 4rd BR and CE.

3.7.1.  Facebook on the web (http)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested both chat and video.

3.7.2.  Facebook via a client (xmpp)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

3.7.3.  Jabber.org chat service (xmpp)

   Not tested

3.7.4.  Gmail chat on the web (http)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

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   Tested chat,voice and video.

3.7.5.  Gmail chat via a client (xmpp)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

3.7.6.  Google Talk client

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat and voice.

3.7.7.  AIM (AOL)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat and video.

3.7.8.  ICQ (AOL)

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat,voice and video

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3.7.9.  Skype

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat,voice and video.

3.7.10.  MSN

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat,voice and video.

3.7.11.  Webex

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

   Tested chat,voice and video in the meeting.

3.7.12.  Sametime

   Not tested

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3.7.13.  facetime

   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | Combination | [IPI] | [FNSC] | [SEIL] | Internet |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+
   | [IPI]       | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [FNSC]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   | [SEIL]      | O.K   | O.K    | O.K    | O.K      |
   +-------------+-------+--------+--------+----------+

3.8.  T-8:NAT veification tool

   Acording to Section-8 of [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd], 4rd CE should
   support [RFC4787], [RFC5508] and [RFC5382] .  This section describes
   the result of 4rd CEs which were verified by test tool.

   T-8-1:STUN

   STUN server and UDP hole punching are used for online game.
   [RFC4787] is Best Current Practise of NAT behavior requirent for UDP.
   [STUN tools] and [public stun server] are useful to confirm
   functionality of online game.

   +------------------+------------+----------------+----------------+
   | Test item/vendor | [IPI]      | [FNSC]         | [SEIL]         |
   +------------------+------------+----------------+----------------+
   | REQ-1:           | Dependent  | Independent    | Independent    |
   | REQ-8:           | Not tested | Port Dependent | Port Dependent |
   | REQ-9:           | no hairpin | will hairpin   | no hairpin     |
   +------------------+------------+----------------+----------------+

   REQ-1: Endpoint-Independent Mapping

   REQ-8: Filtering Behavior

   REQ-9: Hairpinning

   T-6-2:NAT-Analyzer

   [NAT-Analyzer] is JAVA applet in the browser to verify NAT
   functionality.

   [IPI] Result [1]

   [FNSC] Result [2]

   [SEIL] Result [3]

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3.9.  Test Result Summary

   Most of modern applications and VPN protocols could use in multi
   vendor 4rd [draft-murakami-softwire-4rd].  But there is difference of
   [RFC4787] test result.  Some vendors might be fault when using online
   games.

4.  Interoperability

   4rd stateless technology that means does not need maintenance of
   state machine.  So there are no problem of interoperability.

   But configured ::1 as index of CE IPv6 address even though use shared
   IPv4 address.  A reason is for avoiding the trouble by the difference
   in the maturity of the anycast support between vendors.

5.  Next step

   We have test plan about MAP[draft-ietf-softwire-map].  The draft will
   updade to result of MAP[draft-ietf-softwire-map] or/and Unified
   4rd[draft-ietf-softwire-4rd].

6.  Contributors

   Test netork Contributors

   Chisato Kashiwagi Chisato.Kashiwagi@ipinfusion.com

   Hideaki Hayashi hide@fnsc.co.jp

   Hiromitsu Yunoki yunoki@fnsc.co.jp

   Kaihei Koyama koyama@kct.co.jp

   Kouki Ooyatsu kouki-o@iij.ad.jp

   Kunihiro Ishiguro kunihiro.ishiguro@access-company.com

   Shuuichi Saito shuu@fnsc.co.jp

   Takamasa Ogawa ogawa@kct.co.jp

   Takuya Iimura tiimura@cisco.com

   Tetsuya Murakami Tetsuya.Murakami@ipinfusion.com

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   Tomoki Murai murai@fnsc.co.jp

   Tomoyuki Sahara tsahara@iij.ad.jp

   Tomoyuki Fukunaga fukunaga@fnsc.co.jp

   Naoya Takeda ntakeda@cisco.com

   Ryo Sato sr.10005@konami.com

7.  Acknowledgements

   The author would like to thanks JANOG30 paticipants.The authors would
   like to thank you Satoru Matsushima,Seiichi Kawamura for their
   thorough review and comments.

8.  IANA Considerations

   This document has no actions for IANA.

9.  Security Considerations

   There is no additional security requirement.

10.  References

10.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-softwire-4rd]
              Despres, R., Penno, R., Lee, Y., Chen, G., and S. Jiang,
              "IPv4 Residual Deployment via IPv6 - a unified Stateless
              Solution (4rd)", draft-ietf-softwire-4rd-00 (work in
              progress), May 2012.

   [I-D.ietf-softwire-map]
              Troan, O., Dec, W., Li, X., Bao, C., Zhai, Y., Matsushima,
              S., and T. Murakami, "Mapping of Address and Port (MAP)",
              draft-ietf-softwire-map-00 (work in progress), June 2012.

   [I-D.murakami-softwire-4rd]
              Murakami, T. and O. Troan, "IPv4 Residual Deployment on
              IPv6 infrastructure - protocol specification",
              draft-murakami-softwire-4rd-00 (work in progress),
              July 2011.

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   [RFC0959]  Postel, J. and J. Reynolds, "File Transfer Protocol",
              STD 9, RFC 959, October 1985.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2401]  Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
              Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

   [RFC2637]  Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud, J., Little,
              W., and G. Zorn, "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol",
              RFC 2637, July 1999.

   [RFC3193]  Patel, B., Aboba, B., Dixon, W., Zorn, G., and S. Booth,
              "Securing L2TP using IPsec", RFC 3193, November 2001.

   [RFC3948]  Huttunen, A., Swander, B., Volpe, V., DiBurro, L., and M.
              Stenberg, "UDP Encapsulation of IPsec ESP Packets",
              RFC 3948, January 2005.

   [RFC4347]  Rescorla, E. and N. Modadugu, "Datagram Transport Layer
              Security", RFC 4347, April 2006.

   [RFC4787]  Audet, F. and C. Jennings, "Network Address Translation
              (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast UDP", BCP 127,
              RFC 4787, January 2007.

   [RFC5508]  Srisuresh, P., Ford, B., Sivakumar, S., and S. Guha, "NAT
              Behavioral Requirements for ICMP", BCP 148, RFC 5508,
              April 2009.

   [RFC6586]  Arkko, J. and A. Keranen, "Experiences from an IPv6-Only
              Network", RFC 6586, April 2012.

10.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-softwire-stateless-4v6-motivation]
              Boucadair, M., Matsushima, S., Lee, Y., Bonness, O.,
              Borges, I., and G. Chen, "Motivations for Stateless IPv4
              over IPv6 Migration Solutions",
              draft-ietf-softwire-stateless-4v6-motivation-00 (work in
              progress), September 2011.

   [JANOG]    ""JApan Network Operators Group"",
              <http://www.janog.gr.jp/en>.

   [NAT-Analyzer]
              ""Network Measurement Activites at TUM"",

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              <http://nattest.net.in.tum.de/>.

   [RFC3849]  Huston, G., Lord, A., and P. Smith, "IPv6 Address Prefix
              Reserved for Documentation", RFC 3849, July 2004.

   [RFC4443]  Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, "Internet Control
              Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet Protocol
              Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 4443, March 2006.

   [RFC5387]  Touch, J., Black, D., and Y. Wang, "Problem and
              Applicability Statement for Better-Than-Nothing Security
              (BTNS)", RFC 5387, November 2008.

   [RFC5569]  Despres, R., "IPv6 Rapid Deployment on IPv4
              Infrastructures (6rd)", RFC 5569, January 2010.

   [RFC5737]  Arkko, J., Cotton, M., and L. Vegoda, "IPv4 Address Blocks
              Reserved for Documentation", RFC 5737, January 2010.

   [RFC5952]  Kawamura, S. and M. Kawashima, "A Recommendation for IPv6
              Address Text Representation", RFC 5952, August 2010.

   [RFC6052]  Bao, C., Huitema, C., Bagnulo, M., Boucadair, M., and X.
              Li, "IPv6 Addressing of IPv4/IPv6 Translators", RFC 6052,
              October 2010.

   [RFC6104]  Chown, T. and S. Venaas, "Rogue IPv6 Router Advertisement
              Problem Statement", RFC 6104, February 2011.

   [RFC6145]  Li, X., Bao, C., and F. Baker, "IP/ICMP Translation
              Algorithm", RFC 6145, April 2011.

   [RFC6346]  Bush, R., "The Address plus Port (A+P) Approach to the
              IPv4 Address Shortage", RFC 6346, August 2011.

   [STUN tools]
              ""STUN Client and Server"",
              <http://sourceforge.net/projects/stun/>.

   [public stun server]
              ""stunserver.org"", <http://stunserver.org>.

URIs

   [1]  <http://nattest.net.in.tum.de/
        individualResult.php?hash=c8797328af6487a45bfc6d518e19b605>

   [2]  <http://nattest.net.in.tum.de/

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        individualResult.php?hash=332166a0250ffa522ef776d837a62221>

   [3]  <http://nattest.net.in.tum.de/
        individualResult.php?hash=d85f28343643bd82f9e1413ca7043564>

Appendix A.  Additional Stuff

A.1.  test network toplogy and parameters

                                .--.
                              _(.   `)
                            _(  IPv4  `)_
                           (  Internet   `)
                          ( `  .        )  )
                           `--(_______)---'
                                  |
                            +----------+
                            |  4rd BR  |
                            +----------+ 4rd BR IPv6 address
                                  |     2001:e90:30:1::2
                                .--.
                              _(.   `)
                            _(  IPv6  `)_
                           (  Backbone   `)    domain 4rd prefix:203.76.72.0/24
                          ( `  .        )  )   domain IPv6 prefix:2001:e90::/32
                           `--(_______)---'    CE IPv6 prefix:
                                  |            [FNSC]2001:e90:31::/48
                                  |            [SEIL]2001:e90:32::/48
                          +---------------+    [IPI] 2001:e90:33::/48
                          |  IPv6 Switch  |    PSID: 8bit
                          +---------------+    Tunnel Interface IPv4 MTU: 1460
                          |       |       |
                        [IPI]  [FNSC]   [SEIL]

                                 Figure 1

A.2.  Configuration

A.2.1.  IPI

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   # /etc/rc.local
   ip -f inet6 tunnel add map1
   ip -f inet6 tunnel change map1 map_mode 4rd
   wan_if_name lo
   map_border_router 2001:e90:30:1::2
   rule_ipv6_suffix 1
   rule_ipv4_prefix 203.76.72.0/24
   allow_private 1
   rule_ipv6_prefix 2001:e90::/32
   rule_eabits_length 16
   rule_ipv6_iid ::1                                                               map_autosetgw 1
   map_autosetaddr 1
   mss auto
   # /etc/sysctl.conf
   # 4RD Configuration
   net.ipv4.conf.all.forwarding=1
   net.ipv6.conf.all.nd_proxy_loopback=1
   net.xrd.delegated_prefix=2001:e90:33::/48

A.2.2.  FNSC:BR

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   ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 211.125.127.97
   ip route 203.76.72.0 255.255.255.0 tunnel 1
   !
   ipv6 route ::/0 2001:e90:30:1::1
   !
   interface GigaEthernet 1/9
    channel-group 19
   exit
   !
   !
   interface port-channel 19
    ip address 211.125.127.98 255.255.255.252
    ipv6 address 2001:e90:30:1::2/64
   exit
   !
   interface tunnel 1
   tunnel mode ipinip ipv4 ipv6-tunnel-profile 1
   exit
   !
   ipv4 ipv6-tunnel-profile 1
   profile-mode 4rd
   ipv4-global-prefix 203.76.72.0/24
   ipv6-global-prefix 2001:e90::/32
   user-len 16
   source-address 2001:e90:30:1::2
   ipv6-local-site-id 1
   ipv6-host-id ::1
   exit
   !
   end

A.2.3.  FNSC:CE

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ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 tunnel 1
!
access-list 1 permit any
access-list 10 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
!
ipv6 route ::/0 2001:e90:30:1000::1
!
ip nat ap_pool POOL1
 ipv6-tunnel-profile 1
exit
ip ipv6-tunnel-profile 1
 ipv6-global-prefix 2001:e90:31:1::1
 ipv6-prefix-len 32
 ipv4-global-prefix 203.76.72.0 255.255.255.0
 user-len 16
 ipv6-host-id ::1
 ipv6-local-site-id ::1
 br-address 2001:e90:30:1::2
exit
!
interface ewan 1
 ip mtu 1500
 ip address 211.125.127.70 255.255.255.224
 ip nat inside source list 1 interface
 ipv6 address 2001:e90:30:1000::6/64
 ipv6 mtu 1500
exit
interface lan 1
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip mtu 1500
 ipv6 address address-pool pool1 prefix-length 64 interface-id ::1 local-site-id ::1 local-site-id-len 16
 ipv6 mtu 1500
exit
interface tunnel 1
 tunnel mode ipip ipv6-tunnel-profile 1
 tunnel source 2001:e90:31:1::1
 ip mtu 1460
 ip nat inside source list 10 ap_pool POOL1
exit
!

A.2.4.  SEIL

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interface lan0 add 192.168.2.1/24
interface lan0 add 2001:e90:32:1::1/64
interface lan1 add 2001:e90:30:1000::7/64
interface frd0 mtu 1460
interface frd0 tcp-mss 1420
route add default frd0
route6 add default 2001:e90:30:1000::1
nat napt add private 192.168.2.0-192.168.2.255 interface frd0
nat proxy sip add port 5060 protocol tcpudp
frd mode ce
frd ce-address 2001:e90:32:1::1
frd br-address 2001:e90:30:1::2
frd rule add JANOG external-ipv4-prefix 203.76.72.0/24 internal-ipv6-prefix 2001:e90::/32 index-length 16 host-id ::1

Authors' Addresses

   Shishio Tsuchiya (editor)
   Cisco Systems
   Midtown Tower, 9-7-1,Akasaka
   Minato-Ku, Tokyo  107-6227
   Japan

   Phone: +81 3 6434 6543
   Email: shtsuchi@cisco.com

   Shuichi Ohkubo
   Sakura Internet
   33F Sumitomo fudosan Nishi shinjuku Bldg.,7-20-1 Nishi shinjuku
   Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo  160-0023
   Japan

   Phone: +81 3 5332 7070
   Email: ohkubo@sakura.ad.jp

   Yuya Kawakami
   INTERNET MULTIFEED CO.
   OTEMACHI 1st.SQUARE EAST TOWER,3F 1-5-1,Otemachi,
   Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo  100-0004
   Japan

   Phone: +81 3 3282 1040
   Email: kawakami@mfeed.ad.jp

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