BIER Working Group R. Chen
Internet-Draft ZTE Corporation
Intended status: Standards Track Fangwei. Hu
Expires: 21 March 2024 Individual
Zheng. Zhang
Xianxia. Dai
ZTE Corporation
Mahesh. Sivakumar
Juniper networks
18 September 2023
YANG Data Model for BIER Protocol
draft-ietf-bier-bier-yang-08
Abstract
This document defines a YANG data model that can be used to configure
and manage devices supporting Bit Index Explicit Replication"(BIER).
The YANG module in this document conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA).
Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 21 March 2024.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2023 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
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and restrictions with respect to this document. Code Components
extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as
described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are
provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3. Tree Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4. Prefixes in Data Node Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. Design of Data Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3. Module Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. IGP Control-Plane Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Notifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
7. YANG Module for BIER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
8. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
9. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
10. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
11. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
1. Introduction
[RFC8279] describes a new architecture for the forwarding of
multicast data packets. Known as "Bit Index Explicit
Replication"(BIER), that architecture provides optimal forwarding of
multicast data packets through a "multicast domain".
YANG [RFC7950] is a data modeling language that was introduced to
model the configuration and operational state of a device managed
using network management protocols such as the Network Configuration
Protocol (NETCONF) [RFC6241] or RESTCONF [RFC8040]. YANG is now also
being used as a component of other management interfaces, such as
command-line interfaces (CLIs).
This document defines a YANG data model that can be used to configure
and manage devices supporting Bit Index Explicit Replication"(BIER).
The YANG module in this document conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA).
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1.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
"OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP
14 [RFC2119] [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
1.2. Terminology
The terminology for describing YANG data models is found in
[RFC7950].
The following abbreviations are used in this document and the defined
model:
BIER: Bit Index Explicit Replication [RFC8279]
BFR: Bit Forwarding Router [RFC8279]
BIFT: Bit Index Forwarding Table [RFC8279]
BSL: BitStringLength [RFC8279]
>SI: Set Identifier [RFC8279]
IS-IS: Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System
OSPF: Open Shortest Path First
1.3. Tree Diagrams
Tree diagrams used in this document follow the notation defined in
[RFC8340].
1.4. Prefixes in Data Node Names
In this document, names of data nodes, actions, and other data model
objects are often used without a prefix, as long as the context
clearly indicates the YANG module in which each name is defined.
Otherwise, names are prefixed using the standard prefix associated
with the corresponding YANG module, as shown in Table 1.
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+========+=================+===========+
| Prefix | YANG Module | Reference |
+========+=================+===========+
| yang | ietf-yang-types | [RFC6991] |
+--------+-----------------+-----------+
| inet | ietf-inet-types | [RFC6991] |
+--------+-----------------+-----------+
| if | ietf-interfaces | [RFC8343] |
+--------+-----------------+-----------+
| rt | ietf-routing | [RFC8349] |
+--------+-----------------+-----------+
Table 1: Prefixes and Corresponding
YANG Modules
2. Design of Data Model
The data model can be used to configure and manage BIER protocol
[RFC8279] features. The operational state data and statistics can be
retrieved by this model. The protocol-specific notifications are
also defined in the model.
This model is used to consistently provision the BIER parameters for
one or more BIER subdomains across all BFIR/BFR/BFER. This
configuration will also be read by BIER enabled IGPs, such as IS-IS
[RFC8401] ，OSPFv2 [RFC8444] and
OSPFv3[I-D.ietf-bier-ospfv3-extensions] to learn the BIER parameters.
In scenarios where the IGP protocol is not used/available, this model
defines the writeable BIFT and all BFIR/BFR/BFER can get the BIFT
directly from the controller, or by any other ways such as
configuration.
3. Module Structure
The ietf-bier YANG module augments the routing container in the ietf-
routing model [RFC8349] with a BIER container and defines generic
BIER configuration and operational state. This module is augmented
by modules supporting different data planes.
module: ietf-bier
augment /rt:routing:
+--rw bier
+--rw sub-domain* [sub-domain-id address-family]
| +--rw sub-domain-id uint8
| +--rw address-family identityref
| +--rw bfr-prefix? inet:ip-prefix
| +--rw underlay-protocol-type? underlay-protocol-type
| +--rw mt-id? uint16
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| +--rw bfr-id? uint16
| +--rw bsl? bsl
| +--rw igp-algorithm? uint8
| +--rw bier-algorithm? uint8
| +--rw load-balance-num? uint8
| +--rw encapsulation* [bsl encapsulation-type]
| +--rw bsl uint16
| +--rw encapsulation-type identityref
| +--rw max-si? uint8
| +--rw in-bift-id?
| +--rw:(in-bift-id-base)
| | +--rw in-bift-id-base? uint32
| +--rw (in-bift-id-encoding)
| +--rw in-bift-id-encoding boolean
+--rw bift* [bfr-id]
+--rw bfr-id bsl
+--rw birt-bitstringlength* [bsl]
+--rw bsl bsl
+--rw bfr-nbr* [bfr-nbr]
+--rw bfr-nbr inet:ip-prefix
+--rw encapsulation-type? identityref
+--rw our-bift-id?
+--rw:(out-bift-id)
| +--rw out-bift-id? uint32
+--rw:(out-bift-id-encoding)
+--rw out-bift-id-encoding boolean
notifications:
+---n bfr-id-collision
| +--ro bfr-id-collisions*[]
| +--ro received-bfr-id? uint16
+---n bfr-id-out-of-range
| +--ro received-bfr-id? uint16
+---n bfr-zero
| +--ro ipv4-bfr-prefix? inet:ipv4-prefix
| +--ro ipv6-bfr-prefix? inet:ipv6-prefix
+---n sub-domain-id-collision
+--ro received-sub-domain-id? uint16
+--ro received-mt-id? uint16
4. Configuration
The ietf-bier YANG module augments the routing container in the ietf-
routing model [RFC8349] with a BIER container and defines generic
BIER configuration. It includes:
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sub-domain:Defines the relevant BIER information of the BIER
subdomain, such as configuring the BIER domain identifier,
configuring the BFR prefix in the BIER subdomain, configuring the
Underlay protocol for advertising BIER information, etc. It contains
two in-bift-id generation methods, one is direct configuration, the
other is calculated based on <BSL,SD,SI>. The leaf "in-bift-id" is
the first BIFT-id of the BIFT-id range. The "BIFT-id range" is the
set of 20-bit values beginning with the in-bift-id and ending with
(in-bift-id + (Max SI)).The leaf "in-bift-id-encoding" is defined as
a boolean, used to enable or disable whether to calculate in-bift-id
based on < BSL,SD,SI>.
bift: Defines the Bit Index Forwarding Table. The grouping "bfr-nbr"
is to define the BFR neighbor, and it contains two bift-id generation
methods, one is direct configuration, the other is calculated based
on < BSL,SD,SI>. The leaf "out-bift-id-encoding" is defined as a
boolean, used to enable or disable whether to calculate out-bift-id
based on < BSL,SD,SI>.
5. IGP Control-Plane Configuration
Support of BIER extensions for a particular IGP control plane is
achieved by augmenting routing-protocol configuration with BIER
extensions. This augmentation SHOULD be part of the routing-protocol
YANG modules as not to create any dependency for implementations to
support BIER extensions for all routing protocols.
This module defines groupings that SHOULD be used by IGP BIER
modules.
The "enabled" leaf enables BIER extensions for the routing-protocol
instance.
The "sub-domain" container controls the routing-protocol instance's
advertisement of the relevant BIER information of the BIER subdomain
and the processing of received the relevant BIER information of the
BIER subdomain.
6. Notifications
The model defines the following notifications for BIER.
This module defines groupings that SHOULD be used by IGP BIER
modules.
bfr-id-collision: Raised when control-plane-advertised BFR ID have
conflicts.
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bfr-id-out-of-range: Raised when control-plane-advertised BFR ID is
larger than locally configured (bsl * max-si).
bfr-zero: Raised when invalid value associated with prefix.
sub-domain-id-collision: Raised when control-plane-advertised Sub
domain ID have conflicts.
7. YANG Module for BIER
<CODE BEGINS> file "ietf-bier@2023-09-16.yang"
module ietf-bier {
yang-version 1.1;
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-bier";
prefix "bier";
import ietf-routing{
prefix "rt";
reference
"RFC 8349: A YANG Data Model for Routing Management (NMDA
Version)";
}
import ietf-interfaces{
prefix "if";
reference
"RFC 8343: A YANG Data Model for Interface Management";
}
import ietf-inet-types{
prefix "inet";
reference
"RFC 6991: Common YANG Data Types";
}
import ietf-isis{
prefix "isis";
reference "RFC 9130: YANG Data Model for the IS-IS Protocol";
}
import ietf-ospf{
prefix "ospf";
reference "RFC 9129: YANG Data Model for the OSPF Protocol";
}
organization
"IETF BIER(Bit Indexed Explicit Replication) Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/bier/>
WG List: <mailto:bier@ietf.org>
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WG Chair: Tony Przygienda
<mailto:tonysietf@gmail.com>
WG Chair: Greg Shepherd
<mailto:gjshep@gmail.com>
Editor: Ran Chen
<mailto:chen.ran@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Fangwei Hu
<mailto:hu.fangwei@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Zheng Zhang
<mailto:zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Xianxian Dai
<mailto:dai.xianxian@zte.com.cn>
Editor: Mahesh Sivakumar
<mailto:masivaku@cisco.com>
";
description
"The YANG module defines a generic configuration model
for BIER.;
This YANG module conforms to the Network Management
Datastore Architecture (NMDA), as described in RFC 8242.
The key words 'MUST', 'MUST NOT', 'REQUIRED', 'SHALL', 'SHALL
NOT', 'SHOULD', 'SHOULD NOT', 'RECOMMENDED', 'NOT RECOMMENDED',
'MAY', and 'OPTIONAL' in this document are to be interpreted as
described in BCP 14 (RFC 2119) (RFC 8174) when, and only when,
they appear in all capitals, as shown here.
Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
authors of the code. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to
the license terms contained in, the Revised BSD License set
forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
This version of this YANG module is part of RFC XXXX
(https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfcXXXX); see the RFC itself
for full legal notices.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: YANG Data Model for BIER";
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revision 2023-09-12 {
description
"initial version.";
reference
"RFC XXXX: YANG Data Model for BIER ";
}
/* Identities */
identity bier-encapsulation{
description
"Base identity for BIER encapsulation.";
}
identity bier-encapsulation-mpls {
base bier-encapsulation;
description
"This identity represents MPLS encapsulation for bier.";
}
identity bier-encapsulation-ipv6 {
base bier-encapsulation;
description
"This identity represents ipv6 encapsulation for bier.";
}
identity bier-encapsulation-ethernet {
base bier-encapsulation;
description
"This identity represents ethernet encapsulation for bier.";
}
identity address-family {
description
"Base identity from which identities describing address
families are derived.";
}
identity ipv4 {
base address-family;
description
"This identity represents an IPv4 address family.";
}
identity ipv6 {
base address-family;
description
"This identity represents an IPv6 address family.";
}
/* typedef */
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typedef underlay-protocol-type {
type enumeration {
enum IS-IS {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled IS-IS.";
}
enum OSPF {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled OSPF.";
}
enum BGP {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled BGP.";
}
}
description
"List of the underlay protocol to be supported.";
}
typedef bsl {
type enumeration {
enum IS-IS {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled IS-IS.";
}
enum OSPF {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled OSPF.";
}
enum BGP {
description
"This BIER subdomains configuration can be read and
advertise by BIER enabled BGP.";
}
}
description
"list of the underlay protocol to be supported.";
}
augment "/rt:routing" {
description
"This augments routing-instance configuration with bier.";
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container bier{
description
"bier subdomain configuration.";
list sub-domain {
key "sub-domain-id address-family";
description
"The parameters of the BIER subdomain. "
leaf sub-domain-id {
type uint16;
description
"The bier sub-domain-id";
}
leaf address-family {
type identityref {
base address-family;
}
mandatory true;
description
"Address family.";
}
leaf bfr-prefix {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"the bfr prefix.";
}
leaf underlay-protocol-type {
type underlay-protocol-type;
description
"List of the underlay protocol to be supported..";
}
leaf mt-id {
type uint16;
description
"The multi-topology identifier";
}
leaf bfr-id {
type uint16;
description
"Configure the unique BFR-id value within the BIER
subdomain for the BFIR/BFER device, and BFR doesnot
need a BFR-id, but for diagnostics purposes of the IGP,
highly recommended to assign one - but beyond max-si*bls.";
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}
leaf bsl {
type bsl;
description
"The length of the bitstring in the BIER encapsulation
within the BIER subdomain.";
}
leaf igp-algorithm {
type uint8;
default "0";
description
"Calculation type value ranges from 0 to 255 both
inclusive from the IGP Algorithm Types registry
defined under Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP)
Parameters IANA registries.If the required calculation
type is Shortest Path First, the value 0 SHOULD appear
in this field.";
}
leaf bier-algorithm {
type uint8;
description
"Calculation type value ranges from 0 to 255 both inclusive
from the BIER Algorithm registry.Specifies a BIER-specific
Algorithm and BIER-specific Constraints used to either modify,
enhance, or replace the calculation of underlay paths to reach
other BFRs as defined by the IPA value as defined in RFC9272.";
}
leaf load-balance-num {
type uint8;
description
"The multicast load balance num.";
}
list encapsulation {
key "bsl encapsulation-type";
description
"The BIER encapsulation type.When MPLS is used as the
transport, the Bit Indexed Forwarding Table (BIFT) is
identified by a MPLS Label. When non-MPLS transport is
used, the BIFT is identified by a 20bit value.";
leaf bsl{
type bsl;
description
"The length of the bitstring in the BIER encapsulation
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within the BIER subdomain.";
}
leaf encapsulation-type {
type identityref {
base bier-encapsulation;
}
description
"The BIER encapsulation that can be used in either
MPLS networks or non-MPLS networks.";
}
leaf max-si {
type uint16;
description
"Maximum Set Identifier.The SI value in the subdomain
is an integer from 0 to max-si.";
}
container in-bift-id {
description
"In BIFT-ID specification.";
choice in-bift-id {
default "in-bift-id-base";
description
"Options for specifying in-bift-id";
case in-bift-id-base {
leaf in-bift-id-base {
type uint32;
description
"The first BIFT ID value, there are maximum SI+1 BIFT
IDs in total as define in RFC8401.";
}
}
case in-bift-id-encoding {
leaf in-bift-id-encoding {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"setting this attribute to 'true' will enable
calculation of in-bift-id based on <BSL, SD, SI>.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
list bift {
key "bfr-id";
description
"BIER forwarding tabel."
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leaf bfr-id {
type uint16;
description
"The unique BFR-id value within the BIER
subdomain for the BFIR/BFER device.";
}
list birt-bitstringlength {
key "bsl";
description
"specify BSL's bfr-nbr, encapsulation-type and
out-bift-id in the BIER forwarding tabel.";
leaf bsl {
type bsl;
description
"Configure the bitstring length in BIFT in the
BIER subdomain";
}
list bfr-nbr {
key bfr-nbr;
description
"bfr-nbr.";
leaf bfr-nbr {
type inet:ip-prefix;
description
"bfr-nbr.";
}
leaf encapsulation-type {
type identityref {
base bier-encapsulation;
}
description
"The BIER encapsulation that can be used in either
MPLS networks or non-MPLS networks.";
}
container out-bift-id {
description
"Out BIFT-ID specification.";
choice out-bift-id {
default "out-bift-id";
description
"Options for specifying out-bift-id";
case out-bift-id {
leaf out-bift-id {
type uint32;
description
"Configure the out-bift-id";
}
}
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case out-bift-id-encoding {
leaf out-bift-id-encoding {
type boolean;
default "false";
description
"setting this attribute to 'true' will enable
calculation of out-bift-id based on <BSL,SD,SI>.";
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
notification bfr-id-collision {
description
"This notification is sent when BFR-id received from
different routers collide.";
list bfr-id-collision {
description
"List of BFR-id that collide.";
leaf received-bfr-id {
type uint16;
description
"Value of the BFR-id received.";
}
}
}
notification bfr-id-out-of-range {
description
"This notification is sent when a BFR-id is received
that is is larger than locally configured (bsl * max-si).
The notification generation must be throttled with at
least a 5-second gap between notifications.";
leaf received-bfr-id {
type uint16;
description
"Value of the BFR-id received.";
}
}
notification bfr-zero {
description
"This notification is sent when an invalid value
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associated with prefix.";
leaf ipv4-bfr-prefix {
type inet:ipv4-prefix;
description
"BIER ipv4 bfr prefix";
}
leaf ipv6-bfr-prefix{
type inet:ipv6-prefix;
description
"BIER ipv6 bfr prefix";
}
}
notification sub-domain-id-collision {
description
"This notification is sent when sub-domain-id received from
different routers collide.";
leaf received-sub-domain-id {
type uint16;
description
"Value of the sub-domain-id received.";
}
leaf received-mt-id{
type uint16;
description
"Value of the multi-topology ID received.;
}
}
}
<code end>
8. IANA Considerations
This document registers a URI in the "IETF XML Registry" [RFC3688].
Following the format in [RFC3688], the following registration is
requested to be made:
ID: yang:ietf-bier
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-bier
Registrant Contact: The IESG.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
This document registers YANG modules in the "YANG Module
Names"registry [RFC6020].
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Name: ietf-bier
Maintained by IANA: N
Namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-bier
Prefix: bier
Reference: RFC ****
9. Security Considerations
TBD.
10. Acknowledgements
TBD.
11. Normative References
[I-D.ietf-bier-ospfv3-extensions]
Psenak, P., Nainar, N. K., and I. Wijnands, "OSPFv3
Extensions for BIER", Work in Progress, Internet-Draft,
draft-ietf-bier-ospfv3-extensions-07, 1 December 2022,
<https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-bier-
ospfv3-extensions-07>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC3688] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", BCP 81, RFC 3688,
DOI 10.17487/RFC3688, January 2004,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3688>.
[RFC6020] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for
the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", RFC 6020,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6020, October 2010,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6020>.
[RFC6241] Enns, R., Ed., Bjorklund, M., Ed., Schoenwaelder, J., Ed.,
and A. Bierman, Ed., "Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF)", RFC 6241, DOI 10.17487/RFC6241, June 2011,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6241>.
[RFC6991] Schoenwaelder, J., Ed., "Common YANG Data Types",
RFC 6991, DOI 10.17487/RFC6991, July 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6991>.
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Internet-Draft BIER YANG September 2023
[RFC7950] Bjorklund, M., Ed., "The YANG 1.1 Data Modeling Language",
RFC 7950, DOI 10.17487/RFC7950, August 2016,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7950>.
[RFC8040] Bierman, A., Bjorklund, M., and K. Watsen, "RESTCONF
Protocol", RFC 8040, DOI 10.17487/RFC8040, January 2017,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8040>.
[RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[RFC8279] Wijnands, IJ., "Multicast Using Bit Index Explicit
Replication (BIER)", RFC 8279, DOI 10.17487/RFC8279,
November 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8279>.
[RFC8340] Bjorklund, M., "YANG Tree Diagrams", RFC 8340,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8340, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8340>.
[RFC8343] Bjorklund, M., "A YANG Data Model for Interface
Management", RFC 8343, DOI 10.17487/RFC8343, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8343>.
[RFC8349] Lhotka, L., Lindem, A., and Y. Qu, "A YANG Data Model for
Routing Management (NMDA Version)", RFC 8349,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8349, March 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8349>.
[RFC8401] Ginsberg, L., Przygienda, T., Aldrin, S., and J. Zhang,
"Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) Support via IS-IS",
RFC 8401, DOI 10.17487/RFC8401, June 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8401>.
[RFC8444] Psenak, P., Wijnands, IJ., Dolganow, A., Przygienda, T.,
Zhang, J., and S. Aldrin, "OSPFv2 Extensions for Bit Index
Explicit Replication (BIER)", RFC 8441,
DOI 10.17487/RFC8441, November 2018,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8444>.
Authors' Addresses
Ran Chen
ZTE Corporation
Nanjing
China
Email: chen.ran@zte.com.cn
Chen, et al. Expires 21 March 2024 [Page 18]
Internet-Draft BIER YANG September 2023
Fangwei Hu
Individual
Shanghai
China
Email: hufwei@gmail.com
Zheng Zhang
ZTE Corporation
Nanjing
China
Email: zhang.zheng@zte.com.cn
Xianxian Dai
ZTE Corporation
Nanjing
China
Email: Dai.xianxian@zte.com.cn
Mahesh Sivakumar
Juniper networks
Sunnyvale, CALIFORNIA 94089,
United States
Email: sivakumar.mahesh@gmail.com
Chen, et al. Expires 21 March 2024 [Page 19]
