CCAMP Working Group                                        Zafar Ali
   Internet Draft                                        George Swallow
   Intended status: Standard Track                    Clarence Filsfils
   Expires: August 17, 2013                                Matt Hartley
                                                             Ori Gerstel
                                               Gabriele Maria Galimberti
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                            Kenji Kumaki
                                                        KDDI Corporation
                                                          Ruediger Kunze
                                                     Deutsche Telekom AG
                                                           Julien Meuric
                                                   France Telecom Orange
                                                       February 18, 2013
   
       Resource ReserVation Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) Path
                        Diversity using Exclude Routes
   
                     draft-ietf-ccamp-lsp-diversity-01.txt
   
   
   Status of this Memo
   
   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
   
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on August 17, 2013.
   
   Copyright Notice
   
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   document authors.  All rights reserved.
   
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   This document may contain material from IETF Documents or IETF
   Contributions published or made publicly available before November
   10, 2008.  The person(s) controlling the copyright in some of this
   material may not have granted the IETF Trust the right to allow
   modifications of such material outside the IETF Standards Process.
   Without obtaining an adequate license from the person(s) controlling
   the copyright in such materials, this document may not be modified
   outside the IETF Standards Process, and derivative works of it may
   not be created outside the IETF Standards Process, except to format
   it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other
   than English.
   
   Abstract
   
   RFC 4874 specifies methods by which route exclusions may be
   communicated during RSVP-TE signaling in networks where precise
   explicit paths are not computed by the LSP source node. This
   document specifies signaling for additional route exclusions based
   on Paths currently existing or expected to exist within the network.
   
   Conventions used in this document
   
   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
   
   Table of Contents
   
   
   1. Introduction ..................................................3
   2. RSVP-TE signaling extensions ..................................5
   2.1. Terminology .................................................5
   2.2. Path XRO Subobjects .........................................5
   2.2.1. IPv4 Point-to-Point Path subobject ....................... 5
   2.2.2. IPv6 Point-to-Point Path subobject ....................... 9
   2.3. Processing rules for the Path XRO subobjects  ..............10
   2.4. Path EXRS Subobject ........................................13
   2.4.1. Processing Rules for the EXRS with Path subobject ....... 14
   3. Security Considerations  .....................................14
   4. IANA Considerations  .........................................14
   4.1. New XRO subobject types ....................................14
   4.2. New EXRS subobject types ...................................15
   4.3. New RSVP error sub-codes....................................15
   
   
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   5. Acknowledgements .............................................15
   6. References ...................................................15
         6.1. Normative References .................................15
         6.2. Informative References ...............................16
   
   1. Introduction
   
      Path diversity is a well-known requirement from Service Providers.
      Such diversity is required to ensure Label-Switched Path (LSPs)
      may be established without sharing resources, thus greatly
      reducing the probability of simultaneous connection failures.
   
      When route computation for paths that need to be diverse is
      performed at the LSP's source node, this requirement can be met by
      a local decision at that node. However, there are scenarios when
      route computations are performed by remote nodes, there is a need
      for relevant diversity requirements to be communicated to those
      nodes. These include (but are not limited to):
   
      .  LSPs with loose hops in the Explicit Route Object (ERO), e.g.
        inter-domain LSPs.
   
      .  Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) User-
        Network Interface (UNI) where route computation may be
        performed by the (server layer) core node [RFC4208];
   
      [RFC4874] introduced a means of specifying nodes and resources to
      be excluded from a route, using the eXclude Route Object (XRO) and
      Explicit Exclusion Route Subobject (EXRS).
   
      [RFC4874] facilitates the calculation of diverse routes for LSPs
      based on known properties of those paths including addresses of
      links and nodes traversed, and Shared Risk Link Groups (SRLGs) of
      traversed links. This requires that these properties of the
      path(s) from which diversity is required be known to the source
      node which initiates signaling. However, there are circumstances
      under which this may not be possible or desirable, including (but
      not limited to):
   
      .  Exclusion of a path which does not originate, terminate or
         traverse the source node signaling the diverse LSP, in which
         case the addresses and SRLGs of the path from which diversity
         is required are unknown to the source node.
   
      .  Exclusion of a path which, while known at the source node of
         the diverse LSP, has incomplete or unavailable route
         information, e.g. due to confidentiality of the path
   
   
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         attributes. In other words, the scenario in which the reference
         path is hosted by the source / requesting node but the
         properties required to construct an XRO object are not known to
         source / requesting node. Inter-domain and GMPLS overlay
         networks may present such restrictions.
   
      .  If the source node knows the route of the reference path from
         which diversity is required, it can use this information to
         construct an XRO and send it in the path message during the
         signaling of a diverse LSP. However, if the route of the
         excluded path changes (e.g. due to re-optimization or failure
         in the network), the source node would need to change the
         diverse path to ensure that it remains diverse from the
         excluded path. It is preferable to have this decision made by
         the node that performed the path-calculation for the diverse
         path. For example, in the case of GMPLS-UNI, it is better to
         have such responsibility at the server layer as opposed to at
         the client layer so that the diversity requirements are
         transparent to the client layer. Furthermore, in all networking
         scenarios, if the node performing the route computation/
         expansion is aware of the diversity requirements of the two
         paths, it may consider joint re-optimization of the diverse
         paths.
   
      This document addresses such scenarios and defines procedures
      that may be used to exclude the route taken by a particular LSP,
      or the routes taken by all LSPs belonging to a single tunnel.
      Note that this diversity requirement is different from the
      diversity requirements of path protection where both the
      reference and diverse LSPs belong to the same tunnel. The
      diversity requirements considered in this document do not require
      that the paths in question belonging to the same tunnel or share
      the same source or destination node.
   
      The means by which the node calculating or expanding the route of
      the signaled LSP discovers the route of the path(s) from which
      the signaled LSP requires diversity are beyond the scope of this
      document.
   
      This document addresses only the exclusion of point-to-point
      paths; point-to-multipoint paths will be addressed in a future
      version.
   
      If mutually diverse routes are desired for two LSPs belonging to
      different tunnels, it is recommended that they be signaled with
      XRO LSP subobjects referencing each other. The processing rules
      specified in this document cover this case.
   
   
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   2. RSVP-TE signaling extensions
   
      This section describes the signaling extensions required to
      address the aforementioned requirements. Specifically, this
      document defines a new LSP subobject to be signaled in the
      EXCLUDE_ROUTE object (XRO) and/ or Explicit Exclusion Route
      Subobject (EXRS) defined in [RFC4874]. Inclusion of the LSP
      subobject in any other RSVP object is not defined.
   
   2.1. Terminology
   
      In this document, the following terminology is adopted:
   
      Excluded path: the path from which diversity is required.
   
      Diverse LSP: the LSP being signaled with XRO/ EXRS containing the
      path subobject referencing the excluded path(s).
   
      Processing node: the node performing a path-calculation involving
      an exclusion specified in an XRO or EXRS.
   
      Destination node: in the context of an XRO, this is the
      destination of the LSP being signaled. In the context of an EXRS,
      the destination node is the last explicit node to which the loose
      hop is expanded.
   
      Penultimate node: in the context of an XRO, this is the
      penultimate hop of the LSP being signaled. In the context of an
      EXRS, the penultimate node is the penultimate node of the loose
      hop undergoing expansion.
   
   2.2. Path XRO Subobjects
   
      New IPv4 and IPv6 Point-to-Point (P2P) Path XRO subobjects are
      defined by this document as follows.
   
   2.2.1. IPv4 Point-to-Point Path subobject
   
   
   
       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |L|    Type     |     Length    |Attribute Flags|Exclusion Flags|
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                 IPv4 tunnel end point address                 |
   
   
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      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |     Tunnel ID                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Extended Tunnel ID                      |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   IPv4 tunnel sender address                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |            LSP ID             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   
   
        L
             The L-flag is used as for the other XRO subobjects defined
             in [RFC4874].
   
             0 indicates that the attribute specified MUST be excluded.
   
             1 indicates that the attribute specified SHOULD be
             avoided.
   
        Type
   
             IPv4 Point-to-Point Path subobject
                       (to be assigned by IANA; suggested value: 36).
   
   
        Length
   
            The length contains the total length of the subobject in
            bytes, including the type and length fields. The length is
            always 24.
   
        Attribute Flags
   
            The Attribute Flags are used to communicate desirable
            attributes of the LSP being signaled. The following flags
            are defined. None, all or multiple attribute flags MAY be
            set within the same subobject.
   
            0x01 = LSP ID to be ignored
   
               This flag is used to indicate tunnel level exclusion.
               Specifically, this flag is used to indicate that the
               lsp-id field of the subobject is to be ignored and the
   
   
   
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               exclusion applies to any LSP matching the rest of the
               supplied FEC.
   
            0x02 = Destination node exception
   
               This flag is used to indicate that the destination node
               of the LSP being signaled MAY be shared with the
               excluded path even when this violates the exclusion
               flags.
   
            0x04 = Processing node exception
   
               This flag is used to indicate that the processing node
               MAY be shared with the excluded path even when this
               violates the exclusion flags.
   
            0x08 = Penultimate node exception
   
               This flag is used to indicate that the penultimate node
               of the LSP being signaled MAY be shared with the
               excluded path even when this violates the exclusion
               flags.
   
        Exclusion Flags
   
             The Exclusion-Flags are used to communicate desirable
             types of exclusion. The following flags are defined.
   
             0x01 = SRLG exclusion
   
                  This flag is used to indicate that the route of the
                  LSP being signaled is requested to be SRLG diverse
                  from the excluded path specified by the LSP
                  subobject.
   
             0x02 = Node exclusion
   
                  This flag is used to indicate that the route of the
                  LSP being signaled is requested to be node diverse
                  from the excluded path specified by the LSP
                  subobject.
   
                  (Note: the meaning of this flag may be modified by
                  the value of the Attribute-flags.)
   
   
   
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             0x04 = Link exclusion
   
                  This flag is used to indicate that the route of the
                  LSP being signaled is requested to be link diverse
                  from the path specified by the LSP subobject.
   
      The remaining fields are as defined in [RFC3209].
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
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   2.2.2. IPv6 Point-to-Point Path subobject
   
   
   
       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |L|    Type     |     Length    |Attribute Flags|Exclusion Flags|
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                 IPv6 tunnel end point address                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |             IPv6 tunnel end point address (cont.)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |             IPv6 tunnel end point address (cont.)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |             IPv6 tunnel end point address (cont.)             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |     Tunnel ID                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Extended Tunnel ID                      |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   Extended Tunnel ID (cont.)                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   Extended Tunnel ID (cont.)                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   Extended Tunnel ID (cont.)                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   IPv4 tunnel sender address                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |               IPv4 tunnel sender address (cont.)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |               IPv4 tunnel sender address (cont.)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |               IPv4 tunnel sender address (cont.)              |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |            LSP ID             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   
   
        L
             The L-flag is used as for the other XRO subobjects defined
             in [RFC4874].
   
             0 indicates that the attribute specified MUST be excluded.
   
   
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             1 indicates that the attribute specified SHOULD be
             avoided.
   
        Type
   
             IPv6 Point-to-Point Path subobject
                       (to be assigned by IANA; suggested value: 37).
   
   
        Length
   
            The length contains the total length of the subobject in
            bytes, including the type and length fields. The length is
            always 48.
   
      The Attribute Flags and Exclusion Flags are as defined for the
      IPv4 Point-to-Point LSP XRO subobject.
   
      The remaining fields are as defined in [RFC3209].
   
   
   2.3. Processing rules for the Path XRO subobjects
   
      XRO processing as described in [RFC4874] is unchanged.
   
      If the processing node is the destination for the LSP being
      signaled, it SHOULD NOT process a Path XRO subobject.
   
      If the L-flag is not set, the processing node follows the
      following procedure:
   
      -  The processing node MUST ensure that any route calculated for
         the signaled LSP respects the requested exclusion flags with
         respect to the excluded path referenced by the subobject,
         including local resources.
   
      -  If the processing node fails to find a route that meets the
         requested constraint, the processing node MUST return a PathErr
         with the error code "Routing Problem" (24) and error sub-code
         "Route blocked by Exclude Route" (67).
   
      -  If the excluded path referenced in the LSP subobject is
         unknown to the processing node, the processing node SHOULD
         ignore the LSP subobject in the XRO and SHOULD proceed with the
   
   
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         signaling request. After sending the Resv for the signaled LSP,
         the processing node SHOULD return a PathErr with the error code
         "Notify Error" (25) and error sub-code "Route of XRO path
         unknown" (value to be assigned by IANA, suggested value: 13)
         for the signaled LSP.
   
      If the L-flag is set, the processing node follows the following
      procedure:
   
      -  The processing node SHOULD respect the requested exclusion
         flags with respect to the excluded path as far as possible.
   
      -  If the processing node fails to find a route that meets the
         requested constraint, it SHOULD proceed with signaling using a
         suitable route that meets the constraint as far as possible.
         After sending the Resv for the signaled LSP, it SHOULD return a
         PathErr message with error code "Notify Error" (25) and error
         sub-code "Failed to respect Exclude Route" (value: to be
         assigned by IANA, suggest value: 14) to the source node.
   
      -  If the excluded path referenced in the LSP subobject is
         unknown to the processing node, the processing node SHOULD
         ignore the LSP subobject in the XRO and SHOULD proceed with the
         signaling request. After sending the Resv for signaled LSP, the
         processing node SHOULD return a PathErr message with the error
         code "Notify Error" (25) and error sub-code "Route of XRO path
         unknown" for the signaled LSP.
   
      If, subsequent to the initial signaling of a diverse LSP:
   
      -   an excluded path referenced in the diverse LSP's XRO
         subobject becomes known to the processing node (e.g. when the
         excluded path is signaled), or
   
      -   A change in the excluded path becomes known to the processing
         node,
   
      the processing node SHOULD re-evaluate the exclusion and
      diversity constraints requested by the diverse LSP to determine
      whether they are still satisfied.
   
      -   If the requested exclusion constraints for the diverse LSP
         are no longer satisfied and an alternative route for the
         diverse LSP that can satisfy those constraints exists, the
         processing node SHOULD send a PathErr message for the diverse
         LSP with the error code "Notify Error" (25) and error sub-code
         "Preferable path exists" (6). A source node receiving a PathErr
   
   
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         message with this error code and sub-code combination MAY try
         to reoptimize the diverse tunnel to the new compliant path.
   
      -   If the requested exclusion constraints for the diverse LSP
         are no longer satisfied and no alternative path for the diverse
         LSP that can satisfy those constraints exists, then:
   
           o If the L-flag was not set in the original exclusion, the
              processing node MUST send a PathErr message for the
              diverse LSP with the error code "Routing Problem" (24) and
              error sub-code "Route blocked by Exclude Route" (67). The
              PSR flag SHOULD NOT be set.
   
           o If the L-flag was set in the original exclusion, the
              processing node SHOULD send a PathErr message for the
              diverse LSP with the error code error code "Notify Error"
              (25) and error sub-code "Failed to respect Exclude Route"
              (value: to be assigned by IANA, suggest value: 14).
   
      The following rules apply whether or not the L-flag is set:
   
      -  An XRO object MAY contain multiple path subobjects.
   
      -  As specified in [RFC4874], a node receiving a Path message
         carrying an XRO MAY reject the message if the XRO is too large
         or complicated for the local implementation or the rules of
         local policy. In this case, the node MUST send a PathErr
         message with the error code "Routing Error" (24) and error sub-
         code "XRO Too Complex" (68).  A source node receiving this
         error code/sub-code combination MAY reduce the complexity of
         the XRO or route around the node that rejected the XRO.
   
      -  A source node receiving a PathErr message with the error code
         "Notify Error" (25) and error sub-codes "Route of XRO path
         unknown" or "Failed to respect Exclude Route" MAY take no
         action.
   
      -  The attribute-flags affect the processing of the XRO subobject
         as follows:
   
           o  When the "LSP ID to be ignored" flag is set, the
             processing node MUST calculate a route based on exclusions
             from the routes of all known LSPs matching the tunnel-id,
             source, destination and extended tunnel-id specified in
             the subobject. When this flag is not set, the lsp-id is
             not ignored and the exclusion applies only to the
             specified LSP (i.e., LSP level exclusion).
   
   
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           o  When the "destination node exception" flag is not set, the
             exclusion flags SHOULD also be respected for the
             destination node.
   
           o  When the "processing node exception" flag is not set, the
             exclusion flags SHOULD also be respected for the
             processing node.
   
           o  When the "penultimate node exception" flag is not set, the
             exclusion flags SHOULD also be respected for the
             penultimate node.
   
   2.4. Path EXRS Subobject
   
      [RFC4874] defines the EXRS ERO subobject. An EXRS is used to
      identify abstract nodes or resources that must not or should not
      be used on the path between two inclusive abstract nodes or
      resources in the explicit route. An EXRS contains one or more
      subobjects of its own, called EXRS subobjects [RFC4874].
   
      An EXRS MAY include an IPv4 Point-to-Point (P2P) Path subobject
      as specified in section 2.2.1. In this case, the EXRS format
      would be as follows:
   
      0                   1                   2                   3
      0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |L|    Type     |     Length    |           Reserved            |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |L|    Type     |     Length    |Attribute Flags|Exclusion Flags|
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                 IPv4 tunnel end point address                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |     Tunnel ID                 |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                       Extended Tunnel ID                      |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |                   IPv4 tunnel sender address                  |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      |          Must Be Zero         |            LSP ID             |
      +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   
   
      The meaning of respective fields in EXRS header is as defined in
      [RFC4874]. The meaning of respective fields in IPv4 P2P Path
   
   
   
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      subobject is as defined earlier in this document. This is with
      the exceptions that:
   
      -  The processing node exception applies to the node processing
         the ERO.
   
      -  If the L bit in the ERO header is not set (ERO.L = 0), the
         IPv4 P2P Path subobject is processed against the path(s) for
         which the processing node is a source, destination or transit
         node.
   
      -  The penultimate node exception applies to the penultimate node
         of the loose hop. This flag is only processed if the ERO.L bit
         is set, i.e. in the loose ERO hop case.
   
      -  The destination node exception applies to the last explicit
         node to which the loose hop is expanded. This flag is only
         processed if ERO.L bit is set, i.e., in the loose ERO hop case.
   
   2.4.1. Processing Rules for the EXRS with Path subobject
   
      The processing rules for the EXRS object are unchanged from
      [RFC4874]. When the EXRS contains one or more Path subobject(s),
      the processing rules specified in Section 2.3 apply to the node
      processing the ERO with the EXRS subobject.
   
      The EXRS scope is limited to the loose hop in which the EXRS
      appears. If loose-hop expansion results in the creation of
      another loose-hop in the outgoing ERO, the processing node MAY
      include the EXRS in the newly-created loose hop for further
      processing by downstream nodes.
   
   3. Security Considerations
   
      This document does not introduce any additional security issues
      above those identified in [RFC5920], [RFC2205], [RFC3209],
      [RFC3473] and [RFC4874].
   
   4. IANA Considerations
   
   4.1. New XRO subobject types
   
      IANA registry: RSVP PARAMETERS
      Subsection: Class Names, Class Numbers, and Class Types
   
   
   
   
   
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      This document introduces two new subobjects for the EXCLUDE_ROUTE
      object [RFC4874], C-Type 1.
   
      Subobject Type
                         Subobject Description
      --------------
                         ---------------------
      To be assigned by IANA                    IPv4 P2P Path subobject
        (suggested value: 36)
      To be assigned by IANA                    IPv6 P2P Path subobject
        (suggested value: 37)
   
   4.2. New EXRS subobject types
   
      The IPv4 and IPv6 P2P Path subobjects are also defined as new
      EXRS subobjects.
   
   4.3. New RSVP error sub-codes
   
      IANA registry: RSVP PARAMETERS
      Subsection: Error Codes and Globally-Defined Error Value Sub-
      Codes
   
      For Error Code "Notify Error" (25) (see [RFC3209]) the following
      sub-codes are defined.
   
         Sub-code                            Value
         --------                            -----
   
         Route of XRO path unknown           To be assigned by IANA.
                                             Suggested Value: 13.
   
         Failed to respect Exclude Route     To be assigned by IANA.
                                             Suggested Value: 14.
   
   5. Acknowledgements
   
      The authors would like to thank Luyuan Fang and Walid Wakim for
      their review comments.
   
   6. References
   
   6.1. Normative References
   
      [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
                Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
   
   
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      [RFC3209] Awduche, D., Berger, L., Gan, D., Li, T., Srinivasan,
                V., and G. Swallow, "RSVP-TE: Extensions to RSVP for
                LSP Tunnels", RFC 3209, December 2001.
   
      [RFC3473] Berger, L., "Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching
                (GMPLS) Signaling Resource ReserVation Protocol-Traffic
                Engineering (RSVP-TE) Extensions", RFC 3473, January
                2003.
   
      [RFC4874] Lee, CY., Farrel, A., and S. De Cnodder, "Exclude
                Routes - Extension to Resource ReserVation Protocol-
                Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE)", RFC 4874, April 2007.
   
   6.2. Informative References
   
      [RFC4208] Swallow, G., Drake, J., Ishimatsu, H., and Y. Rekhter,
                "Generalized Multiprotocol Label Switching (GMPLS)
                User-Network Interface (UNI): Resource ReserVation
                Protocol-Traffic Engineering (RSVP-TE) Support for the
                Overlay Model", RFC 4208, October 2005.
   
      [RFC2209] Braden, R. and L. Zhang, "Resource ReSerVation Protocol
                (RSVP) -- Version 1 Message Processing Rules", RFC
                2209, September 1997.
   
      [RFC5920] Fang, L., Ed., "Security Framework for MPLS and GMPLS
                Networks", RFC 5920, July 2010.
   
   
   
   Authors' Addresses
   
      Zafar Ali
      Cisco Systems.
      Email: zali@cisco.com
   
      George Swallow
      Cisco Systems
      swallow@cisco.com
   
      Clarence Filsfils
      Cisco Systems, Inc.
      cfilsfil@cisco.com
   
   
   
   
   
   
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      Matt Hartley
      Cisco Systems
      Email: mhartley@cisco.com
   
      Ori Gerstel
      Cisco Systems
      ogerstel@cisco.com
   
      Gabriele Maria Galimberti
      Cisco Systems
      ggalimbe@cisco.com
   
      Kenji Kumaki
      KDDI Corporation
      Email: ke-kumaki@kddi.com
   
      Rudiger Kunze
      Deutsche Telekom AG
      Ruediger.Kunze@telekom.de
   
      Julien Meuric
      France Telecom Orange
      Email: julien.meuric@orange.com
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
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