Use of GOST 2012 Signature Algorithms in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource Records for DNSSEC
draft-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec-00
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 9558.
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Dmitry Belyavsky , Vasily Dolmatov , Boris Makarenko | ||
| Last updated | 2023-09-01 (Latest revision 2023-05-10) | ||
| RFC stream | Independent Submission | ||
| Formats | |||
| Reviews | |||
| IETF conflict review | conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec, conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec, conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec, conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec, conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec, conflict-review-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec | ||
| Stream | ISE state | Response to Review Needed | |
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draft-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec-00
Network Working Group D. Belyavskiy
Internet-Draft TCINET
Intended status: Informational V. Dolmatov, Ed.
Expires: 11 November 2023 JSC "NPK Kryptonite"
B. Makarenko, Ed.
The Technical center of Internet, LLC
10 May 2023
Use of GOST 2012 Signature Algorithms in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource
Records for DNSSEC
draft-makarenko-gost2012-dnssec-00
Abstract
This document describes how to produce digital signatures and hash
functions using the GOST R 34.10-2012 and GOST R 34.11-2012
algorithms for DNSKEY, RRSIG, and DS resource records, for use in the
Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC).
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 11 November 2023.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. DNSKEY Resource Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. Using a Public Key with Existing Cryptographic
Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2. GOST DNSKEY RR Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. RRSIG Resource Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. RRSIG RR Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. DS Resource Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.1. DS RR Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5. Operational Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.1. Key Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.2. Signature Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5.3. Digest Sizes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. Implementation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
9. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
10.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
10.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1. Introduction
The Domain Name System (DNS) is the global hierarchically distributed
database for Internet Naming. The DNS has been extended to use
cryptographic keys and digital signatures for the verification of the
authenticity and integrity of its data. RFC 4033 [RFC4033], RFC 4034
[RFC4034], and RFC 4035 [RFC4035] describe these DNS Security
Extensions, called DNSSEC.
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RFC 4034 describes how to store DNSKEY and RRSIG resource records,
and specifies a list of cryptographic algorithms to use. This
document extends that list with the signature and hash algorithms
GOST R 34.10-2012 ([RFC7091]) and GOST R 34.11-2012 ([RFC6986]), and
specifies how to store DNSKEY data and how to produce RRSIG resource
records with these algorithms.
Algorithms GOST R 34.10-2012 and GOST R 34.11-2012 are national
standards. Their cryptographic properties haven't been independently
verified.
Familiarity with DNSSEC and with GOST signature and hash algorithms
is assumed in this document.
1.1. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
2. DNSKEY Resource Records
The format of the DNSKEY RR can be found in RFC 4034 [RFC4034].
GOST R 34.10-2012 public keys are stored with the algorithm number
TBA1.
According to RFC 7091 [RFC7091], a public key is a point on the
elliptic curve Q = (x,y). The wire representation of a public key
MUST contain 64 octets, where the first 32 octets contain the little-
endian representation of x and the second 32 octets contain the
little-endian representation of y.
As RFC 6986 and RFC 7091 allows 2 variants of length of the output
hash and signature and many variants of parameters of the digital
signature, for the purpose of this document we use 256-bit variant of
the digital signature algorithm, corresponding 256-bit variant of the
digest algorithm. We select the parameters for the digital signature
algorithm to be id-tc26-gost-3410-2012-256-paramSetA in RFC 7836
[RFC7836].
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2.1. Using a Public Key with Existing Cryptographic Libraries
At the time of this writing, existing GOST-aware cryptographic
libraries are capable of reading GOST public keys via a generic X.509
API if the key is encoded according to RFC 7091 [RFC7091],
Section 2.3.2.
To make this encoding from the wire format of a GOST public key with
the parameters used in this document, prepend the 64 octets of key
data with the following 32-byte sequence:
0x30 0x5e 0x30 0x17 0x06 0x08 0x2a 0x85
0x03 0x07 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x01 0x30 0x0b
0x06 0x09 0x2a 0x85 0x03 0x07 0x01 0x02
0x01 0x01 0x01 0x03 0x43 0x00 0x04 0x40
These bytes provide the following ASN.1 structure suitable for
parsing by cryptographic toolkits:
0 62: SEQUENCE {
2 1: INTEGER 0
5 23: SEQUENCE {
7 8: OBJECT IDENTIFIER '1 2 643 7 1 1 1 1'
17 11: SEQUENCE {
19 9: OBJECT IDENTIFIER '1 2 643 7 1 2 1 1 1'
: }
: }
30 32: OCTET STRING
The OIDs in the structure above represent GOsudarstvennyy STandart
(GOST) R 34.10-2012 public keys with 256 bits private key length
algorithm with Parameter set A for Keyed-Hash Message Authentication
Code (HMAC) transformation based on the GOsudarstvennyy STandart
(GOST) R 34.11-2012 hash function with 256-bit output according to
RFC 7836 [RFC7836] and RFC 9125 [RFC9125].
2.2. GOST DNSKEY RR Example
Given a private key with the following value:
Private-key-format: v1.2
Algorithm: 23 (ECC-GOST12)
Gost12Asn1: MD4CAQAwFwYIKoUDBwEBAQEwCwYJKoUDBwECAQEBBCD/Mw9o6R5lQHJ13jz0
W+C1tdsS4W7RJn04rk9MGJq3Hg==
The following DNSKEY RR stores a DNS zone key for example:
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example. 600 IN DNSKEY 256 3 23 (
XGiiHlKUJd5fSeAK5O3L4tUNCPxs4pGqum6wKbqjdkqu
IQ8nOXrilXZ9HcY8b2AETkWrtWHfwvJD4twPPJFQSA==
) ;{id = 47355 (zsk), size = 512b}
Public key can be calculated from the private key using algorithm
described in RFC 7091 [RFC7091].
[RFC Editor note: Algorithm numbers 23 and 5 are used as an example
in this document, since the actual numbers have not yet been
assigned.]
3. RRSIG Resource Records
The value of the signature field in the RRSIG RR follows RFC 7091
[RFC7091] and is calculated as follows. The values for the RDATA
fields that precede the signature data are specified in RFC 4034
[RFC4034].
hash = GOSTR3411-2012(data)
where "data" is the wire format data of the resource record set that
is signed, as specified in RFC 4034 [RFC4034].
The signature is calculated from the hash according to the GOST R
34.10-2012 standard, and its wire format is compatible with RFC 7091
[RFC7091].
3.1. RRSIG RR Example
Consider a given RRset consisting of one MX RR to be signed with the
private key described in Section 2.2 of this document:
example. 600 IN MX 10 mail.example.
Setting the inception date to 2022-10-06 12:32:30 UTC and the
expiration date to 2022-11-03 12:32:30 UTC, the following signature
RR will be valid:
example. 600 IN RRSIG MX 23 1 600 20221103123230 (
20221006123230 47355 example.
EuLO0Qpn6zT1pzj9T2H5AWjcgzfmjNiK/vj811bExa0V
HMOVD9ma8rpf0B+D+V4Q0CWu1Ayzu+H/SyndnOWGxw==
)
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The GOST R 34.10-2012 signature algorithm uses random (pseudorandom)
integer k as described in Section 6.1 of RFC 7091 [RFC7091]. The
following constant was used to replace k to provide a reproducible
signature example.
k = 8BBD0CE7CAF3FC1C2503DF30D13ED5DB75EEC44060FA22FB7E29628407C1E34
This constant MUST NOT be used when computing GOST R 34.10-2012
signatures. It is provided only so the above signature example can
be reproduced. The actual signature value will differ between
signature calculations.
4. DS Resource Records
The GOST R 34.11-2012 digest algorithm is denoted in DS RRs by the
digest type TBA2. The wire format of a digest value is compatible
with RFC 6986 [RFC6986].
4.1. DS RR Example
For Key Signing Key (KSK):
example. IN DNSKEY 257 3 23 (
p8Req8DLJOfPymO5vExuK4gCcihF5N1YL7veCJ47av+w
h/qs9yJpD064k02rYUHfWnr7IjvJlbn3Z0sTZe9GRQ==
) ;{id = 29468 (ksk), size = 512b}
The DS RR will be:
example. IN DS 29468 23 5 (
6033725b0ccfc05d1e9d844d49c6cf89
0b13d5eac9439189947d5db6c8d1c1ec
)
5. Operational Considerations
5.1. Key Sizes
The key size of GOST public keys conforming to this specification
MUST be 512 bits according to RFC 7091 [RFC7091].
5.2. Signature Sizes
The size of a GOST signature conforming to this specification MUST be
512 bits according to RFC 7091 [RFC7091].
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5.3. Digest Sizes
The size of a GOST digest conforming to this specification MUST be
256 bits according to RFC 6986 [RFC6986].
6. Implementation Considerations
The support of this cryptographic suite in DNSSEC-aware systems is
OPTIONAL. According to RFC6840 [RFC6840], Section 5.2 systems that
do not support these algorithms MUST ignore the RRSIG, DNSKEY and DS
records created with them.
[(To be removed in RFC). To check the correctness of the
implementation, authors recommend using OpenSSL 1.1.1 or 3.0.x
series, a fork of ldns available at
https://github.com/beldmit/ldns/tree/gost2012, and a reference
implementation of GOST crypto algorithms available at
https://github.com/gost-engine/engine.]
7. IANA Considerations
This document updates the IANA registry "DNS Security Algorithm
Numbers". The following entries have been added to the registry:
Zone Trans.
Value Algorithm Mnemonic Signing Sec. References
TBA1 GOST R 34.10-2012 ECC-GOST12 Y * RFC TBA
This document updates the IANA registry "Delegation Signer (DS)
Resource Record (RR) Type Digest Algorithms" by adding an entry for
the GOST R 34.11-2012 algorithm:
Value Algorithm
TBA2 GOST R 34.11-2012
[RFC editor note: For the purpose of example computations, the
following values were used: TBA1 = 23, TBA2 = 5. If the assigned
values will differ, the example keys and signatures will have to be
recalculated before the official publication of the RFC.]
8. Security Considerations
It is recommended to use a dual KSK algorithm signed zone until GOST-
aware DNSSEC software become more widespread, unless GOST-only
cryptography is required. Otherwise, GOST-signed zones may be
considered unsigned by the DNSSEC software currently in use.
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Currently, the cryptographic resistance of the GOST R 34.10-2012
digital signature algorithm is estimated as 2**128 operations of
multiple elliptic curve point computations on prime modulus of order
2**256.
Currently, the cryptographic collision resistance of the GOST R
34.11-2012 hash algorithm is estimated as 2**128 operations of
computations of a step hash function.
9. Acknowledgments
This document is a minor extension to RFC 4034 [RFC4034]. Also, we
tried to follow the documents RFC 3110 [RFC3110], RFC 4509 [RFC4509],
and RFC 5933 [RFC5933] for consistency. The authors of and
contributors to these documents are gratefully acknowledged for their
hard work.
The following people provided additional feedback, text, and valuable
assistance: Alexander Venedyukhin, Michael StJohns, Valery Smyslov,
Tim Wicinski, Stephane Bortzmeyer.
10. References
10.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3110] Eastlake 3rd, D., "RSA/SHA-1 SIGs and RSA KEYs in the
Domain Name System (DNS)", RFC 3110, DOI 10.17487/RFC3110,
May 2001, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3110>.
[RFC4033] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S.
Rose, "DNS Security Introduction and Requirements",
RFC 4033, DOI 10.17487/RFC4033, March 2005,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4033>.
[RFC4034] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S.
Rose, "Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions",
RFC 4034, DOI 10.17487/RFC4034, March 2005,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4034>.
[RFC4035] Arends, R., Austein, R., Larson, M., Massey, D., and S.
Rose, "Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security
Extensions", RFC 4035, DOI 10.17487/RFC4035, March 2005,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4035>.
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[RFC6840] Weiler, S., Ed. and D. Blacka, Ed., "Clarifications and
Implementation Notes for DNS Security (DNSSEC)", RFC 6840,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6840, February 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6840>.
[RFC6986] Dolmatov, V., Ed. and A. Degtyarev, "GOST R 34.11-2012:
Hash Function", RFC 6986, DOI 10.17487/RFC6986, August
2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6986>.
[RFC7091] Dolmatov, V., Ed. and A. Degtyarev, "GOST R 34.10-2012:
Digital Signature Algorithm", RFC 7091,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7091, December 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7091>.
[RFC7836] Smyshlyaev, S., Ed., Alekseev, E., Oshkin, I., Popov, V.,
Leontiev, S., Podobaev, V., and D. Belyavsky, "Guidelines
on the Cryptographic Algorithms to Accompany the Usage of
Standards GOST R 34.10-2012 and GOST R 34.11-2012",
RFC 7836, DOI 10.17487/RFC7836, March 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7836>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
10.2. Informative References
[RFC4509] Hardaker, W., "Use of SHA-256 in DNSSEC Delegation Signer
(DS) Resource Records (RRs)", RFC 4509,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4509, May 2006,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4509>.
[RFC5933] Dolmatov, V., Ed., Chuprina, A., and I. Ustinov, "Use of
GOST Signature Algorithms in DNSKEY and RRSIG Resource
Records for DNSSEC", RFC 5933, DOI 10.17487/RFC5933, July
2010, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5933>.
[RFC9125] Farrel, A., Drake, J., Rosen, E., Patel, K., and L. Jalil,
"Gateway Auto-Discovery and Route Advertisement for Site
Interconnection Using Segment Routing", RFC 9125,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9125, August 2021,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9125>.
Authors' Addresses
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Dmitry Belyavskiy
TCINET
8 marta st
Moscow
Russian Federation
Phone: +7 916 262 5593
Email: beldmit@gmail.com
Vasily Dolmatov (editor)
JSC "NPK Kryptonite"
Spartakovskaya sq., 14, bld 2, JSC "NPK Kryptonite"
Moscow
105082
Russian Federation
Email: vdolmatov@gmail.com
Boris Makarenko (editor)
The Technical center of Internet, LLC
8 marta str., 1, bld 12
Moscow
127083
Russian Federation
Email: bmakarenko@tcinet.ru
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