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Bidirectional Access Control in the Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments (ACE) Framework
draft-tiloca-ace-bidi-access-control-02

Document Type Active Internet-Draft (individual)
Authors Marco Tiloca , Göran Selander
Last updated 2026-03-02
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draft-tiloca-ace-bidi-access-control-02
ACE Working Group                                              M. Tiloca
Internet-Draft                                                   RISE AB
Updates: 9200 (if approved)                                  G. Selander
Intended status: Standards Track                             Ericsson AB
Expires: 3 September 2026                                   2 March 2026

Bidirectional Access Control in the Authentication and Authorization for
                Constrained Environments (ACE) Framework
                draft-tiloca-ace-bidi-access-control-02

Abstract

   This document updates the Authentication and Authorization for
   Constrained Environments (ACE) framework, for which it defines a
   method to enforce bidirectional access control by means of a single
   access token.  Therefore, this document updates RFC 9200.

Discussion Venues

   This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

   Discussion of this document takes place on the Authentication and
   Authorization for Constrained Environments Working Group mailing list
   (ace@ietf.org), which is archived at
   https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/browse/ace/.

   Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at
   https://gitlab.com/crimson84/draft-tiloca-ace-bidi-access-control.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts.  The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   This Internet-Draft will expire on 3 September 2026.

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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2026 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
   license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.  Code Components
   extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
   described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
   provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   3
     1.1.  Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   4
   2.  New ACE Parameters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     2.1.  rev_audience  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
     2.2.  rev_scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   3.  Bidirectional Access Control  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.  Scenario with One Authorization Server  . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     4.1.  Access Token Request  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
     4.2.  Access Token Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
     4.3.  Access to Protected Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   5.  Scenario with Two Authorization Servers . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   6.  Practical Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   7.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     8.1.  OAuth Parameters Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
     8.2.  OAuth Parameters CBOR Mappings Registry . . . . . . . . .  14
     8.3.  JSON Web Token Claims Registry  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
     8.4.  CBOR Web Token (CWT) Claims Registry  . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.  References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     9.1.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
     9.2.  Informative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   Appendix A.  CDDL Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19

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1.  Introduction

   The Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments
   (ACE) framework [RFC9200] defines an architecture to enforce access
   control for constrained devices.  A client (C) requests an assertion
   of granted permissions from an authorization server (AS) in the form
   of an access token, then uploads the access token to the target
   resource server (RS), and finally accesses protected resources at the
   RS according to the permissions specified in the access token.

   The ACE framework has as main building blocks the OAuth 2.0 framework
   [RFC6749], the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) [RFC7252] for
   message transfer, Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)
   [RFC8949] for compact encoding, and CBOR Object Signing and
   Encryption (COSE) [RFC9052][RFC9053] for self-contained protection of
   access tokens.

   Separate profile documents define in detail how the participants in
   the ACE architecture communicate, especially as to the security
   protocols that they use.  Profiles of ACE include, for instance,
   those described in [RFC9202], [RFC9203], [RFC9431],
   [I-D.ietf-ace-edhoc-oscore-profile], and
   [I-D.ietf-ace-group-oscore-profile]

   In some deployments using the ACE framework, two devices DEV1 and
   DEV2 might wish to access each other's protected resources.  That is,
   DEV1 wishes to access protected resources hosted at DEV2 and DEV2
   wishes to access protected resources hosted at DEV1.

   In such a case, bidirectional access control can clearly be achieved
   by means of two separate access tokens, each of which is used to
   enforce access control in one direction.  That is:

   *  A first access token is requested by and issued to DEV1, for
      accessing protected resources at DEV2.  With respect to this
      access token, DEV1 is an ACE client, while DEV2 is an ACE RS.

   *  A second access token is requested by and issued to DEV2, for
      accessing protected resources at DEV1.  With respect to this
      access token, DEV2 is an ACE client, while DEV1 is an ACE RS.

   The two access tokens have to be separately requested and handled by
   DEV1 and DEV2, separately uploaded at DEV1 and DEV2, and separately
   managed by the AS (e.g., for providing token introspection, retiring
   access tokens when they become invalid, or notifying about early
   token revocation [RFC9770]).

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   While this model results in a clean split between the two directions
   of access control, it also yields substantial interactions and
   communication overhead for both DEV1 and DEV2.

   Therefore, it can be desirable to achieve the same bidirectional
   access control without such downsides, by means of a single access
   token that is requested by and issued to a single device.

   In order to enable that, this document updates [RFC9200] as follows:

   *  It defines additional parameters and encodings for the OAuth 2.0
      token endpoint at the AS (see Section 2).  These parameters
      include:

      -  "rev_audience", used by C to provide the AS with an identifier
         of itself as a reverse audience, and by the AS to optionally
         confirm that identifier in a response to C.

         A corresponding access token claim, namely "rev_aud", is also
         defined in this document.

      -  "rev_scope", used by C to ask the AS that the requested access
         token specifies additional access rights as a reverse scope,
         allowing the access token's audience to accordingly access
         protected resources at C.  This parameter is also used by the
         AS to provide C with the access rights that are actually
         granted as reverse scope to the access token's audience.

         A corresponding access token claim, namely "rev_scope", is also
         defined in this document.

   *  It defines a method for the ACE framework to enforce bidirectional
      access control by means of a single access token (see Section 3),
      building on the two new parameters "rev_audience" and "rev_scope"
      as well as on the corresponding new access token claims "rev_aud"
      and "rev_scope".

1.1.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
   "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
   BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
   capitals, as shown here.

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   Readers are expected to be familiar with the terms and concepts
   related to the ACE framework for Authentication and Authorization
   [RFC9200][RFC9201], as well as with the terms and concepts related to
   CBOR Web Tokens (CWTs) [RFC8392].

   The terminology for entities in the considered architecture is
   defined in OAuth 2.0 [RFC6749].  In particular, this includes client
   (C), resource server (RS), and authorization server (AS).

   Readers are also expected to be familiar with the terms and concepts
   related to CoAP [RFC7252], Concise Data Definition Language (CDDL)
   [RFC8610], CBOR [RFC8949], and COSE [RFC9052][RFC9053].

   Note that the term "endpoint" is used here following its OAuth
   definition [RFC6749], aimed at denoting resources such as /token and
   /introspect at the AS, and /authz-info at the RS.  The CoAP
   definition, which is "[a]n entity participating in the CoAP protocol"
   [RFC7252], is not used in this document.

   Furthermore, this document uses the following term originally defined
   in [I-D.ietf-ace-workflow-and-params].

   *  Token series: a set of access tokens, all of which are bound to
      the same proof-of-possession (PoP) key and are sequentially issued
      by the same AS for the same pair (client, audience) per the same
      profile of ACE.  A token series ends when the latest access token
      of that token series becomes invalid (e.g., when it expires or
      gets revoked).

      Profiles of ACE can provide their extended and specialized
      definition, e.g., by further taking into account the public
      authentication credentials of C and the RS.

   CBOR [RFC8949] and CDDL [RFC8610] are used in this document.  CDDL
   predefined type names, especially bstr for CBOR byte strings and tstr
   for CBOR text strings, are used extensively in this document.

   Examples throughout this document are expressed in CBOR diagnostic
   notation as defined in Section 8 of [RFC8949] and Appendix G of
   [RFC8610].  Diagnostic notation comments are often used to provide a
   textual representation of the parameters' keys and values.

   In the CBOR diagnostic notation used in this document, constructs of
   the form e'SOME_NAME' are replaced by the value assigned to SOME_NAME
   in the CDDL model shown in Figure 2 of Appendix A.  For example,
   {e'rev_audience' : "rs1", e'rev_scope_param' : h'00ff'} stands for
   {56 : "rs1", 57 : h'00ff'}.

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   Note to RFC Editor: Please delete the paragraph immediately preceding
   this note.  Also, in the CBOR diagnostic notation used in this
   document, please replace the constructs of the form e'SOME_NAME' with
   the value assigned to SOME_NAME in the CDDL model shown in Figure 2
   of Appendix A.  Finally, please delete this note.

2.  New ACE Parameters

   The rest of this section defines a number of additional parameters
   and encodings for the OAuth 2.0 token endpoint at the AS.

2.1.  rev_audience

   The "rev_audience" parameter can be used in an access token request
   sent by C to the token endpoint at the AS (see Section 5.8.1 of
   [RFC9200]) as well as in an access token response sent as reply by
   the AS (see Section 5.8.2 of [RFC9200]).  In particular, the
   following applies:

   *  The "rev_audience" parameter is OPTIONAL in an access token
      request.  The presence of this parameter indicates that C wishes
      the requested access token to specify additional access rights.
      These access rights are intended for the access token's audience
      to access protected resources at C.  That is, C is the access
      token's reverse audience.

      This parameter specifies such reverse audience as a text string
      identifier of C.  When the access token request is encoded in
      CBOR, the value of this parameter is encoded as a CBOR text
      string.  When the access token request is encoded in JSON, the
      value of this parameter is encoded as a JSON string.

   *  The "rev_audience" parameter is OPTIONAL in an access token
      response.  If present, it has the same meaning and encoding that
      it has in the access token request.

   Fundamentally, this parameter has the same semantics of the
   "audience" parameter used in the ACE framework, with the difference
   that it conveys an identifier of C as a host of protected resources
   to access, according to the access rights granted as reverse scope to
   the access token's audience.

   The use of this parameter is further detailed in Section 3.

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2.2.  rev_scope

   The "rev_scope" parameter can be used in an access token request sent
   by C to the token endpoint at the AS (see Section 5.8.1 of [RFC9200])
   as well as in an access token response sent as reply by the AS (see
   Section 5.8.2 of [RFC9200]).  In particular, the following applies:

   *  The "rev_scope" parameter is OPTIONAL in an access token request.
      The presence of this parameter indicates that C wishes the
      requested access token to specify additional access rights.  These
      access rights are intended for the access token's audience to
      access protected resources at C.  That is, C is the access token's
      reverse audience.

      This parameter specifies such access rights as a reverse scope.
      When the access token request is encoded in CBOR, the value of
      this parameter is encoded as a CBOR text string or a CBOR byte
      string.  When the access token request is encoded in JSON, the
      value of this parameter is encoded as a JSON string.

   *  The "rev_scope" parameter is OPTIONAL in an access token response.
      If present, this parameter specifies the access rights that the AS
      has actually granted as a reverse scope to the access token's
      audience, for accessing protected resources at C (i.e., at the
      access token's reverse audience).

   Fundamentally, this parameter has the same semantics of the "scope"
   parameter used in the ACE framework, with the difference that it
   conveys the access rights requested/granted as reverse scope for/to
   the access token's audience to access protected resources at the
   access token's reverse audience.

   The use of this parameter is further detailed in Section 3.

3.  Bidirectional Access Control

   The rest of this document considers two devices DEV1 and DEV2 that
   wish to access each other's protected resources, and it defines a
   method that DEV1 and DEV2 can use to enforce bidirectional access
   control by means of a single access token.

   It is assumed that the access token is requested by and issued to
   DEV1 acting as ACE client.  The access token is intended to specify
   access rights concerning both the access of DEV1 to protected
   resources hosted at DEV2 and the access of DEV2 to protected
   resources hosted at DEV1.  In particular:

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   *  The access token expresses access rights according to which the
      requesting ACE client DEV1 can access protected resources hosted
      at the ACE RS DEV2.

      For this first direction of access control, the target DEV2 is
      specified by means of the "audience" parameter and the
      corresponding access token claim "aud", while the access rights
      are specified by means of the "scope" parameter and the
      corresponding access token claim "scope".

      This is the original, primary direction of access control, over
      which the ACE client DEV1 that requests the access token wishes to
      obtain access rights for accessing protected resources at the ACE
      RS DEV2.

      This requires the ACE client DEV1 to act as CoAP client, and the
      ACE RS DEV2 to act as CoAP server.

   *  The same access token can additionally express access rights
      according to which the ACE RS DEV2 can access protected resources
      hosted at the ACE client DEV1.

      For this second direction of access control, the target DEV1 is
      specified by means of the "rev_audience" parameter defined in
      Section 2.1 and the corresponding access token claim "rev_aud"
      (see Section 4.2).  Also, the access rights are specified by means
      of the "rev_scope" parameter defined in Section 2.2 and the
      corresponding access token claim "rev_scope" (see Section 4.2).

      This is the new, secondary direction of access control, over which
      the ACE client DEV1 that requests the access token also wishes
      that access rights are granted for the ACE RS DEV2 to access
      resources at DEV1.

      This requires the ACE client DEV1 to also act as CoAP server, and
      the ACE RS DEV2 to also act as CoAP client.

   Like for the original case with a single access control direction,
   the access token is uploaded to the ACE RS DEV2, which processes the
   access token as per Section 5.10 of [RFC9200] and according to the
   profile of ACE used by DEV1 and DEV2.

   The protocol workflow is detailed in the following Section 4 and
   Section 5, in case only one authorization server or two authorization
   servers are involved, respectively.

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4.  Scenario with One Authorization Server

   This section considers the scenario shown in Figure 1, with a single
   authorization server AS.  Both devices DEV1 and DEV2 are registered
   at AS, with permissions to access protected resources at the other
   device.  In the following, DEV1 acts as ACE client by requesting an
   access token from AS.

   - DEV1 is registered as:                       +----+
     - Device authorized to access DEV2; and      |    |
     - Device that can be accessed by DEV2        |    |
                                                  |    |
   - DEV2 is registered as:                       | AS |
     - Device that can be accessed by DEV1; and   |    |
     - Device authorized to access DEV1           |    |
                                                  |    |
                                                  +----+

                                                     ^
                                                     |
                                                     |
                                                     |
                                                     v

    DEV2                                           DEV1
   +----+                                          +---+
   | RS | <--------------------------------------> | C |
   +----+                                          +---+

   Figure 1: Bidirectional Access Control with One Authorization Server.

4.1.  Access Token Request

   As to the access token request that DEV1 sends to AS, the following
   applies.

   *  The "audience" and "scope" parameters are used as defined in
      [RFC9200], according to the profile of ACE used by DEV1 and DEV2.

      In particular, "audience" specifies an identifier of DEV2, while
      "scope" specifies access rights that DEV1 wishes to obtain for
      accessing protected resources at DEV2.

      That is, the two parameters pertain to the primary direction of
      access control.

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   *  The "req_cnf" parameter defined in [RFC9201] can be included.
      When present, it specifies the key that DEV1 wishes to bind to the
      requested access token.

   *  The "rev_audience" and "rev_scope" parameters defined in
      Section 2.1 and Section 2.2 can be included.

      In particular, "rev_audience" specifies an identifier of DEV1,
      while "rev_scope" specifies access rights that DEV1 wishes DEV2 to
      obtain for accessing protecting resources at DEV1.

      That is, the two parameters pertain to the secondary direction of
      access control.

   If DEV1 wishes that the requested access token also provides DEV2
   with access rights pertaining to the secondary direction of access
   control, then the access token request has to include at least one of
   the two parameters "rev_audience" and "rev_scope".

4.2.  Access Token Response

   When receiving an access token request that includes at least one of
   the two parameters "rev_audience" and "rev_scope", AS processes it as
   defined in Section 5.8.2 of [RFC9200], with the following additions:

   *  If the access token request includes the "rev_scope" parameter but
      not the "rev_audience" parameter, then AS assumes that the
      identifier of DEV1 (i.e., the access token's reverse audience) is
      the default one, if any is defined.

   *  If the access token request includes the "rev_audience" parameter
      but not the "rev_scope" parameter, then AS assumes that the access
      rights requested as reverse scope for DEV2 (i.e., the access
      token's audience) to access DEV1 are the default ones, if any are
      defined.

   *  AS checks whether the access rights requested as reverse scope for
      DEV2 can be at least partially granted, in accordance with the
      installed access policies pertaining to the access from DEV2 to
      protected resources at DEV1.

      That is, AS performs the same evaluation that it would perform if
      DEV2 sent an access token request acting as an ACE client, with
      the intent to access protected resources at DEV1 that acts as an
      ACE RS.

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      It is REQUIRED that such evaluation succeeds, in order for AS to
      issue an access token and reply to DEV1 with an access token
      response.

   As to the access token response that AS sends to DEV1, the following
   applies:

   *  The "audience" and "scope" parameters are used as defined in
      [RFC9200] and according to the profile of ACE used by DEV1 and
      DEV2.

      In particular, "audience" specifies an identifier of DEV2, while
      "scope" specifies the access rights that AS has granted to DEV1
      for accessing protected resources at DEV2.

      The "scope" parameter has to be present in the access token
      response if: i) it was present in the access token request and the
      access rights granted to DEV1 are different from the requested
      ones; or ii) it was not present in the access token request and
      the access rights granted to DEV1 are different from the default
      ones.

      If the "scope" parameter is not present in the access token
      response, then the granted access rights are those requested by
      the "scope" parameter in the access token request if present
      therein, or the default access rights otherwise.

   *  The "rs_cnf" parameter defined in [RFC9201] can be included.  When
      present, it specifies information about the public key that DEV2
      uses to authenticate.

   *  The "rev_audience" parameter defined in Section 2.1 can be
      included.  When present, it specifies an identifier of DEV1 (i.e.,
      the access token's reverse audience).

      If the "rev_audience" parameter is present in the access token
      response and it was also present in the access token request, then
      the parameter in the access token response MUST have the same
      value specified by the parameter in the access token request.

   *  The "rev_scope" parameter defined in Section 2.2 can be included
      and specifies the access rights that AS has granted to DEV2 (i.e.,
      the access token's audience) for accessing protected resources at
      DEV1 (i.e., the access token's reverse audience).

      The "rev_scope" parameter MUST be present in the access token
      response if: i) it was present in the access token request and the
      access rights granted to DEV2 are different from the requested

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      ones; or ii) it was not present in the access token request and
      the access rights granted to DEV2 are different from the default
      ones.

      If the "rev_scope" parameter is not present in the access token
      response, then the access rights granted to DEV2 are those
      requested by the "rev_scope" parameter in the access token request
      if present therein, or the default access rights otherwise.

   The issued access token MUST include information about the reverse
   audience and reverse scope pertaining to the secondary access control
   direction.  In particular:

   *  The access token MUST contain a claim specifying the identifier of
      DEV1 (i.e., the access token's reverse audience).

      If the access token response includes the "rev_audience"
      parameter, then the claim specifies the same information conveyed
      by that parameter.

      If this is not the case, then the claim specifies the same
      information conveyed by the "rev_audience" parameter of the access
      token request if present therein, or the default identifier of
      DEV1 otherwise.

      When CWTs are used as access tokens, this information MUST be
      transported in the "rev_aud" claim registered in Section 8.4.

   *  The access token MUST contain a claim specifying the access rights
      that AS has granted to DEV2 (i.e., the access token's audience)
      for accessing protected resources at DEV1.

      If the access token response includes the "rev_scope" parameter,
      then the claim specifies the same information conveyed by that
      parameter.

      If this is not the case, then the claim specifies the same
      information conveyed by the "rev_scope" parameter of the access
      token request if present therein, or the default access rights for
      DEV2 to access DEV1 otherwise.

      When CWTs are used as access tokens, this information MUST be
      transported in the "rev_scope" claim registered in Section 8.4.

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4.3.  Access to Protected Resources

   As to the secure communication association between DEV1 and DEV2, its
   establishment and maintenance do not deviate from what is defined in
   the profile of ACE used by DEV1 and DEV2.

   Furthermore, communications between DEV1 and DEV2 MUST rely on such
   secure communication association for both directions of access
   control, i.e., when DEV1 accesses protected resources at DEV2 and
   vice versa.

   After having received an access token response from AS, DEV1 MUST
   maintain and enforce the information about the access rights granted
   to DEV2 and pertaining to the secondary access control direction.

   In particular, DEV1 MUST prevent DEV2 from accessing protected
   resources at DEV1, in case access requests from DEV2 are not
   authorized as per the reverse scope specified by the issued access
   token, or after having purged the issued access token (e.g.,
   following its expiration of revocation).

   As to maintaining and enforcing the information about the access
   rights granted to DEV1 and pertaining to the primary access control
   direction, there is no deviation from what is defined in the ACE
   framework and the profile of ACE used by DEV1 and DEV2.

5.  Scenario with Two Authorization Servers

   TBD

6.  Practical Considerations

   When enforcing bidirectional access control by means of a single
   access token, the following considerations hold.

   *  The access token can be uploaded to the ACE RS DEV2 by the ACE
      client DEV1 per the original ACE workflow, or instead by the AS
      that has issued the access token per the Short Distribution Chain
      (SDC) workflow defined in [I-D.ietf-ace-workflow-and-params].

   *  Since the access token is requested by the ACE client DEV1, only
      DEV1 can request for a new access token in the same token series,
      in order to dynamically update the access rights concerning its
      own access to protected resources hosted by DEV2 (on the primary
      access control direction) and/or the access rights concerning the
      access of DEV2 to protected resources hosted by DEV1 (on the
      secondary access control direction).

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7.  Security Considerations

   The same security considerations from the ACE framework for
   Authentication and Authorization [RFC9200] apply to this document,
   together with those from the specific profile of ACE used.

   Editor's note: add more security considerations.

8.  IANA Considerations

   This document has the following actions for IANA.

   Note to RFC Editor: Please replace all occurrences of "[RFC-XXXX]"
   with the RFC number of this specification and delete this paragraph.

8.1.  OAuth Parameters Registry

   IANA is asked to add the following entries to the "OAuth Parameters"
   registry within the "OAuth Parameters" registry group.

   *  Name: rev_audience

   *  Parameter Usage Location: token request and token response

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

   *  Name: rev_scope

   *  Parameter Usage Location: token request and token response

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

8.2.  OAuth Parameters CBOR Mappings Registry

   IANA is asked to add the following entries to the "OAuth Parameters
   CBOR Mappings" registry within the "Authentication and Authorization
   for Constrained Environments (ACE)" registry group, following the
   procedure specified in [RFC9200].

   *  Name: rev_audience

   *  CBOR Key: TBD

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   *  Value Type: text string

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

   *  Original Specification: [RFC-XXXX]

   *  Name: rev_scope

   *  CBOR Key: TBD

   *  Value Type: text string or byte string

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

   *  Original Specification: [RFC-XXXX]

8.3.  JSON Web Token Claims Registry

   IANA is asked to add the following entries to the "JSON Web Token
   Claims" registry within the "JSON Web Token (JWT)" registry group,
   following the procedure specified in [RFC7519].

   *  Claim Name: rev_aud

   *  Claim Description: The reverse audience of an access token

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

   *  Claim Name: rev_scope

   *  Claim Description: The reverse scope of an access token

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX]

8.4.  CBOR Web Token (CWT) Claims Registry

   IANA is asked to add the following entries to the "CBOR Web Token
   (CWT) Claims" registry within the "CBOR Web Token (CWT) Claims"
   registry group, following the procedure specified in [RFC8392].

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   *  Claim Name: rev_aud

   *  Claim Description: The reverse audience of an access token

   *  JWT Claim Name: rev_aud

   *  Claim Key: TBD

   *  Claim Value Type: text string

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX, Section 4.2]

   *  Claim Name: rev_scope

   *  Claim Description: The reverse scope of an access token

   *  JWT Claim Name: rev_scope

   *  Claim Key: TBD

   *  Claim Value Type: text string or byte string

   *  Change Controller: IETF

   *  Reference: [RFC-XXXX, Section 4.2]

9.  References

9.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>.

   [RFC6749]  Hardt, D., Ed., "The OAuth 2.0 Authorization Framework",
              RFC 6749, DOI 10.17487/RFC6749, October 2012,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6749>.

   [RFC7252]  Shelby, Z., Hartke, K., and C. Bormann, "The Constrained
              Application Protocol (CoAP)", RFC 7252,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC7252, June 2014,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7252>.

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   [RFC7519]  Jones, M., Bradley, J., and N. Sakimura, "JSON Web Token
              (JWT)", RFC 7519, DOI 10.17487/RFC7519, May 2015,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7519>.

   [RFC8174]  Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
              2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
              May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>.

   [RFC8392]  Jones, M., Wahlstroem, E., Erdtman, S., and H. Tschofenig,
              "CBOR Web Token (CWT)", RFC 8392, DOI 10.17487/RFC8392,
              May 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8392>.

   [RFC8610]  Birkholz, H., Vigano, C., and C. Bormann, "Concise Data
              Definition Language (CDDL): A Notational Convention to
              Express Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR) and
              JSON Data Structures", RFC 8610, DOI 10.17487/RFC8610,
              June 2019, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8610>.

   [RFC8949]  Bormann, C. and P. Hoffman, "Concise Binary Object
              Representation (CBOR)", STD 94, RFC 8949,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8949, December 2020,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8949>.

   [RFC9052]  Schaad, J., "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE):
              Structures and Process", STD 96, RFC 9052,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9052, August 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9052>.

   [RFC9053]  Schaad, J., "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE):
              Initial Algorithms", RFC 9053, DOI 10.17487/RFC9053,
              August 2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9053>.

   [RFC9200]  Seitz, L., Selander, G., Wahlstroem, E., Erdtman, S., and
              H. Tschofenig, "Authentication and Authorization for
              Constrained Environments Using the OAuth 2.0 Framework
              (ACE-OAuth)", RFC 9200, DOI 10.17487/RFC9200, August 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9200>.

   [RFC9201]  Seitz, L., "Additional OAuth Parameters for Authentication
              and Authorization for Constrained Environments (ACE)",
              RFC 9201, DOI 10.17487/RFC9201, August 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9201>.

9.2.  Informative References

   [I-D.ietf-ace-edhoc-oscore-profile]
              Selander, G., Mattsson, J. P., Tiloca, M., and R. Höglund,
              "Ephemeral Diffie-Hellman Over COSE (EDHOC) and Object

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              Security for Constrained Environments (OSCORE) Profile for
              Authentication and Authorization for Constrained
              Environments (ACE)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
              draft-ietf-ace-edhoc-oscore-profile-10, 1 March 2026,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ace-
              edhoc-oscore-profile-10>.

   [I-D.ietf-ace-group-oscore-profile]
              Tiloca, M., Höglund, R., and F. Palombini, "The Group
              Object Security for Constrained RESTful Environments
              (Group OSCORE) Profile of the Authentication and
              Authorization for Constrained Environments (ACE)
              Framework", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-
              ace-group-oscore-profile-05, 3 September 2025,
              <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-ace-
              group-oscore-profile-05>.

   [I-D.ietf-ace-workflow-and-params]
              Tiloca, M. and G. Selander, "Short Distribution Chain
              (SDC) Workflow and New OAuth Parameters for the
              Authentication and Authorization for Constrained
              Environments (ACE) Framework", Work in Progress, Internet-
              Draft, draft-ietf-ace-workflow-and-params-06, 20 October
              2025, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-
              ace-workflow-and-params-06>.

   [RFC9202]  Gerdes, S., Bergmann, O., Bormann, C., Selander, G., and
              L. Seitz, "Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS)
              Profile for Authentication and Authorization for
              Constrained Environments (ACE)", RFC 9202,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9202, August 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9202>.

   [RFC9203]  Palombini, F., Seitz, L., Selander, G., and M. Gunnarsson,
              "The Object Security for Constrained RESTful Environments
              (OSCORE) Profile of the Authentication and Authorization
              for Constrained Environments (ACE) Framework", RFC 9203,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9203, August 2022,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9203>.

   [RFC9431]  Sengul, C. and A. Kirby, "Message Queuing Telemetry
              Transport (MQTT) and Transport Layer Security (TLS)
              Profile of Authentication and Authorization for
              Constrained Environments (ACE) Framework", RFC 9431,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9431, July 2023,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9431>.

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   [RFC9770]  Tiloca, M., Palombini, F., Echeverria, S., and G. Lewis,
              "Notification of Revoked Access Tokens in the
              Authentication and Authorization for Constrained
              Environments (ACE) Framework", RFC 9770,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC9770, June 2025,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9770>.

Appendix A.  CDDL Model

   This section is to be removed before publishing as an RFC.

   ; OAuth Parameters CBOR Mappings
   rev_audience = 56
   rev_scope_param = 57

   ; CBOR Web Token (CWT) Claims
   rev_aud = 43
   rev_scope_claim = 44

                            Figure 2: CDDL Model

Acknowledgments

   The authors sincerely thank Rikard Höglund and Dave Robin for their
   comments and feedback.

   This work was supported by the Sweden's Innovation Agency VINNOVA
   within the EUREKA CELTIC-NEXT project CYPRESS.

Authors' Addresses

   Marco Tiloca
   RISE AB
   Isafjordsgatan 22
   SE-164 40 Kista
   Sweden
   Email: marco.tiloca@ri.se

   Göran Selander
   Ericsson AB
   Torshamnsgatan 23
   SE-164 40 Kista
   Sweden
   Email: goran.selander@ericsson.com

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