Signaling RSVP-TE tunnels on a shared MPLS forwarding plane
draft-sitaraman-mpls-rsvp-shared-labels-03
| Document | Type | Replaced Internet-Draft (mpls WG) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Harish Sitaraman , Vishnu Pavan Beeram , Tejal Parikh , Tarek Saad | ||
| Last updated | 2017-12-18 (Latest revision 2017-12-08) | ||
| Replaced by | draft-ietf-mpls-rsvp-shared-labels, RFC 8577 | ||
| RFC stream | Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Additional resources | Mailing list discussion | ||
| Stream | WG state | Adopted by a WG | |
| Document shepherd | Loa Andersson | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Yes | ||
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | Loa Andersson <loa@pi.nu> |
draft-sitaraman-mpls-rsvp-shared-labels-03
MPLS Working Group H. Sitaraman
Internet-Draft V. Beeram
Intended status: Standards Track Juniper Networks
Expires: June 12, 2018 T. Parikh
Verizon
T. Saad
Cisco Systems
December 9, 2017
Signaling RSVP-TE tunnels on a shared MPLS forwarding plane
draft-sitaraman-mpls-rsvp-shared-labels-03.txt
Abstract
As the scale of MPLS RSVP-TE networks has grown, so the number of
Label Switched Paths (LSPs) supported by individual network elements
has increased. Various implementation recommendations have been
proposed to manage the resulting increase in control plane state.
However, those changes have had no effect on the number of labels
that a transit Label Switching Router (LSR) has to support in the
forwarding plane. That number is governed by the number of LSPs
transiting or terminated at the LSR and is directly related to the
total LSP state in the control plane.
This document defines a mechanism to prevent the maximum size of the
label space limit on an LSR from being a constraint to control plane
scaling on that node. That is, it allows many more LSPs to be
supported than there are forwarding plane labels available.
This work introduces the notion of pre-installed 'per Traffic
Engineering (TE) link labels' that can be shared by MPLS RSVP-TE LSPs
that traverse these TE links. This approach significantly reduces
the forwarding plane state required to support a large number of
LSPs. This couples the feature benefits of the RSVP-TE control plane
with the simplicity of the Segment Routing MPLS forwarding plane.
This document also introduces the ability to mix different types of
label operations along the path of an LSP, thereby allowing the
ingress router or an external controller to influence how to
optimally place a LSP in the network.
Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
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14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on June 12, 2018.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2017 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
publication of this document. Please review these documents
carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
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include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. Allocation of TE Link Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. Segment Routed RSVP-TE Tunnel Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. Delegating Label Stack Imposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.1. Stacking at the Ingress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1.1. Stack to Reach Delegation Hop . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
5.1.2. Stack to Reach Egress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
5.2. Explicit Delegation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.3. Automatic Delegation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
5.3.1. Effective Transport Label-Stack Depth (ETLD) . . . . 10
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6. Mixing TE Link Labels and Regular Labels in an RSVP-TE Tunnel 11
7. Construction of Label Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
8. Facility Backup Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.1. Link Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
8.2. Node Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. Quantifying TE Link Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10. Protocol Extensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10.1. Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10.2. Attribute Flags TLV: TE Link Label . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10.3. RRO Label Subobject Flag: TE Link Label . . . . . . . . 15
10.4. Attribute Flags TLV: LSI-D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
10.5. RRO Label Subobject Flag: Delegation Label . . . . . . . 16
10.6. Attributes Flags TLV: LSI-D-S2E . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
10.7. Attributes TLV: ETLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
11. OAM Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
12. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
13. Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
14. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
14.1. Attribute Flags: TE Link Label, LSI-D, LSI-D-S2E . . . . 18
14.2. Attribute TLV: ETLD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
14.3. Record Route Label Sub-object Flags: TE Link Label,
Delegation Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
15. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
16. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
16.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
16.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
1. Introduction
The scaling of RSVP-TE [RFC3209] control plane implementations can be
improved by adopting the guidelines and mechanisms described in
[RFC2961] and [I-D.ietf-teas-rsvp-te-scaling-rec]. These documents
do not make any difference to the forwarding plane state required to
handle the control plane state. The forwarding plane state remains
unchanged and is directly proportional to the total number of Label
Switching Paths (LSPs) supported by the control plane.
This document describes a mechanism that prevents the size of the
platform specific label space on a Label Switching Router (LSR) from
being a constraint to pushing the limits of control plane scaling on
that node.
This work introduces the notion of pre-installed 'per Traffic
Engineering (TE) link labels' that are allocated by an LSR. Each
such label is installed in the MPLS forwarding plane with a 'pop'
operation and the instruction to forward the received packet over the
TE link. An LSR advertises this label in the Label object of a Resv
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message as LSPs are set up and they are recorded hop by hop in the
Record Route object (RRO) of the Resv message as it traverses the
network. To make use of this feature, the ingress Label Edge Router
(LER) pushes a stack of labels [RFC3031] as received in the RRO.
These 'TE link labels' can be shared by MPLS RSVP-TE LSPs that
traverse the same TE link.
This forwarding plane behavior fits in the MPLS architecture
[RFC3031] and is same as that exhibited by Segment Routing (SR)
[I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing] when using an MPLS forwarding plane
and a series of adjacency segments. This work couples the feature
benefits of the RSVP-TE control plane with the simplicity of the
Segment Routing MPLS forwarding plane. The RSVP-TE tunnels that use
this shared forwarding plane can co-exist with MPLS-SR LSPs
[I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-mpls] as described in
[I-D.ietf-teas-sr-rsvp-coexistence-rec].
RSVP-TE using a shared MPLS forwarding plane offers the following
benefits:
1. Shared Labels: The transit label on a TE link is shared among
RSVP-TE tunnels traversing the link and is used independent of
the ingress and egress of the LSPs.
2. Faster LSP setup time: No forwarding plane state needs to be
programmed during LSP setup and teardown resulting in faster time
for provisioning and deprovisioning LSPs.
3. Hitless re-routing: New transit labels are not required during
make-before-break (MBB) in scenarios where the new LSP instance
traverses the exact same path as the old LSP instance. This
saves the ingress LER and the services that use the tunnel from
needing to update the forwarding plane with new tunnel labels and
so makes MBB events faster. Periodic MBB events are relatively
common in networks that deploy the 'auto-bandwidth' feature on
RSVP-TE LSPs to monitor bandwidth utilization and periodically
adjust LSP bandwidth.
4. Mix and match labels: Both 'TE link labels' and regular labels
can be used on transit hops for a single RSVP-TE tunnel (see
Section 6). This allows backward compatibility with transit LSRs
that provide regular labels in Resv messages.
No additional extensions are required to routing protocols (IGP-TE)
in order to support this shared MPLS forwarding plane.
Functionalities such as bandwidth admission control, LSP priorities,
preemption, auto-bandwidth and Fast Reroute continue to work with
this forwarding plane.
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The signaling procedures and extensions discussed in this document do
not apply to Point to Multipoint (P2MP) RSVP-TE Tunnels.
2. Terminology
The following terms are used in this document:
TE link label: An incoming label at an LSR that will be popped by
the LSR with the packet being forwarded over a specific outgoing
TE link to a neighbor.
Shared MPLS forwarding plane: An MPLS forwarding plane where every
participating LSR uses TE link labels on every LSP.
Segment Routed RSVP-TE tunnel: An MPLS RSVP-TE tunnel that requests
the use of a shared MPLS forwarding plane at every hop of the LSP.
3. Allocation of TE Link Labels
An LSR that participates in a shared MPLS forwarding plane MUST
allocate a unique TE link label for each TE link. When an LSR
encounters a TE link label at the top of the label stack it MUST pop
the label and forward the packet over the TE link to the downstream
neighbor on the RSVP-TE tunnel.
Multiple TE link labels MAY be allocated for the TE link to
accommodate tunnels requesting no protection, link-protection and
node-protection over the specific TE link.
Implementations that maintain per label bandwidth accounting at each
hop must aggregate the reservations made for all the LSPs using the
shared TE link label.
4. Segment Routed RSVP-TE Tunnel Setup
This section provides an example of how the RSVP-TE signaling
procedure works to set up a tunnel utilizing a shared MPLS forwarding
plane. The sample topology below is used to explain the example.
Labels shown at each node are TE link labels that, when present at
the top of the label stack, indicate that they should be popped and
that the packet should be forwarded on the TE link to the neighbor.
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+---+100 +---+150 +---+200 +---+250 +---+
| A |-----| B |-----| C |-----| D |-----| E |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|110 |450 |550 |650 |850
| | | | |
| |400 |500 |600 |800
| +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
+-------| F |-----|G |-----|H |-----|I |
+---+300 +---+350 +---+700 +---+
Figure 1: Sample Topology - TE Link Labels
Consider two tunnels:
RSVP-TE tunnel T1: From A to E on path A-B-C-D-E
RSVP-TE tunnel T2: From F to E on path F-B-C-D-E
Both tunnels share the TE links B-C, C-D, and D-E.
RSVP-TE is used to signal the setup of tunnel T1 (using the TE link
label attributes flag defined in Section 10.2). When LSR D receives
the Resv message from the egress LER E, it checks the next-hop TE
link (D-E) and provides the TE link label (250) in the Resv message
for the tunnel placing the label value in the Label object and also
in the Label subobject carried in the RRO and setting the TE link
label flag as defined in Section 10.3.
Similarly, LSR C provides the TE link label (200) for the TE link
C-D, and LSR B provides the TE link label (150) for the TE link B-C.
For tunnel T2, the transit LSRs provide the same TE link labels as
described for tunnel T1 as the links B-C, C-D, and D-E are common
between the two LSPs.
The ingress LERs (A and F) will push the same stack of labels (from
top of stack to bottom of stack) {150, 200, 250} for tunnels T1 and
T2 respectively.
It should be noted that a transit LSR does not swap the top TE link
label on an incoming packet (the label that it advertised in the Resv
message it sent). All it has to do is pop the top label and forward
the packet.
The values in the Label subobjects in the RRO are of interest to the
ingress LERs in order to construct the stack of labels to impose on
the packets.
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If, in this example, there was another RSVP-TE tunnel T3 from F to I
on path F-B-C-D-E-I, then this would also share the TE links B-C,
C-D, and D-E and additionally traverse link E-I. The label stack
used by F would be {150, 200, 250, 850}. Hence, regardless of the
ingress and egress LERs from where the LSPs start and end, they will
share LSR labels at shared hops in the shared MPLS forwarding plane.
There MAY be local operator policy at the ingress LER that influences
the maximum depth of the label stack that can be pushed for a Segment
Routed RSVP-TE tunnel. Prior to signaling the LSP, the ingress LER
may decide that it would be unable to push a label stack containing
one label for each hop along the path. In this case the LER can
choose either to not signal a Segment Routed RSVP-TE tunnel (using
normal LSP signaling instead), or can adopt the techniques described
in Section 5 or Section 6.
5. Delegating Label Stack Imposition
One or more transit LSRs can assist the ingress LER by imposing part
of the label stack required for the path. Consider the example in
Figure 2 with an RSVP-TE tunnel from A to L on path
A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L. In this case, the LSP is too long for LER A
to impose the full label stack, so it uses the assistance of
delegation hops LSR D and LSR I to impose parts of the label stack.
Each delegation hop allocates a delegation label to represent a set
of labels that will be pushed at this hop. When a packet arrives at
a delegation hop LSR with a delegation label, the LSR pops the label
and pushes a set of labels before forwarding the packet.
1250d
+---+100p +---+150p +---+200p +---+250p +---+300p +---+
| A |------| B |------| C |------| D |------| E |------| F |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|350p
|
1500d |
+---+ 600p+---+ 550p+---+ 500p+---+ 450p+---+ 400p+---+
| L |------| K |------| J |------| I |------| H |------+ G +
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
Notation : <Label>p - TE link label
<Label>d - delegation label
Figure 2: Delegating Label Stack Imposition
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5.1. Stacking at the Ingress
When delegation labels come into play, there are two stacking
approaches that the ingress can choose from. Section 7 explains how
the label stack can be constructed.
5.1.1. Stack to Reach Delegation Hop
In this approach, the stack pushed by the ingress carries a set of
labels that will take the packet to the first delegation hop. When
this approach is employed, the set of labels represented by a
delegation label at a given delegation hop will include the
corresponding delegation label from the next delegation hop. As a
result, this delegation label can only be shared among LSPs that are
destined to the same egress and traverse the same downstream path.
This approach is shown in Figure 3. The delegation label 1250
represents the stack {300, 350, 400, 450, 1500} and the delegation
label 1500 represents the label stack {550, 600}.
+---+ +---+ +---+
| A |-----.....-----| D |-----.....-----| I |-----.....
+---+ +---+ +---+
Pop 1250 & Pop 1500 &
Push Push Push
...... ...... ......
: 150: 1250->: 300: 1500->: 550:
: 200: : 350: : 600:
:1250: : 400: ......
...... : 450:
:1500:
......
Figure 3: Stack to Reach Delegation Hop
With this approach, the ingress LER A will push {150, 200, 1250} for
the tunnel in Figure 2. At LSR D, the delegation label 1250 will get
popped and {300, 350, 400, 450, 1500} will get pushed. And at LSR I,
the delegation label 1500 will get popped and the remaining set of
labels {550, 600} will get pushed.
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5.1.2. Stack to Reach Egress
In this approach, the stack pushed by the ingress carries a set of
labels that will take the packet all the way to the egress so that
all the delegation labels are part of the stack. When this approach
is employed, the set of labels represented by a delegation label at a
given delegation hop will not include the corresponding delegation
label from the next delegation hop. As a result, this delegation
label can be shared among all LSPs traversing the segment between the
two delegation hops.
The downside of this approach is that the number of hops that the LSP
can traverse is dictated by the label stack push limit of the
ingress.
This approach is shown in Figure 4. The delegation label 1250
represents the stack {300, 350, 400, 450} and the delegation label
1500 represents the label stack {550, 600}.
+---+ +---+ +---+
| A |-----.....-----| D |-----.....-----| I |-----.....
+---+ +---+ +---+
Pop 1250 & Pop 1500 &
Push Push Push
...... ...... ......
: 150: 1250->: 300: 1500->: 550:
: 200: : 350: : 600:
:1250: : 400: ......
:1500: : 450:
...... ......
|1500|
......
Figure 4: Stack to reach egress
With this approach, the ingress LER A will push {150, 200, 1250,
1500} for the tunnel in Figure 2. At LSR D, the delegation label
1250 will get popped and {300, 350, 400, 450} will get pushed. And
at LSR I, the delegation label 1500 will get popped and the remaining
set of labels {550, 600} will get pushed. The signaling extension
required for the ingress to indicate the chosen stacking approach is
defined in Section 10.6.
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5.2. Explicit Delegation
In this delegation option, the ingress LER can explicitly delegate
one or more specific transit LSRs to handle pushing labels for a
certain number of their downstream hops. In order to accurately pick
the delegation hops, the ingress needs to be aware of the label stack
depth push limit of each of the transit LSRs prior to initiating the
signaling sequence. The mechanism by which the ingress or controller
(hosting the path computation element) learns this information is
outside the scope of this document.
The signaling extension required for the ingress LER to explicitly
delegate one or more specific transit hops is defined in
Section 10.4. The extension required for the delegation hop to
indicate that the recorded label is a delegation label is defined in
Section 10.5.
5.3. Automatic Delegation
In this approach, the ingress LER lets the downstream LSRs
automatically pick suitable delegation hops during the initial
signaling sequence. The ingress does not need to be aware up front
of the label stack depth push limit of each of the transit LSRs. The
delegation hops are picked based on a per-hop signaled attribute
called the Effective Transport Label-Stack Depth (ETLD) as described
in the next section.
5.3.1. Effective Transport Label-Stack Depth (ETLD)
The ETLD is signaled as a per-hop attribute in the Path message
[RFC7570]. When automatic delegation is requested, the ingress MUST
populate the ETLD with the maximum number of transport labels that it
can potentially send to its downstream hop. This value is then
decremented at each successive hop. If a node is reached where the
ETLD set from the previous hop is 1, then that node MUST select
itself as the delegation hop. If a node is reached and it is
determined that this hop cannot receive more than one transport
label, then that node MUST select itself as the delegation hop. If
there is a node or a sequence of nodes along the path of the LSP that
do not support ETLD, then the immediate hop that supports ETLD MUST
select itself as the delegation hop. The ETLD MUST be decremented at
each non-delegation transit hop by either 1 or some appropriate
number based on the limitations at that hop. At each delegation hop,
the ETLD MUST be reset to the maximum number of transport labels that
the hop can send and the ETLD decrements start again at each
successive hop until either a new delegation hop is selected or the
egress is reached. The net result is that by the time the Path
message reaches the egress, all delegation hops are selected. During
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the Resv processing, at each delegation hop, a suitable delegation
label is selected (either an existing label is reused or a new label
is allocated) and recorded in the Resv message.
Consider the example shown in Figure 5. Let's assume ingress LER A
can push up to 3 transport labels while the remaining nodes can push
up to 5 transport labels. The ingress LER A signals the initial Path
message with ETLD set to 3. The ETLD value is adjusted at each
successive hop and signaled downstream as shown. By the time the
Path message reaches the egress LER L, LSRs D and I are automatically
selected as delegation hops.
ETLD:3 ETLD:2 ETLD:1 ETLD:5 ETLD:4
-----> -----> -----> -----> ----->
1250d
+---+100p +---+150p +---+200p +---+250p +---+300p +---+
| A |-----| B |-----| C |-----| D |-----| E |-----| F | ETLD:3
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ |
|350p |
| |
1500d | |
+---+ 600p+---+ 550p+---+ 500p+---+ 450p+---+ 400p+---+ v
| L |-----| K |-----| J |-----| I |-----| H |-----+ G +
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
ETLD:3 ETLD:4 ETLD:5 ETLD:1 ETLD:2
<----- <----- <----- <----- <-----
Figure 5: ETLD
Signaling extension for the ingress LER to request automatic
delegation is defined in Section 10.4. The extension for signaling
the ETLD is defined in Section 10.7. The extension required for the
delegation hop to indicate that the recorded label is a delegation
label is defined in Section 10.5.
6. Mixing TE Link Labels and Regular Labels in an RSVP-TE Tunnel
Labels can be mixed across transit hops in a single MPLS RSVP-TE LSP.
Certain LSRs can use TE link labels and others can use regular
labels. The ingress can construct a label stack appropriately based
on what type of label is recorded from every transit LSR.
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(#) (#)
+---+100 +---+150 +---+200 +---+250 +---+
| A |-----| B |-----| C |-----| D |-----| E |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|110 |450 |550 |650 |850
| | | | |
| |400 |500 |600 |800
| +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
+-------| F |-----|G |-----|H |-----|I |
+---+300 +---+350 +---+700 +---+
Notation : (#) denotes regular labels
Other labels are TE link labels
Figure 6: Sample Topology - TE Link Labels and Regular Labels
If the transit LSR allocates a regular label to be sent upstream in
the Resv, then the label operation at the LSR is a swap to the label
received from the downstream LSR. If the transit LSR is using a TE
link label to be sent upstream in the Resv, then the label operation
at the LSR is a pop and forward regardless of any label received from
the downstream LSR. There is no change in the behavior of a
penultimate hop popping (PHP) LSR [RFC3031].
Section 7 explains how the label stack can be constructed. For
example, the LSP from A to I using path A-B-C-D-E-I will use a label
stack of {150, 200}.
7. Construction of Label Stacks
The ingress LER or delegation hop MUST check the type of label
received from each transit hop as recorded in the RRO in the Resv
message and generate the appropriate label stack to reach the next
delegation hop or the egress.
The following logic could be used by the node constructing the label
stack:
Each RRO label sub-object SHOULD be processed starting with the
label sub-object from the first downstream hop. Any label
provided by the first downstream hop MUST always be pushed on the
label stack regardless of the label type. If the label type is a
TE link label, then any label from the next downstream hop MUST
also be pushed on the constructed label stack. If the label type
is a regular label, then any label from the next downstream hop
MUST NOT be pushed on the constructed label stack. If the label
type is a delegation label, then the stacking procedure stops at
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that delegation hop. Approaches in Section 5.1 SHOULD be used to
determine how the delegation labels are pushed in the label stack.
8. Facility Backup Protection
The following section describe how link and node protection works
with facility backup protection [RFC4090] for the Segment Routed
RSVP-TE tunnels.
8.1. Link Protection
To provide link protection at a Point of Local Repair (PLR) with a
shared MPLS forwarding plane, the LSR SHOULD allocate a separate TE
link label for the TE link that will be used for RSVP-TE tunnels that
request link-protection from the ingress. No signaling extensions
are required to support link protection for RSVP-TE tunnels over the
shared MPLS forwarding plane.
At each LSR, link protected TE link labels can be allocated for each
TE link and a link protecting facility backup LSP can be created to
protect the TE link. The link protected TE link label can be sent by
the LSR for LSPs requesting link-protection over the specific TE
link. Since the facility backup terminates at the next-hop (merge
point), the incoming label on the packet will be what the merge point
expects.
Consider the network shown in Figure 7. LSR B can install a facility
backup LSP for the link protected TE link label 151. When the TE
link B-C is up, LSR B will pop 151 and send the packet to C. If the
TE link B-C is down, the LSR can pop 151 and send the packet via the
facility backup to C.
101(*) 151(*) 201(*) 251(*)
+---+100 +---+150 +---+200 +---+250 +---+
| A |------| B |------| C |------| D |------| E |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
|110 |450 |550 |650 |850
| | | | |
| |400 |500 |600 |800
| +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
+--------| F |------|G |------|H |------|I |
+---+300 +---+350 +---+700 +---+
Notation : (*) denotes link protection TE link labels
Figure 7: Link Protection Topology
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8.2. Node Protection
The solutions for the PLR to provide node-protection for the Segment
Routed RSVP-TE tunnel will be explained in a future version of this
document.
9. Quantifying TE Link Labels
This section quantifies the number of labels required in the
forwarding plane to provide sharing of labels across Segment Routed
RSVP-TE tunnels. An MPLS RSVP-TE tunnel offers either no protection,
link protection, or node protection and only one of these labels is
required per tunnel during signaling. The scale of the number of TE
link labels required per LSR can be deduced as follows:
o For an LSR having X neighbors reachable across Y interfaces, the
number of unprotected TE link labels is X.
o For a PLR having X neighbors reachable across Y interfaces, the
number of link protected TE link labels is X.
o For a PLR having X neighbors, each having Nx neighbors (i.e. next-
nexthops for the PLR), number of node protected TE link labels is
SUM_OF_ALL(Nx).
The total number of TE link labels is given by:
Unprotected TE link labels +
link protected TE link labels +
node protected TE link labels = 2X + SUM_OF_ALL(Nx)
10. Protocol Extensions
10.1. Requirements
The functionality discussed in this document imposes the following
requirements on the signaling protocol.
o The Ingress of the LSP SHOULD have the ability to mandate/request
the use and recording of TE link labels at all hops along the path
of the LSP.
o When the use of TE link labels is mandated/requested for the path:
* the node recording the TE link label SHOULD have the ability to
indicate if the recorded label is a TE link label.
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* the ingress SHOULD have the ability to delegate label stack
imposition by:
+ explicitly mandating specific hops to be delegation hops
(or)
+ requesting automatic delegation.
* When explicit delegation is mandated or automatic delegation is
requested:
+ the ingress SHOULD have the ability to indicate the chosen
stacking approach (and)
+ the delegation hop SHOULD have the ability to indicate that
the recorded label is a delegation label.
10.2. Attribute Flags TLV: TE Link Label
Bit Number (TBD1): TE Link Label
The presence of this in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES/LSP_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES
object of a Path message indicates that the ingress has requested/
mandated the use and recording of TE link labels at all hops along
the path of this LSP. When a node that does not cater to the mandate
receives a Path message carrying the LSP_REQUIRED_ATTRIBUTES object
with this flag set, it MUST send a PathErr message with an error code
of 'routing problem' and an error value of 'TE link label usage
failure'.
10.3. RRO Label Subobject Flag: TE Link Label
Bit Number (TBD2): TE Link Label
The presence of this flag indicates that the recorded label is a TE
link label. This flag MUST be used by a node only if the use and
recording of TE link labels is requested/mandated for the LSP.
10.4. Attribute Flags TLV: LSI-D
Bit Number (TBD3): Label Stack Imposition - Delegation (LSI-D)
Automatic Delegation: The presence of this flag in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES
object of a Path message indicates that the ingress has requested
automatic delegation of label stack imposition. This flag MUST be
set in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES object of a Path message only if the use
and recording of TE link labels is requested/mandated for this LSP.
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Explicit Delegation: The presence of this flag in the HOP_ATTRIBUTES
subobject [RFC7570] of an ERO object in the Path message indicates
that the hop identified by the preceding IPv4 or IPv6 or Unnumbered
Interface ID subobject has been picked as an explicit delegation hop.
The HOP_ATTRIBUTES subobject carrying this flag MUST have the R
(Required) bit set. This flag MUST be set in the HOP_ATTRIBUTES
subobject of an ERO object in the Path message only if the use and
recording of TE link labels is requested/mandated for this LSP. If
the hop is not able to comply with this mandate, it MUST send a
PathErr message with an error code of 'routing problem' and an error
value of 'label stack imposition failure'.
10.5. RRO Label Subobject Flag: Delegation Label
Bit Number (TBD4): Delegation Label
The presence of this flag indicates that the recorded label is a
delegation label. This flag MUST be used by a node only if the use
and recording of TE link labels and delegation are requested/mandated
for the LSP.
10.6. Attributes Flags TLV: LSI-D-S2E
Bit Number (TBD5): Label Stack Imposition - Delegation - Stack to
reach egress (LSI-D-S2E)
The presence of this flag in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES object of a Path
message indicates that the ingress has chosen to use the "Stack to
reach egress" approach for stacking. The absence of this flag in the
LSP_ATTRIBUTES object of a Path message indicates that the ingress
has chosen to use the "Stack to reach delegation hop" approach for
stacking. This flag MUST be set in the LSP_ATTRIBUTES object of a
Path message only if the use and recording of TE link labels and
delegation are requested/mandated for this LSP.
10.7. Attributes TLV: ETLD
The format of the ETLD Attributes TLV is shown in Figure 8. The
Attribute TLV Type is TBD6.
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0 1 2 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
| Reserved | ETLD |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
Figure 8: The ETLD Attributes TLV
The presence of this TLV in the HOP_ATTRIBUTES subobject of an RRO
object in the Path message indicates that the hop identified by the
preceding IPv4 or IPv6 or Unnumbered Interface ID subobject supports
automatic delegation. This attribute MUST be used only if the use
and recording of TE link labels is requested/mandated and automatic
delegation is requested for the LSP. The ETLD field specifies the
maximum number of transport labels that this hop can potentially send
to its downstream hop.
11. OAM Considerations
MPLS LSP ping and traceroute [RFC8029] are applicable for Segment
Routed RSVP-TE tunnels. The existing procedures allow for the label
stack imposed at a delegation hop to be reported back in the Label
Stack Sub-TLV in the MPLS echo reply for traceroute.
12. Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Adrian Farrel, Kireeti Kompella,
Markus Jork and Ross Callon for their input from discussions.
Adrian Farrel provided a review and text suggestion for clarity and
readability.
13. Contributors
The following individuals contributed to this document:
Raveendra Torvi
Juniper Networks
Email: rtorvi@juniper.net
Chandra Ramachandran
Juniper Networks
Email: csekar@juniper.net
George Swallow
Email: swallow.ietf@gmail.com
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14. IANA Considerations
14.1. Attribute Flags: TE Link Label, LSI-D, LSI-D-S2E
IANA manages the 'Attribute Flags' registry as part of the 'Resource
Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) Parameters'
registry located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/rsvp-te-
parameters. This document introduces three new Attribute Flags.
Bit Name Attribute Attribute RRO ERO Reference
No. FlagsPath FlagsResv
TBD1 TE Link Label Yes No No No This document
(Section 11.2)
TBD3 LSI-D Yes No No Yes This document
(Section 11.4)
TBD5 LSI-D-S2E Yes No No No This document
(Section 11.6)
14.2. Attribute TLV: ETLD
IANA manages the "Attribute TLV Space" registry as part of the
'Resource Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE)
Parameters' registry located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/rsvp-
te-parameters. This document introduces a new Attribute TLV.
Type Name Allowed on Allowed on Allowed on Reference
LSP LSP REQUIRED LSP Hop
ATTRIBUTES ATTRIBUTES Attributes
TBD6 ETLD No No Yes This document
(Section 11.7)
14.3. Record Route Label Sub-object Flags: TE Link Label, Delegation
Label
IANA manages the 'Record Route Object Sub-object Flags' registry as
part of the 'Resource Reservation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-
TE) Parameters' registry located at http://www.iana.org/assignments/
rsvp-te-parameters. This registry currently does not include Label
Sub-object Flags. This document requests the addition of a new sub-
registry for Label Sub-object Flags as shown below.
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Flag Name Reference
0x1 Global Label RFC 3209
TBD2 TE Link Label This document (Section 11.3)
TBD4 Delegation Label This document (Section 11.5)
15. Security Considerations
This document does not introduce new security issues. The security
considerations pertaining to the original RSVP protocol [RFC2205] and
RSVP-TE [RFC3209] and those that are described in [RFC5920] remain
relevant.
16. References
16.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC2205] Braden, R., Ed., Zhang, L., Berson, S., Herzog, S., and S.
Jamin, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP) -- Version 1
Functional Specification", RFC 2205, DOI 10.17487/RFC2205,
September 1997, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2205>.
[RFC3031] Rosen, E., Viswanathan, A., and R. Callon, "Multiprotocol
Label Switching Architecture", RFC 3031,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3031, January 2001, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc3031>.
[RFC3209] Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan, V.,
and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for LSP
Tunnels", RFC 3209, DOI 10.17487/RFC3209, December 2001,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3209>.
[RFC4090] Pan, P., Ed., Swallow, G., Ed., and A. Atlas, Ed., "Fast
Reroute Extensions to RSVP-TE for LSP Tunnels", RFC 4090,
DOI 10.17487/RFC4090, May 2005, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc4090>.
[RFC7570] Margaria, C., Ed., Martinelli, G., Balls, S., and B.
Wright, "Label Switched Path (LSP) Attribute in the
Explicit Route Object (ERO)", RFC 7570,
DOI 10.17487/RFC7570, July 2015, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc7570>.
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[RFC8029] Kompella, K., Swallow, G., Pignataro, C., Ed., Kumar, N.,
Aldrin, S., and M. Chen, "Detecting Multiprotocol Label
Switched (MPLS) Data-Plane Failures", RFC 8029,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8029, March 2017, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc8029>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
16.2. Informative References
[I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing]
Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Ginsberg, L., Decraene, B.,
Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment Routing
Architecture", draft-ietf-spring-segment-routing-13 (work
in progress), October 2017.
[I-D.ietf-spring-segment-routing-mpls]
Filsfils, C., Previdi, S., Bashandy, A., Decraene, B.,
Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment Routing with MPLS
data plane", draft-ietf-spring-segment-routing-mpls-11
(work in progress), October 2017.
[I-D.ietf-teas-rsvp-te-scaling-rec]
Beeram, V., Minei, I., Shakir, R., Pacella, D., and T.
Saad, "Techniques to Improve the Scalability of RSVP
Traffic Engineering Deployments", draft-ietf-teas-rsvp-te-
scaling-rec-08 (work in progress), October 2017.
[I-D.ietf-teas-sr-rsvp-coexistence-rec]
Sitaraman, H., Beeram, V., Minei, I., and S. Sivabalan,
"Recommendations for RSVP-TE and Segment Routing LSP co-
existence", draft-ietf-teas-sr-rsvp-coexistence-rec-01
(work in progress), June 2017.
[RFC2961] Berger, L., Gan, D., Swallow, G., Pan, P., Tommasi, F.,
and S. Molendini, "RSVP Refresh Overhead Reduction
Extensions", RFC 2961, DOI 10.17487/RFC2961, April 2001,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2961>.
[RFC5920] Fang, L., Ed., "Security Framework for MPLS and GMPLS
Networks", RFC 5920, DOI 10.17487/RFC5920, July 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5920>.
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Authors' Addresses
Harish Sitaraman
Juniper Networks
1133 Innovation Way
Sunnyvale, CA 94089
US
Email: hsitaraman@juniper.net
Vishnu Pavan Beeram
Juniper Networks
10 Technology Park Drive
Westford, MA 01886
US
Email: vbeeram@juniper.net
Tejal Parikh
Verizon
400 International Parkway
Richardson, TX 75081
US
Email: tejal.parikh@verizon.com
Tarek Saad
Cisco Systems
2000 Innovation Drive
Kanata, Ontario K2K 3E8
Canada
Email: tsaad@cisco.com
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