Network Working Group S. Hollenbeck
Internet-Draft VeriSign, Inc.
Expires: April 22, 2005 October 22, 2004
Domain Name System (DNS) Security Extensions Mapping for the
Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
draft-hollenbeck-epp-secdns-05.txt
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2004).
Abstract
This document describes an Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)
extension mapping for the provisioning and management of Domain Name
System (DNS) security extensions for domain names stored in a shared
central repository. Specified in XML, this mapping extends the EPP
domain name mapping to provide additional features required for the
provisioning of DNS security extensions.
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Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.1 Conventions Used In This Document . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Object Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2.1 Public Key Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2 Signature Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.3 Delegation Signer Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.4 Dates and Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 Date-Time Durations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.6 Booleans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. EPP Command Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1 EPP Query Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1.1 EPP <check> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1.2 EPP <info> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
3.1.3 EPP <transfer> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 EPP Transform Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.1 EPP <create> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2.2 EPP <delete> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2.3 EPP <renew> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2.4 EPP <transfer> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
3.2.5 EPP <update> Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4. Formal Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5. Internationalization Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
9.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
9.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . 27
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1. Introduction
This document describes an extension mapping for version 1.0 of the
Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) described in RFC 3730 [1].
This mapping, an extension of the domain name mapping described in
RFC 3731 [2], is specified using the Extensible Markup Language (XML)
1.0 [3] and XML Schema notation ([4], [5]).
The EPP core protocol specification [1] provides a complete
description of EPP command and response structures. A thorough
understanding of the base protocol specification is necessary to
understand the mapping described in this document. Familiarity with
the DNS described in RFC 1034 [12] and RFC 1035 [13], and DNS
security extensions described in RFC 3008 [14], RFC 3090 [15], RFC
TBD1 [6], and RFC TBD2 [7] is required to understand the DNS security
concepts described in this document.
The EPP mapping described in this document specifies a mechanism for
the provisioning and management of DNS security extensions in a
shared central repository. Information exchanged via this mapping
can be extracted from the repository and used to publish DNS resource
records as described in RFC 3658 [8] and RFC TBD2 [7].
1.1 Conventions Used In This Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, RFC 2119 [9].
In examples, "C:" represents lines sent by a protocol client and "S:"
represents lines returned by a protocol server. "////" is used to
note element values that have been shortened to better fit page
boundaries. Indentation and white space in examples is provided only
to illustrate element relationships and is not a REQUIRED feature of
this protocol.
XML is case sensitive. Unless stated otherwise, XML specifications
and examples provided in this document MUST be interpreted in the
character case presented to develop a conforming implementation.
2. Object Attributes
This extension adds additional elements to the EPP domain name
mapping [2]. Only new element descriptions are described here.
This document describes update scenarios in which a client can create
an initial set of key or delegation signer information, add new key
or delegation signer information to a set, remove key or delegation
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signer information from a set, and replace existing key or delegation
signer information. Key or delegation signer set replacement vs.
adding and removing individual keys might be a matter of server
operator policy or the subject of another document.
2.1 Public Key Information
Public key information is sent to the server so that the server can
sign RRs published in a zone managed by the server operator using a
zone-level key. A server operator SHOULD NOT sign any key provided
by a client without cryptographically confirming that the client
possesses the private key associated with the public key.
Clients can send information describing multiple keys to a server.
Each key element MUST be accompanied by a corresponding signature
element when adding keys to a set.
Public key information provided by a client maps to the DNSKEY RR
presentation field formats described in section 2.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A DNSKEY RR contains four fields: flags, a protocol octet, an
algorithm number octet, and a public key.
2.2 Signature Information
Signature information is sent to the server to prove that the client
(or an entity for whom the client is acting as agent) has the private
key corresponding to the public key and that the key has not been
modified while in transit. It allows the server to do basic error
checking as part of the provisioning process.
Clients can send information describing multiple signatures to a
server. Each signature element MUST correspond to a key element when
adding keys to a set. The signature value in each signature element
MUST cover all of the keys in the given set.
Signature information provided by a client maps to the RRSIG RR
presentation field formats described in section 3.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
An RRSIG RR contains nine fields: a "type covered" field, an
algorithm number octet, a labels octet, an original TTL field, a
signature expiration field, a signature inception field, a key tag
field, a signer's name field, and a signature field.
2.3 Delegation Signer Information
Delegation signer (DS) information is published by the server to
indicate that a delegated zone is digitally signed and that the
delegation zone recognizes the indicated key as a valid zone key for
the delegated zone. A DS RR contains four fields: a key tag field, a
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KEY algorithm number octet, an octet identifying the digest algorithm
used, and a digest field. See RFC 3658 [8] for specific field
formats.
This document describes two DS provisioning mechanisms. The
RECOMMENDED mechanism is one in which the information needed to
publish DS RRs is derived by the server from key and signature
information provided by the client. This provisioning mechanism
minimizes client complexity and ensures that there is no DS version
conflict between the client and server, minimizing or eliminating
client-server DS errors.
It is worth noting, though, that there are other DS provisioning
options. One option that is supported in this specification is for
the client to generate and send only DS information to the server.
This option is the simplest for the server to implement, though more
complex for the client because the client is responsible for
generating the DS information. The server has no means of detecting
errors in the data provided by the client prior to publishing the DS
information. Another option that is not supported in this
specification is for the client to send DS information, DNSKEY
information, and RRSIG information to the server. This option is
verbose and does nothing to reduce the client-server error rate, but
it does provide the server with enough information to detect DS
errors before they appear in a zone.
A client MUST consistently use one provisioning mechanism. There are
no features in this specification to support operation of both of the
documented provisioning mechanisms at the same time.
2.4 Dates and Times
Date and time attribute values MUST be represented in Universal
Coordinated Time (UTC) using the Gregorian calendar. The extended
date-time form using upper case "T" and "Z" characters defined in RFC
3339 [10] MUST be used to represent date-time values as XML Schema
does not support truncated date-time forms or lower case "T" and "Z"
characters.
2.5 Date-Time Durations
Duration attribute values MUST be represented in the XML Schema
format described in Part 2 of the W3C XML Schema recommendation [5].
2.6 Booleans
Boolean values MUST be represented in the XML Schema format described
in Part 2 of the W3C XML Schema recommendation [5].
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3. EPP Command Mapping
A detailed description of the EPP syntax and semantics can be found
in the EPP core protocol specification [1]. The command mappings
described here are specifically for use in provisioning and managing
DNS security extensions via EPP.
3.1 EPP Query Commands
EPP provides three commands to retrieve object information: <check>
to determine if an object is known to the server, <info> to retrieve
detailed information associated with an object, and <transfer> to
retrieve object transfer status information.
3.1.1 EPP <check> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <check> command
or <check> response described in the EPP domain mapping [2].
3.1.2 EPP <info> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <info> command
described in the EPP domain mapping [2]. Additional elements are
defined for the <info> response.
When an <info> command has been processed successfully, the EPP
<resData> element MUST contain child elements as described in the EPP
domain mapping [2]. In addition, the EPP <extension> element MUST
contain a child <secDNS:infData> element that identifies the
extension namespace and the location of the extension schema. The
<secDNS:infData> element contains the following child elements:
One or more <secDNS:keyData> elements or one or more
<secDNS:dsData> elements that describe the type of data provided
by the client for the domain. The <secDNS:keyData> element
contains the following child elements:
A <secDNS:flags> element that contains a flags field value as
described in sections 2.1.1 and 2.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:protocol> element that contains a protocol field
value as described in sections 2.1.2 and 2.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:alg> element that contains an algorithm number field
value as described in sections 2.1.3 and 2.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:pubKey> element that contains an encoded public key
field value as described in sections 2.1.4 and 2.2 of RFC TBD2
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[7].
An OPTIONAL <secDNS:vInterval> element indicates a client's
preference for the validity interval of the signature to be
generated by the parent. If the <secDNS:vInterval> is not
specified by the client, the default signing policy of the
server operator (as determined using an out-of-band mechanism)
applies.
The <secDNS:sig> element that contains data describing the
digital signature calculated by the client for the associated
key. The <secDNS:sig> element contains the following child
elements:
A <secDNS:type> element that contains a "type covered" field
value as described in sections 3.1.1 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2
[7].
A <secDNS:alg> element that contains an algorithm number
field value as described in sections 3.1.2 and 3.2 of RFC
TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:labels> element that contains a labels field value
as described in sections 3.1.3 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:origTTL> element that contains an original TTL
field value as described in sections 3.1.4 and 3.2 of RFC
TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:sDate> element that contains a date-time value
describing the start of the signature's validity period as
described in sections 3.1.5 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:eDate> element that contains a date-time value
describing the end of the signature's validity period as
described in sections 3.1.5 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:keyTag> element that contains a key tag field
value as described in sections 3.1.6 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2
[7].
A <secDNS:signerName> element that contains a signer name
field value as described in sections 3.1.7 and 3.2 of RFC
TBD2 [7].
A <secDNS:sigVal> element that contains a signature field
value as described in sections 3.1.8 and 3.2 of RFC TBD2
[7].
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The <secDNS:dsData> element contains delegation signer information
originally provided by the client for a secured delegation. If
present, the <secDNS:dsData> element contains the following child
elements:
A <secDNS:keyTag> element that contains a key tag value as
described in section 2.4 of RFC 3658 [8].
A <secDNS:alg> element that contains an algorithm value as
described in section 2.4 of RFC 3658 [8].
A <secDNS:digestType> element that contains a digest type value
as described in section 2.4 of RFC 3658 [8].
A <secDNS:digest> element that contains a digest value as
described in section 2.4 of RFC 3658 [8].
A <secDNS:sDate> element that indicates a client's preferred
start date for use of this data to create DNS security
extension resource records in the zone administered by the
server operator.
A <secDNS:eDate> element that indicates a client's preferred
end date for use of this data to create DNS security extension
resource records in the zone administered by the server
operator.
An OPTIONAL <secDNS:vInterval> element indicates a client's
preference for the validity interval of the signature to be
generated by the parent. If the <secDNS:vInterval> is not
specified by the client, the default signing policy of the
server operator (as determined using an out-of-band mechanism)
applies.
Example <info> Response for a Secure Delegation with Key Data:
S:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
S:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
S: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
S: epp-1.0.xsd">
S: <response>
S: <result code="1000">
S: <msg>Command completed successfully</msg>
S: </result>
S: <resData>
S: <domain:infData
S: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
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S: domain-1.0.xsd">
S: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
S: <domain:roid>EXAMPLE1-REP</domain:roid>
S: <domain:status s="ok"/>
S: <domain:registrant>jd1234</domain:registrant>
S: <domain:contact type="admin">sh8013</domain:contact>
S: <domain:contact type="tech">sh8013</domain:contact>
S: <domain:ns>
S: <domain:hostObj>ns1.example.com</domain:hostObj>
S: <domain:hostObj>ns2.example.com</domain:hostObj>
S: </domain:ns>
S: <domain:host>ns1.example.com</domain:host>
S: <domain:host>ns2.example.com</domain:host>
S: <domain:clID>ClientX</domain:clID>
S: <domain:crID>ClientY</domain:crID>
S: <domain:crDate>1999-04-03T22:00:00.0Z</domain:crDate>
S: <domain:upID>ClientX</domain:upID>
S: <domain:upDate>1999-12-03T09:00:00.0Z</domain:upDate>
S: <domain:exDate>2005-04-03T22:00:00.0Z</domain:exDate>
S: <domain:trDate>2000-04-08T09:00:00.0Z</domain:trDate>
S: <domain:authInfo>
S: <domain:pw>2fooBAR</domain:pw>
S: </domain:authInfo>
S: </domain:infData>
S: </resData>
S: <extension>
S: <secDNS:infData
S: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
S: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
S: <secDNS:keyData>
S: <secDNS:flags>256</secDNS:flags>
S: <secDNS:protocol>3</secDNS:protocol>
S: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
S: <secDNS:pubKey>AQPJ////4Q==</secDNS:pubKey>
S: <secDNS:vInterval>P7D</secDNS:vInterval>
S: <secDNS:sig>
S: <secDNS:type>DNSKEY</secDNS:type>
S: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
S: <secDNS:labels>2</secDNS:labels>
S: <secDNS:origTTL>172800</secDNS:origTTL>
S: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-14T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
S: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-12T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
S: <secDNS:keyTag>14845</secDNS:keyTag>
S: <secDNS:signerName>example.com</secDNS:signerName>
S: <secDNS:sigVal>AzHp////hp4=</secDNS:sigVal>
S: </secDNS:sig>
S: </secDNS:keyData>
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S: </secDNS:infData>
S: </extension>
S: <trID>
S: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
S: <svTRID>54322-XYZ</svTRID>
S: </trID>
S: </response>
S:</epp>
Example <info> Response for a Secure Delegation with DS Data:
S:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
S:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
S: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
S: epp-1.0.xsd">
S: <response>
S: <result code="1000">
S: <msg>Command completed successfully</msg>
S: </result>
S: <resData>
S: <domain:infData
S: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
S: domain-1.0.xsd">
S: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
S: <domain:roid>EXAMPLE1-REP</domain:roid>
S: <domain:status s="ok"/>
S: <domain:registrant>jd1234</domain:registrant>
S: <domain:contact type="admin">sh8013</domain:contact>
S: <domain:contact type="tech">sh8013</domain:contact>
S: <domain:ns>
S: <domain:hostObj>ns1.example.com</domain:hostObj>
S: <domain:hostObj>ns2.example.com</domain:hostObj>
S: </domain:ns>
S: <domain:host>ns1.example.com</domain:host>
S: <domain:host>ns2.example.com</domain:host>
S: <domain:clID>ClientX</domain:clID>
S: <domain:crID>ClientY</domain:crID>
S: <domain:crDate>1999-04-03T22:00:00.0Z</domain:crDate>
S: <domain:upID>ClientX</domain:upID>
S: <domain:upDate>1999-12-03T09:00:00.0Z</domain:upDate>
S: <domain:exDate>2005-04-03T22:00:00.0Z</domain:exDate>
S: <domain:trDate>2000-04-08T09:00:00.0Z</domain:trDate>
S: <domain:authInfo>
S: <domain:pw>2fooBAR</domain:pw>
S: </domain:authInfo>
S: </domain:infData>
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S: </resData>
S: <extension>
S: <secDNS:infData
S: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
S: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
S: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
S: <secDNS:dsData>
S: <secDNS:keyTag>12345</secDNS:keyTag>
S: <secDNS:alg>3</secDNS:alg>
S: <secDNS:digestType>1</secDNS:digestType>
S: <secDNS:digest>49FD46E6C4B45C55D4AC</secDNS:digest>
S: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-14T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
S: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-12T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
S: <secDNS:vInterval>P7D</secDNS:vInterval>
S: </secDNS:dsData>
S: </secDNS:infData>
S: </extension>
S: <trID>
S: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
S: <svTRID>54322-XYZ</svTRID>
S: </trID>
S: </response>
S:</epp>
An EPP error response MUST be returned if an <info> command can not
be processed for any reason.
3.1.3 EPP <transfer> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <transfer>
command or <transfer> response described in the EPP domain mapping
[2].
3.2 EPP Transform Commands
EPP provides five commands to transform objects: <create> to create
an instance of an object, <delete> to delete an instance of an
object, <renew> to extend the validity period of an object,
<transfer> to manage object sponsorship changes, and <update> to
change information associated with an object.
3.2.1 EPP <create> Command
This extension defines additional elements for the EPP <create>
command described in the EPP domain mapping [2]. No additional
elements are defined for the EPP <create> response.
The EPP <create> command provides a transform operation that allows a
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client to create a domain object. In addition to the EPP command
elements described in the EPP domain mapping [2], the command MUST
contain an <extension> element. The <extension> element MUST contain
a child <secDNS:create> element that identifies the extension
namespace and the location of the extension schema. The
<secDNS:create> element MUST contain either one or more
<secDNS:keyData> elements or one or more <secDNS:dsData> elements.
Child elements of the <secDNS:keyData> element and the
<secDNS:dsData> element are described in Section 3.1.2.
Example <create> Command for a Secure Delegation with Key Data:
C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <create>
C: <domain:create
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
C: <domain:period unit="y">2</domain:period>
C: <domain:ns>
C: <domain:hostObj>ns1.example.com</domain:hostObj>
C: <domain:hostObj>ns2.example.com</domain:hostObj>
C: </domain:ns>
C: <domain:registrant>jd1234</domain:registrant>
C: <domain:contact type="admin">sh8013</domain:contact>
C: <domain:contact type="tech">sh8013</domain:contact>
C: <domain:authInfo>
C: <domain:pw>2fooBAR</domain:pw>
C: </domain:authInfo>
C: </domain:create>
C: </create>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:create
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:keyData>
C: <secDNS:flags>256</secDNS:flags>
C: <secDNS:protocol>3</secDNS:protocol>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:pubKey>AQPJ////4Q==</secDNS:pubKey>
C: <secDNS:vInterval>P7D</secDNS:vInterval>
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C: <secDNS:sig>
C: <secDNS:type>DNSKEY</secDNS:type>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:labels>2</secDNS:labels>
C: <secDNS:origTTL>172800</secDNS:origTTL>
C: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-14T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
C: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-12T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>14845</secDNS:keyTag>
C: <secDNS:signerName>example.com</secDNS:signerName>
C: <secDNS:sigVal>AzHp////hp4=</secDNS:sigVal>
C: </secDNS:sig>
C: </secDNS:keyData>
C: </secDNS:create>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
Example <create> Command for a Secure Delegation with DS Data:
C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <create>
C: <domain:create
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
C: <domain:period unit="y">2</domain:period>
C: <domain:ns>
C: <domain:hostObj>ns1.example.com</domain:hostObj>
C: <domain:hostObj>ns2.example.com</domain:hostObj>
C: </domain:ns>
C: <domain:registrant>jd1234</domain:registrant>
C: <domain:contact type="admin">sh8013</domain:contact>
C: <domain:contact type="tech">sh8013</domain:contact>
C: <domain:authInfo>
C: <domain:pw>2fooBAR</domain:pw>
C: </domain:authInfo>
C: </domain:create>
C: </create>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:create
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
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C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:dsData>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>12345</secDNS:keyTag>
C: <secDNS:alg>3</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:digestType>1</secDNS:digestType>
C: <secDNS:digest>49FD46E6C4B45C55D4AC</secDNS:digest>
C: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-14T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
C: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-12T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
C: <secDNS:vInterval>P7D</secDNS:vInterval>
C: </secDNS:dsData>
C: </secDNS:create>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
When a <create> command has been processed successfully, the EPP
response is as described in the EPP domain mapping [2].
3.2.2 EPP <delete> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <delete> command
or <delete> response described in the EPP domain mapping [2].
3.2.3 EPP <renew> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <renew> command
or <renew> response described in the EPP domain mapping [2].
3.2.4 EPP <transfer> Command
This extension does not add any elements to the EPP <transfer>
command or <transfer> response described in the EPP domain mapping
[2].
3.2.5 EPP <update> Command
This extension defines additional elements for the EPP <update>
command described in the EPP domain mapping [2]. No additional
elements are defined for the EPP <update> response.
The EPP <update> command provides a transform operation that allows a
client to modify the attributes of a domain object. In addition to
the EPP command elements described in the EPP domain mapping, the
command MUST contain an <extension> element. The <extension> element
MUST contain a child <secDNS:update> element that identifies the
extension namespace and the location of the extension schema. The
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<secDNS:update> element contains a <secDNS:add> element to add
security information to a delegation, a <secDNS:rem> element to
remove security information from a delegation, or a <secDNS:chg>
element to replace security information with new security
information.
The <secDNS:update> element also contains an OPTIONAL "urgent"
attribute that can be used by a client to ask the server operator to
complete and implement the update request with high priority. This
attribute accepts boolean values as described in Section 2.6; the
default value is boolean false. "High priority" is relative to
standard server operator policies that are determined using an
out-of-band mechanism.
The <secDNS:add> element is used to add key or DS information to an
existing set. The <secDNS:add> element MUST contain either one or
more <secDNS:keyData> elements or one or more <secDNS:dsData>
elements as described in Section 3.1.2. The <secDNS:add> element
MUST only be used to add keys to an existing set; it MUST NOT be used
to replace DS data with key data, for example.
The <secDNS:rem> element contains one or more <secDNS:keyTag>
elements that are used to remove keys from an existing set or DS data
from a delegation. The <secDNS:keyTag> element MUST contain a key
tag value as described in section 2.4 of RFC 3658 [8]. Removing all
key or DS information can remove the ability of the parent to secure
the delegation to the child zone.
The <secDNS:chg> element is used to replace existing key information
with new key information. The <secDNS:chg> element MUST contain
either one or more <secDNS:keyData> elements or one or more
<secDNS:dsData> elements as described in Section 3.1.2. The data in
these elements is used to replace whatever other data is currently
archived for the delegation.
Example <update> Command, Adding a Key:
C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <update>
C: <domain:update
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
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C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
C: </domain:update>
C: </update>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:update
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:add>
C: <secDNS:keyData>
C: <secDNS:flags>256</secDNS:flags>
C: <secDNS:protocol>3</secDNS:protocol>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:pubKey>AQPJ////4Q==</secDNS:pubKey>
C: <secDNS:vInterval>P7D</secDNS:vInterval>
C: <secDNS:sig>
C: <secDNS:type>DNSKEY</secDNS:type>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:labels>2</secDNS:labels>
C: <secDNS:origTTL>172800</secDNS:origTTL>
C: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-14T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
C: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-12T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>14845</secDNS:keyTag>
C: <secDNS:signerName>example.com</secDNS:signerName>
C: <secDNS:sigVal>AzHp////hp4=</secDNS:sigVal>
C: </secDNS:sig>
C: </secDNS:keyData>
C: </secDNS:add>
C: </secDNS:update>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
Example <update> Command, Replacing a Key Set:
C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <update>
C: <domain:update
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
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C: </domain:update>
C: </update>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:update
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:chg>
C: <secDNS:keyData>
C: <secDNS:flags>256</secDNS:flags>
C: <secDNS:protocol>3</secDNS:protocol>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:pubKey>AQPJ////4Q==</secDNS:pubKey>
C: <secDNS:vInterval>P14D</secDNS:vInterval>
C: <secDNS:sig>
C: <secDNS:type>DNSKEY</secDNS:type>
C: <secDNS:alg>1</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:labels>2</secDNS:labels>
C: <secDNS:origTTL>172800</secDNS:origTTL>
C: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-21T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
C: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-19T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>14845</secDNS:keyTag>
C: <secDNS:signerName>example.com</secDNS:signerName>
C: <secDNS:sigVal>AzHp////hp4=</secDNS:sigVal>
C: </secDNS:sig>
C: </secDNS:keyData>
C: </secDNS:chg>
C: </secDNS:update>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
Example <update> Command, Removing a Key or DS Data:
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C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <update>
C: <domain:update
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
C: </domain:update>
C: </update>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:update
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:rem>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>12345</secDNS:keyTag>
C: </secDNS:rem>
C: </secDNS:update>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
Example <update> Command, Changing DS Data:
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C:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
C:<epp xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0"
C: xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:epp-1.0
C: epp-1.0.xsd">
C: <command>
C: <update>
C: <domain:update
C: xmlns:domain="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:domain-1.0
C: domain-1.0.xsd">
C: <domain:name>example.com</domain:name>
C: </domain:update>
C: </update>
C: <extension>
C: <secDNS:update
C: xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
C: xsi:schemaLocation="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
C: secDNS-1.0.xsd">
C: <secDNS:chg>
C: <secDNS:dsData>
C: <secDNS:keyTag>12345</secDNS:keyTag>
C: <secDNS:alg>3</secDNS:alg>
C: <secDNS:digestType>1</secDNS:digestType>
C: <secDNS:digest>49FD46E6C4B45C55D4AC</secDNS:digest>
C: <secDNS:sDate>2004-09-21T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:sDate>
C: <secDNS:eDate>2004-10-19T09:00:00.0Z</secDNS:eDate>
C: <secDNS:vInterval>P14D</secDNS:vInterval>
C: </secDNS:dsData>
C: </secDNS:chg>
C: </secDNS:update>
C: </extension>
C: <clTRID>ABC-12345</clTRID>
C: </command>
C:</epp>
When an extended <update> command has been processed successfully,
the EPP response is as described in the EPP domain mapping [2]. A
server operator MUST return an EPP error result code of 2306 if an
urgent update (noted with an "urgent" attribute value of boolean
true) can not be completed with high priority.
4. Formal Syntax
An EPP object mapping is specified in XML Schema notation. The
formal syntax presented here is a complete schema representation of
the object mapping suitable for automated validation of EPP XML
instances. The BEGIN and END tags are not part of the schema; they
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are used to note the beginning and ending of the schema for URI
registration purposes.
BEGIN
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<schema targetNamespace="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
xmlns:secDNS="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0"
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
elementFormDefault="qualified">
<annotation>
<documentation>
Extensible Provisioning Protocol v1.0
domain name extension schema for provisioning
DNS security extensions.
</documentation>
</annotation>
<!--
Child elements found in EPP commands.
-->
<element name="create" type="secDNS:keyOrDSType"/>
<element name="update" type="secDNS:updateType"/>
<!--
Child elements of the <create> command.
-->
<complexType name="keyOrDSType">
<choice>
<element name="keyData" type="secDNS:keyDataType"
maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
<element name="dsData" type="secDNS:dsDataType"
maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</choice>
</complexType>
<complexType name="dsDataType">
<sequence>
<element name="keyTag" type="unsignedShort"/>
<element name="alg" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="digestType" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="digest" type="hexBinary"/>
<element name="sDate" type="dateTime"/>
<element name="eDate" type="dateTime"/>
<element name="vInterval" type="duration"
minOccurs="0"/>
</sequence>
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</complexType>
<complexType name="keyDataType">
<sequence>
<element name="flags" type="unsignedShort"/>
<element name="protocol" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="alg" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="pubKey" type="secDNS:keySigType"/>
<element name="vInterval" type="duration"
minOccurs="0"/>
<element name="sig" type="secDNS:sigType"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<complexType name="sigType">
<sequence>
<element name="type" type="secDNS:typeCovType"/>
<element name="alg" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="labels" type="unsignedByte"/>
<element name="origTTL" type="unsignedInt"/>
<element name="sDate" type="dateTime"/>
<element name="eDate" type="dateTime"/>
<element name="keyTag" type="unsignedShort"/>
<element name="signerName" type="secDNS:nameType"/>
<element name="sigVal" type="secDNS:keySigType"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<simpleType name="keySigType">
<restriction base="base64Binary">
<minLength value="1"/>
</restriction>
</simpleType>
<simpleType name="typeCovType">
<restriction base="token">
<enumeration value="DNSKEY"/> <!-- Type 48 -->
</restriction>
</simpleType>
<simpleType name="nameType">
<restriction base="token">
<minLength value="1"/>
<maxLength value="255"/>
</restriction>
</simpleType>
<!--
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Child elements of the <update> command.
-->
<complexType name="updateType">
<choice>
<element name="add" type="secDNS:keyOrDSType"/>
<element name="chg" type="secDNS:keyOrDSType"/>
<element name="rem" type="secDNS:remType"/>
</choice>
<attribute name="urgent" type="boolean" default="false"/>
</complexType>
<complexType name="remType">
<sequence>
<element name="keyTag" type="unsignedShort"
maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
</sequence>
</complexType>
<!--
Child response elements.
-->
<element name="infData" type="secDNS:keyOrDSType"/>
<!--
End of schema.
-->
</schema>
END
5. Internationalization Considerations
EPP is represented in XML, which provides native support for encoding
information using the Unicode character set and its more compact
representations including UTF-8 [16]. Conformant XML processors
recognize both UTF-8 and UTF-16 [17]. Though XML includes provisions
to identify and use other character encodings through use of an
"encoding" attribute in an <?xml?> declaration, use of UTF-8 is
RECOMMENDED in environments where parser encoding support
incompatibility exists.
As an extension of the EPP domain mapping [2], the elements, element
content, attributes, and attribute values described in this document
MUST inherit the internationalization conventions used to represent
higher-layer domain and core protocol structures present in an XML
instance that includes this extension.
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6. IANA Considerations
This document uses URNs to describe XML namespaces and XML schemas
conforming to a registry mechanism described in RFC 3688 [11]. Two
URI assignments are requested.
Registration request for the extension namespace:
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:secDNS-1.0
Registrant Contact: IESG
XML: None. Namespace URIs do not represent an XML specification.
Registration request for the extension XML schema:
URI: uurn:ietf:params:xml:schema:secDNS-1.0
Registrant Contact: IESG
XML: See the "Formal Syntax" section of this document.
7. Security Considerations
The mapping extensions described in this document do not provide any
security services beyond those described by EPP [1], the EPP domain
name mapping [2], and protocol layers used by EPP. The security
considerations described in these other specifications apply to this
specification as well.
As with other domain object transforms, the EPP transform operations
described in this document MUST be restricted to the sponsoring
client as authenticated using the mechanisms described in sections
2.9.1.1 and 7 of RFC 3730 [1]. Any attempt to perform a transform
operation on a domain object by any client other than the sponsoring
client MUST be rejected with an appropriate EPP authorization error.
The provisioning service described in this document involves the
exchange of information that can have an operational impact on the
DNS. A trust relationship MUST exist between the EPP client and
server, and provisioning of public key information MUST only be done
after the identities of both parties have been confirmed using a
strong authentication mechanism.
An EPP client might be acting as an agent for a zone administrator
who wants to send key information to be signed and published by the
server operator. Man-in-the-middle attacks are thus possible as a
result of direct client activity or inadvertent client data
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manipulation.
The signature information provided by a client allows a server to
confirm that the corresponding key is usable and has not been
modified while in transit, but the server generally does not have
enough information to confirm that the key was generated and provided
by the child zone administrator. Authentication and integrity
services MUST be provided on a hop-by-hop basis to ensure that data
is not modified while in transit between entities.
Acceptance of a false key by a server operator can produce
significant operational consequences. The child and parent zones
MUST be consistent to properly secure the delegation. In the absence
of consistent signatures the delegation will not appear in the secure
name space, yielding untrustworthy query responses.
If a key is compromised, a client should either remove the
compromised key or update the DNSKEY/DS information via EPP commands
using the "urgent" attribute. The server operator can then remove
either the DNSSIG of the DS or the DS record itself until the new
information is propagated to the parent zone.
Operational scenarios requiring quick removal of a secure domain
delegation can be implemented using a two-step process. First,
security credentials can be removed using an "urgent" update as just
described. The domain can then be removed from the parent zone by
changing the status of the domain to either of the EPP "clientHold"
or "serverHold" domain status values. The domain can also be removed
from the zone using the EPP <delete> command, but this is a more
drastic step that needs to be considered carefully before use.
Signature checking at the server requires computational resources. A
purposeful or inadvertent denial of service attack is possible if a
client requests some number of update operations that exceed a
server's processing capabilities. Server operators SHOULD take steps
to manage command load and command processing requirements to
minimize the risk of a denial of service attack.
8. Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank the following people who have provided
significant contributions to the development of this document:
David Blacka, Olafur Gudmundsson, Mark Kosters, Dan Massey, Sam
Weiler, and Ning Zhang.
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9. References
9.1 Normative References
[1] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP)", RFC
3730, March 2004.
[2] Hollenbeck, S., "Extensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP) Domain
Name Mapping", RFC 3731, March 2004.
[3] Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C., Bray, T. and E. Maler,
"Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Second Edition)", W3C
FirstEdition REC-xml-20001006, October 2000.
[4] Maloney, M., Beech, D., Mendelsohn, N. and H. Thompson, "XML
Schema Part 1: Structures", W3C REC REC-xmlschema-1-20010502,
May 2001.
[5] Malhotra, A. and P. Biron, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", W3C
REC REC-xmlschema-2-20010502, May 2001.
[6] Arends, R., "Protocol Modifications for the DNS Security
Extensions", draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-protocol-09 (work in
progress), October 2004.
[7] Arends, R., "Resource Records for the DNS Security Extensions",
draft-ietf-dnsext-dnssec-records-11 (work in progress), October
2004.
[8] Gudmundsson, O., "Delegation Signer (DS) Resource Record (RR)",
RFC 3658, December 2003.
[9] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
[10] Klyne, G. and C. Newman, "Date and Time on the Internet:
Timestamps", RFC 3339, July 2002.
[11] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
January 2004.
9.2 Informative References
[12] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", STD
13, RFC 1034, November 1987.
[13] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, November 1987.
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[14] Wellington, B., "Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC) Signing
Authority", RFC 3008, November 2000.
[15] Lewis, E., "DNS Security Extension Clarification on Zone
Status", RFC 3090, March 2001.
[16] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646", STD
63, RFC 3629, November 2003.
[17] Hoffman, P. and F. Yergeau, "UTF-16, an encoding of ISO 10646",
RFC 2781, February 2000.
Author's Address
Scott Hollenbeck
VeriSign, Inc.
21345 Ridgetop Circle
Dulles, VA 20166-6503
US
EMail: shollenbeck@verisign.com
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Intellectual Property Statement
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
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Hollenbeck Expires April 22, 2005 [Page 27]
