SPRING Working Group W. Cheng
Internet Draft W. Jiang
Intended status: Informational China Mobile
Expires: September 21, 2024 C. Lin
Y. Qiu
New H3C Technologies
Y.Wei
Huawei Technologies
Ran.Chen
ZTE
R. Liang
Ruijie Networks
March 21, 2024
SR Policy Group
draft-cheng-spring-sr-policy-group-04
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Abstract
Segment Routing is a source routing paradigm that explicitly
indicates the forwarding path for packets at the ingress node. An SR
Policy is associated with one or more candidate paths, and each
candidate path is either dynamic, explicit, or composite. This
document describes SR policy Group in MPLS and IPv6 environments and
illustrates some use cases for parent SR policy and SR Policy Group
to provide best practice cases for operators.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction...................................................2
2. Terminology....................................................3
3. Parent SR Policy...............................................3
4. SR Policy Group................................................4
5. Steering into SR Policy Group..................................5
6. Relationship Sorting...........................................7
7. Information Model of SR Policy Group...........................8
8. Use Cases.....................................................10
8.1. Parent SR Policy in L3VPN over TE Scenarios..............10
8.2. SR Policy Group in Multi-VPN Tenants Scenarios...........11
9. IANA Considerations...........................................14
10. Security Considerations......................................14
11. References...................................................15
11.1. Normative References....................................15
11.2. Informative References..................................15
12. Acknowledgments..............................................15
Authors' Addresses...............................................16
1. Introduction
Segment routing (SR) [RFC8402] is a source routing paradigm that
explicitly indicates the forwarding path for packets at the ingress
node. The ingress node steers packets into a specific path according
to the Segment Routing Policy (SR Policy) as defined in [RFC9256].
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In order to distribute SR policies to the headend, [I-D.ietf-idr-
segment-routing-te-policy] specifies a mechanism by using BGP.
An SR Policy is associated with one or more candidate paths. A
composite candidate path acts as a container for grouping SR
Policies. As described in [RFC9256], the composite candidate path
construct enables combination of SR Policies, each with explicit
candidate paths and or dynamic candidate paths with potentially
different optimization objectives and constraints, for load-balanced
steering of packet flows over its constituent SR Policies. For
convenience, the composite candidate path formed by the combination
of SR policies is called Parent SR policy.
This document describes SR Policy Group in MPLS and IPv6
environments and illustrates some use cases for parent SR policy and
SR Policy Group to provide best practice cases for operators.
2. Terminology
The definitions of the basic terms are identical to those found in
Segment Routing Architecture [RFC8402], Segment Routing Policy
Architecture [RFC9256].
SR policy As described in [RFC9256], the general concept of SR
Policy provides a framework that enables the instantiation of an
ordered list of segments on a node for implementing a source routing
policy for the steering of traffic for a specific purpose (e.g., for
a specific Service Level Agreement (SLA)) from that node. An SR
Policy is a forwarding path that meets the specified forwarding
requirements.
Parent SR Policy A Parent SR Policy is the composite candidate path
that acts as a container for grouping SR policies which meet
different service optimization objectives and constraints and have
the same destination endpoint.
SR Policy Group: An SR policy Group is an instantiation of a group
of constituent Parent SR Policies to different destination endpoints
with the same service forwarding model. It establishes the mapping
relationship between the flow characteristics and the color value of
the SR Policy, and guide the flows with different SLA requirements
to the SR Policy with different colors.
3. Parent SR Policy
An SR Policy is associated with one or more candidate paths.
According to section 2.2 of [RFC9256] a parent SR policy is the
composite candidate path that acts as a container for grouping SR
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policies. The parent SR policy is valid when it has at least one
valid constituent SR policy.
As defined in [RFC9256], the endpoints of the constituent SR
Policies and the parent SR policy MUST be identical, and the colors
of each of the constituent SR Policies and the parent SR policy MUST
be different. Parent SR policy and its constituent SR Policies
follow the same criteria:
* The endpoints of the constituent SR Policies and its parent SR
policy MUST be identical.
* The colors of each of the constituent SR Policies and its parent
SR policy MUST be different.
* The constituent SR Policies MUST NOT contain parent SR policy.
As a special SR policy, parent SR policy also has color attribute,
which is identified by <color, endpoint> on the headend.
If a parent SR policy has at least one valid constituent SR Policy
of specified color, flow load-balance steer over its valid
constituent SR policies with the same color. When all constituent SR
policies of specified color are invalid, packets can be forwarded
based on a preconfigured default forwarding path (such as a BE path,
an SR policy path, or a composite SR policy path of another color).
The parent SR Policy can be well used for the following scenarios
* Point-to-point leased line customers have multiple services.
* These services need to be forwarded through different SR policy
paths with different SLAs.
4. SR Policy Group
An SR policy Group is an instantiation of a group of constituent
Parent SR Policies to different destination endpoints with the same
service forwarding model and represents a composite candidate path
defined in [RFC9256]. It implements a source routing policy to steer
the service traffic from different source endpoints for a specific
purpose (e.g., for a specific SLA). Based on the Parent SR policy
described in Section 3, a SR Policy Group can be built.
According to the service quality requirements, a unified service
forwarding model is planned for nodes to determine the forwarding
path of service flow. The traffic with the same service forwarding
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model from different source endpoints to different destination
endpoints uses the same SR Policy Group.
An SR Policy Group is identified by <color, endpoint> on the
headend, same with an SR Policy. The color is an unsigned non-zero
32-bit integer value that associates the SR Policy Group with a
service forwarding model (e.g., A set of SLA attributes). Different
service qualities use different Color values.
The color value identifying the SR Policy Group corresponds to the
Color attribute of the BGP route published by the endpoint. The
destination endpoint publishes the BGP route and indicates which SR
Policy Group path the headend should use to send packets to it
through the Color attribute in the route.
In the Policy Group, establish the mapping relationship between the
flow characteristics and the color value of the SR Policy path, and
guide the service flows with different SLA requirements to the SR
Policy path with different colors.
In a multi-site VPN scenario, there are multiple service types of
traffic between each two nodes, and these traffics need to be
forwarded on SR policy paths with different SLA. Through SR Policy
Group, deployment can be simplified and the problem of complex
configuration in multi-point scenarios can be effectively solved.
5. Steering into SR Policy Group
A headend can steer a packet flow into a SR policy group in various
ways:
* Per-flow Steering: Specify the mapping relationship between
color and flow characteristics (such as DSCP) for SR policy
group, and create a parent SR Policy that binds a specified
destination endpoint address on the ingress node according the
SR policy group. Upon receiving a packet with the specified
destination address, the ingress node searches for the SR
policy containing the color value mapped to the flow
characteristics of the packet in the parent SR policy. The
ingress node will use the matching SR policy to forward the
packet.
The ingress node obtains a parent SR policy for traffic
steering as follows:
- The destination endpoint publishes a BGP route with the
specified Color extended community attribute.
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- Get the color extended community attribute in the received
BGP route.
- Match the color attribute value of the received BGP route
with the SR Policy Group.
- Searches for a SR Policy Group with color matching the color
extended community attribute.
- Searches for a Parent SR Policy with endpoint address
matching the next hop in the BGP route, and recurses the BGP
route to the parent SR policy.
The Ingress node can match flow characteristics in its ingress
interfaces (upon any field such as Ethernet
destination/source/VLAN/TOS or IP destination/source/DSCP or
transport ports or application attribute etc.) and color them
with an internal per-packet forwarding-class variable.
According to the forwarding-class variable the ingress node
selects the matching SR policy in the parent SR policy.
* Policy-based Steering: incoming packets match a routing policy
that directs them on a parent SR policy. Parse the flow
characteristics (such as DSCP/802.1p value) from the packet
header, find its corresponding color, and then match it to an
SR policy in the parent SR policy, forward the incoming packets
through the matched SR policy.
An SR Policy Group can be instantiated with SR Policies which are
associated with different set of network resources (i.e., NRPs).
Based on SR Policy Group, it is also a network slice deployment
scheme for single user and multiple services. When different
services are forwarded through different SR policy paths, different
network resources can be used. After associating the SR policy with
the network slice, different network slices can be used for
forwarding different traffic of the same user.
When all the constituent SR policies in the parent SR policy are not
valid, or all the selected paths of the SR policy are unavailable,
the service traffic will not be forwarded according to the specified
path. At this time, the best-effort forwarding path can be
configured for the parent SR policy, and the endpoints through which
traffic forwarding must pass can be designed in the best-effort
forwarding path.
During network deployment, the best-effort forwarding path can be a
SR policy path, an BE forwarding path, or a composite SR policy path
of another color. Specify a best-effort forwarding path in the
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parent SR policy. When all specified candidate paths are invalid, or
the mapping relationship corresponding to their service type is not
matched in the parent SR policy, select the default best-effort path
forwarding.
6. Relationship Sorting
An SR Policy Group is associated with one or more constituent Parent
SR Policies. The hierarchical relationship between SR policy group,
Parent SR policy and SR policy is shown in the figure below.
Paths for different
Service forwarding SLAs
model to specified +-----------------+
endpoint | SR Policy POL1 |
+------------+ +---->| (Service-1) |
| Parent SR | | | (Color=100,E2) |
+-->|Policy PP-1 | | +-----------------+
| |(Color=1,E1)| | +-----------------+
| +------------+ | | SR Policy POL2 |
Service | +------------+ |---->| (Service-2) |
forwarding model | | Parent SR | | | (Color=200,E2) |
+---------+ |-->|Policy PP-2 +--->+ +-----------------+
|SR Policy| | |(Color=1,E2)| | +-----------------+
| Group +--->| +------------+ | | SR Policy POL3 |
| PG-1 | | +------------+ | | (Service-3) |
|(Color=1)| | | Parent SR | |---->| (Color=300,E2) |
+---------+ |-->|Policy PP-3 | | +-----------------+
| |(Color=1,E3)| | .
| +------------+ | .
| . | +-----------------+
| . | | SR Policy POLm |
| +------------+ +---->| (Service-m) |
| | Parent SR | | (Color=XXX,E2) |
+-->|Policy PP-n | +-----------------+
|(Color=1,En)|
+------------+
Figure 1 Hierarchical Relationship of SR Policy
The parent SR policy can be generated through static configuration,
or dynamically generated when the destination endpoint accesses
based on the service forwarding requirements specified by the SR
policy group.
The following criteria apply for inclusion of constituent Parent SR
Policies under a SR Policy Group:
* A SR Policy Group contains one or more Parent SR policies.
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* The colors of SR Policy group and its each constituent Parent SR
Policy MUST be identical.
* The colors of SR Policy group and its each constituent SR Policy
of echo constituent Parent SR Policies MUST be different.
* There can only be one Parent SR Policy with the same source
endpoint and the same destination endpoint in the SR Policy group.
7. Information Model of SR Policy Group
In summary, the information model is the following:
SR Policy Group PG-1 <Color = 1>
Parent SR Policy PP-1<Color = 1, Endpoint = E1>
Service Service-1 mapping-to color 100
Service Service-2 mapping-to color 200
Service Service-3 mapping-to color 300
SR Policy POL1 <Headend = H1, Color = 100, Endpoint = E1>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 1>
Preference 200
Priority 10
Segment List 1 <SID11...SID1i>
SR Policy POL2 <Headend = H1, Color = 200, Endpoint = E1>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 2>
Preference 200
Priority 10
Segment List 1 <SID21...SID2i>
SR Policy POL3 <Headend = H1, Color = 300, Endpoint = E1>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 3>
Preference 200
Priority 10
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Segment List 1 <SID31...SID3i>
Parent SR Policy PP-2<Color = 1, Endpoint = E2>
Service Service-1 mapping-to color 100
Service Service-2 mapping-to color 200
Service Service-3 mapping-to color 300
SR Policy POL4 <Headend = H1, Color = 100, Endpoint = E2>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 4>
Preference 200
Priority 10
Segment List 1 <SID41...SID4i>
SR Policy POL5 <Headend = H1, Color = 200, Endpoint = E2>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 5>
Preference 200
Priority 10
Segment List 1 <SID51...SID5i>
SR Policy POL6 <Headend = H1, Color = 300, Endpoint = E1>
Candidate Path CP1 <Protocol-Origin = 20, Originator =
64511:192.0.2.1, Discriminator = 6>
Preference 200
Priority 10
Segment List 1 <SID61...SID6i>
The SR Policy Group PG-1 is identified by color. It has two
constituent Parent SR Policies: PP-1 and PP-2. Each is identified
by a tuple <Headend, Color, Endpoint>.
The SR Parent Policy PP-1 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1,
Color = 1, Endpoint = E1>. It has three constituent SR Policies: SR
Policy POL1 SR Policy POL2 and SR Policy POL3.
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The SR Policy POL1 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
100, Endpoint = E1>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
The SR Policy POL2 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
200, Endpoint = E1>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
The SR Policy POL3 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
300, Endpoint = E1>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
The SR Parent Policy PP-2 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1,
Color = 1, Endpoint = E2>. It has three constituent SR Policies: SR
Policy POL4 SR Policy POL5 and SR Policy POL6.
The SR Policy POL4 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
100, Endpoint = E2>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
The SR Policy POL2 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
200, Endpoint = E2>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
The SR Policy POL6 is identified by the tuple <Headend = H1, Color =
300, Endpoint = E2>. It has one candidate paths: CP1.
According to the service forwarding quality requirements, three
forwarding paths (Color 100, 200, and 300) are planned.
The service forwarding model of PP-1 is adopted for the destination
endpoint E1. According to service characteristics services to E1 are
divided into three categories: service-1, service-2, and service-3.
The service-1 service is forwarded according to the SR Policy POL1
path of Color 100. The service-2 service is forwarded according to
the SR Policy POL2 path of Color 200. The services of service-3 are
forwarded according to the SR Policy POL3 path of Color 300.
The destination endpoint E2 also uses the same service forwarding
model. The traffic to E2 is differentiated in the same way, and the
traffic is sent to E2 according to the SR policy path of Color 100,
200, and 300.
8. Use Cases
8.1. Parent SR Policy in L3VPN over TE Scenarios
In Figure 2, CE1 and CE2 belong to the same L3VPN and access the
public network through PE1 and PE2 respectively. There are many
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kinds of traffic between CE1 and CE2. When the ordinary traffic is
too large, the forwarding of important traffic will be affected.
In order to ensure the forwarding quality of important services, the
steering based on Forwarding class can be configured using parent SR
policy. After the steering based on forwarding class is configured,
the traffic of different service levels will be carried by the
specified SR policy tunnel, which can effectively ensure the
forwarding quality of important services with high service levels.
+----+
+--| P3 |--+
| +----+ |
| |
+-----+ +-----+ +----+ +----+ +-----+ +-----+
| CE1 |---| PE1 |---| P1 |----| P2 |----| PE2 |---| CE2 |
+-----+ +-----+ +----+ +----+ +-----+ +-----+
| |
|<===========================>|
Parent SR Policy
Figure 2 L3VPN over TE Scenario
It is assumed that in this network, the parent SR policy contains
three constituent policies: Policy-A, Policy-B and Policy-C.
Services with different forwarding class will carry different DSCP
values in the packet. Identify the customer's service through DSCP
on PE1. The voice traffic of VIP customers is forwarded according to
the path of low-delay Policy-A, other traffic of VIP customers is
forwarded according to the path of Policy-B, and all businesses of
non-VIP customers are carried by Policy-C.
8.2. SR Policy Group in Multi-VPN Tenants Scenarios
In the L3VPN over TE application scenario shown in Figure 3, multi-
VPN tenants are connected to the SRv6 network. Controller defines SR
Policy Group for each VPN tenant to achieve different forwarding
path resource between tenants.
Different VPNs use different SR Policy Groups with different colors.
The ingress node generates different parent SRv6 policies as
required according to the destination endpoint address dynamically.
Since user's traffic of different services between two endpoints has
different requirements for forwarding quality, identify the service
type according to the DSCP of the packet, and steer the flow to the
corresponding SR Policy path. The path constituting the SR Policy is
calculated by the controller and distributed to the ingress node.
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+------------+
| Controller |
+------------+
/ \
/ \
----. / \ .----.
( VPN1 )\ / \ /( VPN1 )
'----' \ +---+ +---+ +---+ +---+ / '----'
+ A +-----+ B +-----+ C +-----+ D +
/+-+-+ +-+-+ +-+-+ +-+-+
.----. / | | | |
( VPN2 )/ | | | | .----.
'----' | | | | /( VPN1 )
+-+-+ +-+-+ +-+-+ +-+-+ / '----'
+ E |-----+ F +-----+ G +-----+ H +
.----. / +---+ +---+ +-+-+ +---+ \ .----.
( VPN2 )/ \( VPN2 )
'----' '----'
Figure 3 L3VPN over TE application scenario
VPN1 uses SR Policy group 1 identified by Color 100. Plan the
forwarding path for VPN1 traffic, and allocate different sets of
network resources for forwarding paths as blow:
* Service-1: Voice service. Low delay forwarding is required, and
the DSCP range of the packet is 1~10. The controller calculates
the low delay path for the voice traffic, and maps the DSCP 1~10
to Color 500. The voice traffic is forwarded through the
constituent SR policy (Color 500) of the Parent SRv6 Policy (Color
100) corresponding to VPN1.
* Service-2: Video service. The DSCP range of the packet is 11~20,
and low delay is not required. However, compared with the traffic
of ordinary users, the Video traffic should be forwarded first.
The controller calculates the SR Policy path and maps the DSCP
11~20 to Color 501. Video traffic is forwarded along the
constituent SR policy (Color 501) of the Parent SRv6 policy (color
100) corresponding to VPN1.
* Service-3: Non voice and video services. Low latency forwarding
and priority forwarding are not required. The controller
calculates the SR Policy path and maps all DSCP values outside the
range of 1 to 20 to Color 502. Non voice and video traffic is
forwarded along the constituent SR policy (Color 502) of the
Parent SRv6 policy (color 100) corresponding to VPN1.
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SRv6 Network
+-------------------+
.-------. | | .-------.
/ \ <==|=====Service-1=====|==> / \
( VPN1 )<==|=====Service-2=====|==> ( VPN1 )
\ / <==|=====Service-3=====|==> \ /
'-------' | | '-------'
| SR Policy Group 1 |
| (Color 100) |
+-------------------+
Figure 4 SR Policy Group for VPN1
The traffic of VPN1 from A to D of Service-1 will be forwarded based
on the SR policy (Headend=A, Color=500, Endpoint=D) of Parent SR
policy (Color=100, Endpoint=D) of SR Policy Group1.
Similarly, the traffic of VPN1 from A to H of Service-1 will be
forwarded based on the SR policy (Headend=A, Color=500, Endpoint=H)
of Parent SR policy (Color=100, Endpoint=H) of SR Policy Group1.
VPN2 uses SR Policy Group 2 identified by Color 101. Plan the
forwarding path for VPN2 traffic. Different sets of network
resources are further allocated for the forwarding paths as blow:
* Service-4: Voice service. Low latency forwarding is required. The
DSCP range of the packet is 1 to 10. The controller calculates the
low delay path for voice service and maps the DSCP 1~10 to Color
600. The voice traffic is forwarded through the constituent SR
policy (Color 600) of the Parent SRv6 Policy (color 101)
corresponding to VPN2.
* Service-5: Non voice services. No special forwarding quality
requirements. The controller calculates the SR Policy path and
maps all DSCP values outside the range of 1 to 10 to Color 601.
Non voice service messages are forwarded along the constituent SR
policy (Color 601) of the Parent SR policy (color 101)
corresponding to VPN2.
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SRv6 Network
+-------------------+
.-------. | | .-------.
/ \ <==|=====Service-4=====|==> / \
( VPN2 ) | | ( VPN2 )
\ / <==|=====Service-5=====|==> \ /
'-------' | | '-------'
| SR Policy Group 2 |
| (Color 101) |
+-------------------+
Figure 5 SR Policy Group for VPN2
The traffic of VPN2 from A to H of Service-4 will be forwarded based
on the SR policy (Headend=A, Color=600, Endpoint=H) of Parent SR
policy (Color=101, Endpoint=H) of SR Policy Group2.
Similarly, the traffic of VPN2 from A to E of Service-1 will be
forwarded based on the SR policy (Headend=A, Color=600, Endpoint=E)
of Parent SR policy (Color=101, Endpoint=E) of SR Policy Group1.
Because there are many access endpoints and each endpoint may act as
an ingress node, compared with the traditional method of
distributing service forwarding policies on each ingress node, the
above SR Policy Group can greatly simplify the configuration of VPN
access endpoints and effectively improve the efficiency of network
deployment and operation and maintenance.
For reliability reasons, a default best-effort forwarding path can
also be configured for each VPN tenant. If all the SR policy
forwarding paths of the SR policy group are invalid, the default
path can be used. The endpoints through which traffic forwarding
must pass can be designed in the default path.
9. IANA Considerations
This document has no IANA actions.
10. Security Considerations
This document presents use cases to be considered by the deployment
of SR Policy. It does not introduce any security considerations.
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11. References
11.1. Normative References
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, DOI
10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC9256] Filsfils, C., Talaulikar, K., Voyer, D., Bogdanov, A., and
P. Mattes, "Segment Routing Policy Architecture", RFC9256,
DOI 10.17487/RFC9256, July 2022, <https://www.rfc-
editor.org/info/rfc9256>.
[RFC8402] Filsfils, C., Ed., Previdi, S., Ed., Ginsberg, L.,
Decraene, B., Litkowski, S., and R. Shakir, "Segment
Routing Architecture", RFC 8402, DOI 10.17487/RFC8402,
July 2018, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8402>.
[I-D.ietf-idr-segment-routing-te-policy] Previdi, S., Filsfils, C.,
Talaulikar, K., Mattes, P., Rosen, E., Jain, D., and S.
Lin, "Advertising Segment Routing Policies in BGP", draft-
ietf-idr-segment-routing-te-policy-20 (work in progress),
July 2022.
11.2. Informative References
TBD
12. Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the following for their valuable
contributions of this document:
TBD
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Authors' Addresses
Weiqiang Cheng
China Mobile
china
Email: chengweiqiang@chinamobile.com
Wenying Jiang
China Mobile
China
Email: jiangwenying@chinamobile.com
Changwang Lin
New H3C Technologies
china
Email: linchangwang.04414@h3c.com
Yuanxiang Qiu
New H3C Technologies
China
Email: qiuyuanxiang@h3c.com
YaWei Zhang
Huawei Technologies
China
Email: zhangyawei@huawei.com
Ran Chen
ZTE Corporation
China
Email: chen.ran@zte.com.cn
Yanrong Liang
Ruijie Networks
China
Email: liangyanrong@ruijie.com.cn
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