The SDN-based MPTCP-aware and MPQUIC-aware Transmission Control Model using ALTO
draft-xing-alto-sdn-controller-aware-mptcp-mpquic-05
The information below is for an old version of the document.
| Document | Type |
This is an older version of an Internet-Draft whose latest revision state is "Replaced".
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|---|---|---|---|
| Authors | Ziyang Xing , Xiaoqiang Di , Hui Qi | ||
| Last updated | 2022-05-11 | ||
| Replaces | draft-xing-nmrg-sdn-controller-aware-mptcp-mpquic | ||
| RFC stream | (None) | ||
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draft-xing-alto-sdn-controller-aware-mptcp-mpquic-05
alto Z. Xing
Internet-Draft X. Di
Intended status: Informational H. Qi
Expires: 13 November 2022 Changchun University of Science and Technology
12 May 2022
The SDN-based MPTCP-aware and MPQUIC-aware Transmission Control Model
using ALTO
draft-xing-alto-sdn-controller-aware-mptcp-mpquic-05
Abstract
This document aims to study and implement MultiPath Transmission
Control Protocol (MPTCP) and MultiPath Quick UDP Internet Connection
(MPQUIC) using application layer traffic optimization (ALTO) in
software defined network (SDN). In a software-defined network, ALTO
server collects network cost indicators (including link delay, number
of paths, availability, network traffic, bandwidth and packet loss
rate etc.), and the controller extracts MPTCP or MPQUIC packet header
to allocate MPTCP or MPQUIC packet to suitable transmission path
according to the network cost indicators by ALTO, which can reduce
the probability of transmission path congestion and improving path
utilization.
Status of This Memo
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provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
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This Internet-Draft will expire on 13 November 2022.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
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This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. Default transmission control mode of MPTCP or MPQUIC in
SDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. Delivering functions by ALTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
5. Architectural Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
6. Implementation and Deployment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9. Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
10. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1. Introduction
The traditional TCP protocol only uses one path between the server
and the client to transmit data. In order to realize the
simultaneous transmission of data between multiple paths between the
server and the client, the International Internet Engineering Task
Force proposed and standardized MPTCP [RFC6897] . MPTCP realizes
multiple paths between hosts to transmit data at the same time, but
it is necessary to modify the operating system kernel to change the
protocol stack of both parties in order to increase the MPTCP
protocol. Therefore, MPTCP has disadvantages such as difficulty in
deployment. In order to solve the drawbacks in the transmission
network and adapt to the faster development of the Internet, Google
proposed the HTTP/3 protocol which is Quick UDP Internet Connection
(QUIC) [RFC9000]. QUIC has many new features, such as: 0-RTT,
forward error correction, connection migration, flexible congestion
control, multiplexing without head-of-line blocking, easy deployment,
and more. MPQUIC [MPQUIC] is a multi-path transmission protocol
designed on the basis of QUIC. SDN [RFC7426] is a new network
innovation architecture implemented by virtualization. By separating
control and forwarding, it breaks the closedness of traditional
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network equipment, and uses programming to make network management
more concise and efficient. flexible. ALTO [RFC7285] can obtain and
provide global network information to the controller, such as network
traffic, link delay, etc. The main multipath transmission protocols
MPTCP and MPQUIC have their own characteristics [MultipathTester].
The application of multipath transmission in SDN can greatly improve
the transmission throughput.
Realize the coupling control of MPTCP and mpquic subflows in the
software defined network, obtain the network state information and
allocate the optimal path according to Alto, so as to improve the
bandwidth utilization and resource allocation fairness, effectively
alleviate the network congestion and realize the load balance between
paths.
At present, some scholars have studied the model of deploying MPTCP
or MPQUIC in software-defined network, [QUICSDN] \ [SDN_for_MPTCP] \
[SDN_MPTCP], but their SDN controller cannot manage the headers of
MPTCP and MPQUIC data packets at the same time, and cannot achieve
unified management of MPTCP and MPQUIC links.The ALTO protocol can
easily obtain various network states (including multiple SDNs,
dynamic networks) from SDN without the internal details of the
network provider, and deliver controller decisions [SDN_ALTO_proof] \
[SDN_ALTO], which is already a mature solution.
The purpose of this document is to:
Describe the model that the controller can extract MPTCP or MPQUIC
data packets in the software-defined network.
According to the global information obtained by the AlTO, the
controller allocates MPTCP or MPQUIC data packets with efficient
transmission path.
2. Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].
3. Default transmission control mode of MPTCP or MPQUIC in SDN
In a software-defined network, the default controller cannot extract
MPTCP or MPQUIC data packets. If MPTCP or MPQUIC are deployed and
there are multiple transmission paths, the controller only selects
one of the paths to transmit data, and the other paths are idle
(there is only one path to transmit data). The utilization rate is
low, and it is impossible to transmit data on multiple paths at the
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same time, resulting in low transmission efficiency.
4. Delivering functions by ALTO
Alto server is used to obtain network status information, and the
controller in SDN is the client of Alto. Alto server will collect
network cost indicators (including link delay, number of paths,
availability, network traffic, bandwidth and packet loss rate).
5. Architectural Framework
The architectural framework of multi-path transmission model based on
SDN controller MPTCP and MPQUIC using ALTO is shown in Figure 1.
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+--------------Network Status Acquisition----------------+
| ALTO Server |
| (Network topology, traffic distribution, |
| link delay/bandwidth) |
+---------------^----------------------------------------+
|
+------ALTO Protocol----+
|
+-----------Control Plane-(ALTO Client)-v----------------+
| +-------------------------------------------+ |
| | Extract MPTCP / MPQUIC header module | |
| | (Extract packet header) | |
| +---------------------+---------------------+ |
| | |
| token or CID |
| | |
| +---------------------v---------------------+ |
| | Path selection module | |
| +--> (Select the appropriate path from <--+ |
| | | the candidate path - assigned path) | | |
| | +---------------------+---------------------+ | |
| | | Allocated |
| | +-----Allocate path------+ path |
| | | | | |
| | +---------v----------+ +-----------v--------+ | |
| | | Flow rules | | Link management | | |
| | | generation module | | module | | |
| | | (All switch | |(Manage the mapping +--+ |
| | | assignment flow | |table flows and save| |
| | | tables for the | | the connection | |
| | | selected path) | | information) | |
| | +---------+----------| +--------------------+ |
+-|------------|-----------------------------------------+
Network |
status +----Flow rules-----+
| |
| +---------------Data Plane----v-------------+
| | +------------------+ +------------------+ |
| | | SDN switch | | SDN switch | |
+--+ | (Forwarding flow | | (Forwarding flow | |
| | rules and obtain | | rules and obtain | |
| | network status) | | network status) | |
| +------------------+ +------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------+
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of SDN-based MPTCP-aware and MPQUIC-aware
transmission control model using ALTO
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The SDN-based MPTCP and MPQUIC transmission control using ALTO model
consists of three parts.
* The first part is the network status acquisition module, which
acquires basic network status information from ALTO.
* The second part is the control plane, that is the SDN controller,
also the client of ALTO, which includes extracting MPTCP / MPQUIC
header module, path selection module, flow rules generation module
and link management module. The main function is to extract the
header identifier token or CID of MPTCP and MPQUIC according to
the data packet (For details, see Section 4), obtain the global
information of the whole network according to AlTO and allocate
suitable paths and put flow rules to switches according to the
global information of the entire network, and manage the links of
the entire network at the same time.
* The third part is the data plane which is some OpenFlow switches.
It executes the flow rules issued by the controller and realizes
the forwarding of data packets.
6. Implementation and Deployment
+---------------------+ +----------------------------+
| Create a flow table | |The packet p arrives at s1, |
+----------+----------+ | and s1 performs flow rules <--+
| | item matching on p | |
| +--------------+-------------+ |
+----------v----------+ | |
|Obtain Network Status| | |
|Extract packet header|<-----+ | |
+----------+----------+ | v |
| | /\ |
+-----------+------------+ | / \ |
| | | +---NO-----Match successful? |
v v v \ / |
/\ /\ /\ \/ |
/ \ / \ / \ YES |
MP_CAPABLE CID MP_JOIN | |
\ / \ / \ / | |
\/ \/ \/ +------------v-------------+ |
| | | |Forward paket according to|-+
| | v |the flow rules instruction|
| | +------+------+ +------------^-------------+
| | |Extract token| |
| | +------+------+ |
| | | |
| | | |
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| +------v----+ +-----v-------+ |
| | key=Q+CID | | key=T+token | |
| +-----+-----+ +------+------+ |
| | | |
| +------+-------+ |
| | |
| v |
| /\ |
| / \ |
| Is there a key |
| +--in the flow table?--+ |
| | \ / | |
| NO \/ YES |
| | | |
| +------v----------+ +-------v------+ |
| |Extract source IP| | | |
| |destination IP | | Path of all | |
| |source port | | subflows in | |
| |destination port | | value,RL | |
| |and subflow | | | |
| |identifier | | | |
| +-------+---------+ +-------+------+ |
| | | |
| | | |
| +-------v---------+ +-------v-------+ |
| |Add the subflow | |Extract the | |
| |meta information | |subflow meta | |
| |to value and then| |information | |
| |save <key:value> | |and add it to | |
| |to the flow rules| |value | |
| +-------+---------+ +-------+-------+ |
+-------->| | |
| | |
+-------v---------+ +-------v------+ |
| | |Allocate a new| |
|Allocate the | |path to p, and| |
|first path to p | |route does not| |
|route | |belong to RL | |
+-------+---------+ +-------+------+ |
| | |
+----------+----------+ |
| |
| |
+---------------------v----------------------+ |
|Put forward and reverse flow rules to switch|----+
+--------------------------------------------+
Figure 2 The flow chart of the SDN-based MPTCP-aware and MPQUIC-aware
multi-path transmission control model using ALTO
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The flow chart of the SDN-based MPTCP-aware and MPQUIC-aware multi-
path transmission control model using ALTO is shown in Figure 2. The
transmission control model is realized by the following steps:
* Step 1.ALTO server collects network cost indicators (including
link delay, number of paths, availability, network traffic,
bandwidth and packet loss rate), which are recorded as: G (V, e),
network topology g, V is the vertex and E is the edge.
* Step 2. The SDN controller creates a mapping table flows for
storing MPTCP or MPQUIC connection information, and each entry
structure of the mapping table flows is <key:value>; wherein key
is the unique identifier of MPTCP or MPQUIC connection, When the
packet comes from MPTCP, key=T+token; and when the packet comes
from MPQUIC, key=Q+CID (The letters T and Q are used to
distinguish MPTCP and MPQUIC). value is a set of sub-stream meta-
information, each item in the set is a sub-stream meta-
information; each sub-stream meta-information consists of source
IP, destination IP, source port, destination port, MPTCP (or
MPQUIC) sub-stream identifier and the path route composition.
* Step 3. When the data packet p of a certain MPTCP or MPQUIC
subflow reaches the first switch s1, the first switch s1 extracts
the header field of the data packet p, extracts the source IP,
source port, destination IP and the destination port matches the
source IP, source port, destination IP and destination port of the
flow table in the first switch s1 respectively, and judges whether
the matching is successful. If so, go to step 13; if not, then
the first switch s1 encapsulates the data packet p and forwards it
to the SDN controller, and at the same time adds the data packet p
to the waiting queue.
* Step 4. After receiving the data packet p, the SDN controller
extracts the header field of the data packet p, extracts the
connection identifier of the data packet, and generates a key
value, where when the data packet comes from MPTCP, key=T+token;
When the packet comes from MPQUIC, key=Q+CID. Then query whether
there is a key in the mapping table flows, if so, go to step 8, if
not, go to step 5.
* Step 5. Extract the source IP, destination IP, source port, and
destination port of the data packet p and generate a key value,
where when the data packet comes from MPTCP, key=T+token; and when
the data packet comes from MPQUIC, key=Q+CID .
* Step 6. ALTO to get basic network information. The controller
calculates the threshold T according to the global network state
information (network topology, number of switches, etc.). Using
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the depth-first traversal algorithm, find the available path set
R={r_1,...,r_i,...,r_m } from all source nodes whose length does
not exceed a certain threshold T to the destination node, r_i is
the i available path, in the available path set Select a shortest
path r_i in R as the path route of the sub-flow, where
r_i=<s_(i,1),...,s_(i,j),...>, s_(i,j) represents the i available
path The switch numbered j, where i belong to [1,m],j belong to
[1,T].
* Step 7. Use the MPTCP and MPQUIC connection identifiers as the
unique identifier key of the MPTCP and MPQUIC connections, where
the key is the unique identifier of the MPTCP and MPQUIC
connections. When the data packet comes from MPTCP, key=T+token;
and the data packet comes from In MPQUIC, key=Q+CID. The source
IP, source port, destination IP, destination port, MPTCP, MPQUIC
sub-flow identifier and path route of the data packet p are added
to the set value of sub-flow meta information as sub-flow meta-
information, and then the <key:value> The form is saved to the
mapping table flows, and go to step 11.
* Step 8. The SDN controller updates the flows table according to
the global information of the network, and takes out the value
from the connection identifier, and then composes all paths in the
value into a set RL={r_1,r_2,...}.
* Step 9. The SDN controller searches for a suitable disjoint path
for the data packet p according to the method in Step 5, and sets
the found path as route=r_i, where r_i not belong to RL.
* Step 10. Extract the source IP, destination IP, source port,
destination port, and MPTCP, MPQUIC sub-flow identifiers of the
data packet p, and convert the source IP, source port, destination
IP, destination port, MPTCP (or MPQUIC) sub-flow identifiers and
the path route is added to the value as sub-flow meta information.
* Step 11. The SDN controller uses the source IP, source port,
destination IP and destination port to issue the flow table to all
switches in the route route, and set the route
route=r_i=<s_(i,1),...,s_(i,j-1),s_(i.j),s_(i,j+1),...>, for the
switch s_(i,j), the flow entry sent is the source IP, source port
to the destination, the data packets of IP and destination port
are forwarded to s_(i,j+1).
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* Step 12. The controller sends the reverse flow table to all
switches on the route route and sets the route
route=r_i=<s_(i,1),...,s_(i,j-1),s_(i,j),s_(i,j+1),...>, for the
switch s_(i,j) ,the flow table entry sent is to forward the data
packets from the destination IP, destination port to source IP,
and source port to s_(i,j-1).
* Step 13. The switch already contains a flow entry for processing
the data packet p, and forwards the data packet according to the
rules defined by the flow entry, and completes the processing of
the data packet p. Step 3 is executed when the forwarding fails
or the processing of other subsequent data packets returns.
7. Security Considerations
The transmission control model uses the default security mechanism of
SDN\ALTO\MPTCP\QUIC in the network, and does not modify the default
security mechanisms such as encryption and authentication models
[RFC7426], [RFC7285], [RFC6824] and [RFC9000].
8. IANA Considerations
TBD.
9. Discussion
The SDN transmission control model proposed in this document can
simultaneously identify MPTCP and MPQUIC data packets and allocate
optimal paths according to the network status obtained by ALTO, which
expands the application scope of MPTCP and MPQUIC. In order to
verify its comprehensive transmission performance, a fat-tree data
center network is designed. The transmission control method proposed
in this document improves the throughput by about 3 times compared to
the default transmission control method. This model also supports
data transmission in multiple software-defined networks, and can also
be applied to satellite networks, marine networks, etc. to transmit
data.
10. Acknowledgments
The authors thank all reviewers for their comments.
11. References
11.1. Normative References
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[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC6824] Ford, A., Raiciu, C., Handley, M., and O. Bonaventure,
"TCP Extensions for Multipath Operation with Multiple
Addresses", RFC 6824, DOI 10.17487/RFC6824, January 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6824>.
[RFC6897] Scharf, M. and A. Ford, "Multipath TCP (MPTCP) Application
Interface Considerations", RFC 6897, DOI 10.17487/RFC6897,
March 2013, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6897>.
[RFC7285] Alimi, R., Ed., Penno, R., Ed., Yang, Y., Ed., Kiesel, S.,
Previdi, S., Roome, W., Shalunov, S., and R. Woundy,
"Application-Layer Traffic Optimization (ALTO) Protocol",
RFC 7285, DOI 10.17487/RFC7285, September 2014,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7285>.
[RFC7426] Haleplidis, E., Ed., Pentikousis, K., Ed., Denazis, S.,
Hadi Salim, J., Meyer, D., and O. Koufopavlou, "Software-
Defined Networking (SDN): Layers and Architecture
Terminology", RFC 7426, DOI 10.17487/RFC7426, January
2015, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7426>.
[RFC9000] Iyengar, J., Ed. and M. Thomson, Ed., "QUIC: A UDP-Based
Multiplexed and Secure Transport", RFC 9000,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9000, May 2021,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9000>.
11.2. Informative References
[MPQUIC] "Multipath Extension for QUIC",
<https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-lmbdhk-quic-
multipath-00.html>.
[MultipathTester]
"Coninck Q D , Bonaventure O . MultipathTester: Comparing
MPTCP and MPQUIC in Mobile Environments[C]// 2019 Network
Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA). 2019.",
<https://10.23919/TMA.2019.8784653>.
[QUICSDN] "Kumar P , Chen J , Dezfouli B . QuicSDN: Transitioning
from TCP to QUIC for Southbound Communication in SDNs[J].
2021.",
<https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021arXiv210708336K>.
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[SDN_ALTO] "V. K. Gurbani, M. Scharf, T. V. Lakshman, V. Hilt and E.
Marocco, "Abstracting network state in Software Defined
Networks (SDN) for rendezvous services," 2012 IEEE
International Conference on Communications (ICC), 2012,
pp. 6627-6632.",
<https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2012.6364858>.
[SDN_ALTO_proof]
"Faigl, Z. , Z. Szabo , and R. Schulcz . "Application-
layer traffic optimization in software-defined mobile
networks: A proof-of-concept implementation."
IEEE(2014):1-6.",
<https://doi.org/10.1109/NETWKS.2014.6959200>.
[SDN_for_MPTCP]
"Hussein A , Elhajj I H , Chehab A , et al. SDN for MPTCP:
An enhanced architecture for large data transfers in
datacenters[C]// IEEE International Conference on
Communications. IEEE, 2017.",
<https://doi.org/10.1109/ICC.2017.7996653>.
[SDN_MPTCP]
"7. K. Gao, C. Xu, J. Qin, S. Yang, L. Zhong and G.
Muntean, "QoS-driven Path Selection for MPTCP: A Scalable
SDN-assisted Approach," 2019 IEEE Wireless Communications
and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2019, pp. 1-6,",
<https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNC.2019.8885585>.
Authors' Addresses
Ziyang Xing
Changchun University of Science and Technology
Changchun
Email: more60@163.com
Xiaoqiang Di
Changchun University of Science and Technology
Changchun
Email: dixiaoqiang@cust.edu.cn
Hui Qi
Changchun University of Science and Technology
Changchun
Email: qihui@cust.edu.cn
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