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The JSON format for vCon - Conversation Data Container
draft-petrie-vcon-00

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This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Expired".
Authors Daniel Petrie , Thomas McCarthy-Howe
Last updated 2022-11-05 (Latest revision 2022-10-20)
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draft-petrie-vcon-00
Network Working Group                                       D. G. Petrie
Internet-Draft                                                 SIPez LLC
Intended status: Standards Track                        T. McCarthy-Howe
Expires: 23 April 2023                                           Strolid
                                                         20 October 2022

         The JSON format for vCon - Conversation Data Container
                          draft-petrie-vcon-00

Abstract

   A vCon is the container for data and information relating to a real-
   time, human conversation.  It is analogous to a [vCard] which enables
   the definition, interchange and storage of an individual's various
   points of contact.  The data contained in a vCon may be derived from
   any multimedia session, traditional phone call, video conference, SMS
   or MMS message exchange, webchat or email thread.  The data in the
   container relating to the conversation may include Call Detail
   Records (CDR), call meta data, participant identity information (e.g.
   STIR PASSporT), the actual conversational data exchanged (e.g. audio,
   video, text), realtime or post conversational analysis and
   attachments of files exchanged during the conversation.  A
   standardized conversation container enables many applications,
   establishes a common method of storage and interchange, and supports
   identity, privacy and security efforts (see [vCon-white-paper])

About This Document

   This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

   The latest revision of this draft can be found at
   https://dgpetrie.github.io/draft-petrie-vcon/draft-petrie-vcon.html.
   Status information for this document may be found at
   https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-petrie-vcon/.

   Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
   https://github.com/dgpetrie/draft-petrie-vcon.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

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   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 23 April 2023.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     1.1.  What's in a vCon? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
     1.2.  Use Cases and Requirements  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   2.  Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.1.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   8
     2.2.  JSON Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     2.3.  Inline Files  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.3.1.  body  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
       2.3.2.  encoding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     2.4.  Externally Referenced Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.4.1.  url . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.4.2.  alg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
       2.4.3.  signature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   3.  vCon JSON Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   4.  Unsigned Form of vCon Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
     4.1.  vCon JSON Object Keys and Values  . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
       4.1.1.  vcon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.2.  uuid  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.3.  iat or created_at . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.4.  subject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
       4.1.5.  redacted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
       4.1.6.  appended  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
       4.1.7.  group Objects Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
       4.1.8.  parties Objects Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
       4.1.9.  dialog Objects Array  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19

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       4.1.10. analysis Objects Array  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
       4.1.11. attachments Objects Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
     4.2.  Party Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       4.2.1.  tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       4.2.2.  stir  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       4.2.3.  mailto  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
       4.2.4.  name  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       4.2.5.  validation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       4.2.6.  jCard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       4.2.7.  gmlpos  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
       4.2.8.  civicaddress  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
       4.2.9.  timezone  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
     4.3.  Dialog Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       4.3.1.  type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       4.3.2.  start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       4.3.3.  duration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
       4.3.4.  parties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
       4.3.5.  mimetype  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
       4.3.6.  filename  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
       4.3.7.  Dialog Content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
     4.4.  Analysis Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
       4.4.1.  type  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
       4.4.2.  dialog  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
       4.4.3.  mimetype  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
       4.4.4.  filename  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
       4.4.5.  vendor  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
       4.4.6.  schema  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
       4.4.7.  Analysis Content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
     4.5.  Attachment Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
       4.5.1.  type or purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
       4.5.2.  party . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
       4.5.3.  mimetype  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
       4.5.4.  filename  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
       4.5.5.  Attachment Content  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
     4.6.  Group Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
   5.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
     5.1.  Signing Externally Referenced Files . . . . . . . . . . .  33
     5.2.  Signed Form of vCon Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
       5.2.1.  Signature Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
       5.2.2.  Header Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34
     5.3.  Encrypted Form of vCon Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34
       5.3.1.  Unprotected Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
       5.3.2.  Recipient Object  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
       5.3.3.  Header Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
   6.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
   7.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
     7.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
     7.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37

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   Appendix A.  Example vCons  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
     A.1.  Two Party Call vCon With Inline Recording . . . . . . . .  38
     A.2.  Text Chat vCon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  43
     A.3.  Email Thread Multipart vCon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  43
     A.4.  Email Thread Text vCon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  45
     A.5.  Two Party Call vCon With Externally Referenced
            Recording  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  47
     A.6.  Signed vCon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  48
     A.7.  Encrypted vCon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  54
     A.8.  Redacted Signed vCon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60
     A.9.  Appended Signed vCon  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60
     A.10. vCon Group  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60
   Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60

1.  Introduction

   The generation of conversational data, contained in transcripts and
   multi-media files, is common in business, especially in customer
   facing organizations.  However, the storage, analysis and sharing of
   the data they contain is not currently a standard.  Standardizing a
   container for conversation data (vCon) has numerous advantages, and
   enables the management of the conversation's content.  For instance,
   a standard allows for tools to determine the contents of the
   conversation, such that privacy guarantees and duties can be
   accurately performed.  As a storage mechanism, vCons can help
   normalize data lakes and allow for interchange between organizations
   and networks.  The use of vCons can ease service integration by using
   a common container and format for enterprise communications.  A vCon
   becomes the standardized input to communication analysis tools and
   machine learning and categorization.  For a sales lead organization,
   a vCon can be the container of assets sold to sales teams.  For
   conversations of record, the vCon can be a legal instrument.  For
   machine learning efforts, vCons can track what information was used
   in the training of models, so that as the result of a customer
   requested deletion of their data, the affected models can be
   identified.

1.1.  What's in a vCon?

   A vCon contains four major categories of data: metadata , dialog ,
   analysis and attachments.  The metadata portion allows for an
   expanded set of data from a typical call detail record ([CDR]), with
   identifications of the participants or parties to the conversation,
   references to related or earlier versions of the vCon.  The dialog
   portion contains a set of multimedia and mime elements, each
   representing the actual, physical conversation in it's original media
   form: text, audio or video.  The analysis portion contains data

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   derived from the metadata and dialog portions, intended to carry
   items like transcripts, translations, summaries, text to speech,
   sentiment analysis and other semantic tagging.  Finally, the
   attachment portion contains any other documents, such as slide deck
   or sales lead information, which provides context and support for the
   conversation itself.  The vCon may also container integrity checking
   information such as the issuer of the vCon and tamperproof features
   such as signatures.

   A vCon acts as the definition of the conversation, and are created by
   systems during and after the conversation itself.  Some communication
   modes, like SMS texting, lack natural session boundaries and require
   explicit definition. vCons may have two or more parties involved, but
   at least one should be a human.  For instance, an interaction between
   a bot and a human is an appropriate scope for vCons, but a
   conversation between two bots would not.

   Due to the size and complexity of some portions of a vCon, both
   inline and externally referenced dialog, analysis, attachments and
   other vCon reference assets are supported.  For instance, vCons may
   reference a videoconference media recording as an external URL with
   an accompanying signature of the contents to detect tampering.
   Alternatively, vCons may directly contain the media of the entire
   dialog internally, keeping the conversation in one place, and
   optionally encrypted.

   vCons are designed to be a digital asset, versioned and signed.  For
   instance, different versions of vCon may arise due to redaction (e.g.
   for PII or other reasons), added analysis or the addition of other
   content.  In the metadata, vCons contain the unique ID of the parent
   vCon, such that they may be traversed while maintaining their data
   integrity and provenance.

1.2.  Use Cases and Requirements

   In large enterprises, different products may be served by different
   call centers (inhouse or out sourced).  The call centers may have
   different communications infrastructure and even different platform
   vendors (e.g.  IP PBX, email servers).  Consequently, the CDR and
   meta data as well as the conversation recordings may be stored in
   different formats and locations.  This creates artificial silos of
   storage and analysis.  Using vCon as a standard exchange, storage,
   analysis input and output format, would ease integration efforts and
   cross enterprise analysis of products and call center metrics.  This
   would also ease customer analysis across product lines which may
   currently be difficult due to separated, heterogeneous communications
   silos.  Having conversation data in the vCon format would lower the
   cost and speed deployment of both inhouse and outsourced analysis

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   tools for import into ML and AI based tools, transcription,
   translation and sentiment analysis.  Having conversation data in a
   standard vCon container would ease the export of conversation data
   from hosted services.  This would enable more analysis capabilities.

   In some locations, regulations make it mandatory for enterprises to
   delete private information upon request of the individual.  Large
   enterprises with siloed communications systems have difficulty
   locating or identifying all of the private data for an individual due
   to the disparate communications systems.  Using the vCon as the
   standard container for all communications system, storing the
   conversation data centrally and removing it from the siloed
   communications systems, allows for easier management, correlation,
   tracking and deletion of individual's private data.  Without
   centralizing the storage of the conversations in a standardized
   container, deleting an individuals private data is untenable and the
   enterprise cannot assert that they have fulfilled their requirement
   to locate and delete all of the private data.

   Large call centers may have tens of thousands of call agents making
   hundreds of thousands of calls a day.  Supervising the agents and
   calls in a large call center is a huge efort.  Using vCons to capture
   all of the conversations for all of the agents, enables more
   automation of evaluation, training and coaching of call center
   agents.  DEVOPS tools such as checking for conversation with too low
   a volume or agents with faulty headsets becomes easier and less
   costly using vCons.  Call centers often have to provide service level
   proof and reports to their customers.  These service level
   evaluations, monitoring and reporting can be more easily provided and
   at a lower cost via third party solutions with vCons as a standard
   conversation container.

   Conversations can have legal and regulatory significance.
   Regulations may require conversation of record to be stored for
   compliance.  A conversation can become a verbal contract, making the
   conversation data a legal instrument.  Having a standard container
   for the conversation data and asserting the integrity of the data
   make it easier to distribute the conversation data to the parties
   involved.

   The initial set of use cases for vCons are expected to be in the
   interchange between front end and back end application and lower
   layers of the network stack, critical for enablement of analysis of
   conversations.  It is expected that JavaScript handling of vCons in
   the front end and RESTful interfaces and back end platforms will be
   used for operations and manipulation of vCons.  Many media analysis
   services which will be used with vCons, such as transcription,
   already use JSON based interfaces.  For this reason, JSON has been

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   chosen for the initial format binding of vCons and the scope of this
   document.  Other bindings (e.g.  [CBOR] or [ISOBMFF]) may be consider
   for vCon in the future in other documents.

   Requirements:

   *  Standardize container for conversational data exchange

   *  Consolidation of data and information for a conversation

   *  Multiple modes of communication, changing over time

   *  Snapshots of conversation during or once completed along with
      analysis

   *  Ease of integration of services and analysis

   *  Better organize conversational data so that it can be handled in a
      consistent, privacy safer means

   *  Immutable

   *  Hiding of PII or entire conversation

   *  Amendable with additional information and data elements

   Define a standard for exchange of conversational data in a sea of
   modes, platforms and service offerings for conversations.

   Example conversational modes and protocols:

   *  SMS

   *  MMS

   *  JABBER

   *  SIMPLE

   *  Proprietary web chat

   *  SMTP

   *  PSTN

   *  SIP

   *  WEBRTC

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   *  Proprietary video conferencing

   The following are considered not in scope or non-requirements:

   *  Real-time streaming or updating of conversational data

   *  Transport mechanisms

   *  Storage or databases specifications

   *  Methods of redaction of text, audio or video media

   *  Validation of redactions or appended data beyond the signature of
      the domain making the changes to the conversational data (e.g.
      Merkle tree like redactions)

   *  Standardization of analysis data formats or file media types

2.  Conventions and Definitions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

2.1.  Terminology

   *  analysis - analysis, transformations, summary, sentiment, or
      translation typically of the dialog data

   *  conversation - an exchange of communication using text, audio or
      video medium between at least one human and one or more bots or
      humans

   *  de-identification - removal of all information that could identify
      a party in a conversation.  This includes PII as well as audio and
      video recordings.  Voice recordings might be re-vocalized with a
      different speaker.

   *  dialog - the captured conversation in its original form (e.g.
      text, audio or video)

   *  encrypted form - encrypted JWE document with the JWS signed vCon
      form contained in the ciphertext

   *  file - a data block either included or referenced in a vCon

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   *  object - JSON object containing key and value pairs

   *  parameter - JSON key and value pair

   *  party - an observer or participant to the conversation, either
      passive or active

   *  payload - the contents or bytes that make up a file

   *  PII - Personal Identifiable Information

   *  PII masked - may include voice recordings, but PII is removed from
      transcripts and recordings (audio and video).

   *  vCon - container for conversational information

   *  vCon instance - a vCon populated with data for a specific
      conversation

   *  vCon instance version - a single version of an instance of a
      conversation, which may be modified to redact or append additional
      information forming a subsequent vCon instance version

   *  vCon syntax version - the version for the data syntax used for
      form a vCon

   *  signed form - JWS signed document with the unsigned vCon form
      contained in the payload

2.2.  JSON Notation

   The convention for [JSON] notation used in this document is copied
   from sections 1.1-1.5 of [JMAP].

   Date - A string that MUST have the form of an [RFC3339] date string
   as defined for the Date type in section 1.4 of [JMAP].

   "String" - a JSON string type

   "UnsignedInt" - a positive JSON integer as defined in section 1.3 of
   [JMAP].

   "UnsignedFloat" - a positive JSON floating point number containing a
   decimal point as defined in section 6 of [JSON].

   "Mime" - A "String" value that MUST be of the following form as
   defined in section 5.1 of [MIME]: type "/" subtype

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   "A[]" and array of values of type A.

   All parameters are assumed to be mandatory unless other wise noted.

   Objects or arrays with no or null values MAY be excluded from the
   vCon.

2.3.  Inline Files

   Objects that contain a file or data inline (i.e. within the vCon)
   MUST have the parameters: body and encoding.  JSON does not support
   binary data values.  For this reason inline files MUST be base64url
   (see Section 2 [JWS]) encoded to be included as a valid JSON string
   value if they are not already valid JSON strings.

2.3.1.  body

   The body parameter contains the payload of the file to be included
   inline.  Depending upon the data in the file, it may require encoding
   to be used as a valid JSON string value.

   *  body: "String"

2.3.2.  encoding

   The encoding parameter describes the type of encoding that was
   performed on the string value of the body parameter.

   *  encoding: "String"

      This MUST be one of the following strings:

      -  "base64url": The payload of the file has been base64url encoded
         and provided as the string value of the body parameter.

      -  "json": The value of the body string is a JSON object.

      -  "none": The payload of the file is a valid JSON string and can
         be included without modification as the string value to the
         body parameter.

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2.4.  Externally Referenced Files

   Files and data stored externally from the vCon MUST be "signed" to
   ensure that they have not been modified.  Objects that refer to a
   file which is externally stored from the vCon MUST have the
   parameters: url, alg and signature.  These parameters are defined in
   the following subsections.  The use of [SHA-512] hash for ensuring
   that the externally referenced data or file has not been modified, is
   defined in this document.  Other methods of ensuring integrity may be
   added in the future.  The following subsections define how the
   specific algorithm used and how that signature information is
   included in a vCon so that the content can be verified.

2.4.1.  url

   The url value contains the [HTTPS] URL where the externally
   referenced file is stored.  HTTPS MUST be used for retrieval to
   protect the privacy of the contents of the file.

   *  url: "String"

2.4.2.  alg

   The alg parameter describes the method used for signing the file
   payload at the given url.  Only one method of signing of externally
   referenced files is defined in this document.  So only one value is
   defined for the alg parameter.

   *  alg: "String"

      This SHOULD be the following string:

      -  "SHA-512": The algorithm used for signing the externally
         referenced file is defined in section 6.3 and 6.4 of [SHA-512].

2.4.3.  signature

   The [SHA-512] hash on the externally referenced file is included in
   the signature string value.

   *  signature: "String"

      The string value of the signature parameter is the Base64Url
      Encoded value of the SHA-512 hash (as defined in section 6.3 and
      6.4 [SHA-512]) of the body of the content at the given url.

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3.  vCon JSON Object

   The JSON form of a vCon is contained in a JSON object in one of three
   forms:

   *  unsigned

   *  signed

   *  encrypted

   The unsigned form of the vCon has a single top level object.  This
   top level vCon object is also contained as described in the signed
   (Section 5.2) and encrypted (Section 5.3) forms of the vCon.  The
   selection of the JSON format enables interchange between application
   and lower layers of the network stack, critical for enablement of
   analysis of conversations.

4.  Unsigned Form of vCon Object

   The unsigned form of the top level vCon object is necessary as in
   many cases, a vCon will be partially constructed and in process as
   conversation data is collected.  This may change while the
   conversation is in progress or on-going.  The vCon may start with
   only meta data and party information, then progress to contain dialog
   information.  It may then get analysis added or it could be passed to
   another security domain for analysis.

   A vCon may be constructed across several security domains.  When a
   vCon is to be exported from one security domain to another, it SHOULD
   be signed or encyrpted by the domain that constructed it.  The
   subsequent domain may have need to redact or append data to the vCon.
   Alternatively the originating domain may want to redact the vCon
   before providing it to an other domain.  The second or subsequent
   domain, MAY modify the prior vCon instance version and when complete
   or exporting to another security domain, it SHOULD sign or encrypt
   the new vCon instance version.  The new vCon instance version SHOULD
   refer to the prior vCon instance version via the redacted
   (Section 4.1.5) or appended (Section 4.1.6) parameters.

4.1.  vCon JSON Object Keys and Values

   The keys and values for the top level vCon JSON object are defined in
   the following subsections.

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4.1.1.  vcon

   The the value of vcon parameter contains the syntactic version of the
   JSON format used in the vCon.

   *  vcon: "String"

      For syntax defined in this document, the string MUST have the
      value: "0.0.1"

4.1.2.  uuid

   The [UUID] for the vCon is used to refer to it when privacy or
   security may not allow for inclusion or URL reference to a vCon.  The
   UUID MUST be globally unique.

   *  uuid: "String"

      The value of the string SHOULD be generated using the version 8
      UUID defined in [UUID] which is generated identically to a version
      7 UUID with the exception that:

      -  rand_b/custom_c is generated from the high 62 bits of the SHA-1
         hash of the FQHN string

      -  the variant and version fields are set as described for version
         8 UUID

      The DNS name string used in generating the uuid value SHOULD be
      the same FQHN, or a subdomain to allow for more distributed
      generation of UUIDs, as would used in the signing certificate as
      they are the same domains of uniqueness.

4.1.3.  iat or created_at

   TODO: Do we need a creation or signing date (e.g.  [JWT] iat)?

4.1.4.  subject

   The subject or the topic of the conversation is provided in the
   subject parameter.  This parameter is optional as not all
   conversations have a defined subject.  Email threads and prescheduled
   calls and video conferences typically have a subject which can be
   captured here.  The subject may also be derived from analysis of the
   dialog.

   *  subject: "String" (optional)

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      The string value of the subject parameter is a free formed JSON
      string with no constrained syntax.

4.1.5.  redacted

   A redacted vCon SHOULD provide a reference to the unredacted or
   prior, less redacted, vCon instance version of itself.  The purpose
   of the Redacted Object is to provide the reference to the unredacted
   or less redacted version of the vCon from which this vCon was
   derived.  For privacy reasons, it may be necessary to redact a vCon
   to construct another vCon without the PII.  This allows the non-PII
   portion of the vCon to still be analyzed or used in a broader scope.
   The Redacted Object SHOULD contain the uuid parameter and MAY include
   the vCon inline via the body and encoding parameters or alternatively
   the url, alg and signature parameters (see Inline Files (Section 2.3)
   and Externally Referenced Files (Section 2.4)).  If the unredacted
   vCon is included in the body, the unredacted vCon MUST be in the
   encrypted form.  If a reference to the unredacted vCon is provided in
   the url parameter, the access to that URL MUST be restricted to only
   those who should be allowed to see the identity or PII for the
   redacted vCon.

   The method(s) for redaction of text, audio and video can be done with
   existing post processing of media.  The method of redaction is out of
   scope of this document.  The assurance of the accuracy of the
   redaction is made by the entity that creates the redaction which
   SHOULD sign the redacted version of the vCon.

   All data and parameters in the prior, less redacted, vCon instance
   version are either:

   *  Removed entirely in the redacted version

   *  Copied and partially redacted

   *  Copied as is

   Data which is to be completely removed from the redacted version,
   that is contained in a JSON array in the unredacted vCon, SHOULD
   create an empty placeholder such that object array indices do not
   change for the rest of the elements of the array.

   TODO: Do we need different levels or rational for redaction?  If so,
   we need a parameter for the levels or reason of redaction.

   *  redacted: "Redacted" (optional, mutually exclusive with appended
      and group parameters)

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   A Redacted Object contains the following parameters:

   *  uuid: "String"

      The value contains the uuid string value (Section 4.1.2) of the
      unredacted/prior vCon instance version.

   As defined in Inline Files (Section 2.3) body and encoding MAY be
   included:

   *  body: "String"

   *  encoding: "String"

   Alternatively, as defined in Externally Referenced Files
   (Section 2.4) url, alg and signature MAY be included:

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

   *  signature: "String"

   The following diagram illustrates an example partial JSON object tree
   for a redacted vCon.  The top level object is a JWS signed vCon which
   contains a vCon in the unsigned form in the payload parameter.  The
   second level object is the redacted vcon which refers to the
   encrypted unredacted vCon in it's redacted parameter.  Note that the
   redacted vCon references the JWE encrypted vCon by UUID and may
   reference it by URL or direct inclusion.  The JWE encrypted
   unredacted vCon contains the signed version of the unredacted vCon in
   the ciphertext parameter.  The signed unredacted vCon contains the
   unredacted vCon in the unsigned form in it's payload parameter.

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                   --------------
   Signed          | JWS        |
   redacted vCon:  |            | payload parameter
                   |    payload-|-- contains unsigned
                   -------------- / redacted vCon
                                 /
               -------------    /
   vCon which  |vCon       |<---
   has been    |           | redacted parameter contains
   redacted:   |  redacted-|-- or refers to JWE
               ------------- / encrypted unredacted vCon
                            /
                           /
                          /
                         /
                        /
                       / ---------------
                       ->| JWE         | cyphertext
   Encrypted signed      |             | parameter
   unredacted vCon:      |  cyphertext-|--- contains
                         ---------------  / JWS signed
                                         / unredacted
                     -------------      / vCon
   Signed            |JWS        |<-----
   unredacted vcon:  |           | payload contains
                     |   payload-|-- unsigned
                     -------------  \ unredacted vCon
                                     \   ----------
                                      -->| vCon   |
   Unsigned unredacted vCon:             |        |
                                         ----------

                    Figure 1: redacted vCon object tree

4.1.6.  appended

   A signed or encrypted vCon cannot be modified without invalidating
   it.  In these cases, to allow for adding of additional information a
   new vCon instance version MUST be created.  The prior vCon instance
   version is referenced by the Appended Object.  Then the appended
   information is added to the new vCon instance version (i.e. top level
   vCon object).

   The prior vCon instance version SHOULD be referenced via the uuid of
   the prior vCon instance version, and MAY include the body and
   encoding parameters or alternatively the url, alg and signature
   parameters (see Inline Files (Section 2.3) and Externally Referenced
   Files (Section 2.4)).

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   *  appended: "Appended" (optional, mutually exclusive with redacted
      and group parameters)

   The Appended Object contains the following parameters:

   *  uuid: "String" (optional if inline or external reference provided)

      The value contains the uuid string value (Section 4.1.2) of the
      unredacted/original vCon instance version.

   Alternatively, as defined in Inline Files (Section 2.3) body and
   encoding MAY be included:

   *  body: "String"

   *  encoding: "String"

   Alternatively, as defined in Externally Referenced Files
   (Section 2.4) url, alg and signature MAY be included:

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

   *  signature: "String"

   The following figure illustrates an example partial JSON object tree
   for an appended vCon.  The top level object is the JWS signed
   appended vCon which contains the unsigned form of the vCon in it's
   payload parameter.  The second level object is the appended vCon with
   additional conversational data (e.g. analysis data).  It refers to
   its original parent (or prior vCon instance version) of the vCon in
   its appended parameter.  Note: the appended parameter may include the
   original in the body parameter or refer to it via URL.  The appended
   vCon in this figure refers to the JWS signed version of the vCon,
   which in turn contains the original vCon in unsigned form in its
   payload parameter.

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                   --------------
   Signed          | JWS        |
   appended vCon:  |            | payload parameter
                   |    payload-|-- contains unsigned
                   -------------- / appended vCon
                                 /
               -------------    /
   vCon with   |vCon       |<---
   appended    |           | appended parameter contains
   data:       |  appended-|--- or refers to JWS
               |  analysis |  / signed original vCon
               ------------- / along with additional
                            / converstational data
                           / (e.g. analysis)
                          /
                         /
                        /
                       / ------------
                       ->| JWS      | payload
   Encrypted signed      |          | parameter
   original vCon:        |  payload-|--- contains
                         ------------  / unsigned
                                      / original
                     -------------   / vCon
   Original vCon:    |vCon       |<--
                     |           |
                     |   parties |
                     |   dialog  |
                     -------------

                    Figure 2: appended vCon object tree

4.1.7.  group Objects Array

   The scope of a conversation is defined by the observer.  It may be
   any of the following in this non-exhaustive list:

   *  a quick text exchange

   *  a simple 2-way call

   *  an evolving group chat

   *  a class lecture and question and answer session

   *  a web chat, evolving to a 2 way call, progressing to a transferred
      3-way call transitioning to a video conference

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   *  a series of weekly status calls

   In support of these constructs, it may be desirable to aggregate a
   group of vCons as opposed to including all of the dialog in a single
   vCon.  The conversations may be over heterogeneous or homogeneous
   medium.  A vCon MAY aggregated a group of vCon instances in the group
   array, using a Group Object for each vCon instance.

   *  group: "Group[]" (optional, mutually exclusive with redacted and
      appended parameters)

      The group array contains a Group Object (Section 4.6) for each
      vCon.

4.1.8.  parties Objects Array

   The name, identity or contact information of all of the parties
   involved with the conversation are included in the parties object
   array.  Whether the parties were observers, passive or active
   participants in the conversation, they each are included as a Party
   Object in the parties array.

   TODO: Should this be a object not an array to make it easier to
   append parties (i.e. indices of append vCons change when appended)?

   *  parties: "Party[]"

      The value of the parties parameter is an array of Party Objects
      (Section 4.2).

4.1.9.  dialog Objects Array

   The actual conversation which occurred over text, audio or video that
   was captured, is contained in the dialog Objects Array.

   *  dialog: "Dialog[]" (optional)

      The value of the dialog parameter is an array of Dialog Objects
      (Section 4.3).

4.1.10.  analysis Objects Array

   Analysis, which is performed on the conversational data, is stored in
   the analysis Objects array.

   *  analysis: "Analysis[]" (optional)

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      The value of the analysis parameter is an array of Analysis
      Objects (Section 4.4).

4.1.11.  attachments Objects Array

   Ancillary documents, discussed, presented, referenced or related to
   the conversation may be stored in the attachments array.

   *  attachments: "Attachment[]" (optional)

      The value of the attachments parameter is an array of Attachment
      Objects (Section 4.5).

4.2.  Party Object

4.2.1.  tel

   If the tel URL for the party is known, it can be included in the tel
   parameter.

   *  tel: "String" (optional)

      The value of the tel parameter SHOULD be a valid [TEL] URL.  The
      URL scheme prefix (i.e. "tel:") is optional.

4.2.2.  stir

   If the STIR [PASSporT] was provided to identify the party, the
   PASSporT can be included in the stir parameter for the party.

   *  stir: "String" (optional)

      The string value of the stir parameter contains the [PASSporT] in
      the JWS Compact Serialization form.

4.2.3.  mailto

   If the mailto URL is known for the party, it can be included in the
   mailto parameter.

   *  mailto: "String" (optional)

      The value of the mailto parameter is a string of the format of a
      valid [MAILTO] URL.  The URL scheme prefix (i.e. "mailto:") is
      optional.

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4.2.4.  name

   If the party's name is known, it can be included in the name
   parameter.

   *  name: "String" (optional)

      The string value of the name parameter is a free form JSON string
      in which part or all of the parity's name can be included.

4.2.5.  validation

   Proof of authorization of the communication channel through STIR,
   login or possession of a device, is often not sufficient proof of the
   identity of the person at the other end of the communications
   channel.  It is common in call centers to validate the identity of
   the person on the communication channel through verification of some
   sort of personal identification information.  The methods used, often
   varies with the situation and is business practices specific.  The
   purpose of the validation parameter, is to allow the validator to
   save a label or token which identifies the method of identity
   validation used to identify the person at the other end of the
   communication channel.  For security reasons, it SHOULD NOT contain
   the data used to validate the name.  However it MAY name the data
   used to validate the name (e.g.  "SSN", "DOB", "user ID and
   password").  It is up to the domain creating the vCon to define the
   set of tokens or values to be used for the validation parameter.

   *  validation: "String" (SHOULD be provided if name parameter is
      provided)

      The value of the validation string MAY be "none" or enterprise or
      domain defined token or string values.

4.2.6.  jCard

   TODO: Do we want to support including a jCard for the party?

4.2.7.  gmlpos

   If the geolocation of the party is known, it can be added in the
   gmlpos parameter.  The gmlpos parameter contains the latitude and
   longitude of the location of the party at the time of the
   conversation start.

   *  gmlpos: "String" (optional)

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      The gmlpos parameter value contains a string of the same format as
      the gml:pos element defined in section 3.2 of the [PIDF-LO] PIDF.

4.2.8.  civicaddress

   The the civicaddress parameter value contains a Civicaddress Object
   which is optional and contains civic address information about the
   location for the party.

   *  civicaddress: "Civicaddress" (optional)

   The Civicaddress Object MAY contain any or all of the following
   parameters: country, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, prd, pod, sts, hno, hns,
   lmk, loc, flr, nam, pc as defined in section 2.2.1 of [GEOPRIV].  The
   values of all of these parameters are of type String.  Note that the
   parameter names MUST be in lower case when contained in the
   Civicaddress Object even though they are in upper case in [GEOPRIV].

   *  country: "String" (optional)

   *  a1: "String" (optional)

   *  a2: "String" (optional)

   *  a3: "String" (optional)

   *  a4: "String" (optional)

   *  a5: "String" (optional)

   *  a6: "String" (optional)

   *  prd: "String" (optional)

   *  pod: "String" (optional)

   *  sts: "String" (optional)

   *  hno: "String" (optional)

   *  hns: "String" (optional)

   *  lmk: "String" (optional)

   *  loc: "String" (optional)

   *  flr: "String" (optional)

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   *  nam: "String" (optional)

   *  pc: "String" (optional)

   TODO: Do we need RFC6848 civic address extensions?

   TODO: Is there a need for any temporal location?

   TODO: Do we just specify for the start of the conversation?

4.2.9.  timezone

   TODO: timezone?

4.3.  Dialog Object

   The Dialog object references or contains text, audio or video
   captured from the conversation.  Currently two types of dialog
   objects are defined in this document.  One for text media and the
   other for audio or video recording files.

   TODO: Is there other signalling data that we want to capture other
   than start and duration and the media (e.g. from jabber, sms, mms,
   email, SIP, etc.)?

4.3.1.  type

   *  type: "String"

      The sting MUST have the value of either "recording" or "text"

4.3.2.  start

   The start parameter contains the date and time for the beginning of
   the captured piece of dialog.  For text it is the time that the party
   started typing or if not available, then it is the time the text was
   sent.  For audio and video recordings, it is the time which
   corresponds to the beginning of the recording.

   *  start: "Date"

4.3.3.  duration

   The duration parameter contains the duration in seconds of the
   referenced or included piece of dialog.  For text, if known, it is
   the time duration from when the party started typing to when they
   completed typing and the text was sent.  For recordings, it is the
   duration of the recording.

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   *  duration: "UnsignedInt" | "UnsignedFloat" (optional)

      The value MUST be the dialog duration in seconds.

4.3.4.  parties

   The party(s) which generated the text or recording for this piece of
   dialog are indicated in the parties parameter.

   *  parties: "UnsignedInt" | "UnsignedInt[]" | ("UnsignedInt" |
      "UnsignedInt[]")[]

      Single channel recordings should have a parties value of the form:
      "UnisignedInt" or "UnsignedInt[]" where the integer value or array
      of integer values are the indices to the Party Object(s) in the
      parties array that contributed to the mix for the single channel
      recording.  The index for the Party Object SHOULD be included even
      if the indicated party was silent the entire piece of dialog.

      Multi-channel recordings MUST have a parties value that is an
      array of the same size as the number of channels in the recording.
      The values in that array are either an integer or an array of
      integers which are the indices to the parties that contributed to
      the mix for the associated channel of the recording.  The index
      for Party Objects SHOULD be included even if the party was silent
      the entire conversation.

   TODO: For an email thread, To and Cc parties are all passive.  Do we
   just put the sender as the party or do we want to list all of the
   recipients and by convention the sender is the first party?  Note
   that each dialog/email could have a difference set of recipients.

4.3.5.  mimetype

   The media type for the piece of dialog included or referenced is
   provided in the mimetype parameter.  The mimetype parameter MUST be
   provided for inline dialog files and MUST be provided if the Content-
   Type header in the [HTTPS] response for the externally referenced URL
   is not provided.

   *  mimetype: "Mime" (optional for externally referenced files)

      The media types SHOULD be one of the following strings:

      -  "text/plain"

      -  "audio/x-wav"

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      -  "audio/x-mp3"

      -  "audio/x-mp4"

      -  "audio/ogg"

      -  "video/x-mp4"

      -  "video/ogg"

      -  "multipart/mixed"

      Note: multi-part will also likely include the boundary parameter

4.3.6.  filename

   It is sometimes useful to preserve the name of the file which
   originally contained this piece of dialog.  This can be done in the
   filename parameter.

   *  filename: "String" (optional)

4.3.7.  Dialog Content

   The Dialog Object SHOULD contain the body and encoding parameters or
   the url, alg and signature parameters (see Inline Files (Section 2.3)
   and Externally Referenced Files (Section 2.4)).

   For inline included dialog:

   *  body: "String"

   *  encoding: "String"

   Alternatively, for externally referenced dialog:

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

   *  signature: "String"

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4.4.  Analysis Object

   Analysis is a broad and in some cases developing field.  This
   document does not attempt to suggest a SHOULD support list of types.
   Nor are formats for analysis data defined in this document.  That is
   for research and specification outside the scope of this document.
   For this reason the Analysis Object provides multiple ways to define
   the media type of the analysis file.  If a well known media or mime
   type is defined, it SHOULD be used.  For analysis data or files types
   for which a media type is not defined, the vendor and schema
   parameters SHOULD be used.

4.4.1.  type

   The type parameter is used to label the semantic type of analysis
   data.

   *  type: "String"

      The string value SHOULD be one of the following:

      -  "summary"

      -  "transcript"

      -  "translation"

      -  "sentiment"

      -  "tts"

4.4.2.  dialog

   Analysis typically pertains to one or more of the Dialog Objects in
   the dialog array.  The dialog parameter is used to indicate which
   Dialog Objects this analysis was based upon.

   *  dialog: "UnsignedInt" | "UnsignedInt[]" (optional only if the
      analysis was not derived from any of the dialog)

      The value of the dialog parameter is the index to the dialog or
      array of indices to dialogs in the dialog array to which this
      analysis object corresponds.

4.4.3.  mimetype

   The media type for the included or referenced analysis file is
   provided in the mimetype parameter.

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   *  mimetype: "Mime" (optional for externally referenced files, if it
      this is provided in the [HTTPS] Content-Type header)

      The mimetype string contains the media type or [MIME] type of the
      analysis file.

4.4.4.  filename

   It is sometimes useful to preserve the name of the file which
   originally contained this analysis data.  This can be done in the
   filename parameter.

   *  filename: "String" (optional)

      The file name string contains an optional name for the analysis
      data file referenced in this Analysis Object.

4.4.5.  vendor

   There may not be a IANA registered media type for the file format
   containing the analysis data.  Even if a media type is defined, it is
   often useful to keep a record of the vendor that produced the
   software that produced the analysis.  Different implementations
   perform differently and knowing the implementation can be useful in
   interpreting the analysis.  For this reason, the vendor or product
   name is provided in the vendor parameter.

   *  vendor: "String"

      The vendor string value contains the vendor or product name of the
      software which generated this analysis.

4.4.6.  schema

   The same vendor or software product may produce different formats or
   data for the same analysis.  The schema parameter allows the data
   format, schema or configuration used to generate the analysis to be
   saved with the included or referenced analysis data.

   *  schema: "String" (optional)

      The schema string contains a token or label for the data format or
      schema for the analysis data.  As the vendor name may not be
      specific enough to identify the format of the analysis, the schema
      value is provide to differentiate from potentially multiple data
      formats for analysis provided by the same vendor or software.

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4.4.7.  Analysis Content

   The Analysis Object SHOULD contain the body and encoding parameters
   or the url, alg and signature parameters (see Inline Files
   (Section 2.3) and Externally Referenced Files (Section 2.4)).

   For inline included analysis:

   *  body: "String"

   *  encoding: "String"

   Alternatively, for externally referenced analysis:

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

   *  signature: "String"

4.5.  Attachment Object

   Ancillary documents to the conversation are included or referenced in
   the Attachment Object.  There is no constraint on the types files
   which can be included or referenced.  As most modes of communication,
   that allow the exchange of files, do not constrain the file type, any
   file type may be included here.

4.5.1.  type or purpose

   TODO: Do we want a semantic type like: contract or presentation?  Or
   a subject or title.

4.5.2.  party

   In most conversations, ancillary documents originate from one of the
   parties to the conversation.  This is not necessarily the author, but
   the person who distributed the document.  This party is identified by
   the party parameter in the Attachment Object.

   *  party: "UnsignedInt"

      The value of the party parameter is the index into the Parties
      Object array to the party that contributed the attachment.

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4.5.3.  mimetype

   The media type for the included or referenced attachment file is
   provided in the mimetype parameter.

   *  mimetype: "Mime" (optional for externally referenced files, if it
      this is provided in the [HTTPS] Content-Type header)

      The mimetype string contains the media type or [MIME] type of the
      attached file.

4.5.4.  filename

   It is sometimes useful to preserve the name of the file which
   originally contained this attachment file.  This can be done in the
   filename parameter.

   *  filename: "String" (optional)

      The file name string contains an optional name for the attachment
      file referenced in this Attachment Object.

4.5.5.  Attachment Content

   The Attachment Object SHOULD contain the body and encoding parameters
   or the url, alg and signature parameters (see Inline Files
   (Section 2.3) and Externally Referenced Files (Section 2.4)).

   For inline included attachments:

   *  body: "String"

   *  encoding: "String"

   Alternatively, for externally referenced attachments:

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

   *  signature: "String"

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4.6.  Group Object

   A conversation may have take place using different modes (e.g. web
   chat which evolves to email, which evolves to phone call, which
   evolves to video conference).  A conversation could take place over
   several calls (e.g. multiple calls regarding a support incident or
   problem).  Each of these examples might be considered a single
   conversation event though there are multiple sets of dialog in each.
   What is considered the boundary of a conversation is a business
   decision.  There are situations in the above example, where it is
   desired to treat these as a single conversation, but each set of
   dialog is created in a single vCon (e.g. each dialog occurred in a
   separate communication silo or security domain) which gets signed.
   For this reason, it may be necessary to aggregate the separate vCon
   into a single vCon which is considered the whole of a conversation.
   The Group Object includes or refers to a vCon to be aggregated into
   the whole of a single vCon conversation.

   The Group Object SHOULD contain the uuid and either the body and
   encoding parameters or the url, alg and signature parameters (see
   Inline Files (Section 2.3) and Externally Referenced Files
   (Section 2.4)).  The vCon MAY be referenced via UUID:

   *  uuid: "String"

      The value of the uuid parameter, is the uuid string value
      (Section 4.1.2) of the referenced vCon to be aggregated.

   The vCon MAY be included in line as the value of the body parameter.
   The encoding parameter MUST be included with the body parameter, if
   provided, to describe the encoding of the vCon body.

   *  body: "vCon"

      The JSON unsigned form of the vCon, the JWS signed form of the
      vCon or the JWE encrypted form of the vCon.

   *  encoding: "String"

      The encoding string MUST have the value: "json".

   Alternatively, the vCon can be externally referenced.  The url, alg
   and signature parameters and values are defined in Externally
   Referenced Files (Section 2.4).

   *  url: "String"

   *  alg: "String"

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   *  signature: "String"

5.  Security Considerations

   The security concerns for vCons can put into two categories: making
   the conversation immutable through integrity verification and
   protecting the confidentiality of privacy of the parties to the
   conversation and/or their PII.  These requirements along with need to
   evolve a vCon (e.g. adding analysis, translations and transcriptions)
   conflict in some ways.  To enable this, multiple versions of a vCon
   may be created.  Versions of a vCon may add information (e.g.
   analysis added to a prior vCon referenced by the appended
   (Section 4.1.6)) and versions that remove information (e.g.
   redactions of privacy information removed from the vCon referenced in
   the redacted (Section 4.1.5)).  Redactions may be at different levels
   for example:

   *  PII masked to remove PII data in the text, audio, video or
      transcripts

   *  De-identified to remove segments or whole recordings that might be
      used for voice printing or facial recognition

   Different parts and versions of a vCon may be created in different
   security domains over a period of time.  In addition, some
   conversation data may be referenced externally through an HTTPS URL
   as opposed to completely contained within the vCon.  Typically a
   conversation of one mode, will be hosted or observed in a single
   domain.  This will likely fall into one of the following hosting
   situations:

   *  Enterprise Hosted Communications

   *  Software as a Service (SaaS) Hosted Communications

   *  Service Provider Hosted Communications

   The distinction among these has gotten clouded over recent years.
   The import consideration is that each is a different security domain.
   Information about a conversation captured in an enterprise
   communications system (e.g. meta data and Dialog Object(s) recorded
   in an IP PBX) is a different security domain from a SaaS
   transcription service (i.e. an Analysis Object).  Before a vCon
   leaves a security domain, it SHOULD be signed to prevent it from
   being altered.  If the new security domain needs to alter it, a new
   vCon is created with the removed or added data and the prior version
   is referenced (i.e. via the redacted (Section 4.1.5) or appended
   (Section 4.1.6)).  See the redacted vCon object tree figure-1 and

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   appended vCon object tree figure-2.  If information is redacted for
   privacy reasons, the vCon referenced in the redacted (Section 4.1.5),
   if inline, SHOULD be encrypted to protect the privacy information in
   the unredacted version of the vCon.

   The secure storage and access of externally referenced conversation
   data is considered out of scope from this document.  Secure
   mechanisms for HTTPS access and storage of files are well defined.
   Identity and credentials for accessing externally stored data will be
   exchanged out of band from the vCon.  The one requirement for
   externally referenced data from the perspective of this document, is
   proof of integrity of that data.

   Using the above described approach for redaction and appending of
   data, we can reduce the security operations on a vCon to signing and
   encryption.  Two approaches to signing are needed as we have data, in
   JSON format, that is contained within the vCon and may have data
   (typically media and file formats, often binary) not contained,
   inline in the vCon, that is externally referenced.

   Externally referenced data will be "signed" using [SHA-512] hash
   which along with the URL of the externally referenced data is
   included in the vCon.  [SHA-512] was chosen due to the relatively low
   cost to generate and verify the signature for what could be very
   large externally referenced media files.  As the hash for each
   externally referenced file is contained in the vCon which will be
   signed, the chain of authentication is provided via the signature on
   the vCon itself.

   This document specifies the JSON format for vCons.  So it seemed the
   logical solution for signing vCons, is JOSE [JWS] JSON Serialization
   and likewise for encrypting vCons is JOSE [JWE] JSON Serialization.
   The solutions are well documents, implementations are readily
   available and tested.

   Methods of redaction exist for text, audio and video using post
   processing of the media.  The method of redaction used is out of the
   scope of this document.  A redacted vCon SHOULD reference it's non-
   redacted version.  The non-redacted version of the vCon referenced
   from the redacted vCon MUST be encrypted such that only those with
   permission to view the non-redacted content can decrypt it.

   Any time a vCon is shared outside its original security domain, it
   SHOULD be signed and optionally encrypted.  Files externally
   referenced by a vCon SHOULD always be signed with the verification
   information included in the vCon that references the external file as
   defined in Externally Referenced Files (Section 2.4) and Signing
   Externally Referenced Files (Section 5.1).  Externally referenced

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   files SHOULD only be transported over [HTTPS] and SHOULD be access
   controlled to those who are permitted to read the contents of that
   non-redacted vCon. vCons transported over non-secure channels such as
   email MUST be in the encrypted form.

5.1.  Signing Externally Referenced Files

   In some deployments, it is not practical to include all of the file
   contents of a vCon inline.  In support of that, a file may be
   externally referenced.  When external files are referenced, the
   signature on the vCon does not secure the file contents from
   modification.  For this reason any externally referenced files SHOULD
   also have a signature. vCons use the [SHA-512] hash method for
   integrity checking of externally referenced file content and include
   its url, alg and signature in the vCon which are included in the
   integrity signature for the whole vCon.

   After retrieving externally referenced files, before using its
   content, the payload of the HTTPS request should be verified using
   the signature parameter value for the hash for the url body using the
   procedure defined in section 6.3 and 6.4 of [SHA-512].

5.2.  Signed Form of vCon Object

   A signed vCon uses [JWS] and takes the General JWS JSON Serialization
   Syntax form as defined in section 7.2.1 of [JWS].  The vCon General
   JWS JSON Serialization MUST include x5c or x5u in the unprotected
   header.

   *  payload: "String"

      The value of the payload is the Base64Url Encoded string
      containing the unsigned form of the JSON vCon.  The general
      construction of the payload string value is described in section
      7.2.1 of [JWK]

   *  signatures "Signature[]"

      The value of signatures is an array of Signature Objects
      (Section 5.2.1)

5.2.1.  Signature Object

   The Signature Object MUST contain a header, protected and signature
   parameter as defined in section 7.2.1 of [JWS].

   *  header: "Header"

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      The value of header is defined in Header Object (Section 5.2.2)

   *  protected: "String"

   *  signature" "String"

5.2.2.  Header Object

   The Header Object and its contents are defined in section 4 of [JWS].
   The Header Object for a signed vCon MUST include the alg and either
   the x5c or x5u arrays.  The x5c or x5u requirement makes the
   management and use of vCons easier, allowing the certificate chain to
   be found as the vCon is moved.

   *  alg: "String"

      The string value of alg is defined in section 4.1.1 of [JWS].  For
      a signed vCon this value SHOULD be "RS256" to maximize
      interoperability.

   *  x5c: "String[]" (MUST provide x5c or x5u)

      The array of string values for x5c are defined in section 4.1.6 of
      [JWS].

   *  x5u: "String" (MUST provide x5c or x5u)

      The string value of x5u MUST contain an [HTTPS] URL as defined in
      section 4.1.5 of [JWS].

   TODO: How to deal with expired signatures?

5.3.  Encrypted Form of vCon Object

   TODO: Check this terminology:

   A vCon MUST be signed first using JWS as defined in Signed Form of
   vCon Object (Section 5.2), then encrypted using JWE as opposed to
   just encrypted with integrity protection.  The rationale is that meta
   data and dialog will typically be collected in one security domain,
   then may be stored or exported to another.  The signing is likely for
   the lifetime of the vCon, where the encryption may be shorter term or
   domain specific. vCons may be stored in unencrypted form, but the
   signed form MUST be maintained to ensure its integrity.

   A encrypted vCon uses [JWE] and takes the General JWE JSON
   Serialization Syntax form as defined in section 7.2.1 of [JWE].

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   *  unprotected: "Unprotected"

   *  recipients: "Recipient[]"

   *  iv: "String"

      The string value of iv is the Initialization Vector as constructed
      as defined in section 7.2.1 of [JWE].

   *  ciphertext: "String"

      The string value of ciphertext is constructed as defined in
      section 7.2.1 of [JWE] using the signed form of the vCon as the
      plaintext input for encryption.

   *  tag: "String"

      The string value of tag is the the Authentication Tag as defined
      in section 7.2.1 of [JWE].

5.3.1.  Unprotected Object

   *  cty: "String"

      The string value of cty SHOULD be "application/vcon"

   *  enc: "String"

      The string value of enc SHOULD be "A256CBC-HS512"

   TODO: do we want to put the vCon UUID in the Unprotected Object so
   that we can use it as a key?

5.3.2.  Recipient Object

   *  header: "Header"

   *  encrypted_key: "String"

      The string value of encrypted_key is defined in section 7.2.1 of
      [JWE].

5.3.3.  Header Object

   *  alg: "String"

      The string value of alg SHOULD be "RSA-OAEP".

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6.  IANA Considerations

   IANA registration of new media subtype: vcon for media type
   application:

   application/vcon

7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [GEOPRIV]  Peterson, J., "A Presence-based GEOPRIV Location Object
              Format", RFC 4119, DOI 10.17487/RFC4119, December 2005,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4119>.

   [HTTPS]    Fielding, R., Ed., Nottingham, M., Ed., and J. Reschke,
              Ed., "HTTP Semantics", STD 97, RFC 9110,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9110, June 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110>.

   [JSON]     Bray, T., Ed., "The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data
              Interchange Format", STD 90, RFC 8259,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8259, December 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8259>.

   [JWE]      Jones, M. and J. Hildebrand, "JSON Web Encryption (JWE)",
              RFC 7516, DOI 10.17487/RFC7516, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7516>.

   [JWK]      Jones, M., "JSON Web Key (JWK)", RFC 7517,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7517, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7517>.

   [JWS]      Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web
              Signature (JWS)", RFC 7515, DOI 10.17487/RFC7515, May
              2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7515>.

   [MAILTO]   Duerst, M., Masinter, L., and J. Zawinski, "The 'mailto'
              URI Scheme", RFC 6068, DOI 10.17487/RFC6068, October 2010,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6068>.

   [MIME]     Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
              Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
              Bodies", RFC 2045, DOI 10.17487/RFC2045, November 1996,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2045>.

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   [PASSporT] Wendt, C. and J. Peterson, "PASSporT: Personal Assertion
              Token", RFC 8225, DOI 10.17487/RFC8225, February 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8225>.

   [PIDF-LO]  Winterbottom, J., Thomson, M., and H. Tschofenig, "GEOPRIV
              Presence Information Data Format Location Object (PIDF-LO)
              Usage Clarification, Considerations, and Recommendations",
              RFC 5491, DOI 10.17487/RFC5491, March 2009,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5491>.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.

   [RFC3339]  Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet:
              Timestamps", RFC 3339, DOI 10.17487/RFC3339, July 2002,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3339>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.

   [TEL]      Schulzrinne, H., "The tel URI for Telephone Numbers",
              RFC 3966, DOI 10.17487/RFC3966, December 2004,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3966>.

   [UUID]     Peabody, B. and K. R. Davis, "New UUID Formats", Work in
              Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-peabody-dispatch-new-uuid-
              format-04, 23 June 2022,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-peabody-
              dispatch-new-uuid-format-04>.

7.2.  Informative References

   [CBOR]     Bormann, C. and P. Hoffman, "Concise Binary Object
              Representation (CBOR)", RFC 7049, DOI 10.17487/RFC7049,
              October 2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7049>.

   [CDR]      ITU, "Recommendation Q.825: Specification of TMN
              applications at the Q3 interface: Call detail recording",
              n.d., <https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-Q.825>.

   [ISOBMFF]  "Information technology -- Coding of audio-visual objects
              -- Part 12: ISO base media file format", ISO/IEC
              14496-12:2022, January 2022,
              <https://www.iso.org/standard/83102.html>.

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   [JMAP]     Jenkins, N. and C. Newman, "The JSON Meta Application
              Protocol (JMAP)", RFC 8620, DOI 10.17487/RFC8620, July
              2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8620>.

   [JWT]      Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web Token
              (JWT)", RFC 7519, DOI 10.17487/RFC7519, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7519>.

   [SHA-512]  Eastlake 3rd, D. and T. Hansen, "US Secure Hash Algorithms
              (SHA and SHA-based HMAC and HKDF)", RFC 6234,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6234, May 2011,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6234>.

   [vCard]    Kewisch, P., "jCard: The JSON Format for vCard", RFC 7095,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7095, January 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7095>.

   [vCon-white-paper]
              Howe, T., Petrie, D., Lieberman, M., and A. Quayle, "vCon:
              an Open Standard for Conversation Data", n.d.,
              <https://github.com/vcon-dev/vcon/blob/main/docs/vCons_%20
              an%20Open%20Standard%20for%20Conversation%20Data.pdf>.

Appendix A.  Example vCons

   This appendix contains example vCons in the unsigned, signed and
   encrypted form.  The JSON has been indented for readability.  Long
   text lines have been wrapped with a left hand white space indent for
   readability purposes.

A.1.  Two Party Call vCon With Inline Recording

   This example vCon is for a simple 2 party PSTN call.  It has a single
   Dialog Object which contains a single channel wav format recording
   with the two parties audio mixed into the single channel.

   {
     "vcon": "0.0.1",
     "parties": [
       {
         "tel": "+12345678901",
         "name": "Alice"
       },
       {
         "tel": "+19876543210",
         "name": "Bob"
       }
     ],

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     "dialog": [
       {
         "type": "recording",
         "start": "2022-06-21T17:53:26.000+00:00",
         "duration": 4.72,
         "parties": [
           0,
           1
         ],
         "mimetype": "audio/x-wav",
         "filename": "ab_call.wav",
         "encoding": "base64url",
         "body": "UklGRioeAABXQVZFZm10IBQAAAAxAAEAQB8AAFkGAABBAAAAAg
           gBAAWZhY3QEAAAAgJMAAGRhdGH2HQAAoxjXHYXCRekuye4gK4Tsiv4wZe
           htuvu3RMkgyPXme4NeahQLG0yeLayx5HCIiRWK7psbQrQTFm57NwQJvIb
           1aNxk6VpMYAXSm5Bb1rgStIStvEzmCaOIabxs2gjReJ02Rk0BQtOxHkhU
           IZd4VGKoq1KuoCGhrZTx1vRZICuZEcgkGjdH2jiCU1a0NMW6BE8lVHN-O
           FPHcZspr0CSl1aeo2hOWUx3CbovpGqKsApWteunk8gMPMOdynRVFWR5o0
           2BvaQDcWugGRHrQa9NcEbG1LWQq_AWLpsXKdMQefGrZu4ZE2ZSDIRGJLT
           pIzDybqSyZishQmjuVGztMKNlcyt2vW546JsutgllyppQWroAtHbkyrrG
           x3bIiX81g1sR-oVaBbtkobA08fpJYscQSlHHcGm7hDriuWTRm8A6GKQ1F
           cn10M30DcHctnEchwaAI7dxI2knYCQ5biNHB2Djxm3bFmyU5TA3ALZt3D
           SeABIkiRJcm0AxpEkSZI7AEiSJEmSwUYZ1mQLYNu2bdumPWDbtm3b9gOA
           EmSJFkFgCRJkiQZbHRhTccDtm3btm0qAEaOJEmSPABIkiRJkjAASJIkSZ
           BRhfW9CKAJEmS49gCgCRJkiQ5P2Dbtm3bZgSAJEmSJClkcmVNLgBIkiRJ
           m8ASJIkSZIvAkiSJEmOswM2btu2bcMVmd3kIoDkyJEkySOAJEmS3AgGgC
           JkhypC2DjuG3j9mxOWQiyEUQ1DAtyvQJS9aTWWc4KuFqLO9F4CCJX4yeF
           MaSUWSLYMkYinzGa4HzyrEi6-pgHVdXe6mugKzW7VqHYOzcDDsXWnJkeV
           HFKpuLDZSrAroZOQohtASpE4dyZSRxozJQC6hJE2OLGiNYLM1ruIWzsCc
           hEW6c3AJhq6bmp9cZ0IvAy2a5xJVcUMNE8Qq3G0CEJy30SNxwrUqUy5Nc
           WkI3S7UCk4iyrBM3AzCvJqkisQPQkcekWjYDoJk4DpWiPmUzXCtKFMkuy
           g7MtWnrqLwMSqpjR8vXDipSKzk1D-bOjdLzgNQollapqqCUmjChmctA6j
           mYPOLYJtHbatocTAZCfAQ3LHs6O2zDuCC_LyStAgkklFHZesUspXsSr0S
           lCRYg-hXc2tKqMsgeqYkNzSVmLc9mk08zbhzUKO3fhkzJQsvBTCcNk2s-
           UxO5zpatkETyFn-xtrxRaTR0hZk3WDo5ELiFWOq7hmMxgKjdcY0SO4Fk7
           ijHC6EYNXEZI6oDUQz2EeJMMh1orxSOup04uUUjOtyjwVQ3HdhpuSRyJv
           WzpRTo-so7pMpdgKWUk0jlEwjiqBJAwcuw5lca39VznGdMLAg6o-EEenb
           EQxgkeS0xxEteISQcQUNPm8KxaV1xKKIq-BFEpsm_bjIFPLiJwpRoEoSZ
           uqWuBJLuu1oxZC8ksQB0Wkt_IqrwaSMq8p4mzEPrFksdx9i9KZVv36AvG
           MmyKsHI864U2eThk-iNKRsvgRsqL1vMTUHbPK2ZqVwNHW3oEIay3EaN7x
           GgV4mmK8Q1k0O4jHPCFpRzHYxBtbOEZFMQeMoOVQ2F8GTOXvh9-qARmvO
           H9MYaOpdTIFaS-ZJO4OGmZOvo3fEig5M8lQvwxinfXKhc4QrPGM0pIJth
           KkixBYjvlZJlNwXTljSW8VWFex6tshg7BUiVuU8VoDtlMwRBEkqXknPYW
           NFMRtW_FMhsVIpV4RDESZlqtFXHVI3GSmHZyNFMV24h48qsHAdLYeumkS
           hTYG1Qp0LpWhr1UitEmaJ1DxuXwgGEe62VbkIUKKbdkv2CFhIZMdnkebS
           RKzoCG7Uc32ywDkqkauEsuAzOqK1vnNoKFOtloMaa5YBWwbZI_aPtKzFM
           yqx7WNBXEqt43TasSiiaAKW8U2NSFxMuA6htzZ8ougZAbtgLVamHcwpHZ
           q6B40DSETuvriVpKyFIUpxogTQvwrBFaY5MScRRE6GFMFGqYp5L26r4Eo

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           kooM941UsSSRC6NVuXVFmol1pueTN7sLdPY-uiHbuECmzJFAvywh-KivW
           RRtmK4u4p1Va666LNhrFMtF3tZKlTDvgdOFlqN-zUGbWLWajishIrY5DT
           LYovSDJJ2co6MCCwrxmmd6u0wU-CtiptRtUQohlesWT1X0I4kR-NrCEmI
           FRGelq51TpDpN2jnuxFrUWfaop44QqkpsixOkeSsFwpyiIoHV4IN-NAtF
           boRbtIqoILbeS0SJe1i2_tl8Xi4xizaGMTbVg3w4C6biZ8LrTot8bmqK5
           WIKQWqUWloIyQhHJaAMTQaq4SQWNzTeTaoc5MHEkWrWHEY8moxcmLeQkQ
           toV9lsiM7S6HlKE6nLKfAJK3GVq0WQeK8fmKNcascCXElWJJd9iwvNSi9
           NvGsRwsvvxyHsw0OqqptnxsWafZojyKIykTLXobrtrgcAoryw9tNE7TVs
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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 40]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 41]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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       }
     ],

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 42]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

     "analysis": [],
     "attachments": [],
     "uuid": "01838789-7142-8aff-973a-91e26eb8001b"
   }

A.2.  Text Chat vCon

   TODO: text vCon example

A.3.  Email Thread Multipart vCon

   The following is an unsigned form of an vCon for a 2 message email
   thread between 2 parties.  The email messages are multipart MIME
   message bodies.

   {
     "vcon": "0.0.1",
     "parties": [
       {
         "mailto": "b@example.com",
         "name": "Bob"
       },
       {
         "mailto": "a@example.com",
         "name": "Alice"
       }
     ],
     "dialog": [
       {
         "type": "text",
         "start": "2022-09-23T21:44:25.000+00:00",
         "duration": 0,
         "parties": [
           0,
           1
         ],
         "mimetype": "multipart/mixed; \n\tboundary=\"----=_Part_388
           8314_1108189513.1663969465698\"",
         "encoding": "None",
         "body": "------=_Part_388314_1108189513.1663969465698\n\rCo
           ontent-Type: multipart/alternative;\n\r\tboundary=\"----=
           Part_388313_805631480.1663969465697\"\n\r\n\r------=_Part
           388313_805631480.1663969465697\n\rContent-Type: text/plai
           ; charset=UTF-8\n\rContent-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\n\r\n\
           Alice:Please find the image attached.\n\r\n\rRegards,Bob\
           \r\n\r------=_Part_388313_805631480.1663969465697\n\rCont
           nt-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\n\rContent-Transfer-Enc
           ding: 7bit\n\r\n\r<html><head></head><body><div class=\"y

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 43]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

           hoo-style-wrap\" style=\"font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helv
           tica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;\"><div dir=\"ltr\
            data-setdir=\"false\"><div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font
           family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, san
           -serif; font-size: 16px;\">Alice:</div><div dir=\"ltr\" s
           yle=\"font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica,
           Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Please find the ima
           e attached.<br></div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font-family
            &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif
            font-size: 16px;\"><br></div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"fo
           t-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, s
           ns-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Regards,</div><div dir=\"ltr
           " style=\"font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvet
           ca, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Bob</div></div>
           br></div></div></body></html>\n\r------=_Part_388313_8056
           1480.1663969465697--\n\r\n\r------=_Part_388314_110818951
           .1663969465698\n\rContent-Type: image/png\n\rContent-Tran
           fer-Encoding: base64\n\rContent-Disposition: attachment;
           ilename=\"=?UTF-8?b?c2NyZWVuc2hvdC5wbmc=?=\"\n\rContent-I
           : <c4c28087-6fa1-395e-e50f-dcefd3d6bf96@yahoo.com>\n\r\n\
           iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAACYAAAAeCAIAAADPdvs5AAAAA3NCSVQIC
           jb4U/gAAAAGXRFWHRT\n\rb2Z0d2FyZQBnbm9tZS1zY3JlZW5zaG907wO
           PgAAALpJREFUSInl1t0NgzAMBOC7qPvP1gW6Qjdo\n\rj4f0J4qAJI6NR
           vniE8+mwCvtzv6imTnyf1K/UclHUFWjIvaIL3CHCABSPKKtJckWfY6zw+
           j5dq\n\rISdVIzmj2klzTZG2Rme7NKgOwY6qPrMcUs+2PqchL14P+oyz+
           Hx77K5Sv8xyxAyZ0uBaxn/SpcU\n\r8NxcosAut1Y3NtjVX7UjZlmpgWT
           FyvVQPKB16tSqW53bFnKtyyZvYT3rSsAWADWAlOjseYFfwAA\n\rAABJR
           5ErkJggg==\n\r\n\r------=_Part_388314_1108189513.16639694
           5698--\n\r"
       },
       {
         "type": "text",
         "start": "2022-09-23T21:44:59.000+00:00",
         "duration": 0,
         "parties": [
           1,
           0
         ],
         "mimetype": "multipart/alternative; \n\tboundary=\"----=_Pa
           art_390234_811845464.1663969499935\"",
         "encoding": "None",
         "body": "------=_Part_390234_811845464.1663969499935\n\rCon
           ntent-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n\rContent-Transfer
           Encoding: 7bit\n\r\n\r Hi Bob:Got it. Thanks.\n\r\n\r
           n Friday, September 23, 2022, 9:44:40 PM UTC, Bob <b@exam
           le.com> wrote:  \n\r \n\r Alice:Please find the image att
           ched.\n\r\n\rRegards,Bob\n\r  \n\r------=_Part_390234_811
           45464.1663969499935\n\rContent-Type: text/html; charset=U

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 44]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

           F-8\n\rContent-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit\n\r\n\r<html><head
           </head><body><div class=\"ydp89e479a0yahoo-style-wrap\" s
           yle=\"font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-
           erif;font-size:16px;\"><div></div>\n\r        <div><div><
           iv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helve
           ica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Hi Bob:</div><
           iv dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helve
           ica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\">Got it. Thanks
           </div></div><br></div><div><br></div>\n\r        \n\r
              </div><div id=\"ydpdc5150a3yahoo_quoted_4829810715\" c
           ass=\"ydpdc5150a3yahoo_quoted\">\n\r            <div styl
           =\"font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-s
           rif;font-size:13px;color:#26282a;\">\n\r                \
           \r                <div>\n\r                    On Friday,
           September 23, 2022, 9:44:40 PM UTC, Bob &lt;b@example.com
           gt; wrote:\n\r                </div>\n\r                <
           iv><br></div>\n\r                <div><br></div>\n\r
                     <div><div id=\"ydpdc5150a3yiv4578005613\"><div>
           div style=\"font-family:Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial,
           sans-serif;font-size:16px;\" class=\"ydpdc5150a3yiv457800
           613yahoo-style-wrap\"><div dir=\"ltr\"><div><div dir=\"lt
           \" style=\"font-family:Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-
           ize:16px;\">Alice:</div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font-fam
           ly:Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;\">Please
           ind the image attached.<br></div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\
           font-family:Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;\
           ><br></div><div dir=\"ltr\" style=\"font-family:Helvetica
            Arial, sans-serif;font-size:16px;\">Regards,</div><div d
           r=\"ltr\" style=\"font-family:Helvetica, Arial, sans-seri
           ;font-size:16px;\">Bob</div></div><br></div></div></div><
           div></div>\n\r            </div>\n\r        </div></body>
           /html>\n\r------=_Part_390234_811845464.1663969499935--\n
           r"
       }
     ],
     "analysis": [],
     "attachments": [],
     "subject": "Account problem",
     "uuid": "0183806b-f18f-8c84-973a-91e26eb8001b"
   }

A.4.  Email Thread Text vCon

   The following is an unsigned form of an vCon for a 3 message email
   thread between 2 parties.  The email messages are plain text message
   bodies.

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   {
     "vcon": "0.0.1",
     "parties": [
       {
         "mailto": "a@example.com",
         "name": "Alice"
       },
       {
         "mailto": "b@example.com",
         "name": "Bob"
       }
     ],
     "dialog": [
       {
         "type": "text",
         "start": "2022-09-23T23:24:59.000+00:00",
         "duration": 0,
         "parties": [
           0,
           1
         ],
         "mimetype": "text/plain",
         "encoding": "None",
         "body": "Hi Bob:\nI just wanted to follow up to see that yo
           our account is ok now.\n\nRegards,\nAlice\n\n"
       },
       {
         "type": "text",
         "start": "2022-09-23T23:34:32.000+00:00",
         "duration": 0,
         "parties": [
           1,
           0
         ],
         "mimetype": "text/plain; charset=UTF-8",
         "encoding": "None",
         "body": "Hi Alice:\nAll is fine. Thanks.\n\n    On Friday,
            September 23, 2022, 23:24:59 PM UTC, Alice <a@example.co
           > wrote:  \n \n  Hi Bob:\n  I just wanted to follow up to
           see that your account is ok now.\n  \n  Regards,\n  Alice
           n"
       },
       {
         "type": "text",
         "start": "2022-09-23T23:38:12.000+00:00",
         "duration": 0,
         "parties": [
           0,

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 46]
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           1
         ],
         "mimetype": "text/plain",
         "encoding": "None",
         "body": "Awesome!\n\n    On Friday, September 23, 2022, 23:
           :34: PM UTC, Bob <b@example.com> wrote:  \n\n  Hi Alice:\
             All is fine. Thanks.\n  \n      On Friday, September 23
            2022, 23:24:59 PM UTC, Alice <a@example.com> wrote:  \n
            \n    Hi Bob:\n    I just wanted to follow up to see tha
            your account is ok now.\n    \n    Regards,\n    Alice\n
       }
     ],
     "analysis": [],
     "attachments": [],
     "subject": "Account issue followup",
     "uuid": "018380f8-60db-8464-973a-91e26eb8001b"
   }

A.5.  Two Party Call vCon With Externally Referenced Recording

   This example vCon is for a simple 2 party PSTN call.  It has a single
   Dialog Object which reference a single channel wav format recording
   with the two parties audio mixed into the single channel.

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   {
     "vcon": "0.0.1",
     "parties": [
       {
         "tel": "+12345678901",
         "name": "Alice"
       },
       {
         "tel": "+19876543210",
         "name": "Bob"
       }
     ],
     "dialog": [
       {
         "type": "recording",
         "start": "2022-06-21T17:53:26.000+00:00",
         "duration": 4.72,
         "parties": [
           0,
           1
         ],
         "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/dgpetrie/draft-pe
           etrie-vcon/main/examples/ab_call.wav",
         "mimetype": "audio/x-wav",
         "filename": "ab_call.wav",
         "signature": "Re9R7UWKaD7yN9kxoYLbFFNSKU8XfH18NFbTc3AgT4_aB
           BubMtvGUEtRmP6XUxSS3Nl4LU-1mOCtezoTHQ67cVQ",
         "alg": "SHA-512"
       }
     ],
     "analysis": [],
     "attachments": [],
     "uuid": "0183878b-dacf-8e27-973a-91e26eb8001b"
   }

A.6.  Signed vCon

   This example vCon is the signed form of the Two Party Call vCon With
   Externally Referenced Recording (Appendix A.5) example.  The private
   key used to sign this can be found at:

 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vcon-dev/vcon/main/certs/fake_grp.key

   The certificate chain is included in the x5c parameter of the header
   Object.

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   {
     "payload": "eyJ2Y29uIjoiMC4wLjEiLCJwYXJ0aWVzIjpbeyJ0ZWwiOiIrMTI
       IzNDU2Nzg5MDEiLCJuYW1lIjoiQWxpY2UifSx7InRlbCI6IisxOTg3NjU0MzI
       MCIsIm5hbWUiOiJCb2IifV0sImRpYWxvZyI6W3sidHlwZSI6InJlY29yZGluZ
       IsInN0YXJ0IjoiMjAyMi0wNi0yMVQxNzo1MzoyNi4wMDArMDA6MDAiLCJkdXJ
       dGlvbiI6NC43MiwicGFydGllcyI6WzAsMV0sInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOi8vcmF3L
       dpdGh1YnVzZXJjb250ZW50LmNvbS9kZ3BldHJpZS9kcmFmdC1wZXRyaWUtdmN
       bi9tYWluL2V4YW1wbGVzL2FiX2NhbGwud2F2IiwibWltZXR5cGUiOiJhdWRpb
       94LXdhdiIsImZpbGVuYW1lIjoiYWJfY2FsbC53YXYiLCJzaWduYXR1cmUiOiJ
       ZTlSN1VXS2FEN3lOOWt4b1lMYkZGTlNLVThYZkgxOE5GYlRjM0FnVDRfYUJ1Y
       10dkdVRXRSbVA2WFV4U1MzTmw0TFUtMW1PQ3Rlem9USFE2N2NWUSIsImFsZyI
       IlNIQS01MTIifV0sImFuYWx5c2lzIjpbXSwiYXR0YWNobWVudHMiOltdLCJ1d
       lkIjoiMDE4Mzg3OGItZGFjZi04ZTI3LTk3M2EtOTFlMjZlYjgwMDFiIn0",
     "signatures": [
       {
         "header": {
           "x5c": [
             "MIID0TCCArkCAQEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwgasxCzAJBgNVBAYTAl
               lVTMQswCQYDVQQIDAJNQTERMA8GA1UEBwwIRmFrZXRvd24xETAPBg
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               mYWtldmNvbi5vcmcxGTAXBgNVHREMEGRpdi5mYWtldmNvbi5vcmcw
               hcNMjIwNjA0MDE0MzI1WhcNMzIwNjAxMDE0MzI1WjCBsDELMAkGA1
               EBhMCVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk1BMREwDwYDVQQHDAhGYWtldG93bjER
               A8GA1UECgwIRmFrZVZjb24xDjAMBgNVBAsMBUdyb3VwMRwwGgYDVQ
               DDBNncnAuZGl2LmZha2V2Y29uLmlvMSEwHwYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhJh
               G1pbkBmYWtldmNvbi5vcmcxHTAbBgNVHREMFGdycC5kaXYuZmFrZX
               jb24ub3JnMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA
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               txFQeef3Q5SJIzeqffJDssXDsyREuwQ2iTcOrZaZxs8h1NX9NjVD6
               MAwx7tw0Cgmu8rj6+/Kjs0KI8OzCuDXZGTGf/bH6EQW85qYh9IF0P
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             "MIIEyTCCArECAQEwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwgagxCzAJBgNVBAYTAl
               lVTMQswCQYDVQQIDAJNQTERMA8GA1UEBwwIRmFrZXRvd24xFTATBg
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               jIwNTI5MjEzOTMxWhcNMzIwNTI2MjEzOTMxWjCBqzELMAkGA1UEBh

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 49]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

               CVVMxCzAJBgNVBAgMAk1BMREwDwYDVQQHDAhGYWtldG93bjERMA8G
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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 50]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

               tBrcO6HxlbmIDxKrAAo5aj4hnlQcY4RRbNwppCAjK+zcASlpyvRAg
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           ],
           "alg": "RS256"
         },
         "signature": "E-KCNMrVu-ekUI2iC3QwGtYCUgQ-UKBPa2SnSOOyB7Mrm
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         "protected": "eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCIsIng1YyI6W
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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 51]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 52]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 53]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

           SDB6YTMyWXErS0M4R290SGRJNmppc0RFb203YUhnbGc9PSJdfQ"
       }
     ]
   }

A.7.  Encrypted vCon

   This example vCon is the encrypted form of the Signed vCon
   (Appendix A.6) example.  The private key to decrypt it can be found
   at:

 https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vcon-dev/vcon/main/certs/fake_grp.key

   {
     "protected": "eyJhbGciOiJSU0EtT0FFUCIsImVuYyI6IkEyNTZDQkMtSFM1M
       MTIifQ",
     "iv": "g5zT1cKUqeGr5FRCjYZR-g",
     "cyphertext": "1CpaFE1zxtYynguDqkFfXKLlvRA6-UixwKd8ezBtX8389tpx
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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 54]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 55]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 56]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 57]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 58]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 59]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

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     "tag": "FkzX05M7YMEpxDSzSWWvPLWqGbIFSpHrOc05bXAvXcw",
     "recipients": [
       {
         "header": {
           "enc": "A256CBC-HS512"
         },
         "encrypted_key": "KQA9phPSLhov5qPZ5zJUIb1jTV2BEW3wYihG2-bc_
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A.8.  Redacted Signed vCon

   TODO: redacted vCon example

A.9.  Appended Signed vCon

   TODO: appended vCon example

A.10.  vCon Group

   TODO: group vCon example

Acknowledgments

   TODO: acknowledgements

Authors' Addresses

   Daniel G Petrie
   SIPez LLC

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 60]
Internet-Draft                  JSON vCon                   October 2022

   Email: dan.ietf@sipez.com

   Thomas McCarthy-Howe
   Strolid
   Email: thomas.howe@strolid.com

Petrie & McCarthy-Howe    Expires 23 April 2023                [Page 61]