An Architecture for Security Management in I2NSF Framework
draft-kim-i2nsf-security-management-architecture-02
Network Working Group H. Kim
Internet-Draft H. Ko
Intended status: Standards Track S. Oh
Expires: April 8, 2017 J. Jeong
Sungkyunkwan University
S. Lee
Korea Telecom
October 5, 2016
An Architecture for Security Management in I2NSF Framework
draft-kim-i2nsf-security-management-architecture-02
Abstract
This document describes an architecture for security management in
the Interface to Network Security Functions (I2NSF) framework. This
security management architecture consists of I2NSF Client, Security
Management System (i.e., Security Controller and Developer's
Management System), and Network Security Functions (NSFs) in the
I2NSF framework. I2NSF Client consists of Application Logic, Policy
Updater, and Event Collector. Security Controller consists of
Security Policy Manager and NSF Capability Manager. This document
explains their missions and the processing of security management in
a high level. It also describes representative use cases, such as
security management for the list of malware domains, security
management for VoIP-VoLTE and time-dependent access control.
Status of This Memo
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Architecture of Security Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5.1. Security Policy Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5.2. NSF Capability Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.3. Developer's Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.4. Application Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.5. Policy Updater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.6. Event Collector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Use Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6.1. Security Management for the List of Malware Domains . . . 7
6.2. Security Management for VoIP-VoLTE . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
6.3. Security Management for Time-Dependent Access Control . . 9
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Appendix A. Changes from
draft-kim-i2nsf-security-management-architecture-01 . 10
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1. Introduction
To enforce a user's high-level security policy into the I2NSF
framework [i2nsf-framework], I2NSF Client delivers such a policy to
Security Controller via Client Facing Interface. In this document,
an architecture for security management is proposed for a given high-
level policy in the I2NSF framework. This architecture contains
I2NSF Client, Security Management System (i.e., Security Controller
and Developer's Management System), and NSFs in the I2NSF framework.
I2NSF Client includes Application Logic, Policy Updater, and Event
Collector. Security Controller contains Security Policy Manager and
NSF Capability Manager.
Security Policy Manager and NSF Capability Manager in Security
Controller are responsible for controlling the updated security
policy which will be given by Policy Updater in I2NSF Client via
Client Facing Interface. If a new policy were created or existing
policies needed to be updated, Policy Updater delivers them to
Security Controller. On the other hand, when an event occurs for NSF
to change a low-level policy, NSF sends the event to Security
Controlleri. Security Controller then forwards it to Event
Collector. Next, Event Collector sends it to Application Logic.
Application Logic then updates the current policies in accordance
with the event.
In this document, we propose a security management architecture that
integrates additional components for security management into the
I2NSF framework. Our architecture is designed to support flexible
and effective security policies. Application Logic generates a high-
level policy and Policy Updater sends it to Security Policy Manager
via Client Facing Interface. Security Policy Manager maps the high-
level policy into several low-level policies in Security Controller.
After mapping, the low-level policies are distributed to NSF(s) so
that they can be enforced in them.
2. Objectives
The two main objectives for security management architecture in this
document are as follows.
o High-level security management: To propose the design of a generic
security management architecture to support the enforcement of
flexible and effective security policies in NSFs.
o Automatic update of security policies: To provide the reflection
of the updated low-level security policies for new security
attacks on the corresponding high-level security policies.
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3. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
4. Terminology
This document uses the terminology described in [i2nsf-framework].
In addition, the following terms are defined below:
o Application Logic: It is a component in the security management
architecture which generates high-level security policies to block
or mitigate security attacks.
o Policy Updater: It is a component which forwards a high-level
security policy to Security Controller. The high-level policy is
received from Application Logic.
o Security Policy Manager: It maps a high-level security policy
received from Policy Updater into low-level security policies, and
vice versa.
o NSF Capability Manager: It is a component which stores the NSF
capability registered by Developer's Management System via
Registration Interface and shares it with Security Policy Manger
to generate the corresponding low-level security policies.
o Event Collector: It is a component which receives an event from
Security Controller, which should be reflected by updating (or
generating) a high-level policy in Application Logic.
5. Architecture of Security Management
This section describes a security management architecture in I2NSF
and focuses on Security Management System containing Security
Controller and Developer's Management System. It also explains some
basic operations of Security Controller and describes the details of
each component consisting the architecture.
Figure 1 shows a security management architecture in the I2NSF
framework. The architecture is designed to support the enforcement
of flexible and effective security policies. Application Logic in
I2NSF Client generates a high-level policy in accordance with new
security attacks, and Policy Updater in I2NSF Client then sends the
policy to Security Policy Manager in Security Controller. Security
Policy Manager maps the high-level policy into several low-level
policies which are relevant to NSF capability registered into NSF
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Capability Manager. After mapping, the low-level policies are
distributed to NSF(s) by Security Policy Manager through NSF Facing
Interface. In the following sections, we explain the details of each
component.
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| I2NSF Client |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| -->| Application Logic |<-- |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | |
| | | |
| | | |
| +-+-+-+v+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+v+-+-+-+ |
| | Policy Updater | | Event | |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Collector | |
| | +-+-+-+^+-+-+-+ |
| | | |
| | | |
| | ------------------- |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| | Client Facing Interface
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Security Management System| | |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+v+-+-+-+-+ |
| |Security Controller | |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Registration |
| | |Security | |NSF | | Interface +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |Policy | |Capability | |<----------->| Developer's | |
| | |Manager | |Manager | | | Mgnt System | |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+ | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-^-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| NSF Facing Interface
+-+-+v+-+-+
| NSF |
+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 1: Security Management Architecture in I2NSF
5.1. Security Policy Manager
Security Policy Manager is a component which receives a high-level
policy from Policy Updater via Client Facing Interface, and maps the
high-level policy into several low-level policies which are relevant
to a given NSF capability from NSF Capability Manager. Additionally,
Security Policy Manager delivers those policies to NSF(s) via NSF
Facing Interface.
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On the other hand, when an event that requires the low-level policies
to be changed happens in NSF, NSF sends the event to Security Policy
Manager via NSF Facing Interface. Security Policy Manager then sends
it to Event collector via Client Facing Interface.
5.2. NSF Capability Manager
NSF Capability Manager is a component integrated into Security
Controller. It stores the NSF capability registered by Developer's
Management System via Registration Interface and shares it with
Security Policy Manager so that Security Policy Manager can generate
low-level policies relevant to a given NSF capability. Moreover,
whenever a new NSF is registered, NSF Capability Manager requests
Developer's Management System to register the NSF capability into the
management table of NSF Capability Manager via Registration
Interface. On the other hand, when the existing NSF is deleted, NSF
Capability Manager eliminates the NSF capability from its management
table.
5.3. Developer's Management System
Developer's Management System is a component which registers a new
NSF's capability to NSF Capability Manager via Registration
Interface. Moreover, in case there are some updates in the
registered NSF, such updates will be delivered from Developer's
Management System to NSF Capability Manager.
5.4. Application Logic
Application Logic is a component which generates a high-level
security policy to block or mitigate security attacks, and sends the
generated policies to Policy Updater. However, this component is out
of our standardization scope. We explain its detailed operations in
two use cases in Section 6.
5.5. Policy Updater
Policy Updater is a component which receives a high-level security
policy generated by Application Logic and delivers it to Security
Policy Manager via Client Facing Interface.
5.6. Event Collector
Event Collector receives an event from Security Controller, which
should be reflected by updating (or generating) a high-level policy
in Application Logic. The procedure of receiving an event in NSF is
necessary because a low-level security policy can be updated
according to a specific event that occurred in an NSF. After
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receiving the event, Event Collector forwards it to Application Logic
so that Application Logic can update (or generate) a high-level
security policy based on the event received from Security Controller.
6. Use Cases
A generic architecture is designed to react to security attacks that
can occur in a real world environment. This section shows the
procedure of the defense for security attacks in the I2NSF framework
[i2nsf-framework] for a given list of security attacks in malware
domains, VoIP/VoLTE security attacks, and time-dependent access
control.
6.1. Security Management for the List of Malware Domains
Malware domain blacklisting maintains and publishes the blacklists of
IP addresses of possible attacking hosts, servers, and networks that
are suspicious of malicious activities. Figure 2 shows a security
management architecture for Malware Domain Blacklisting.
Based on the malware domain blacklisting, the list of malware domains
can be updated either manually or automatically by Malware Domain
Manager in I2NSF Client. Malware Domain Manager also periodically
generates a new high-level security policy to prevent the delivery of
packets from/to those newly added malware domains and enforce the
low-level security policies in NSF. Additionally, Malware Domain
Manager sends the new high-level security policy to Policy Updater,
which forwards it to Security Controller.
When NSF detects a new dangerous domain, the corresponding IP
addresses are sent by an NSF to Security controller via NSF Facing
Interface. Security Controller delivers the IP addresses to Event
Collector, which in turn forwards the IP addresses to Dangerous
Domain Manager. Finally, Dangerous Domain Manager updates the
Dangerous domain database.
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+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| I2NSF Client |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| -->|Malware Domain Manager |<-- |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | |
| | | |
| | | |
| +-+-+-+v+-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+v+-+-+ |
| | Policy Updater | | Event | |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Collector | |
| | +-+-+-+^+-+-+-+ |
| | | |
| | | |
| | ------------------- |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| |Client Facing Interface
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+|+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|Security Management System| |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+v+-+-+-+-+ |
| |Security Controller | |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Registration |
| | |Security | |NSF | | Interface +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| | |Policy | |Capability | |<----------->| Developer's | |
| | |Manager | |Manager | | | Mgnt System | |
| | +-+-+-+-+-+ +-+-+-+-+-+-+ | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
| +-+-+-+-+-+-^-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-|-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|NSF Facing Interface
+-+-+v+-+-+
| NSF |
+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 2: Malware Domain Blacklisting
6.2. Security Management for VoIP-VoLTE
VoIP-VoLTE security management maintains and publishes the blacklists
of IP addresses, source ports, expire time, user-agents, and Session
Initiation Protocol (SIP) URIs of SIP device that are suspicious of
illegal call and authentication. In our generic security management
architecture, VoIP-VoLTE Security Manager is plays the role of
Application Logic for VoIP-VoLTE security services in Figure 1.
Based on VoIP-VoLTE security management, the list of illegal devices
information can be updated either manually or automatically by VoIP-
VoLTE Security Manager as Application Logic. Also, VoIP-VoLTE
Security Manager periodically generates a new high-level security
policy to prevent the delivery of packets from/to those newly added
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VoIP-VoLTE attackers and enforce the low-level security policies in
NSF. It sends the new high-level security policy to Policy Updater,
which forwards it to Security Controller.
When the NSF detects an anomalous message or call delivered from a
domain, the domain information such as an IP address, user-agents and
expire time values is sent by an NSF to Security Controller via NSF
Facing Interface. Security Controller delivers it to Event
Collector. Event Collector forwards the detected domain information
to VoIP-VoLTE Security Manager, and then VoIP-VoLTE Security Manager
updates the VoIP-VoLTE database.
6.3. Security Management for Time-Dependent Access Control
Time-dependent access control policies manage a user's access to
particular websites during a certain period of time. For example, in
a company, a manager blocks employees' access to Youtube, which is a
big distraction during working hours.
Based on time-dependent access control, I2NSF Client registers the
list of blocked websites and blocking time at Application logic.
Application logic stores the list into database and generates a high-
level security policy (e.g., blocking the access to websites by
checking the blocked websites and blocking time in the list).
Application logic delivers it to Policy updater, and then Policy
updater forwards it to Security controller. In Security controller,
Security policy manager maps the high-level policy to low-level
policies, and then it sends the corresponding NSFs to enforce the
low-level policies.
7. Security Considerations
The security management architecture is derived from the I2NSF
framework [i2nsf-framework], so the security considerations of the
I2NSF framework should be included in this document. Especially,
proper secure communication channels should be used for the delivery
of control or management messages amongst the components in the
proposed architecture.
8. Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Institute for Information & communications
Technology Promotion(IITP) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP)
(No.R-20160222-002755, Cloud based Security Intelligence Technology
Development for the Customized Security Service Provisioning). This
document has greatly benefited from inputs by Mahdi Daghmehchi-
Firoozjaei, Eunsoo Kim, Soyoung Kim, and Tae-Jin Ahn.
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9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to
Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
March 1997.
9.2. Informative References
[i2nsf-framework] Lopez, E., Lopez, D., Dunbar, L., Strassner, J.,
Zhuang, X., Parrott, J., Krishnan, R., Durbha, S.,
Kumar, R., and A. Lohiya, "Framework for Interface
to Network Security Functions",
draft-ietf-i2nsf-framework-03 (work in progress),
August 2016.
Appendix A. Changes from
draft-kim-i2nsf-security-management-architecture-01
The following changes were made from
draft-kim-i2nsf-security-management-architecture-01:
o This version reflects the framework for I2NSF in
draft-ietf-i2nsf-framework-03.
o As a term change, Policy Collector is renamed Event Collector.
o A new use case for time-dependent access control is added.
o As a logic change, NSF generates an event rather than an updated
low-level policy for a new security attack, and then sends it to
Security Controller.
Authors' Addresses
Hyoungshick Kim
Department of Software
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 299 4324
Fax: +82 31 290 7996
EMail: hyoung@skku.edu
URI: http://seclab.skku.edu/people/hyoungshick-kim/
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Hoon Ko
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82-31-299-4104
EMail: skoh21@skku.edu
Sanghak Oh
Department of Software
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82-31-299-4104
EMail: osh09@skku.edu
Jaehoon Paul Jeong
Department of Software
Sungkyunkwan University
2066 Seobu-Ro, Jangan-Gu
Suwon, Gyeonggi-Do 16419
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 31 299 4957
Fax: +82 31 290 7996
EMail: pauljeong@skku.edu
URI: http://iotlab.skku.edu/people-jaehoon-jeong.php
Se-Hui Lee
Korea Telecom
70 Yuseong-Ro, Yuseong-Gu
Daejeon 305-811
Republic of Korea
Phone: +82 42 870 8162
EMail: sehuilee@kt.com
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