Internet Draft   RTP MIB                              November 18, 1997


                 Real-Time Transport Protocol
                 Management Information Base
               <draft-ietf-avt-rtp-mib-01.txt>

                        November 18, 1997

                         Mark Baugher
                       Intel Corporation
                      2111 N.E.25th Avenue
                    Hillsboro, Oregon  97124

                      mbaugher@intel.com


                            John Du
                       Intel Corporation
                      2111 N.E.25th Avenue
                    Hillsboro, Oregon  97124

                    John_Du@ccm.jf.intel.com


                          Stan Naudus
                       3Com Corporation
                     2070 Chain Bridge Road
                     Vienna, Virginia  22182

                       snaudus@usrva.com


Status of this Memo

This document is an Internet-Draft.  Internet-Drafts are
working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF), its areas, and its working groups.  Note that other
groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-
Drafts.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six
months.  Internet-Drafts may be updated, replaced, or made
obsolete by other documents at any time.  It is not
appropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to
cite them other than as a ``working draft'' or ``work in
progress.''

To learn the current status of any Internet-Draft, please
check the 1id-abstracts.txt listing contained in the Internet-
Drafts Shadow Directories on ds.internic.net, nic.nordu.net,
venera.isi.edu, or munnari.oz.au.



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1.  Changes from Previous Draft


   (1) The DESCRIPTION clauses are changed for those rtpEgEntry and
       rtpInEntry objects that also appear in RTCP messages.  The
       current values are always to be used rather than the values
       from the last RTCP message for MIB objects that are also defined
       in RTCP.

   (2) Interfaces in rtpEgEntry, rtpInEntry and rtpSessionEntry are now
       defined by a pair of InterfaceIndex and IpAddress object
       instances.  InterfaceIndex is a Textual Convention that is
       introduced in this MIB to be zero when the interface has an
       IP Address; otherwise it is the IfIndex from the IF-MIB.

   (3) rtpEgIndex and rtpInIndex are added to serve as the sole indexes
       to rtpEgEntry and rtpInEntry respectively.  This change is needed
       to support multi-homed RTP hosts.

   (4) rtpEgStartTime, rtpInStartTime and rtpSessionStartTime are added
       for the purpose of recording the SysUpTime value at the time of
       conceptual row creation as required by RFC 1902 for conceptual
       rows that contain counters that do not become active at the
       start of the epoch.

   (5) rtpEgTool DEFVAL comment no longer refers to RTCP SDES.

   (6) The interarrival jitter estimator was added to the rtpInEntry
       and the rtpRREntry.

   (7) rtpInPackets added to count the total number of RTP data packets
       that are received.

   (8) rtpSessionIfIndex changed to 'read-create.'

   (9) A potential problem of the duplicate counting of rtpSessionSenders
       and rtpSessionReceivers is mentioned in their DESCRIPTION clauses.

   (10) rtpRREntry's last two indexes are reversed with rtpSRSSRC appear-
       ing before rtpRRSSRC to permit tree walks organized by sender.

   (11) DisplayString is used in place of OCTET STRING for CNAME's and
        Tool names.

   (12) Unsigned32 used for SSRC's in place of INTEGER.

   (13) OID values are renumbered for  rtpIS, rtpISGlobals, rtpSRTable,
        rtpRRTable, rtpRRFracLost and subsequent columns of rtpRREntry.



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2.  Abstract

This memo defines an experimental  Management Information Base
(MIB) for use with network management protocols in
TCP/IP-based internets.  In particular, it defines objects for
managing Real-Time Transport Protocol systems [1].  Comments
should be made to the IETF Audio/Video Transport Working Group
at rem-conf@es.net.

This memo does not specify a standard for the Internet
community.


3.  The Network Management Framework

The SNMPv2 Network Management Framework consists of the
following major components:

RFC 1902 which defines the SMI, the mechanisms used for
describing and naming objects for the purpose of management.

RFC 1903 Textual Conventions for Version 2 of the Simple
Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).

RFC 1904 Conformance Statements for Version 2 of the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).

RFC 1905 Protocol Operations for Version 2 of the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).

RFC 1906 Transport Mappings for Version 2 of the
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).

RFC 1907 Management Information Base for Version 2 of
the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2).

RFC 1908 Coexistence between Version 1 and Version 2 of
the Internet-standard Network Management Framework.

The Framework permits new objects to be defined for the
purpose of experimentation and evaluation.











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Managed objects are accessed via a virtual information store,
termed the Management Information Base or MIB.  Within a given
MIB module, objects are defined using the SMI's OBJECT-TYPE
macro[2].  At a minimum, each object has a name, a syntax, an
access-level, and an implementation-status.

The name is an object identifier, an administratively assigned
name, which specifies an object type.  The object type
together with an object instance serves to uniquely identify a
specific instantiation of the object.  For human convenience,
we often use a textual string, termed the object descriptor,
to also refer to the object type.

The syntax of an object type defines the abstract data
structure corresponding to that object type.  The ASN.1[3]
language is used for this purpose.  However, RFC 1902
purposely restricts the ASN.1 constructs which may be used.
These restrictions are made for simplicity.

The access-level of an object type defines whether it makes
"protocol sense" to read and/or write the value of an instance
of the object type.  (This access-level is independent of any
administrative authorization policy.)

The implementation-status of an object type indicates whether
the object is mandatory, optional, obsolete, or deprecated.


4. Overview

An "RTP System" may be a host end-system that runs an application
program that sends or receives RTP data packets, or it may be an
intermediate-system that forwards RTP packets.  RTP Control
Protocol (RTCP) packets are sent by senders and receivers to
convey information about RTP packet transmission and reception [1].

4.1 Textual Conventions

A new data type, InterfaceIndex, is introduced as a textual convention in
this MIB document.  Textual conventions enhance the readability of
the specification and can ease comparison with other specifications
if appropriate.  It should be noted that the introduction of the
textual conventions has no effect on either the syntax nor the
semantics of any managed objects.  The use of these is merely an
artifact of the explanatory method used.  Objects defined in terms of
one of these methods are always encoded by means of the rules that
define the primitive type.  Hence, no changes to the SMI or the SNMP
are necessary to accommodate these textual conventions which are
adopted merely for the convenience of readers and writers.



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4.2 Components

The RTP MIB is structured around "Session," "Receiver" and "Sender"
conceptual abstractions.

4.2.1  An "RTP Session" is the "...association of participants
communicating with RTP.  For each participant, the session is
defined by a particular pair of destination transport addresses
(one network address plus a port pair for RTP and RTCP).  The
destination transport addresses may be common for all participants,
as in the case of IP multicast, or may be different for each, as in
the case of individual unicast addresses plus a common port pair,"
as defined in section 3 of [1].

4.2.2 A "Sender" is identified by a 32-bit numeric "Synchronization
Source," or "SSRC", value and is "...the source of a stream of RTP
packets" as defined in section 3 of [1].  The Sender is also a source
of RTCP Sender Report packets as specified in section 6 of [1].

4.2.3 A "Receiver" of a "stream of RTP packets" can be a unicast or
multicast Receiver as described in 4.2.1, above. An RTP Receiver has
an SSRC value that is unique to the session.  An RTP Receiver is a
source of RTCP Receiver Reports as specified in section 6 of [1].


4.3 Applicability of the MIB to RTP System Implementations

The RTP MIB may be used in two types of RTP implementations, RTP Host
Systems (end systems)  and RTP Monitors, see section 3 of [1].
Use of the RTP MIB for RTP Translators and Mixers, as defined in
section 7 of [1], is for further study.

4.3.1 RTP Host Systems are end-systems that may use the RTP MIB
to collect RTP Session and Stream data; these data may be used
by a network manager to diagnose faults that occur over the life time
of an RTP Session as in a "help-desk" scenario.

4.3.2 RTP Monitors of multicast RTP sessions may be located in an RTP
intermediate-system or in the host.  RTP Monitors may use the RTP
MIB to collect RTP Session and Stream statistical data; these data may
be used by a network manager for capacity planning and other
network-management purposes.  An RTP Monitor may also use the RTP MIB
to collect data to permit a network manager to diagnose faults in RTP
sessions, or to permit a network manger to configure the Monitor.








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4.4  The Structure of the RTP MIB

There are two modules in the RTP MIB:  The RTP-SYSTEM module
is used for RTP Host Systems, and the RTP-IS module is designed
for RTP Monitors.  There are two tables in RTP-SYSTEM and three
tables in RTP-IS.

RTP-SYSTEM Tables:
      rtpInTable
      rtpEgTable

These tables contain information about RTP Streams that an RTP
end system is sending (rtpEgTable) or receiving (rtpInTable).

These tables are not intended for use by RTP Monitors.  rtpInTable
and rtpEgTable do not contain objects which are creatable nor
writable by a network manager.  The rtpSessionTable in RTP-IS
permits conceptual rows to be created by a network manager for the
purpose of identifying RTP sessions to be monitored.

RTP-IS Tables:
      rtpSessionTable
      rtpSRTable
      rtpRRTable

rtpSessionNewIndex is a global object that permits a network-management
application to obtain a unique index for conceptual row creation
in the rtpSessionTable.  In this way the SNMP Set operation may
be used to configure a monitor which implements RTP-IS.

4.5  SNMP Implementations

An RTP System that runs either a single application or multiple
applications with a single management-entity may be a practical
configuration for monitoring, translating or mixing.  Host end-
-systems are the vast majority of RTP implementations, however,
and a "monolithic" solution may be inadequate if management of
RTP end-systems proves to be truly useful.  The RTP-SYSTEM module
described in 4.4 contains tables that may be shared among RTP
application programs that run concurrently on the same device - as
many or most do.  Sharing occurs on a table basis, and this may
be complicated on some host systems.  Rows in the RTP MIB tables,
however, are uniquely identified by RTP Session and SSRC pairs
(or a pair of SSRCs for RTP Receivers).  If the RTP Session and
SSRC values are unique to the RTP application program, then
conceptual rows do not need to be shared.





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Table sharing may be a problem for SNMP management entities on some
host operting systems:  All SNMP management requests are sent to UDP
Port 161, and an Application Programming Interface (API) is needed to
facilitate this sharing.  The API is specific to the host operating
system, and there are solutions provided by host operating system
vendors and by independent software vendors.  There is also a
standardization effort within the IETF to at least define a standard
system-interface protocol that may be implemented in an API to permit
multiple management entities to share the object name space[4].  Whether
or not independent RTP application programs can cooperatively and
concurrently support the RTP MIB is outside the scope of this draft
document and will differ depending on the operating system in question.







































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5.  Definitions

RTP-SYSTEM DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
        Counter32, Gauge32, experimental, Integer32,
        IpAddress, MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-IDENTITY,
        OBJECT-TYPE, TimeTicks, Unsigned32          FROM SNMPv2-SMI
        DisplayString, TAddress, TDomain,
        TEXTUAL-CONVENTION, TimeStamp               FROM SNMPv2-TC
        OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE             FROM SNMPv2-CONF;

rtpSystem MODULE-IDENTITY
        LAST-UPDATED "9711112000Z"
        ORGANIZATION "IETF AVT Working Group"
        CONTACT-INFO
                "Mark Baugher
        Postal: Intel Corporation
                2111 NE 25th Avenue
                Hillsboro, OR   97124
                United States
        Tel:    +1 503 264 3849
        Email:  mbaugher@intel.com

                 John Du
        Postal: Intel Corporation
                2111 NE 25th Avenue
                Hillsboro, OR   97124
                United States
        Tel:    +1 503 264 0636
        Email:  John_Du@ccm.jf.intel.com

                Stan Naudus
        Postal: 3Com Corporation
                2070 Chain Bridge Road
                Vienna, VA
                United States
        Tel:    +1 703 848 7710
        Email:  snaudus@usrva.com"
         DESCRIPTION
        "The MIB module that describes managed objects of
         general use by RTP Host Systems.  The MIB is
         structured around two types of information.
         1. Information about RTP streams being sent to
            an RTP Session by a particular source.
         2. Information about RTP streams received on an
            RTP Session by a particular receiver.
         Refer to 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
         Applications,' section 3.0, for definitions."
::= { experimental 77 1 }


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rtp OBJECT-IDENTITY
       STATUS         current
       DESCRIPTION
         "The root of RTP Object-identifiers."
       ::= { experimental 77 }


InterfaceIndex ::= TEXTUAL-CONVENTION
    STATUS      current
    DESCRIPTION
       "The range of ifIndex."
    SYNTAX      Integer32
--
-- OBJECTS
--
rtpGlobals OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtp 2 }

rtpDomains OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtpGlobals 1 }

rtpUDPDomain OBJECT-IDENTITY
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "RTP over UDP transport domain over IPv4.  This definition
           uses the transport address type, snmpUDPAddress, which is
           defined in SNMPv2-TM, 'Transport Mappings for Version 2 of
           the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)'."
        REFERENCE       "RFC 1906, p. 3"
        ::= { rtpDomains 1 }

-- Stream Tables:
-- Egress Streams are sent by an RTP System to an RTP Session.
-- Ingress Streams are received on a session by some RTP System.
--
--
--  EGRESS STREAMS TABLE
--
rtpEgTable OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX        SEQUENCE OF RtpEgEntry
        MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
        STATUS current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The rtpEgTable contains state, statistics, and attribute
           information about a stream being sent by an RTP sender that
           is local to the RTP System and which is uniquely identified
           in the RTP Session by a synchronization source (SSRC) value
           ('RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications, 3').
           There is a conceptual row for each stream being sent by the
           local RTP System."
        ::= { rtpSystem 1 }


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rtpEgEntry OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX RtpEgEntry
        MAX-ACCESS not-accessible
        STATUS current
        DESCRIPTION
           "An rtpEgEntry contains information about one stream
           that's being sent by a sender on the local RTP Host
           System.  Although some object definitions in rtpEgEntry also
           appear in certain RTCP messages, the values retrieved by the
           SNMP entity are current values and not values taken from the
           last RTCP message that was sent.  Table rows cannot be created
           nor deleted via SNMP operations."
        INDEX { rtpEgIndex }
        ::= { rtpEgTable 1 }

RtpEgEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
        rtpEgIndex        Integer32,
        rtpEgDstAddr      TAddress,
        rtpEgSSRC         Unsigned32,
        rtpEgCNAME        DisplayString,
        rtpEgPT           INTEGER,
        rtpEgSentPackets  Counter32,
        rtpEgSentOctets   Counter32,
        rtpEgTool         DisplayString,
        rtpEgLastSR       TimeTicks,
        rtpEgDomain       TDomain,
        rtpEgSrcAddr      TAddress,
        rtpEgStartTime    TimeStamp,
        rtpEgIfIndex      InterfaceIndex,
        rtpEgIfAddr       IpAddress
        }

rtpEgIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Integer32 (1..65535)
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The number of this stream.  This is for  SNMP
           Indexing  purposes  only and has no relation to
           any protocol value."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 1 }










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rtpEgDstAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The destination transport service address to which
           the stream of RTP data packets is being sent.  The
           trasport-service is identified by rtpEgDomain.  For
           rtpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and a even-numbered
           UDP Port with RTCP packets being sent on the next higher
           odd-numbered port, according to 'RTP: A Transport
           Protocol for Real-Time Application' section 10."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 2 }

rtpEgSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Unsigned32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier, of the
           sender.  The RTP Session Address plus an SSRC uniquely
           identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 3 }

rtpEgCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The RTP canonical name of the sender."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 4 }

rtpEgPT OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          INTEGER (0..127)
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Static or dynamic Payload Type from the RTP header."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 5 }

rtpEgSentPackets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Count of RTP packets sent by this sender since the start
           of the stream at rtpEgStartTime."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 6 }


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rtpEgSentOctets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Count of octets sent by this sender since the start of
           the stream at rtpEgStartTime."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 7 }

rtpEgTool OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString (SIZE(0..127))
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Name of the application program source of the stream."
        DEFVAL { ''H }  -- Null if not identified to mgt entity
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 8 }

rtpEgLastSR OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TimeTicks
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The elapsed time since the most recent RTCP Sender
           Report was sent for this stream in 0.01 seconds."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 9 }

rtpEgDomain OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TDomain
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The transport-layer protocol used for sending
            the stream of RTP data packets from this source."
        DEFVAL  { rtpUDPDomain }
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 10 }

rtpEgSrcAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The transport service address from which the stream
           of RTP data packets is being sent.  For
           rtpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and an even-
           numbered UDP port, see 'RTP: A Transport Protocol
           for Real-Time Applications,' section 10."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 11 }



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rtpEgStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX         TimeStamp
        MAX-ACCESS     read-only
        STATUS         current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The value of SysUpTime when this row was created."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 12 }

rtpEgIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          InterfaceIndex
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The ifIndex value is zero for interfaces that have an IP
           address defined for the interface on which RTP data packets
           are being sent for this stream. Otherwise this object is set
           to the corresponding value from the Internet Standard MIB."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 13 }

rtpEgIfAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX         IpAddress
        MAX-ACCESS     read-only
        STATUS         current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The IP Address of the interface on which the stream of
          RTP data packets is being sent for interfaces that have an
          IP Address and set to 0.0.0.0 when rtpEgIfIndex is non zero."
        ::= { rtpEgEntry 14 }

--
--  INGRESS STREAMS TABLE
--

rtpInTable OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX           SEQUENCE OF RtpInEntry
        MAX-ACCESS       not-accessible
        STATUS           current
        DESCRIPTION
        "Data in the rtpInTable identify the stream and session,
        state and statistics, and include information needed by
        an RTP receiver to detect loops. This table will at
        least contain a row for each stream being received
        (ingress stream) by some SSRC on the local RTP System.
        (see 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications'
         sec. 3 and 8)."
        ::= { rtpSystem 2 }





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rtpInEntry OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          RtpInEntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
        "An rtpInTable entry uniquely identifies an RTP Data Stream
        received by the rtpInDstAddr, rtpInReceiverSSRC and
        rtpInSenderSSRC.  There is an rtpInEntry for each stream
        received by the local RTP System.   Although some
        object definitions also appear in RTCP messages, the values
        retrieved by the management entity are the current values rather
        than the values used in the previous RTCP messages that was sent.
        Table rows cannot be created nor deleted via SNMP operations."
        INDEX { rtpInIndex }
        ::= { rtpInTable 1 }

RtpInEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
        rtpInIndex        Integer32,
        rtpInDstAddr      TAddress,
        rtpInReceiverSSRC Unsigned32,
        rtpInSenderSSRC   Unsigned32,
        rtpInSenderCNAME  DisplayString,
        rtpInPT           INTEGER,
        rtpInSenderAddr   TAddress,
        rtpInPackets      Counter32,
        rtpInLostPackets  Counter32,
        rtpInOctets       Counter32,
        rtpInJitter       Gauge32,
        rtpInTool         DisplayString,
        rtpInLastRR       TimeTicks,
        rtpInDomain       TDomain,
        rtpInSrcAddr      TAddress,
        rtpInStartTime    TimeStamp,
        rtpInIfIndex      InterfaceIndex,
        rtpInIfAddr       IpAddress
        }


rtpInIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Integer32 (1..65535)
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The number of this stream.  This is for  SNMP indexing
           purposes  only and has no relation to  any protocol value."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 1 }





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rtpInDstAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The destination transport service address on which
           the stream of RTP data packets is being received.
           For rtpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and a even-numbered
           UDP Port with the RTCP being sent and received on the next
           higher odd-numbered port, see 'RTP: A Transport Protocol
           for Real-Time Application', 10.0."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 2 }

rtpInReceiverSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Unsigned32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier, of the
           receiver.  The RTP Session Address plus an SSRC uniquely
           identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
       ::= { rtpInEntry 3 }

rtpInSenderSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Unsigned32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier, of the
           sender.  The RTP Session Address plus an SSRC uniquely
           identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 4 }

rtpInPT OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          INTEGER(0..127)
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP Payload Type of the RTP data stream."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 5 }









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rtpInSenderCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP canonical name of the sender."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 6 }

rtpInSenderAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The sender's transport address of the RTP data."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 7 }

rtpInPackets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count of total packets sent since the start of the stream
           at rtpInStartTime.  See 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-
           Time Applications', sec. 6.3."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 8 }

rtpInLostPackets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count from the RTCP RR of lost packets since the
           start of the stream at rtpInStartTime."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 9 }

rtpInOctets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count by the SNMP entity of bytes received from the
           ingress stream since the start of stream at rtpInStartTime."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 10 }








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rtpInJitter OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Gauge32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "An estimate by the SNMP entity of current delay variation
           of packets from the ingress stream (see 'RTP:  A Transport
           Protocol for Real-Time Applications,' sec. 6.3.1)."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 11 }

rtpInTool OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString (SIZE(0..127))
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTCP SDES item identifying the tool used
            to receive the ingress stream."
        DEFVAL { ''H }  -- Null if not identified to mgt entity
        ::= { rtpInEntry 12 }

rtpInLastRR OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TimeTicks
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The elapsed time since the most recent RTCP Receiver
           Report was sent for the ingress stream in 0.01 seconds."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 13 }

rtpInDomain OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TDomain
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The transport-layer protocol used for receiving
            the stream of RTP data packets from this source."
        DEFVAL  { rtpUDPDomain }
        ::= { rtpInEntry 14 }













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rtpInSrcAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The transport service address from which the stream
           of RTCP data packets is being sent.  For
           rtpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and a UDP
           port."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 15 }

rtpInStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX         TimeStamp
        MAX-ACCESS     read-only
        STATUS         current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The value of SysUpTime when this row was created."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 16 }

rtpInIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          InterfaceIndex
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The ifIndex value is zero for interfaces that have an IP
           address defined for the interface on which RTP data packets
           are being received for this stream. Otherwise this object is
           set to the corresponding value from the Internet Standard
           MIB."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 17 }

rtpInIfAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          IpAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The IP Address of the interface on which the RTP data packets
          are being received for interfaces that have an IP Address.
          The value is 0.0.0.0 when rtpInIfIndex is non zero."
        ::= { rtpInEntry 18 }











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--
--  GROUPS
--
rtpSystemGroup      OBJECT-GROUP
        OBJECTS          {
                          rtpEgDstAddr,
                          rtpEgSSRC,
                          rtpEgCNAME,
                          rtpEgPT,
                          rtpEgSentPackets,
                          rtpEgSentOctets,
                          rtpEgTool,
                          rtpEgLastSR,
                          rtpEgDomain,
                          rtpEgSrcAddr,
                          rtpEgStartTime,
                          rtpEgIfIndex,
                          rtpEgIfAddr,
                          rtpInDstAddr,
                          rtpInSenderSSRC,
                          rtpInReceiverSSRC,
                          rtpInSenderCNAME,
                          rtpInPT,
                          rtpInSenderAddr,
                          rtpInPackets,
                          rtpInLostPackets,
                          rtpInOctets,
                          rtpInJitter,
                          rtpInTool,
                          rtpInLastRR,
                          rtpInDomain,
                          rtpInSrcAddr,
                          rtpInStartTime,
                          rtpInIfIndex,
                          rtpInIfAddr
                          }
        STATUS           current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Accessible objects used to define RTP Streams that are being
           sent or received by an RTP Host System."
::= { rtpSystem 9 }










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rtpSystemCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION     "The compliance statement for SNMP entities that
                        implement RTP.  All accessible objects are
                        read only."
        MODULE RTP-SYSTEM
        MANDATORY-GROUPS { rtpSystemGroup }
        ::= { rtpSystem 10 }
END

-- ******
-- RTP-IS
-- ******

RTP-IS DEFINITIONS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
        Counter32, Gauge32, IpAddress, Integer32,
        MODULE-IDENTITY, OBJECT-TYPE, TimeTicks,
        Unsigned32                                 FROM SNMPv2-SMI
        RowStatus, TAddress, TDomain,
        DisplayString, TestAndIncr, TimeStamp      FROM SNMPv2-TC
        OBJECT-GROUP, MODULE-COMPLIANCE            FROM SNMPv2-CONF
        InterfaceIndex, rtp, rtpUDPDomain          FROM RTP-SYSTEM;

rtpIS MODULE-IDENTITY
        LAST-UPDATED "9711111800Z"
        ORGANIZATION "IETF AVT Working Group."
        CONTACT-INFO
        "       Mark Baugher
        Postal: Intel Corporation
                2111 NE 25th Avenue
                Hillsboro, OR   97124
        Tel:    +1 503 264 3849
        Email:  mbaugher@intel.com"
        DESCRIPTION
        "The MIB module for use by Real-Time Transport Protocol
        multicast monitors."
        ::= { rtp 3 }

rtpISGlobals OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { rtp 4 }











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--
--  SESSION TABLE
--
rtpSessionNewIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TestAndIncr
        MAX-ACCESS      read-write
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "This  object  is  used  to  assign  values  to
           rtpSessionIndex  as described in 'Textual Con-
           ventions  for  SNMPv2'.   The  network  manager
           reads  the  object,  and  then writes the value
           back in the SET that creates a new instance  of
           rtpSessionEntry.   If  the  SET  fails with the
           code inconsistentValue, then the process must
           be  repeated; If the SET succeeds, then the ob-
           ject is incremented, and the  new  instance  is
           created according to the managers directions."
       ::= { rtpISGlobals 1 }

rtpSessionTable OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          SEQUENCE OF RtpSessionEntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "There's one entry in the SessionTable for each Session that
           is being monitored. Row creation has the side effect of
           causing the RTP System to join the session for the purposes
           of gathering management information."
        ::= { rtpIS 1 }

rtpSessionEntry OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          RtpSessionEntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Data in rtpSessionTable uniquely identify an RTP
           Session.  Rows of the rtpSessionTable can be created
           and deleted via SNMP operations."
        INDEX { rtpSessionIndex  }
        ::= { rtpSessionTable 1 }










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RtpSessionEntry ::= SEQUENCE {
        rtpSessionIndex         Integer32,
        rtpSessionDomain        TDomain,
        rtpSessionAddr          TAddress,
        rtpSessionIfIndex       InterfaceIndex,
        rtpSessionIfAddr        IpAddress,
        rtpSessionSenders       Counter32,
        rtpSessionReceivers     Counter32,
        rtpSessionStartTime     TimeStamp,
        rtpSessionRowStatus     RowStatus
        }

rtpSessionIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Integer32 (1..65535)
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The index of the conceptual row which is for
            SNMP purposes only and has no relation to any
            protocol value."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 1}

rtpSessionDomain OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TDomain
        MAX-ACCESS      read-create
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The transport-layer protocol used for sending
            the stream of RTP data packets from this source.
           Cannot be changed after rtpSessionRowStatus is 'active'."
        DEFVAL { rtpUDPDomain }
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 2 }

rtpSessionAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-create
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The destination transport service address to which the stream
           of RTP data packets is being sent and received.  The
           transport-service is identified by rtpSessionDomain.  For
           rtpUDPDomain, this is an IP address and an even-numbered UDP
           Port with the RTCP being sent on the next higher odd-numbered
           port, see 'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time
           Application,' 10. Cannot be changed after rtpSessionRowStatus
           is 'active'."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 3 }




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rtpSessionIfIndex OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          InterfaceIndex
        MAX-ACCESS      read-create
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The ifIndex value is zero for interfaces that have an IP
           address defined for the interface on which RTP data packets
           are received for this session. Otherwise this object is set
           to the corresponding value from the Internet Standard MIB.
           Cannot be changed after rtpSessionRowStatus is 'active'."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 4 }

rtpSessionIfAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          IpAddress
        MAX-ACCESS      read-create
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The IP Address of the interface on which the monitored stream
          of RTP data packets is being received for interfaces that have
          an IP Address.  If rtpSessionIfIndex is non-zero, then this
          object should have the value 0.0.0.0.  Cannot be changed after
          rtpSessionRowStatus has become 'active'."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 5 }

rtpSessionSenders OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The high-water mark of the number of senders observed by
           the monitor since this conceptual row was created
           (rtpSessionStartTime).  Senders that leave and then
           re-join following an RTCP BYE or session timeout may be
           counted multiple times."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 6 }

rtpSessionReceivers OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The high-water mark of the number of receivers that are
           observed by the monitor since this conceptual row was
           created (rtpSessionStartTime).  Receivers that leave and
           then re-join following an RTCP BYE or session timeout may be
           counted multiple times."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 7 }




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rtpSessionStartTime OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TimeStamp
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The value of SysUpTime at the time that this row was
           created."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 8 }

rtpSessionRowStatus OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          RowStatus
        MAX-ACCESS      read-create
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Value of 'active' when when RTCP messages are being
           received by a local RTP Monitor System.  A manager-created
           conceptual row must have the rtpSessionAddr initialized by
           the manager before becoming 'active', and it must have the
           rtpSessionIf or the rtpSessionIfAddr initialized by the
           manager before becoming active. A conceptual row that is
           in the 'notReady' or 'notInService' state may be removed
           after 5  minutes."
        ::= { rtpSessionEntry 9 }

--
--  SENDERS TABLE
--
rtpSRTable OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          SEQUENCE OF RtpSREntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Table of RTP Monitor information about senders to an RTP
           Session. Entries are created as a side-effect by the SNMP
           entity when a conceptual row in the rtpSessionTable
           becomes 'active'."
        ::= { rtpIS 2 }













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rtpSREntry OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          RtpSREntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Each entry contains monitoring information from a single RTP
           Synchronization Source (SSRC) taken from RTCP Sender Report
           (SR) messages sent by the senders to an RTP Session (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.6).  The
           session is identified to the the SNMP entity by
           rtpSessionIndex."
        INDEX { rtpSessionIndex, rtpSRSSRC }
        ::= { rtpSRTable 1 }

RtpSREntry ::= SEQUENCE {
        rtpSRSSRC           Unsigned32,
        rtpSRCNAME          DisplayString,
        rtpSRSentPackets    Counter32,
        rtpSRSentOctets     Counter32,
        rtpSRTool           DisplayString,
        rtpSRs              Counter32,
        rtpSRLastSR         TimeTicks
        }

rtpSRSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Unsigned32
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier, of the
           sender.  The RTP Session Address plus an SSRC uniquely
           identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 1 }

rtpSRCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
          "The RTP canonical name of the sender."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 2 }









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rtpSRSentPackets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Count of RTP packets sent by this sender since row creation
           as recorded in rtpSessionStartTime."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 3 }

rtpSRSentOctets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Count of octets sent by this sender since row creation
           as recorded in rtpSessionStartTime."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 4 }

rtpSRTool OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString (SIZE(0..127))
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Name of the application program source of the stream."
        DEFVAL { ''H }  -- Null if not received in RTCP SDES
        ::= { rtpSREntry 5 }

rtpSRs OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count of the number of RTCP Sender Reports that have
           been received from this source since row creation as recorded
           in rtpSessionStartTime."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 6 }

rtpSRLastSR OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          TimeTicks
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The elapsed time, in units of hundredths of a second,
           since the last RTCP Sender Report was received from
           this sender."
        ::= { rtpSREntry 7 }





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--
--  RECEIVERS TABLE
--
rtpRRTable OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          SEQUENCE OF RtpRREntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Table of RTP Monitor information. Entries are created
           as a side-effect by the SNMP entity when a conceptual row in
           the rtpSessionTable becomes 'active'."
        ::= { rtpIS 3 }

rtpRREntry OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          RtpRREntry
        MAX-ACCESS      not-accessible
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Each entry contains monitoring information from a single RTP
           Synchronization Source (SSRC) taken from RTCP Receiver Report
           (RR) messages sent by the receivers of an RTP Session (see
           'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time  Applications', 3.0)
           The session is identified to the the SNMP entity by
           rtpSessionIndex."
        INDEX { rtpSessionIndex, rtpSRSSRC, rtpRRSSRC }
        ::= { rtpRRTable 1 }

RtpRREntry ::= SEQUENCE {
        rtpRRSSRC           Unsigned32,
        rtpRRCNAME          DisplayString,
        rtpRRAddr           TAddress,
        rtpRRFracLost       Gauge32,
        rtpRRRTT            Gauge32,
        rtpRRLostPackets    Counter32,
        rtpRRJitter         Gauge32,
        rtpRRs              Counter32,
        rtpRRTool           DisplayString,
        rtpRRLastRR         TimeTicks
        }












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rtpRRSSRC OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX       Unsigned32
        MAX-ACCESS   not-accessible
        STATUS       current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP SSRC, or synchronization source identifier, of the
           receiver.  The RTP Session Address plus an SSRC uniquely
           identify a sender or receiver of an RTP stream (see 'RTP:
           A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications' sec.3)."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 1 }

rtpRRCNAME OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX       DisplayString
        MAX-ACCESS   read-only
        STATUS       current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The RTP canonical name of the source of the  RR."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 2 }

rtpRRAddr OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX       TAddress
        MAX-ACCESS   read-only
        STATUS       current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The unicast transport-service address of the
           source of the RR."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 3 }

rtpRRFracLost OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX       Gauge32
        MAX-ACCESS   read-only
        STATUS       current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The fraction of packets lost over the time as
           reported by the most recent RTCP RR."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 4 }















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rtpRRRTT OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX       Gauge32
        MAX-ACCESS   read-only
        STATUS       current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The round trip time measurement taken by the source of the
           RTP stream based on the algorithm described in sec. 6.3.1 of
           'RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications.'
           This algorithm can produce meaningful results when the
           monitor has the same clock as the stream sender. In all
           other cases the entity should return 'noSuchInstance' in
           response to queries against rtpRRRTT."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 5 }

rtpRRLostPackets OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count from the most recent RTCP Receiver Report of lost
           packets."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 6 }

rtpRRJitter OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Gauge32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "An estimate by the SNMP entity of current delay variation
           of packets from the ingress stream (see 'RTP:  A Transport
           Protocol for Real-Time Applications,' sec. 6.3.1)."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 7 }

rtpRRTool OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          DisplayString (SIZE(0..127))
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "Name of the application program source of the stream."
        DEFVAL { ''H }  -- Null if not received in RTCP SDES
        ::= { rtpRREntry 8 }










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rtpRRs OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX          Counter32
        MAX-ACCESS      read-only
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "A count of Receiver Reports that have been received from
           this particular receiver since row creation
           (rtpSessionStartTime)."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 9 }

rtpRRLastRR OBJECT-TYPE
        SYNTAX         TimeTicks
        MAX-ACCESS     read-only
        STATUS         current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The elapsed time since the most recent RTCP Receiver
           Report was received from this receiver, expressed in
           units of hundredths of a second."
        ::= { rtpRREntry 10 }
































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--
--  MODULE GROUPS
--
rtpISGroup      OBJECT-GROUP
        OBJECTS          {
                          rtpSessionNewIndex,
                          rtpSessionAddr,
                          rtpSessionDomain,
                          rtpSessionIfAddr,
                          rtpSessionIfIndex,
                          rtpSessionSenders,
                          rtpSessionReceivers,
                          rtpSessionStartTime,
                          rtpSessionRowStatus,
                          rtpRRCNAME,
                          rtpRRAddr,
                          rtpRRFracLost,
                          rtpRRRTT,
                          rtpRRLostPackets,
                          rtpRRJitter,
                          rtpRRTool,
                          rtpRRs,
                          rtpRRLastRR,
                          rtpSRCNAME,
                          rtpSRSentPackets,
                          rtpSRSentOctets,
                          rtpSRTool,
                          rtpSRs,
                          rtpSRLastSR
                          }
        STATUS           current
        DESCRIPTION
                 "Accessible objects used to define RTP sessions."
        ::= { rtpIS 9 }

rtpISCompliance MODULE-COMPLIANCE
        STATUS          current
        DESCRIPTION
           "The compliance statement for SNMP entities that implement
           an RTP monitor."
        MODULE           RTP-IS
        MANDATORY-GROUPS { rtpISGroup }
        ::= { rtpIS 10 }
END







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6.  Security Issues

In most cases, MIBs are not themselves security risks; if SNMP security
is operating as intended, the use of a MIB to view information about a
system, or to change some parameter at the system, is a tool, not a
threat.

None of the read-only objects in this MIB reports a password, though
some SDES items such as the CNAME, the canonical name, may be deemed
sensitive depending on the particular security policies of a particular
enterprise.  If access to these objects is not limited by an
appropriate access control policy, these objects can provide an attacker
with information about a system's configuration and the services that
that system is providing.  Some enterprises view their network and
system configurations themselves, as well as information about usage and
performance, as corporate assets; such enterprises may wish to restrict
SNMP access to most of the objects in the MIB.

This MIB supports read-write operations against rtpSessionNewIndex which
has the side effect of creating an entry in the rtpSessionTable when it
is written to.  Three objects in rtpSessionEntry have read-create access:
rtpSessionAddr, rtpSessionIfIndex and rtpSessionIfAddr identify an RTP
Session to be monitored on a particular monitor interface.  The values
of these objects are not to be changed once created, and initialization
of these objects affects only the monitoring of an RTP Session and
not the operation of an RTP Session on any host end-system.  Since
write operations to rtpSessionNewIndex and the three objects in
rtpSessionEntry affect the operation of the monitor, write access
to these objects should be subject to the appropriate access control
policy.

Confidentiality of RTP and RTCP data packets is defined in section 9 of
the RTP specification [1].  Encryption may be performed on RTP packets,
RTCP packets, or both.  Encryption of RTCP packets may pose a problem
for third-party monitors though "For RTCP, it is allowed to split a
compound RTCP packet into two lower-layer packets, one to be encrypted
and one to be sent in the clear.  For example, SDES information might
be encrypted while reception reports were sent in the clear to
accommodate third-party monitors [1]."

7.  Acknowledgements

Alan Batie, Bill Strahm and Lenitra Clay developed RTP monitors
having SNMP interfaces on FreeBSD and Windows NT.  Bill Strahm
developed the SNMP interface to Intel's RTP implementation.  Bill
Lewis developed an RTP management application.





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9.  References

[1]  H. Shulzrinne, S. Casner, R. Frederick, and V. Jacobson, "RTP:
     A Transport Protocol for real-time applications," RFC 1889.

[2]  J. Case, K. McCloghrie, M. Rose, and S. Waldbusser,
     "Structure of Management Information for Version 2
     of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv2)",
     RFC 1902, January, 1996.

[3]  Information processing systems -- Open Systems
     Interconnection -- Specification of Basic Encoding Rules
     for Abstract Notation One (ASN.1), International
     Organization for Standardization.  International Standard
     8825, (December, 1987).

[4]  M.Daniele, B. Wijnen, D. Francisco, "Agent Extensibility
     (AgentX) Protocol, Version 1", work in progress,
     <draft-ietf-agentx-pro-01.txt>,  November, 1996.
































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