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A Uniform Resource Name Namespace for the GSM Association (GSMA) and the International Mobile station Equipment Identity (IMEI)
draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-10

The information below is for an old version of the document.
Document Type
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft that was ultimately published as RFC 7254.
Authors Michael Montemurro , Andrew Allen , David McDonald , Paul Gosden
Last updated 2012-07-09
RFC stream Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
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IESG IESG state Became RFC 7254 (Informational)
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Responsible AD Gonzalo Camarillo
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Send notices to mmontemurro@rim.com, leslie@thinkingcat.com
draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-10
Network Working Group                                 M. Montemurro, Ed.
Internet-Draft                                                  A. Allen
Intended status: Informational                  Research in Motion (RIM)
Expires: January 10, 2013                                    D. McDonald
                                                            unaffiliated
                                                               P. Gosden
                                                         GSM Association
                                                            July 9, 2012

A Uniform Resource Name Namespace for the GSM Association (GSMA) and the
         International Mobile station Equipment Identity (IMEI)
                   draft-montemurro-gsma-imei-urn-10

Abstract

   This specification defines a Uniform Resource Name namespace for the
   GSMA and a sub namespace for the IMEI (International Mobile station
   Equipment Identity), and associated parameter for the IMEISV
   (International Mobile station Equipment Identity and Software Version
   number).  The IMEI is 15 decimal digits long and the IMEISV is 16
   decimal digits long and both are encoded using Binary Encoded Decimal
   (BCD).  The IMEI and IMEISV were introduced as part of the
   specification for Global System for Mobile (GSM) and are also now
   incorporated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as part
   of the 3GPP specification for GSM, the Universal Mobile
   Telecommunications System (UMTS) and 3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution).
   The IMEI and IMEISV are used to uniquely identify Mobile Equipment
   within these systems and are managed by the GSMA (GSM Association).

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
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   Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on January 10, 2013.

Copyright Notice

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   Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4

   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5

   3.  Namespace Registration Template  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  GSMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5

   4.  Specification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     4.1.  IMEI Format  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       4.1.1.  Type Allocation Code (TAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       4.1.2.  Serial Number (SNR)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
       4.1.3.  Spare  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     4.2.  IMEISV Format  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       4.2.1.  Type Allocation Code (TAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       4.2.2.  Serial Number (SNR)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
       4.2.3.  Software Version Number (SVN)  . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

   5.  Community considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

   6.  Namespace considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

   7.  IANA considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

   8.  Security considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

   9.  Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

   10. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     10.1. Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     10.2. Informative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

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1.  Introduction

   This specification defines a Uniform Resource Name namespace for the
   GSMA (GSM Association) and a sub namespace for the IMEI
   (International Mobile station Equipment Identity), and associated
   parameter for the Software Version number from the IMEISV
   (International Mobile station Equipment Identity and Software Version
   number) as per the namespace registration requirement found in [1].
   GSMA is an identifier for a namespace for identities used by Mobile
   Equipment used in GSM, UMTS and LTE networks.  The IMEI and the
   IMEISV are managed by the GSMA, so this namespace would be managed by
   the GSMA.  Whilst this specification currently specifies only the
   IMEI sub namespace under the GSMA URN namespace additional sub
   namespaces under the GSMA namespace may be specified in the future by
   the GSMA through the publication of future informational RFCs.

   The IMEI is 15 decimal digits long and includes a Type Allocation
   Code (TAC) of 8 decimal digits and the Serial Number (SNR) of 6
   decimal digits plus a Spare decimal digit.  The TAC identifies the
   type of the Mobile Equipment and is chosen from a range of values
   allocated to the Mobile Equipment manufacturer in order to uniquely
   identify the model of the Mobile Equipment.  The SNR is an individual
   serial number that uniquely identifies each Mobile Equipment within
   the TAC.  The Spare digit is used as a security check to combat
   potential spoofing and is always set to the value 0 when transmitted
   by the Mobile Equipment.

   The IMEISV is 16 decimal digits long and includes the TAC and SNR
   same as for the IMEI but also a 2 decimal digit Software Version
   Number (SVN) which is allocated by the Mobile Equipment manufacturer
   to identify the software version of the Mobile Equipment.

   The information here is meant to be a concise guide for those wishing
   to use the IMEI and IMEISV as URNs.  Nothing in this document should
   be construed to override 3GPP TS 23.003 [2] that defines the IMEI and
   IMEISV.

   The GSM Association (GSMA) is a global trade association representing
   more than 750 GSM mobile phone operators across 218 territories and
   countries of the world.  The primary goals of the GSMA are to ensure
   mobile phones and wireless services work globally and are easily
   accessible.  Further details about the GSMA role in allocating the
   IMEI and the IMEISV and the IMEI and IMEISV allocation guidelines can
   be found in GSMA TS 06 [3]

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2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [4].

3.  Namespace Registration Template

3.1.  GSMA

   Namespace ID:  "gsma" requested

   Registration Information:

   Registration version number:  1

   Registration date:  2011-07-08

   Declared registrant of the namespace:  GSM Association, 1st Floor,
      Mid City Place, 71 High Holborn, London, England

   Declaration of syntactic structure:
      The identifier is expressed in ASCII characters and has a
      hierarchical structure expressed using the augmented Backus-Naur
      Form (ABNF) defined in [8] as follows:

       gsma-urn = "urn:gsma:" gsma-specifier
                  *(":" gsma-specifier-defined-substring)
                  *(";" gsma-specifier-param)

       gsma-specifier  = "imei" / gsma-specifier-defined-string
       gsma-specifier-defined-string  = gsma-approved-nonempty-string
       gsma-specifier-defined-substring  = gsma-approved-nonempty-string
       gsma-specifier-defined-param-name  = gsma-approved-nonempty-string
       gsma-specifier-defined-param-val = gsma-approved-string
       gsma-specifier-param =
                       "svn" "=" software-version-string /
                       "vers" "=" gsma-format-version-string /
                       gsma-specifier-defined-param-name "="
                       1*(gsma-specifier-defined-param-val)
       software-version-string = 2DIGIT
       gsma-format-version-string = DIGIT
       gsma-approved-string = *unreserved
       gsma-approved-nonempty-string = 1*unreserved
       unreserved  = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_"

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      The GSMA namespace includes a predefined namespace for IMEI and
      may be in the future extended to include other identifiers used by
      Mobile Equipment used in GSM, UMTS or LTE networks or future
      networks deployed by members of the GSMA.

      A IMEI is an identifier under the GSMA namespace that uniquely
      identifies Mobile Equipment used in GSM, UMTS and LTE networks.

      The internal representation of a IMEI is a specific sequence of
      bits in memory, as described in 3GPP TS 23.003 [2].  To accurately
      represent a IMEI as a URN, it is necessary to convert the BCD bit
      sequence to a string representation.  Each field BCD bit sequence
      has its value printed as a decimal digit string with the most
      significant digit first.

      The following augmented Backus-Naur Form (ABNF) includes the set
      of core rules in RFC 5234 [8], and are not repeated here.

      The formal definition of the IMEI string representation for the
      gsma-specifier-defined-substring for the "imei" gsma-specifier is
      provided by the following ABNF [8]:

      IMEI =  tac "-" snr "-" spare
      tac      = 8DIGIT
      snr      = 6DIGIT
      spare    = 1DIGIT
      For example:
         urn:gsma:imei:90420156-025763-0;vers=0

      The optional "vers" parameter is included for extensibility of the
      namespace, for example if the IMEI format is extended in the
      future (such as with additional digits or using hex digits).  A
      value of "vers" equal to 0 or the absence of the "vers" parameter
      means the URN format is compliant with the format specified here.
      Any change to the format specified here requires the publication
      of a future informational RFC.

      The IMEISV is an identifier that uniquely identifies Mobile
      Equipment and associated software versions used in GSM and UMTS
      networks.  The internal representation of a IMEISV is a specific
      sequence of bits in memory, as described in 3GPP TS 23.003 [2]
      To represent the IMEISV the URN parameter "svn" is appended to the
      IMEI URN and set equal to the decimal string representation of the
      two software version number (svn) bits in the IMEISV and the spare
      digit in the IMEI gsma-specifier-defined-substring is set to zero.

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      For example:
         urn:gsma:imei:90420156-025763-0;svn=42

      The <gsma-specifier>, <gsma-specifier-defined-string>, <gsma-
      specifier-defined-substring>, <gsma-specifier-defined-param-name>
      and <gsma-specifier-defined-param-val> can comprise any ASCII
      characters compliant with URN syntax and must not contain the ":"
      character or ";" character or "=" character(see STD 66, RFC 2141
      [5]).  The exclusion of the colon from the list of other
      characters means that the colon can only occur as a delimiter
      between string values.  The exclusion of the semicolon from the
      list of other characters means that the semicolon can only occur
      as a delimiter for parameter values.  The exclusion of the "="
      character from the list of other characters means that the "="
      character can only occur as an operator for parameter values.

      The GSMA will take responsibility for the gsma-specifier "imei"
      and manage the sub level.

      Additional gsma-specifiers may be added in the future through
      informational RFCs.

   Relevant ancillary documentation:
      See IMEI Allocation and Approval Guidelines [3] and 3GPP TS 23.003
      [2].

   Identifier uniqueness considerations:
      Identifiers in the "gsma" namespace are defined and assigned in
      the requested namespace by the GSMA after ensuring that the URNs
      to be assigned are unique.  Uniqueness is achieved by checking
      against the registry of previously assigned names.

      Procedures are in place to ensure that each IMEI is uniquely
      assigned by the Mobile Equipment manufacturer so that it is
      guaranteed to uniquely identify that particular Mobile Equipment.
      Procedures are in place to ensure that each IMEISV is uniquely
      assigned by the Mobile Equipment manufacturer so that it is
      guaranteed to uniquely identify that particular Mobile Equipment
      and the specific software version installed.

   Identifier persistence considerations:
      The GSMA is committed to maintaining uniqueness and persistence of
      all resources identified by assigned URNs.

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      As the NID sought is "gsma" and GSMA is the long standing acronym
      for the trade association that represents the mobile phone
      operators the URN should also persist indefinitely (at least as
      long as there is a need for its use).  The assignment process
      guarantees that names are not reassigned.  The binding between the
      name and its resource is permanent.

      The TAC and SNR portions of IMEISVs are stored in the Mobile
      Equipment so they remain persistent.  The SVN may be modified by
      software when new versions are installed but should be persistent
      for the duration of the installation of that specific version of
      software.

   Process of identifier assignment:
      GSMA will manage the <gsma-specifier> (including "imei"), <gsma-
      defined-string>, <gsma-specifier-defined-substring>, <gsma-
      specifier-param>, <gsma-specifier-defined-param-name> and <gsma-
      specifier-defined-param-val> identifier resources to maintain
      uniqueness.

      The process for IMEI and IMEISV assignment is documented in GSMA
      TS 06[3]

   Process for identifier resolution:
      Since the GSMA namespace is not globally resolvable, this is not
      applicable.

   Rules for Lexical Equivalence:
      Consider each field of the IMEI gsma-defined substring to be a
      sequence of decimial digits.  Then, to compare a pair of IMEIs,
      arithmetically compare the corresponding fields of the gsma-
      defined substring from each IMEI in order of significance and
      according to their data type.  Two IMEIs are equal if and only if
      all the corresponding fields are equal.

      The lexical equivalence of the GSMA namespace-specific strings
      (NSSs) is defined as an exact, but not case-sensitive, string
      match.

      Any identifier in GSMA namespaces can be compared using the normal
      mechanisms for percent-encoded UTF-8 strings.

   Conformance with URN Syntax:

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      The string representation of the GSMA URN and of the IMEI sub
      namespace is fully compatible with the URN syntax.

   Validation Mechanism:
      The IMEI can be validated using the mechanism defined in Annex B
      of 3GPP TS 23.003 [2].  There is no mechanism defined to validate
      the SVN field of the IMEISV.

   Scope:  GSMA URN is global in scope.

4.  Specification

4.1.  IMEI Format

   The IMEI format is 15 decimal digits encoded in 8 octets using BCD as
   defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [6].  The most significant digit is coded
   in the most significant bits of octet 1.  The least significant digit
   is coded in the least significant bits of octet 8.

       14 13 12 11 10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1  0  Decimal Digits
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
      |                       |                 | S|
      |            T          |          S      | p|
      |            A          |          N      | a|
      |            C          |          R      | r|
      |                       |                 | e|
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
         1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8  Octets

4.1.1.  Type Allocation Code (TAC)

   The TAC is a 8 decimal digit value.  The TAC identifies the type of
   the Mobile Equipment and is chosen from a range of values allocated
   to the Mobile Equipment manufacturer in order to uniquely identify
   the model of the Mobile Equipment.

4.1.2.  Serial Number (SNR)

   The SNR is a 6 decimal digit value.  The SNR is an individual serial
   number that uniquely identifies each Mobile Equipment within the TAC.

4.1.3.  Spare

   The Spare is a single decimal digit that is used as a security check
   digit to combat potential spoofing.  The Spare is always set to zero

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   when transmitted by the Mobile Equipment.  Annex B of 3GPP TS 23.003
   [2] defines a mechanism for computing the actual check digit in order
   to validate the TAC and SNR.

4.2.  IMEISV Format

   The IMEISV format is 16 decimal digits encoded in 8 octets using BCD
   as defined in 3GPP TS 24.008 [6].  The most significant digit is
   coded in the most significant bits of octet 1.  The least significant
   digit is coded in the least significant bits of octet 8.

       15 14 13 12 11 10  9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1  0  Decimal Digits
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
      |                       |                 |     |
      |            T          |          S      |  S  |
      |            A          |          N      |  V  |
      |            C          |          R      |  N  |
      |                       |                 |     |
      +--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+--+
            1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8  Octets

4.2.1.  Type Allocation Code (TAC)

   The TAC is the same as for the IMEI in Section 5.1.1.

4.2.2.  Serial Number (SNR)

   The SNR is the same as for the IMEI in Section 5.1.2.

4.2.3.  Software Version Number (SVN)

   The Software Version Number is allocated by the Mobile Equipment
   manufacturer to identify the software version of the Mobile
   Equipment.

5.  Community considerations

   GSM, UMTS and LTE mobile devices will be interoperating with Internet
   devices for a variety of voice and data services.  To do this, they
   need to make use of Internet protocols that will operate end to end
   between devices in GSM/UMTS/LTE networks and those in the general
   internet.  Some of these protocols require the use of URN's as
   identifiers.  Within the GSM/UMTS/LTE networks, mobile devices are
   identified by their IMEI and IMEISV.  Internet users will need to be
   able to receive and include the GSMA URN in various Internet protocol
   elements to facilitate communication between pure internet based

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   devices and GSM/UMTS/LTE mobile devices.  Thus the existence and
   syntax of these namespaces needs to be available to the general
   internet community and the namespace needs to be reserved with IANA
   in order to guarantee uniqueness and prevent potential namespace
   conflicts both within the internet and within GSM/UMTS/LTE networks.
   Conversely, Internet implementations will not generally posses IMEI
   identifiers.  The identifiers generated by such implementations will
   typically be URNs within namespaces other than "gsma," and may,
   depending on context, even be non-URN URIs.  Implementations are
   advised to be ready to process URIs other than "gsma"-namespaced
   URNs, so as to aid in interoperability.

6.  Namespace considerations

   A URN was considered the most appropriate URI to represent the IMEI
   and IMEISV as these identifiers may be used and transported similarly
   to the Universally Unique Identifier (UUID)which is defined as a URN
   in [9].  Since specifications for protocols that are used to
   transport device identifiers often require the device identifier to
   be globally unique and in the URN format it is necessary that the URN
   formats are defined to represent the IMEI and IMEISV.

7.  IANA considerations

   In accordance with BCP 66 [1], IANA is asked to register the Formal
   URN Namespace 'GSMA' in the Registry of URN Namespaces, using the
   registration template presented in Section 3 of this document.

8.  Security considerations

   IMEIs (with the Spare value set to zero) are displayable on most
   Mobile Equipment; therefore, they must not be used as security
   capabilities (identifiers whose mere possession grants access), for
   example.

   Revealing the specific software version of the terminal might make
   the terminal more vulnerable to attacks against software that is
   known to contain security holes.  Care therefore should be taken
   regarding use of the IMEISV as it could help a malicious device
   identify Mobile Equipment running software that is known to be
   vulnerable to certain attacks.  This is a similar concern to the use
   of the User-Agent header in SIP as specified in RFC 3261 [10].  It is
   therefore RECOMMENDED that the IMEISV is not delivered to devices
   that are not trusted.  Further, because IMEIs can be loosely
   correlated to a user, they need to be treated as any other personally

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   identifiable information.  In particular, the IMEI SHOULD NOT be
   included in messages intended to convey any level of anonymity.

   Additional security considerations are specified in 3GPP TS 22.016
   [7].  Specifically the IMEI is to be incorporated in a module which
   is contained within the terminal.  The IMEI SHALL not be changed
   after the terminal's production process.  It SHALL resist tampering,
   i.e. manipulation and change, by any means (e.g. physical, electrical
   and software).

9.  Acknowledgements

   This document draws heavily on the 3GPP work on Numbering, Addressing
   and Identification in 3GPP TS 23.003 [2] and also on the style and
   structure used in RFC 4122 [9].  The authors would like to thank
   Cullen Jennings, Lisa Dusseault, Dale Worley, and Ivo Sedlacek for
   their help and comments.

10.  References

10.1.  Normative references

   [1]   Daigle, L., van Gulik, D., Iannella, R., and P. Faltstrom,
         "Uniform Resource Names (URN) Namespace Definition Mechanisms",
         BCP 66, RFC 3406, October 2002.

   [2]   3GPP, "TS 23.003: Numbering, addressing and identification
         (Release 8)", 3GPP 23.003, September 2008,
         <ftp://ftp.3gpp.org/Specs/archive/23_series/23.003/>.

   [3]   GSMA Association, "IMEI Allocation and Approval Guidelines",
         PRD TS.06 (DG06) version 6.0, July 2011, <http://www.gsm.org/
         documents/TS06_60_TAC_Allocation_Process_Approved.pdf>.

   [4]   Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
         Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [5]   Moats, R., "URN Syntax", RFC 2141, May 1997.

   [6]   3GPP, "TS 24.008: Mobile radio interface Layer 3 specification;
         Core network protocols; Stage 3 (Release 8)", 3GPP 24.008,
         September 2008,
         <ftp://ftp.3gpp.org/Specs/archive/24_series/24.008/>.

   [7]   3GPP, "TS 22.016: International Mobile station Equipment
         Identities (IMEI)(Release 7)", 3GPP 22.016, May 2007,

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         <ftp://ftp.3gpp.org/Specs/archive/22_series/22.016/>.

10.2.  Informative references

   [8]   Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
         Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.

   [9]   Leach, P., Mealling, M., and R. Salz, "A Universally Unique
         IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace", RFC 4122, July 2005.

   [10]  Rosenberg, J., Schulzrinne, H., Camarillo, G., Johnston, A.,
         Peterson, J., Sparks, R., Handley, M., and E. Schooler, "SIP:
         Session Initiation Protocol", RFC 3261, June 2002.

Authors' Addresses

   Michael Montemurro (editor)
   Research in Motion (RIM)
   4701 Tahoe Dr
   Mississauga, Ontario  L4W 0B4
   Canada

   Phone: unlisted
   Fax:   unlisted
   Email: mmontemurro@rim.com

   Andrew Allen
   Research in Motion (RIM)
   1200 Sawgrass Corporate Parkway
   Sunrise, Florida  33323
   USA

   Phone: unlisted
   Fax:   unlisted
   Email: aallen@rim.com

   David McDonald
   unaffiliated

   Phone: unlisted
   Fax:   unlisted
   Email: mcdonalddm@hotmail.com

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   Paul Gosden
   GSM Association
   1st Floor, Mid City Place, 71 High Holborn,
   London
   England

   Phone: unlisted
   Fax:   unlisted
   Email: pgosden@gsm.org

Montemurro, et al.      Expires January 10, 2013               [Page 14]