Proxy-ARP/ND function in EVPN networks
draft-snr-bess-evpn-proxy-arp-nd-00
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Jorge Rabadan , Senthil Sathappan , Kiran Nagaraj , Wim Henderickx , Thomas King , Daniel Melzer | ||
| Last updated | 2015-03-09 | ||
| Replaced by | draft-ietf-bess-evpn-proxy-arp-nd, draft-ietf-bess-evpn-proxy-arp-nd, RFC 9161 | ||
| RFC stream | (None) | ||
| Formats | |||
| Stream | Stream state | (No stream defined) | |
| Consensus boilerplate | Unknown | ||
| RFC Editor Note | (None) | ||
| IESG | IESG state | I-D Exists | |
| Telechat date | (None) | ||
| Responsible AD | (None) | ||
| Send notices to | (None) |
draft-snr-bess-evpn-proxy-arp-nd-00
BESS Workgroup J. Rabadan, Ed.
Internet Draft S. Sathappan
K. Nagaraj
Intended status: Informational W. Henderickx
Alcatel-Lucent
T. King
D. Melzer
DE-CIX
Expires: September 10, 2015 March 9, 2015
Proxy-ARP/ND function in EVPN networks
draft-snr-bess-evpn-proxy-arp-nd-00
Abstract
The MAC/IP Advertisement route specified in [RFC7432] can optionally
carry IPv4 and IPv6 addresses associated with a MAC address. Remote
PEs can use this information to reply locally (act as proxy) to IPv4
ARP requests and IPv6 Neighbor Solicitation messages and
reduce/suppress the flooding produced by the Address Resolution
procedure. This EVPN capability is extremely useful in Internet
Exchange Points (IXPs) with large broadcast domains, where the amount
of ARP/ND flooded traffic causes issues on routers and CEs, as
explained in [RFC6820]. This document describes how the [RFC7432]
EVPN proxy-ARP/ND function should be implemented to help IXPs and
other operators deal with the issues derived from Address Resolution
in large broadcast domains.
Status of this Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that
other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list
of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
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http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html
This Internet-Draft will expire on September 10, 2015.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2015 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
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the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
described in the Simplified BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1. The IXP use-case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Solution requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4. Solution description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1. Learning sub-function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1.1. Proxy-ND and the NA Flags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
4.2. Reply sub-function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.3. Maintenance sub-function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
4.4. Flooding (to remote PEs) reduction/suppression . . . . . . 11
4.5. Duplicate IP detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
5. Solution benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
6. Conventions used in this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
10. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
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1. Terminology
BUM: Broadcast, Unknown unicast and Multicast layer-2 traffic.
ARP: Address Resolution Protocol.
GARP: Gratuitous ARP message.
ND: Neighbor Discovery Protocol.
NS: Neighbor Solicitation message.
NA: Neighbor Advertisement.
IXP: Internet eXchange Point.
IP->MAC: refers to an IP address associated to a MAC address. The
entries may be of three different types: dynamic, static or EVPN-
learnt.
SN-multicast address: Refers to the Solicited-Node IPv6 multicast
address used by NS messages.
NUD: Neighbor Unreachability Detection, as per [RFC4861].
DAD: Duplicate Address Detection, as per [RFC4861].
SLLA: Source Link Layer Address, as per [RFC4861].
TLLA: Target Link Layer Address, as per [RFC4861].
R-bit: Router Flag in NA messages, as per [RFC4861].
O-bit: Override Flag in NA messages, as per [RFC4861].
S-bit: Solicited Flag in NA messages, as per [RFC4861].
RT2: EVPN Route type 2 or MAC/IP Advertisement route, as per
[RFC7432].
MAC or IP DA: MAC or IP Destination Address.
MAC or IP SA: MAC or IP Source Address.
AS-MAC: Anti-spoofing MAC.
2. Introduction
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As specified in [RFC7432] the IP Address field in the MAC/IP
Advertisement route may optionally carry one of the IP addresses
associated with the MAC address. A PE may learn local IP->MAC pairs
and advertise them in EVPN MAC/IP routes. The remote PEs may add
those IP->MAC pairs to their Proxy-ARP/ND tables and reply to local
ARP requests or Neighbor Solicitations, reducing and even suppressing
in some cases the flooding in the EVPN network.
EVPN and its associated Proxy-ARP/ND function are extremely useful in
Data Centers (DCs) or Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) with large
broadcast domains, where the amount of ARP/ND flooded traffic causes
issues on routers and CEs. [RFC6820] describes the Address Resolution
problems in Large Data Center networks.
This document describes how the [RFC7432] proxy-ARP/ND function
should be implemented to help IXPs and other operators deal with the
issues derived from Address Resolution in large broadcast domains.
2.1. The IXP use-case
The implementation described in this document is especially useful in
IXP networks.
A typical IXP provides access to a large layer-2 peering network,
where (hundreds of) Internet routers are connected. This peering
network is transparent to the Customer Edge (CE) devices and
therefore floods any ARP request or NS messages to all the CEs in the
network. Unsolicited GARP and NA messages are flooded to all the CEs
too.
In these IXP networks, most of the CEs are typically peering routers
and roughly all the BUM traffic is originated by the ARP and ND
address resolution procedures. This ARP/ND BUM traffic causes
significant data volumes that reach every single router in the
peering network. Since the ARP/ND messages are processed in software
processors and they take high priority in the routers, heavy loads of
ARP/ND traffic can cause some routers to run out of resources. CEs
disappearing from the network may cause Address Resolution explosions
that can make a router with limited processing power fail to keep BGP
sessions running.
The issue may be better in IPv6 routers, since ND uses SN-multicast
address in NS messages, however ARP uses broadcast and has to be
processed by all the routers in the network. Some routers may also be
configured to broadcast periodic GARPs [RFC5227]. The amount of
ARP/ND flooded traffic grows exponentially with the number of IXP
participants, therefore the issue can only go worse as new CEs are
added.
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In order to deal with this issue, IXPs have developed certain
solutions over the past years. One example is the ARP-Sponge daemon
[ARP-Sponge]. While these solutions may mitigate the issues of
Address Resolution in large broadcasts domains, EVPN provides new
more efficient possibilities to IXPs. EVPN and its proxy-ARP/ND
function may help solve the issue in a distributed and scalable way,
fully integrated with the PE network.
3. Solution requirements
The distributed EVPN proxy-ARP/ND function described in this document
SHOULD meet the following requirements:
o The solution SHOULD support the learning of the CE IP->MAC entries
on the EVPN PEs via the management, control or data planes. An
implementation SHOULD allow to intentionally enable or disable
those possible learning mechanisms.
o The solution MAY suppress completely the flooding of the ARP/ND
messages in the EVPN network, assuming that all the CE IP->MAC
addresses local to the PEs are known or provisioned on the PEs from
a management system. Note that in this case, the unknown unicast
traffic can also be suppressed, since all the expected unicast
traffic will be destined to known MAC addresses in the PE MAC-VRFs.
o The solution MAY reduce significantly the flooding of the ARP/ND
messages in the EVPN network, assuming that some or all the CE
IP->MAC addresses are learnt on the data plane by snooping ARP/ND
messages issued by the CEs.
o The solution MAY provide a way to refresh periodically the CE
IP->MAC entries learnt through the data plane, so that the IP->MAC
entries are not withdrawn by EVPN when they age out unless the CE
is not active anymore. This option helps reducing the EVPN control
plane overhead in a network with active CEs that do not send
packets frequently.
o The solution SHOULD provide a mechanism to detect duplicate IP
addresses. In case of duplication, the detecting PE should not
reply to requests for the duplicate IP. Instead, the PE should
alert the operator and may optionally prevent any other CE from
sending traffic to the duplicate IP.
4. Solution description
Figure 1 illustrates an example EVPN network where the Proxy-ARP/ND
function is enabled.
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MAC-VRF1
Proxy-ARP/ND
+------------+
IP1/M1 +----------------------------+ |IP1->M1 EVPN|
GARP --->Proxy-ARP/ND | |IP2->M2 EVPN|
+---+ +----+---+ RT2(IP1/M1) | |IP3->M3 sta |
|CE1+------+MAC-VRF1| ------> +------+---|IP4->M4 dyn |
+---+ +--------+ | +------------+
PE1 | +--------+ Who has IP1?
| EVPN | |MAC-VRF1| <----- +---+
| EVI1 | | | | |CE3|
IP2/M2 | | | | -----> +---+
GARP --->Proxy-ARP/ND | +--------+ | IP1->M1
+---+ +--------+ RT2(IP2/M2) | |
|CE2+----+MAC-VRF1| ------> +--------------+
+---+ +--------+ PE3| +---+
PE2 | +----+CE4|
+----------------------------+ +---+
<---IP4/M4 GARP
Figure 1 Proxy-ARP/ND network example
When the Proxy-ARP/ND function is enabled in the MAC-VRFs of the EVPN
PEs, each PE creates a Proxy table specific to that MAC-VRF that can
contain three types of Proxy-ARP/ND entries:
a) Dynamic entries: learnt by snooping CE's ARP and ND messages. For
instance, IP4->M4 in Figure 1.
b) Static entries: provisioned on the PE by the management system.
For instance, IP3->M3 in Figure 1.
c) EVPN-learnt entries: learnt from the IP/MAC information encoded in
the received RT2's coming from remote PEs. For instance, IP1->M1
and IP2->M2 in Figure 1.
As a high level example, the operation of the EVPN Proxy-ARP/ND
function in the network of Figure 1 is described below. In this
example we assume IP1, IP2 and IP3 are IPv4 addresses:
1. Proxy-ARP/ND is enabled in MAC-VRF1 of PE1, PE2 and PE3.
2. The PEs start adding dynamic, static and EVPN-learnt entries to
their Proxy tables:
a. PE3 adds IP1->M1 and IP2->M2 based on the EVPN routes received
from PE1 and PE2. Those entries were previously learnt as
dynamic entries in PE1 and PE2 respectively, and advertised in
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BGP EVPN.
b. PE3 adds IP4->M4 as dynamic. This entry is learnt by snooping
the corresponding ARP messages sent by CE4.
c. An operator also provisions the static entry IP3->M3.
3. When CE3 sends an ARP Request asking for IP1, PE3 will:
a. Intercept the ARP Request and perform a Proxy-ARP lookup for
IP1.
b. If the lookup is successful (as in Figure 1), PE3 will send an
ARP Reply with IP1->M1. The ARP Request will not be flooded to
the EVPN network or any other local CEs.
c. If the lookup is not successful, PE3 will flood the ARP Request
in the EVPN network and the other local CEs.
As PE3 learns more and more host entries in the Proxy-ARP/ND table,
the flooding of ARP Request messages is reduced and in some cases it
can even be suppressed. In a network where most of the participant
CEs are not moving between PEs and they advertise their presence with
GARPs or unsolicited NA messages, the ARP/ND flooding as well as the
unknown unicast flooding can practically be suppressed. In an EVPN-
based IXP network, where all the entries are Static, the ARP/ND
flooding is in fact totally suppressed.
The Proxy-ARP/ND function can be structured in five sub-functions or
procedures:
1. Learning sub-function
2. Reply sub-function
3. Maintenance sub-function
4. Flooding reduction/suppression sub-function
5. Duplicate IP detection sub-function
A Proxy-ARP/ND implementation MAY support all those sub-functions or
only a subset of them. The following sections describe each
individual sub-function.
4.1. Learning sub-function
A Proxy-ARP/ND implementation SHOULD support static, dynamic and
EVPN-learnt entries.
Static entries are provisioned from the management plane. The
provisioned static IP->MAC entry SHOULD be advertised in EVPN with a
MAC Mobility extended community where the static flag is set to 1, as
per [RFC7432].
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EVPN-learnt entries MUST be learnt from received valid EVPN MAC/IP
Advertisement routes containing a MAC and IP address.
Dynamic entries are learnt in different ways depending on whether the
entry contains an IPv4 or IPv6 address:
a) Proxy-ARP dynamic entries:
They SHOULD be learnt by snooping any ARP packet (Ethertype
0x0806) received from the CEs attached to the MAC-VRF. The
Learning function will add the Sender MAC and Sender IP of the
snooped ARP packet to the Proxy-ARP table.
b) Proxy-ND dynamic entries:
They SHOULD be learnt out of the Target Address and TLLA
information in NA messages (Ethertype 0x86DD, ICMPv6 type 136)
received from the CEs attached to the MAC-VRF. A Proxy-ND
implementation SHOULD NOT learn IP->MAC entries from NS messages,
since they don't contain the R-bit Flag required by the Proxy-ND
reply function. See section 4.1.1 for more information about the
R-bit flag.
Note that if the O-bit is zero in the received NA message, the
IP->MAC SHOULD NOT be learnt.
The following procedure associated to the Learning sub-function is
recommended:
o When a new Proxy-ARP/ND EVPN or static active entry is learnt (or
provisioned) the PE SHOULD send an unsolicited GARP or NA message
to the access CEs. This makes sure the CE ARP/ND caches are updated
even if the ARP/NS/NA messages from remote CEs are not flooded in
the EVPN network.
Note that if a Static entry is provisioned with the same IP as an
existing EVPN-learnt or Dynamic entry, the Static entry takes
precedence.
4.1.1. Proxy-ND and the NA Flags
[RFC4861] describes the use of the R-bit flag in IPv6 Address
Resolution:
o Nodes capable of routing IPv6 packets must reply to NS messages
with NA messages where the R-bit flag is set (R-bit=1).
o Hosts that are not able to route IPv6 packets must indicate that
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inability by replying with NA messages that contain R-bit=0.
The use of the R-bit flag in NA messages has an impact on how hosts
select their default gateways when sending packets off-link:
o Hosts build a Default Router List based on the received RAs and NAs
with R-bit=1. Each cache entry has an IsRouter flag, which must be
set based on the R-bit flag in the received NAs. A host can choose
one or more Default Routers when sending packets off-link.
o In those cases where the IsRouter flag changes from TRUE to FALSE
as a result of a NA update, the node MUST remove that router from
the Default Router List and update the Destination Cache entries
for all destinations using that neighbor as a router, as specified
in [RFC4861] section 7.3.3. This is needed to detect when a node
that is used as a router stops forwarding packets due to being
configured as a host.
The R-bit will be learnt in the following ways:
o Static entries SHOULD have the R-bit information added by the
management interface.
o Dynamic entries SHOULD learn the R-bit from the snooped NA messages
used to learn the IP->MAC itself.
o EVPN-learnt entries SHOULD learn the R-bit from the ND Extended
Community received from EVPN along with the RT2 used to learn the
IP->MAC itself. Please refer to [EVPN-NA-FLAGS]. If no ND extended
community is received, the PE will add the default R-bit to the
entry. The default R-bit SHOULD be an administrative choice.
4.2. Reply sub-function
This sub-function will reply to Address Resolution
requests/solicitations upon successful lookup in the Proxy-ARP/ND
table for a given IP address. The following considerations should
be taken into account:
a) When replying to ARP Request or NS messages, the PE SHOULD use the
Proxy-ARP/ND entry MAC address as MAC SA. This is recommended so
that the resolved MAC can be learnt in the MAC FIB of potential
Layer-2 switches seating between the PE and the CE requesting the
Address Resolution.
b) A PE SHOULD NOT reply to a request/solicitation received on the
same attachment circuit over which the IP->MAC is learnt. In this
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case the requester and the requested IP are assumed to be
connected to the same layer-2 switch/access network linked to the
PE's attachment circuit, and therefore the requested IP owner will
receive the request directly.
c) A PE SHOULD reply to broadcast/multicast Address Resolution
messages, that is, ARP-Request, NS messages as well as DAD NS
messages. A PE SHOULD NOT reply to unicast Address Resolution
requests (for instance, NUD NS messages).
d) A PE SHOULD include the R-bit learnt for the IP->MAC entry in the
NA messages (see section 4.1.1). The S-bit and O-bit will be
set/unset as per [RFC4861].
4.3. Maintenance sub-function
The Proxy-ARP/ND tables SHOULD follow a number of maintenance
procedures so that the dynamic IP->MAC entries are kept if the owner
is active and flushed if the owner is no longer in the network. The
following procedures are recommended:
a) Age-time
A dynamic Proxy-ARP/ND entry SHOULD be flushed out of the table if
the IP->MAC has not been refreshed within a given age-time. The
entry is refreshed if an ARP or NA message is received for the
same IP->MAC entry. The age-time is an administrative option.
b) Send-refresh option
The PE MAY send periodic refresh messages (ARP/ND "probes") to the
owners of the dynamic Proxy-ARP/ND entries, so that the entries
can be refreshed before they age out. The owner of the IP->MAC
entry would reply to the ARP/ND probe and the corresponding entry
age-time reset. The periodic send-refresh timer is an
administrative option and is recommended to be a third of the age-
time or a half of the age-time in scaled networks.
An ARP refresh issued by the PE will be an ARP-Request message
with the Sender's IP = 0 sent from the PE's MAC SA. An ND refresh
will be a NS message issued from the PE's MAC SA and a Link Local
Address associated to the PE's MAC.
The refresh request messages should be sent only for dynamic
entries and not for static or EVPN-learnt entries. Even though the
refresh request messages are broadcast or multicast, the PE SHOULD
only send the message to the attachment circuit associated to the
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MAC in the IP->MAC entry.
The age-time and send-refresh options are used in EVPN networks to
avoid unnecessary EVPN RT2 withdrawals: if refresh messages are sent
before the corresponding MAC-VRF FIB and Proxy-ARP/ND age-time for a
given entry expires, inactive but existing hosts will reply,
refreshing the entry and therefore avoiding unnecessary MAC and MAC-
IP withdrawals in EVPN. Both entries (MAC in the MAC-VRF and IP->MAC
in Proxy-ARP/ND) are reset when the owner replies to the ARP/ND
probe. If there is no response to the ARP/ND probe, the MAC and
IP->MAC entries will be legitimately flushed and the RT2s withdrawn.
4.4. Flooding (to remote PEs) reduction/suppression
The Proxy-ARP/ND function implicitly helps reducing the flooding of
ARP Request and NS messages to remote PEs in an EVPN network.
However, in certain use-cases, the flooding of ARP/NS/NA messages
(and even the unknown unicast flooding) to remote PEs can be
suppressed completely in an EVPN network.
For instance, in an IXP network, since all the participant CEs are
well known and will not move to a different PE, the IP->MAC entries
may be all provisioned by a management system. Assuming the entries
for the CEs are all provisioned on the local PE, a given Proxy-ARP/ND
table will only contain static and EVPN-learnt entries. In this case,
the operator may choose to suppress the flooding of ARP/NS/NA to
remote PEs completely.
The flooding may also be suppressed completely in IXP networks with
dynamic Proxy-ARP/ND entries assuming that all the CEs are directly
connected to the PEs and they all advertise their presence with a
GARP/unsolicited-NA when they connect to the network.
In networks where fast mobility is expected, it is not recommended to
suppress the flooding of unknown ARP-Requests/NS or
GARPs/unsolicited-NAs.
In order to give the operator the choice to suppress/allow the
flooding to remote PEs, a PE MAY support administrative options to
individually suppress/allow the flooding of:
o Unknown ARP-Request and NS messages (unknown means that the lookups
for the requested IPs do not succeed). o GARP and unsolicited-NA
messages.
The operator will use these options based on the expected behavior in
the CEs.
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4.5. Duplicate IP detection
The Proxy-ARP/ND function SHOULD support duplicate IP detection so
that ARP/ND-spoofing attacks or duplicate IPs due to human errors can
be detected.
ARP/ND spoofing is a technique whereby an attacker sends "fake"
ARP/ND messages onto a broadcast domain. Generally the aim is to
associate the attacker's MAC address with the IP address of another
host causing any traffic meant for that IP address to be sent to the
attacker instead.
The distributed nature of EVPN and proxy-ARP/ND allows the easy
detection of duplicated IPs in the network, in a similar way to the
MAC duplication function supported by [RFC7432] for MAC addresses.
Duplicate IP detection monitors "IP-moves" in the Proxy-ARP/ND table
in the following way:
o When a new active IP1->MAC1 entry is learnt, a PE starts an
M-second timer (default value of M=180), and if it detects N IP
moves before the timer expires (default value of N=5), it concludes
that a duplicate IP situation has occurred. An IP move is
considered when, for instance, IP1->MAC1 is replaced by IP1->MAC2
in the Proxy-ARP/ND table.
o In order to detect the duplicate IP faster, the PE MAY send a
CONFIRM message to the former owner of the IP. If the PE does not
receive an answer within a given timer, the new entry will be
confirmed and activated. For instance, if IP1->MAC1 moves to
IP1->MAC2, the PE may send a unicast ARP-Request/NS message for IP1
with MAC DA= MAC1 and MAC SA= PE's MAC. This will force the
legitimate owner and the spoofer to reply so that the PE can detect
the duplicate IP within the M timer.
o Upon detecting a duplicate IP situation:
a) The entry in duplicate detected state cannot be updated with new
dynamic or EVPN-learnt entries for the same IP. The operator MAY
override the entry though with a static IP->MAC.
b) The PE SHOULD alert the operator and stop responding ARP/NS for
the duplicate IP until a corrective action is taken.
c) Optionally the PE MAY associate an "anti-spoofing-mac" (AS-MAC)
to the duplicate IP. The PE will send a GARP/unsolicited-NA
message with IP1->AS-MAC to the local CEs as well as an RT2
(with IP1->AS-MAC as well) to the remote PEs. This will force
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all the CEs in the EVI to use the AS-MAC as MAC DA for IP1, and
prevent the spoofer from attracting any traffic for IP1. Since
the AS-MAC is a managed MAC address known by all the PEs in the
EVI, all the PEs MAY apply filters to drop/log any frame with
MAC DA= AS-MAC. The advertisement of the AS-MAC as a "black-hole
MAC" that can be used directly in the MAC-VRF to drop frames is
for further study.
o The duplicate IP situation will be cleared when a corrective action
is taken by the operator, or alternatively after a HOLD-DOWN timer
(default value of 540 seconds).
The values of M, N and HOLD-DOWN timer SHOULD be a configurable
administrative option to allow for the required flexibility in
different scenarios.
For Proxy-ND, Duplicate IP Detection SHOULD only monitor IP moves for
IP->MACs learnt from NA messages with O-bit=1. NA messages with
O-bit=0 would not override the ND cache entries for an existing IP.
5. Solution benefits
The solution described in this document provides the following
benefits:
a) The solution may suppress completely the flooding of the ARP/ND
and unknown-unicast messages in the EVPN network, in cases where
all the CE IP->MAC addresses local to the PEs are known and
provisioned on the PEs from a management system.
b) The solution reduces significantly the flooding of the ARP/ND
messages in the EVPN network, in cases where some or all the CE
IP->MAC addresses are learnt on the data plane by snooping ARP/ND
messages issued by the CEs.
c) The solution reduces the control plane overhead and unnecessary
BGP MAC/IP Advertisements and Withdrawals in a network with active
CEs that do not send packets frequently.
d) The solution provides a mechanism to detect duplicate IP addresses
and avoid ARP/ND-spoof attacks or the effects of duplicate
addresses due to human errors.
6. Conventions used in this document
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The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in RFC-2119 [RFC2119].
In this document, these words will appear with that interpretation
only when in ALL CAPS. Lower case uses of these words are not to be
interpreted as carrying RFC-2119 significance.
In this document, the characters ">>" preceding an indented line(s)
indicates a compliance requirement statement using the key words
listed above. This convention aids reviewers in quickly identifying
or finding the explicit compliance requirements of this RFC.
7. Security Considerations
They will be added in future revisions.
8. IANA Considerations
9. References
9.1. Normative References
[RFC7432]Sajassi A., Aggarwal R. et al, "BGP MPLS-Based Ethernet
VPN", RFC 7432, February 2015, <http://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc7432>.
[RFC4861]Narten, T., Nordmark, E., Simpson, W., and H. Soliman,
"Neighbor Discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 4861, September
2007, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4861>.
[RFC6820]Narten, T., Karir, M., and I. Foo, "Address Resolution
Problems in Large Data Center Networks", RFC 6820, January 2013,
<http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6820>.
[RFC7342]Dunbar, L., Kumari, W., and I. Gashinsky, "Practices for
Scaling ARP and Neighbor Discovery (ND) in Large Data Centers",
RFC 7342, August 2014, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7342>.
9.2. Informative References
[ARP-Sponge] Wessel M. and Sijm N., Universiteit van Amsterdam,
"Effects of IPv4 and IPv6 address resolution on AMS-IX and the ARP
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Sponge", July 2009.
[EVPN-ND-FLAGS] Sathappan S., Nagaraj K. and Rabadan J., "Propagation
of IPv6 Neighbor Advertisement Flags in EVPN", draft-snr-bess-evpn-
na-flags-00, Work in Progress, March 2015.
10. Acknowledgments
The authors want to thank Ranganathan Boovaraghavan, Sriram
Venkateswaran, Manish Krishnan and Seshagiri Venugopal for their
review and contributions. Thank you to Oliver Knapp as well, for his
detailed review.
Authors' Addresses
Jorge Rabadan (Editor)
Alcatel-Lucent
777 E. Middlefield Road
Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
Email: jorge.rabadan@alcatel-lucent.com
Senthil Sathappan
Alcatel-Lucent
Email: senthil.sathappan@alcatel-lucent.com
Kiran Nagaraj
Alcatel-Lucent
Email: kiran.nagaraj@alcatel-lucent.com
Wim Henderickx
Alcatel-Lucent
Email: wim.henderickx@alcatel-lucent.com
Thomas King
DE-CIX
Email: thomas.king@de-cix.net
Daniel Melzer
DE-CIX
Email: daniel.melzer@de-cix.net
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