X25519Kyber768Draft00 hybrid post-quantum KEM for HPKE
draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00-00
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Authors | Bas Westerbaan , Christopher A. Wood | ||
Last updated | 2023-04-07 | ||
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draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00-00
Crypto Forum B. E. Westerbaan Internet-Draft C. A. Wood Intended status: Informational Cloudflare Expires: 9 October 2023 7 April 2023 X25519Kyber768Draft00 hybrid post-quantum KEM for HPKE draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00-00 Abstract This memo defines X25519Kyber768Draft00, a hybrid post-quantum KEM, for HPKE (RFC9180). This KEM does not support the authenticated modes of HPKE. About This Document This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC. The latest revision of this draft can be found at https://bwesterb.github.io/draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00/ draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00.html. Status information for this document may be found at https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft- westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00/. Discussion of this document takes place on the Crypto Forum Research Group mailing list (mailto:cfrg@ietf.org), which is archived at https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/search/?email_list=cfrg. Subscribe at https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/cfrg/. Source for this draft and an issue tracker can be found at https://github.com/bwesterb/draft-westerbaan-cfrg-hpke-xyber768d00. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 1] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 This Internet-Draft will expire on 9 October 2023. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1. Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. Conventions and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1. SerializePublicKey and DeserializePublicKey . . . . . . . 3 3.2. SerializePrivateKey and DeserializePrivateKey . . . . . . 4 3.3. DeriveKeyPair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.4. Encap and Decap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Appendix A. Change log . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Appendix B. Test Vectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 B.1. DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256)+Kyber768Draft00, HKDF-SHA256, AES-128-GCM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 B.1.1. Base Setup Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1. Introduction 1.1. Motivation The final draft for Kyber is expected in 2024. There is a desire to deploy post-quantum cryptography earlier than that. To promote interoperability of early implementations, this document specifies a preliminary hybrid post-quantum key agreement. Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 2] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 2. Conventions and Definitions The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. 3. Construction In short, X25519Kyber768Draft00 is the parallel combination of DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256) [RFC9180] [RFC7748] and Kyber768Draft00 [KYBER]: wire encodings of public key, private key, cipher texts and shared secrets are simple concatenations. A KEM private key is a tuple of an DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256) private key and Kyber768Draft00 private key, where each is an octet string of length 32 and 2400 bytes, respectively. Similarly, a KEM public key is a tuple of an DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256) public key and Kyber768Draft00 public key. Kyber768Draft00 is Kyber768 as submitted to the third round of the NIST PQC process [KyberV302], where it is also known as v3.02. Note that this hybrid KEM is different from the one defined in [TLS-XYBER] based on [HYBRID] for TLS, as raw X25519 shared secrets can be used, thanks to the message transcript. We use HKDF-SHA256 as the HPKE HKDF. We denote the DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256) KEM as DHKEM throughout the document. 3.1. SerializePublicKey and DeserializePublicKey SerializePublicKey and DeserializePublicKey encode and decode X25519Kyber768Draft00 public keys to and from their wire format representation. Their implementation is described below. Note that DHKEM public keys MUST be validated before they can be used as stipulated in Section 7.1.1 of [RFC9180]. Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 3] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 def SerializePublicKey(pkX): (pkA, pkB) = pkX return concat( DHKEM.SerializePublicKey(pkA), pkB ) def DeserializePublicKey(pkXm): return ( DHKEM.DeserializePublicKey(pkXm[0:32]), pkXm[32:1216] ) DHKEM.SerializePublicKey() and DHKEM.DeserializePublicKey() are SerializePublicKey() and respectively DeserializePublicKey() as defined for DHKEM in Section 7.1.1 of [RFC9180]. 3.2. SerializePrivateKey and DeserializePrivateKey SerializePrivateKey and DeserializePrivateKey encode and decode X25519Kyber768Draft00 private keys to and from their wire format representation. Their implementation is described below. def SerializePrivateKey(skX): (skA, skB) = skX return concat( DHKEM.SerializePrivateKey(skA), skB ) def DeserializePrivateKey(skXm): return ( DHKEM.DeserializePrivateKey(skXm[0:32]), skXm[32:2432] ) DHKEM.SerializePrivateKey() and DHKEM.DeserializePrivateKey() are SerializePrivateKey() and respectively DeserializePrivateKey() as defined for DHKEM in Section 7.1.2 of [RFC9180]. 3.3. DeriveKeyPair DeriveKeyPair deterministically derives a X25519Kyber768Draft00 private and public key pair from a fixed-length seed. In particular, a single seed is stretched and passed to the relevant key derivation functions for DHKEM and Kyber768Draft00. Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 4] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 def DeriveKeyPair(ikm): dkp_prk = LabeledExtract("", "dkp_prk", ikm) seed = LabeledExpand(dkp_prk, "sk", 32 + 64) seed1 = seed[0:32] seed2 = seed[32:96] sk1, pk1 = DHKEM.DeriveKeyPair(seed1) sk2, pk2 = Kyber768Draft00.DeriveKeyPair(seed2) return (concat(sk1, sk2), concat(pk1, pk2)) DHKEM.DeriveKeyPair() is DeriveKeyPair() defined for DHKEM in Section 7.1.3 of [RFC9180]. Kyber768Draft00.DeriveKeyPair() is the key generation as defined in Section 11.1 of [KYBER]. ikm SHOULD be at least 32 octets in length. (This is contrary to [RFC9180] which stipulates it should be at least Nsk=2432 octets in length.) 3.4. Encap and Decap Encap and Decap are the primary KEM functions. Their implementation is described below. def Encap(pkR): (pkA, pkB) = pkR (ss1, enc1) = DHKEM.Encap(pkA) (ss2, enc2) = Kyber768Draft00.Encap(pkB) return ( concat(ss1, ss2), concat(enc1, enc2) ) def Decap(enc, skR): (skA, skB) = skR enc1 = enc[0:32] enc2 = enc[32:1120] ss1 = DHKEM.Decap(enc1, skA) ss2 = Kyber768Draft00.Decap(enc2, skB) return concat(ss1, ss2) 4. Security Considerations We aim for IND-CCA2 robustness: that means that if either constituent KEM is not IND-CCA2 secure, but the other is, the combined hybrid remains IND-CCA2 secure. In general [GHP18] [COMBINERS] this requires a combiner that mixes in the cipher texts, such as, assuming fixed-length cipher texts and shared secrets: Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 5] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 HKDF(concat(ss1, ss2, enc1, enc2)). In the present case, DHKEM(X25519, -) and Kyber768Draft00 already mix in the respective cipher texts into their shared secrets. Thus we can forgo mixing in the cipher texts a second time. Furthermore, in HPKE, the shared secret is never used directly, but passed through HKDF (via KeySchedule), and thus we can forgo the call to HKDF as well. 5. IANA Considerations This document requests/registers a new entry to the "HPKE KEM Identifiers" registry. Value: 0x30 (please) KEM: X25519Kyber768Draft00 Nsecret: 64 Nenc: 1120 Npk: 1216 Nsk: 2432 Auth: no Reference: This document 6. References 6.1. Normative References [KYBER] Schwabe, P. and B. Westerbaan, "Kyber Post-Quantum KEM", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-cfrg-schwabe- kyber-02, 31 March 2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-cfrg-schwabe- kyber-02>. [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119>. Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 6] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 [RFC7748] Langley, A., Hamburg, M., and S. Turner, "Elliptic Curves for Security", RFC 7748, DOI 10.17487/RFC7748, January 2016, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7748>. [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174, May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174>. [RFC9180] Barnes, R., Bhargavan, K., Lipp, B., and C. Wood, "Hybrid Public Key Encryption", RFC 9180, DOI 10.17487/RFC9180, February 2022, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9180>. 6.2. Informative References [COMBINERS] Ounsworth, M., Wussler, A., and S. Kousidis, "Combiner function for hybrid key encapsulation mechanisms (Hybrid KEMs)", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ounsworth- cfrg-kem-combiners-03, 13 March 2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ounsworth- cfrg-kem-combiners-03>. [GHP18] Giacon, F., Heuer, F., and B. Poettering, "KEM Combiners", 2018, <https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76578-5_7>. [HYBRID] Stebila, D., Fluhrer, S., and S. Gueron, "Hybrid key exchange in TLS 1.3", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-ietf-tls-hybrid-design-06, 27 February 2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-tls- hybrid-design-06>. [KyberV302] Avanzi, R., Bos, J., Ducas, L., Kiltz, E., Lepoint, T., Lyubashevsky, V., Schanck, J., Schwabe, P., Seiler, G., and D. Stehle, "CRYSTALS-Kyber, Algorithm Specification And Supporting Documentation (version 3.02)", 2021, <https://pq-crystals.org/kyber/data/kyber-specification- round3-20210804.pdf>. [TLS-XYBER] Westerbaan, B. and D. Stebila, "X25519Kyber768Draft00 hybrid post-quantum key agreement", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft, draft-tls-westerbaan-xyber768d00-02, 31 March 2023, <https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft- tls-westerbaan-xyber768d00-02>. Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 7] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 Appendix A. Change log *RFC Editor's Note:* Please remove this section prior to publication of a final version of this document. Appendix B. Test Vectors This section contains test vectors formatted similary to that which are found in [RFC9180], except that it only contains vectors for the base mode of operation. B.1. DHKEM(X25519, HKDF-SHA256)+Kyber768Draft00, HKDF-SHA256, AES- 128-GCM B.1.1. Base Setup Information mode: 0 kem_id: 48 kdf_id: 1 aead_id: 1 info: 486561722068656172 ikmE: 48770d6e9af0f67b3e15b837f20b43cc0f0135dc90b544cad4ac44c79f9bee9f pkEm: 5deee09b43f0a8f33227a4b1c2d4f28fdb1689bc4a89a2176fbca3e3ad0788 50620c4ed90903405a7117a86512fb384114829c5c6fb9732549480312f52dd81ac8 976a861ab187b4eb385d92a6848b5d00c4ab6c4a340d14ae18c8ba65723426fa0554 ab14f8a7902323145ca5169552cab3801d8cc62f03647255822f9c9b8ab360120d59 6f147c2eae1c9adbea7c3b4953e8d4330e759a2aea211573aaacd8a879b5a63d7cad 3aa23fa5c425ca5bc728a842dd82180cd5b483c7b2ce056c20104f86e89a7639685a 87a750618824e9694a99a864e837d61456da7477f0c1b4380c5f8d401b951b1ccff6 aeca4c86fe90a3d034bd9f51a810b2c085d75d41a4a2b7c28b108baf64d2c795d229 2300065bd64257f5759b107da8ac999698803f2538c792a3a3cccfeba5cc57087cd2 fb297db007c4fa357a904b8791bdae8cbc997689a6b57e452ab4b07251075a8304e6 cbdc0a8fba6656a2d42b24db8333325c6413c1896a0eec7b5110a838d2d7bf40c87b bd6a096a1525df8183e0e334d684ceac1013ff94070cc17a67b79fbc352a76728ade b1690ae7236decacf068cc85b68de2ba857b63b72f432f36f5a4fb99319e5200f824 7a8548523b370793498827e9cb7a0239d7a461d849be6c598fbf5081ff79c1932312 8f104419585f46b146d2d882378326b6b5031d563ce4f0473776304c6146d4c77ce7 839834ac31ea4b47a33a740468005ca55715dc7a63da4973b13d22fc9b2c70255ab3 30dd6ab41ba414efab612699b8ca95b44a844ae4f86f3d87078d78c241a83b0bd2a8 7fd1bcff0a14552725f1aa426444cb6954c006d506dbe0a637238a085ac6c5f50b03 410d0fc20b1ff2bb1ec55f3726547ee03e03986f9e1ab445680aa07a4dc1ac2598f8 cf7b65a7e74ac0d0a78063371302a17e65d89eec1050a0023446d4c082629a59537b d5314f8d7142a2e6b80ab37f119b1027b8c3736722ade3bc112180736bbbff95bb85 d408c7d9bec9b69ebef47a8d0755248b2f603653032839abc4756de884ac77081d84 6f15abb89adbbb190a7ed9c936100237f109732e523559a18ce0e84dc8fb0d6de1ab 472070e8f59c61b763279522b4a42ec5d1855434546628983058ba47e81ded719899 f581459297be956185c42ca0497b10c912103313203479abcc04a21568b041032d32 Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 8] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 1fc46508de665ff3900383a65cdb0121303a29473957a1ec9991a102175062bc10b7 cb98c6c5337f1115972931ba3de87795dacad7ba52cae56ff8688f16095b20118f84 f936e989033bba296829bba71b6b93c602bf6632e2fab0b16c832e2c7fffd471a088 596c43c4ea421b999304808a3f7d0934574b928298b50ae68926c125453a5614a372 113a898e518be0d16a18f657b3984b6046baa4ec9630395b8fe8ab7f586e55411027 0b4c4e8594b641485a339be0220a98426859f9b9207137efa2302d3650bfd87893ac 79cd31492ec68501305ee5e71126e532307a5936001879002b68749a5ccc851e776b 6ae1a3e641283da815a354b61719c4be010268f1ae835b52281479da71010e6ab37d e342b4bc9d4d493930c9893ec6547e74862cea4ed25163bd2424e6ca2e56263c33e9 37c56b35e89bc068d9c343a00f7b9a717c276d724a8654a884984829bb1bb4dda99f 0d0e0c8a800ff44739be3a86fc4b72788334aae59de68faf306fbee762 skEm: 659c885b95a936856c7af7b28f41c2edb10e056c5b553c115fd663068c43fc 605179182c00586e6e7a399cf53147fa9baf22618c88052f62121d23854353c3511b 8ad8149d1493a4e8cc29f031bf3946079878c53b6960984865182b2af3c2cc2e49be 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9b1c7616437899244f4ee42f907615386b8f2c06d09ba12c57ca50c7dcacf4f47c2f e72993ba3f0b276b9036a96e5561524bad2ea25a19d93894106765488d1b542aa5c0 2d7ab299bb8757f3024b23b74b9e42a7dc013546a935855cc65bb8911a17b70c1051 052286b33632e16494694b3aff651d09565d24638f14409545884741a1732ad4c558 Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 13] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 fb03a186b1f9bbb0324abe13239910f2c0dbc99de83449e079b58b97acfc555c9264 8fa049461b69886ca3a3796459a8e5203f81acf2fba0cafc9aa67728e681ae300ac4 222c1524a39b459ba089d177547ab90884599960bf34a3207b60b8358c19faa21aae 737c65131076f765b570101716c66609113da321109ba56914571f4ccc98a5a6f109 18cc826d84d46964163ed1bc50f02c854efba825810f4c2106883957e89729d0c252 4126a0c1bcce99e01d683999cf838d47ab8d5d1454c27698ef49217630b7ad2209b7 d99b3f9290c7652a40d818a5767c110bc4d3697f2bf5bc02e247488456ec5491d15c c4d34b364e572b71089a649a8745f44f438b4052451830241d6c5ba408b90ce964a6 8f6001cb43b0ef7623da8381302608f37174396285b8092d5c3c7169797d97b00210 e7687f55c07992c0fbc23614a701fb77bc10961db522abb4cab30b94741a8a98bf36 a58137a712e771fc2a5d7c33b045299641305c3c95c9e26948aaa13b97a1084a3368 c959a24f95584017be62267f2f18327e2933e131229cb6b4489a6171993024a8249a 600604c3ba24341eeada93b7c4b86590409cd54744f11004b38605ea770d59ae14d5 7b3a604f68ab269ee1139d190b9b5941abd8bb24051b582007bd8397c15a61942600 c792ae7a205baaa18a8c68b1bca13f791169f9335ea029a75589490c5135ed03b649 26685f49a69042bec058bc731a78be3c01ea9b66f51a69d6e19b2ba020409218f9f6 05597c2539062063d216de7b6a46f60f86bb71c0365979aaa4a0426c6ee4146d2977 8b4b38dbc43c8da580d98392a466c7c843acab5364e4b996210008913123680022c8 1c3d74fca45f101799e439ca0786330566f9b5bebbc9166a7a13cce80a770f8fe552 aa429956cd220caf8725c687d4c774769136ce295e58a0dc317f5bccc3d375a78e14 343c5a12c1b8312b8acb5d5ea1e84abe5cacf6a71de0199943c4132b50e6eac9f550 1f518ae1f515ff6a8a32cee3fd9bcafafd5f6a75b24814f81042c2e193aea5817330 a906046cbae3481f2538b0721306cb4b4fe26047b64ac753695d6b5b256aae7ef455 764b81ce2649817c3eeb1465050166a532c80d51361ce4ba9cbb6f48e718902c8b09 365182db417ab0874907cf129102c9558113327bc6464edf3b48913b07e0138e7e05 61b4699c538b77e896a905082b42e3c89d8656c4686ab3322ba8f7543bf0baceb715 0dd916e45344e0344b057b6058967856e2a2d906a35ee008b214964a327be5dc429c dc0539c41b56675ee921c3acec9a6c101489e25538f2a5ae3568497a149d5a93ecd6 6d31597f9a2c0c997195c6e3a221b45b9aac134f28bd7805882c95abe65c3b824957 f6d19ce84647ef32c441b160068c30ae47023e0c812122bee105759c18b53ee979f6 21c2d6f9bb90c8cfbcb3b2739cb1546b8d4f9778d7292783623d3fb67c1eb028d517 0892f23deac32b1551865ac51ac93c87cca18be1b969c4fc9403c2516dc42077d6c7 a7834935a926483058bf4200780550f7697d87e832386270388a73bc449f3f1a9ae4 dc91d63a779b77642e8240f5f146a6ea2d81b96be1bc51e5420a85e49ab414b83241 86a1527fe5ec737fd75f390c94155c705cb673021037b14aca237a75168ab4511191 e13437e6598f85fb63b4631cd5928ea4a8068e7727156a0d4bcc79e2cb438c3032ab 5a91526a159a4aa080453f4344aa00da0e9225768b205dbfd27f2218c497717627d8 a4fc7c4533a2c6f95746a116834f63aa6aeb055210bd0d667cbae26a41aca710d769 3dc539f6924526e924daca21cbfb8230191a83a0a275fc1202ac09c9258c07b03a31 1a2d895ac8e1f07b02ca635a43bfd38007b224c8f3ea55a920bda601b2fff56840b3 6ddaf65ffd02b21401786cca15d0289e8bf0399be403ad293d57b56eaf3cb6318408 5766316ce5463b625e17072db448124d761a618ba633e544cbc6c7f5b29316b17d25 a31dcf36c9d7b57348c3ade4866024637853ba76ef77bd510701dc69bbe220716c85 cc08e2542394023d289a27d31447c0660e35068dca513b45b8e317ad6c134284831a e34a221095473c13707311bd2a7389faa1878bebaa3b79858cc3cbe96c4b0c261352 1a846d0932ad5cc01af189b1b73f9c67663b8c92db5c12764216d3a5b5cc9b5620f5 cbb6023b4b25830337af7fba5443cc643182a8e2b0965387223deab59850cf6d9005 9632a3fbca1f05d86a98ab7c30d907d854237d73079d1a0f896450002ca003334808 Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 14] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 f98231c4b899c2245b0980b6275a6e644940c8a28ef477881211c0329509f07b0e29 b923c033c8ec899bfc3ea91936545002741c0d23b15eb3dbb718cace57d768a3fcad 28262f1df643be1b2ee5098869cb1046cb15d10c9bf1a5a3000140c0823c68b79d90 a3250f436cdba22261072dec64325e122b3cebc93b6c0295a1472b259fd18bbd3257 aff55109f3376a07c0454de30437c3c0fafa96ad202eab69c4c9d2844a73c0f9cb1d a858479e6a6dc0b773ccb2945431427f709582b31ece712f577a992e299e298c7b51 988b5b09b3c46a6f4e30bad0a075ab6b9d425457181837806a1c87d7a42fc695f189 77aeb95309287da4c16675884ac04092816c957107169577a8298a47d5d3bf506917 7010c226b532d60685db0b714cab391fb8112a4807ccc9ca3f251ccf62a4e7099853 e398e70774d8f5a7ae342ad0394b4bda17284737534cc1ada577d2510eb9793991d8 565c054e2f68ad0e7cb74bc864507950db3107148b777ce438f7260dada98d95936e 6fc6aac9cac3f0fa93a9da2008751cbcf516921c1eb5ea4f1aa9969d130a774b75bb 0997d08c773ef66bbd81b03dd80a5dbbbeb3123344b1809ccc9f48f7a8ac923ce2b1 66420c6bfa79b19fd0a71bf9a886e93bdab9c69d25aa2fe0a251591a3959550a7b0e 63159630e98039f94be140479500b907dc1bba856f7825591b43b5a330aa2f926efb fcb432e0b4ade7b5b2954d8867715b472acb50366f05c5b8352feed206614acb27a5 7c71e78f26b971baca1e86902de43973e4baac9256906ac0356a43ba5496c25b649e 0d133111e6cef391b4fb3c061eba9b80b5710a0b5912fca10e83c758fc1b380118fc 71ad3b450c81c7cd344c9ac04c3f4405cb4bdb6a9b1c7616437899244f4ee42f9076 15386b8f2c06d09ba12c57ca50c7dcacf4f47c2fe72993ba3f0b276b9036a96e5561 524bad2ea25a19d93894106765488d1b542aa5c02d7ab299bb8757f3024b23b74b9e 42a7dc013546a935855cc65bb8911a17b70c1051052286b33632e16494694b3aff65 1d09565d24638f14409545884741a1732ad4c558fb03a186b1f9bbb0324abe132399 10f2c0dbc99de83449e079b58b97acfc555c92648fa049461b69886ca3a3796459a8 e5203f81acf2fba0cafc9aa67728e681ae300ac4222c1524a39b459ba089d177547a b90884599960bf34a3207b60b8358c19faa21aae737c65131076f765b570101716c6 6609113da321109ba56914571f4ccc98a5a6f10918cc826d84d46964163ed1bc50f0 2c854efba825810f4c2106883957e89729d0c2524126a0c1bcce99e01d683999cf83 8d47ab8d5d1454c27698ef49217630b7ad2209b7d99b3f9290c7652a40d818a5767c 110bc4d3697f2bf5bc02e247488456ec5491d15cc4d34b364e572b71089a649a8745 f44f438b4052451830241d6c5ba408b90ce964a68f6001cb43b0ef7623da83813026 08f37174396285b8092d5c3c7169797d97b00210e7687f55c07992c0fbc23614a701 fb77bc10961db522abb4cab30b94741a8a98bf36a58137a712e771fc2a5d7c33b045 299641305c3c95c9e26948aaa13b97a1084a3368c959a24f95584017be62267f2f18 327e2933e131229cb6b4489a6171993024a8249a600604c3ba24341eeada93b7c4b8 6590409cd54744f11004b38605ea770d59ae14d57b3a604f68ab269ee1139d190b9b 5941abd8bb24051b582007bd8397c15a61942600c792ae7a205baaa18a8c68b1bca1 3f791169f9335ea029a75589490c5135ed03b64926685f49a69042bec058bc731a78 be3c01ea9b66f51a69d6e19b2ba020409218f9f605597c2539062063d216de7b6a46 f60f86bb71c0365979aaa4a0426c6ee4146d29778b4b38dbc43c8da580d98392a466 c7c843acab5364e4b996210008913123680022c81c3d74fca45f101799e439ca0786 330566f9b5bebbc9166a7a13cce80a770f8fe552aa429956cd220caf8725c687d4c7 74769136ce295e58a0dc317f5bccc3d375a78e14343c5a12c1b8312b8acb5d5ea1e8 4abe5cacf6a71de0199943c4132b50e6eac9f5501f518ae1f515ff6a8a32cee3fd9b cafafd5f6a75b24814 enc: 5db1665b81e7647c2656152519bdbbe8312772f5f32fc58c0a74024bd038894 260551e91e2718280855338e6a34d0c47f812f639207a5beade523e95e5989221bf4 5b4e43332609c9c85a14b94b13df6eaff353c2608b5f04e4507fbb71e1985a67acd8 Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 15] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 8df0057da49f8edb852e7611b6404dfe0739f4ef9032e615c0789b72471c8a3abc46 b421d3834c4dde4d3010664fe0ff5302c769e443c5977853513f9378007e403768d2 cff2cd875972c1651a19b5a9c8a29491db6f8fb9e4359068351e5f09599dd8244cb2 62d55b68e7db41981b95be725630f2416b9614f787fb3b62f29153773e106957f951 aa2ef3e7b1e19922800b9baafccd875a99d0c4d3f4b8645b8bce918a4f312435d57c 3206503ab266e54ea75f1588ec22db94444f29bea3a69f26a1151458a0f2c1da2154 128c6531a046bb9e5aebb910809ffad5a10dcf77422d9ff055e8ca8f7a0a3586ea65 76711286f325f5de352162057097ef4c051a454da4a7023e0bf4e80d6af328b05398 41b8d54f4188471bb7690b8e33da8feba802f0ea1893aaa57f688e0f59b508e9b81c 772d9b4886fdc19832a1b801e15c5e6615a1442126b349affbe8eb1c46d00b54b7af 16f0c6c2d2c3f8b17cb64816a345a02ced0b3d15a6f0d09a73873ae661a554f37a40 4c1e7cef1b51cc34b5781c998cfaacae878710193b5a30fbe7fdda3663092bd82b3f 4912f0efd266230f4120c656411cc56370a9a5e20a205a69480fee028377abd1a797 7cf46c6e676a77c31d8a385902f1912d2e1a96f12d8d2bf421a6adabeba182b859a3 7468b1a33f9cd39a4b7dea2bc4a041b03d203d0ced466896474de3a2cc4992dfa131 29f51aae78e38fa3ce216e7dbd9c4dd928d522af19eb25be0ab6ee25da981267a172 38ec05d82207184c4bf252fb488b81946a18326f3dfcc8d5d15f3b0f620374a688d9 b492a78d939b19842a6997199fb4a7eb686f39b7761c622984323b2b10e7485372a5 e8fd91ef3871107f9592d4dfadf96a103e7208827a495f2534398437eaba1e5014ac c363d01ba6de8544c9573ae506b6cf64ff1bbec1885c224d01562364e8a56e69ae6f 715882f133211ca718a00416914c3661d0e6b20fdb3c90e3a2b56d0043e211bd02a3 1a6857db317edbce537c56ec0b23135a5f84ed8ad4b78e1023fdf28be6e18c5d6e12 45d90771041d093ef285df1a7b5cca67e8b4f2f252d92894767462df91de1407dc95 83c89309c330b5937540b5bf58c3b311c995b7d4a4199fb709bc0187fd1d78528cf6 f2ebb0a63b2f51348050730d1d3764375ee533b26df5dc064b7279514208aef6b989 8cdc41c0a3fa7c2cf896b7d863e62371b425df236235f276002ec8393bbef974afa8 90c5c581b71e03a85bf7246792909ee12a394801f815fd7d040a5eff2a58daa0bd4f 1670334c6f98e45c4a3c6d29a680dc1188fe47a23e53ed8323c73c51e8f9eda88850 69be6d5d29d4eaa800a0c6ebedd27a4df1b8240761099904ec12e6b81d491ac5a929 50709c728ccecbd1c5b318cddf101859e37b0ab9e4dfb5d6ff2bf264b24a270a8b2f 9 shared_secret: b45aab63e017e342d0014e510647b152cc8a8bc80d2de268981a9 26f489b95ae2cd72b3744f39a24995a1a7f105fd58af13b13324333c666af99bb69c f08590b key_schedule_context: 009f749a195d1c8b3eaa8d5c3f571dc7231aafbbc0405e 4b484738352667c484867584e32e844cdf74d17b4ee224cc521bbc8bed221f21f34f 8ccc9842772686cb secret: 619cc6dd4220523ae6782463256473cd8c2a06b3823cb0a7a4a65cf1a257c9ee key: 8733d53ec055a7b89258377919e75c84 base_nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6668a6 exporter_secret: e9b124bfefd9f7d6d2ca509da122f48a1a764204fb3834c4cac5c46480023649 B.1.1.1. Encryptions Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 16] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 sequence number: 0 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d30 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6668a6 ct: 1d1cbced6ce357c113fcb81529363592df73cb9b5b0179cc1935c38028fdd0dd 9d848e0d598329b928f917d8cca3e6be5d20 sequence number: 1 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d31 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6668a7 ct: 98b1b9f547622e2ae37a308f0c6664d2c1bbfb73a0e0f564aea7701a2958613f bb87ca45b16f2cc4bedbbf548f12f64534e2 sequence number: 2 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d32 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6668a4 ct: 97760602220afd15e23b787227a3838af94219f97343c3d8e9b28abff21c3d7c b240c9faea894c65f401ecbce9d09256370d sequence number: 4 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d34 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6668a2 ct: 990c3b27b63b4166b184d36ac97e516b53afe29e91b92f83073d74aca5e588d3 1891ff2932fd2e29da3addb660a160ec8d30 sequence number: 255 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d323535 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e666859 ct: f78e8c2f6cac9a1e4e4e8f50d5e9f003bbc2cc8f56377dc2dd311bf66d26849b a3321eda4e5ab5803525379d90585b672b06 sequence number: 256 pt: 546f2074686520756e6976657273616c206465706c6f796d656e74206f6620505143 aad: 436f756e742d323536 nonce: 198d78ed008e95d54e6669a6 ct: f3dfdf112aaa7c9171cae4a24e19cccdd5d1d9829a2a60d26fe5a9ae6b97750d c5f90ae9c3702ee86c9b9b3a36aaa725885a Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 17] Internet-Draft hpke-xyber768d00 April 2023 B.1.1.2. Exported Values exporter_context: L: 32 exported_value: b21df4a6902376312fcdf58db6046f53ddd44d48ae7e58fdea60957cc379fa93 exporter_context: 00 L: 32 exported_value: d2e5288f872c9936d79bd56c578fb65c2998c2a646b844e61e2cf7749f298690 exporter_context: 54657374436f6e74657874 L: 32 exported_value: 95239ef81d885b1466d05b0a29918972214f0f9078ea7f0169b574d4580272e9 Authors' Addresses Bas Westerbaan Cloudflare Email: bas@cloudflare.com Christopher A. Wood Cloudflare Email: caw@heapingbits.net Westerbaan & Wood Expires 9 October 2023 [Page 18]