Diameter Maintenance and                                J. Korhonen, Ed.
Extensions (DIME)                                            TeliaSonera
Internet-Draft                                             H. Tschofenig
Intended status: Standards Track                  Nokia Siemens Networks
Expires: April 1, 2008                                   M. Arumaithurai
                                                University of Goettingen
                                                      September 29, 2007


               Quality of Service Attributes for Diameter
                 draft-ietf-dime-qos-attributes-02.txt

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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2007).

Abstract

   This document extends the QoSFilterRule AVP functionality of the
   Diameter Base protocol and the functionality of the QoS-Filter-Rule
   AVP defined in RFC 4005.  The ability to convey Quality of Service
   information is made available to the Diameter Network Access Server
   Application, the Diameter Credit Control Application and the Diameter



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   Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Application.  Future
   Diameter applications can easily integrate Quality of Service support
   in addition to packet filtering.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   3.  Commands, AVPs and Advertising Application Support . . . . . .  3
     3.1.  Command Codes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     3.2.  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.3.  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     3.4.  Credit-Control-Request (CCR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.5.  Credit-Control-Answer (CCA)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.6.  AA-Request (AAR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     3.7.  AA-Answer (AAA)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   4.  Diameter QoS Defined AVPs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     4.1.  QoS-Capability AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     4.2.  QoS-Profile AVP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     4.3.  QoS-Resources AVP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     4.4.  Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
     4.5.  QoSBlob-Group AVP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     4.6.  QoS-ID AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     4.7.  QoS-ObjectType . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     4.8.  QoSBlob AVP  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     4.9.  QoS-Flow-State AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
     4.10. QoS-Flow-Direction AVP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   5.  Semantics of QoS Parameters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
   6.  Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     6.1.  Diameter EAP with QoS Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
     6.2.  Diameter NASREQ with QoS Information . . . . . . . . . . . 14
     6.3.  QoS Authorization  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
     6.4.  Diameter Server Initiated Re-authorization of QoS  . . . . 16
     6.5.  Diameter Credit Control with QoS Information . . . . . . . 17
   7.  AVP Occurrence Tables  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     7.1.  DER and DEA Commands AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     7.2.  CCR and CCA Commands AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     7.3.  AAR and AAA Commands AVP Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   8.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   9.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
   10. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
   11. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     11.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     11.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
   Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . . . . . . 23




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1.  Introduction

   This document defines a number of Diameter Quality of Service (QoS)
   related AVPs that can be used with the Diameter Base protocol, and
   the Diameter Credit Control Application, the Diameter Extensible
   Authentication Protocol (EAP) Application and the Diameter Network
   Access Server Application to convey Quality of Service information.
   The Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule AVP thereby replaces the QoSFilterRule,
   defined in RFC 3588 [RFC3588], and the QoS-Filter-Rule, defined in
   RFC 4005 [RFC4005].


2.  Terminology

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].


3.  Commands, AVPs and Advertising Application Support

3.1.  Command Codes

   This document re-uses the Diameter Base protocol [RFC3588], Diameter
   Credit Control [RFC4006], Diameter NASREQ [RFC4005] and Diameter EAP
   [RFC4072] application commands.  The following commands are re-used
   to carry QoS related AVPs:



   Command-Name             Abbrev.   Code     Reference

   Diameter-EAP-Request      DER       268      RFC 4072
   Diameter-EAP-Answer       DEA       268      RFC 4072

   Credit-Control-Request    CCR       272      RFC 4006
   Credit-Control-Answer     CCA       272      RFC 4006

   AA-Request                AAR       265      RFC 4005
   AA-Answer                 AAA       265      RFC 4005


                          Figure 1: Command Codes

   When the Re-Auth-Request (RAR), Re-Auth-Answer (RAA), Session-
   Termination-Request (STR), Session-Termination-Answer (STA), Abort-
   Session-Request (ASR), Abort-Session-Answer (ASA), Accounting-Request
   (ACR), and Accounting-Answer (ACA) commands are used together with



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   this specification they follow the rules in Diameter NASREQ
   [RFC4005], Diameter EAP [RFC4072], Credit Control [RFC4006] and
   Diameter Base Protocol [RFC3588].  The accounting commands use the
   Application Identifier value of the respective application.

3.2.  Diameter-EAP-Request (DER)

   The Diameter-EAP-Request (DER) command [RFC4072], indicated by the
   Command-Code field set to 268 and the 'R' bit set in the Command
   Flags field, may be sent by the NAS to the Diameter server providing
   network access authentication and authorization services.  At the
   same time as the network access authentication and authorization, the
   NAS MAY request the Diameter server to authorize provisioning of QoS
   resources.

   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4072] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 2 shows the DER message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:



     <Diameter-EAP-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, REQ, PXY >
                                < Session-Id >
                                { Auth-Application-Id }
                                { Origin-Host }
                                { Origin-Realm }
                                { Destination-Realm }
                                { Auth-Request-Type }

                                [ Destination-Host ]
                                [ User-Name ]

                                [ QoS-Capability ]
                              * [ QoS-Resources ]

                                ...
                              * [ AVP ]

                  Figure 2: Diameter EAP Request Command

3.3.  Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA)

   The Diameter-EAP-Answer (DEA) message defined in [RFC4072], indicated
   by the Command- Code field set to 268 and 'R' bit cleared in the
   Command Flags field is sent in response to the Diameter-EAP-Request
   message (DER).  If the QoS service is successfully authorized and the
   Diameter server was able to fulfill the QoS Authorization request (if
   needed) then the response MAY include the QoS-Resources AVPs.



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   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4072] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 3 shows the DEA message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:



     <Diameter-EAP-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 268, PXY >
                               < Session-Id >
                               { Auth-Application-Id }
                               { Auth-Request-Type }
                               { Result-Code }
                               { Origin-Host }
                               { Origin-Realm }

                             * [ QoS-Resources ]

                               [ Session-Timeout ]
                               [ User-Name ]
                               ...
                             * [ AVP ]

                   Figure 3: Diameter EAP Answer Command

3.4.  Credit-Control-Request (CCR)

   The Credit-Control-Request (CCR) command [RFC4006], indicated by the
   Command-Code field set to 272 and the 'R' bit set in the Command
   Flags field, may be sent by the NAS to the Diameter-QoS server to
   request QoS credit authorization for a given QoS provisioning
   request.  In that case the CCR command MAY also carry the QoS-
   Resources AVPs.

   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4006] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 4 shows the CCR message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:
















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     <Credit-Control-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 272, REQ, PXY >
                                  < Session-Id >
                                  { Auth-Application-Id }
                                  { Origin-Host }
                                  { Origin-Realm }
                                  { Destination-Realm }
                                  { Auth-Request-Type }
                                  { Service-Context-Id }
                                  { CC-Request-Type }
                                  { CC-Request-Number }
                                  [ Destination-Host ]
                                  [ User-Name ]

                                  [ QoS-Capability ]
                                * [ QoS-Resources ]

                                  ...
                                * [ AVP ]

                 Figure 4: Credit Control Request Command

3.5.  Credit-Control-Answer (CCA)

   The Credit-Control-Answer (CCA) command [RFC4006], indicated by the
   Command-Code field set to 272 and the 'R' bit set in the Command
   Flags field is sent in response to the CC-Request (CCR) message to
   acknowledge a CC-Request command.  If the Diameter QoS server was
   able to fulfill the QoS request (if needed) then the response MAY
   include the QoS-Resources AVPs.

   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4006] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 5 shows the CCA message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:


















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     <Credit-Control-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 272, PXY >
                                 < Session-Id >
                                 { Result-Code }
                                 { Origin-Host }
                                 { Origin-Realm }
                                 { Auth-Application-Id }
                                 { CC-Request-Type }
                                 { CC-Request-Number }
                                 [ User-Name ]
                                 [ CC-Session-Failover ]
                                 [ CC-Sub-Session-Id ]
                                 [ Acct-Multi-Session-Id ]
                                 [ Origin-State-Id ]
                                 [ Event-Timestamp ]

                               * [ QoS-Resources ]

                                 ...
                               * [ AVP ]

                  Figure 5: Credit Control Answer Command

3.6.  AA-Request (AAR)

   The AA-Request (AAR) message, indicated by the Command-Code field set
   to 265 and 'R' bit set in the Command Flags field, may be sent by the
   NAS to the Diameter server providing network access configuration
   services.  At the same time as the network access authentication and
   authorization, the NAS MAY request the Diameter server to authorize
   provisioning of QoS resources.

   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4005] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 6 shows the AAR message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:

















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     <AA-Request> ::= < Diameter Header: 265, REQ, PXY >
                      < Session-Id >
                      { Auth-Application-Id }
                      { Origin-Host }
                      { Origin-Realm }
                      { Destination-Realm }
                      { Auth-Request-Type }

                      [ QoS-Capability ]
                    * [ QoS-Resources ]

                      [ Destination-Host ]
                      ...
                    * [ AVP ]

                       Figure 6: AA Request Command

3.7.  AA-Answer (AAA)

   The AA-Answer (AAA) message, indicated by the Command-Code field set
   to 265 and 'R' bit cleared in the Command Flags field is sent in
   response to the AA-Request (AAR) message for confirmation of the
   result of QoS provisioning.  If the QoS service is successfully
   authorized and the Diameter server was able to fulfill the QoS
   provisioning request (if needed) then the response MAY include the
   QoS-Resources AVPs.

   The message format is the same as defined in [RFC4005] with an
   addition of QoS specific AVPs.  Figure 7 shows the AAA message used
   with the QoS specific AVPs:



     <AA-Answer> ::= < Diameter Header: 265, PXY >
                     < Session-Id >
                     { Auth-Application-Id }
                     { Auth-Request-Type }
                     { Result-Code }
                     { Origin-Host }
                     { Origin-Realm }

                   * [ QoS-Resources ]

                     [ User-Name ]
                     [ Session-Timeout ]
                     ...
                   * [ AVP ]




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                        Figure 7: AA Answer Command


4.  Diameter QoS Defined AVPs

   The following table lists the Diameter AVPs used by this document,
   their AVP code values, types, possible flag values, and whether the
   AVP may be encrypted.


                                                    +------------------+
                                                    |  AVP Flag Rules  |
  +-------------------------------------------------|----+---+----+----+
  |                          AVP  Section           |MUST|MAY|SHLD|MUST|
  | Attribute Name           Code Defined Data Type |    |   | NOT| NOT|
  +-------------------------------------------------+----+---+----+----+
  |QoS-Capability            TBD    4.1  Grouped    |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-Profile               TBD    4.2  Unsigned32 |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-Resources             TBD    4.3  Grouped    |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule  TBD    4.4  Grouped    |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoSBlob-Group             TBD    4.5  Grouped    |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-ID                    TBD    4.6  Unsigned32 |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-ObjectType            TBD    4.7  Enumerated |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoSBlob                   TBD    4.8  OctetString|    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-Flow-State            TBD    4.9  Enumerated |    |M,P|    | V  |
  |QoS-Flow-Direction        TBD    4.10 Enumerated |    |M,P|    | V  |
  +-------------------------------------------------+----+---+----+----+

4.1.  QoS-Capability AVP

   The QoS-Capability AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Grouped and contains
   a list of supported Quality of Service profiles (and therefore the
   support of respective AVPs).


   QoS-Capability ::= < AVP Header: XXX >
                             1* { QoS-Profile }
                              * [ AVP ]

4.2.  QoS-Profile AVP

   The QoS-Profile AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned64 and contains
   the vendor and a specifier field.  The 64-bit value in the QoS-
   Profile AVP is structured as shown below.







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    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                           Vendor                              |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |                           Specifier                           |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Vendor Field:

      32 bits of IANA SMI Network Management Private Enterprise Code.
      The Vendor-ID 0x00000000 is reserved for IANA registered QoS
      profiles.

   Specifier Field:

      32-bit unsigned integer, representing the defined profile value.

   An initial QoS profile is defined with vendor field set to 0x00000000
   and the specifier field set to 0, as described in
   [I-D.ietf-dime-qos-parameters].  The registry for the QoS profiles is
   created with the same document.

4.3.  QoS-Resources AVP

   The QoS-Resources AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Grouped and includes
   description of the Quality of Service resources.


   QoS-Resources ::= < AVP Header: XXX >
                  0* [ Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule ]
                  0* [ QoSBlob-Group ]
                     [ QoS-Flow-State ]
                   * [ AVP ]

4.4.  Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule AVP

   TheExtended-QoS-Filter-Rule AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Grouped.
   The QoS filter rule associated with the QoS-ID re-uses the RADIUS
   NAS-Traffic-Rule AVP [I-D.ietf-radext-filter-rules].  This AVP ties a
   specific filter to a QoS-ID that in turn refers to a specific
   QoSBlob-Group.  At least either one of the NAS-Traffic-Rule or the
   QoS-Flow-Direction AVPs SHOULD be included.








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   Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule ::= < AVP Header: XXX >
                                { QoS-ID }
                                [ NAS-Traffic-Rule ]
                                [ QoS-Flow-Direction ]
                              * [ AVP ]

4.5.  QoSBlob-Group AVP

   The QoSBlob-Group AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Grouped and ties the
   QoS-ID AVP together to the QoSBlob AVP.  All parameters followed by
   the QoSBlob-Type AVP refer to the same QoS model/profile.


   QoSBlob-Group ::= < AVP Header: XXX >
                     { QoS-ID }
                     { QoS-ObjectType }
                     { QoS-Profile }
                  0* [ QoSBlob ]
                   * [ AVP ]

   It is possible to have predefined QoS profiles that contains very
   specific QoS values and refer to it only using a specifically
   assigned QoS-Profile AVP value.  In this case including QoSBlob AVP
   is not needed.

4.6.  QoS-ID AVP

   The QoS-ID AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Unsigned32 and references
   the QoSBlob.

4.7.  QoS-ObjectType

   The QoS-ObjectType AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated and
   provides the semantic for the content of the QoSBlob AVP.

   This document defines the following values:

    (0): QoS-Desired
    (1): QoS-Available
    (2): QoS-Reserved
    (3): Minimum-QoS
    (4): QoS-Authorized

4.8.  QoSBlob AVP

   The QoSBlob AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type OctetString and contains
   Quality of Service parameters.  These parameters are defined in a
   separate document, see [I-D.ietf-dime-qos-parameters].



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4.9.  QoS-Flow-State AVP

   The QoS-Flow-State AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.  It
   gives an indication as to how the flow has to be treated.  The
   Extended-QoS-Filter-Rule already provides an indicate whether a flow
   is permitted or denied.  This optional AVP provides additional
   information about the treatment.  Currently, a single value is
   defined; further values are available via IANA registration.

     Value | Name and Semantic
     ------+------------------------------------------------------------
       0   | QOS_FLOW_STATE_PENDING - The QoS reservation is kept
           | pending. The QoS resources are not installed and subsequent
           | QoS signaling is necessary to active them.

4.10.  QoS-Flow-Direction AVP

   The QoS-Flow-Direction AVP (AVP Code TBD) is of type Enumerated.  It
   gives an indication of the direction the provided QoS information
   should be applied to.  The QoS information can be applied to downlink
   flows or to uplink flows.  The QoS-Flow-Direction AVP may be used in
   conjunction with the NAS-Traffic-Rule AVP.  In a case conflicting
   definitions between the QoS-Flow-Direction and the NAS-Traffic-Rule,
   the QoS-Flow-Direction has precedence meaning the filter rules are
   applied only to the flows going to the direction indicated by the
   QoS-Flow-Direction AVP.  In the absence of the QoS-Flow-Direction the
   default treatment is to both directions.  Currently, three values are
   defined; further values are available via IANA registration.


     Value | Name and Semantic
     ------+------------------------------------------------------------
       0   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_BOTH - The QoS information in applied to
           | both downlink and uplink flows. This is also the default.
       1   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_DL - The QoS information in applied to
           | downlink flows only.
       2   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_UL - The QoS information in applied to
           | uplink flows only.


5.  Semantics of QoS Parameters

   The QoS parameters carried in the QoS-Resources AVP may appear in
   different messages.  The semantic of the QoS parameters depend on the
   information provided in the Object Type defined in
   [I-D.ietf-dime-qos-parameters].  The Object Type currently lists 5
   values, namely QoS-Desired (0), QoS-Available (1), QoS-Reserved (2),
   Minimum-QoS (3), and QoS-Authorized (4).



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   The semantics of the different Object Types are as follows:

  Object Type    Direction   Semantic
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  QoS-Desired     C->S       Please authorize the indicated QoS
  QoS-Desired     C<-S       NA
  QoS-Available   C->S       Adminission Control at router indicates
                             that this QoS is available. (note 1)
  QoS-Available   C<-S       Indicated QoS is available. (note 2)
  QoS-Reserved    C->S       Used for reporting during accounting.
  QoS-Reserved    C<-S       NA
  Minimum-QoS     C->S       Indicates that the client is not interested
                             interested in authorizing QoS that is
                             lower than Min. QoS
  Minimum-QoS     C<-S       The client must not provide QoS guarantees
                             lower than Min. QoS
  QoS-Authorized  C->S       NA
  QoS-Authorized  C<-S       Indicated QoS authorized

  Legend:

    C: Diameter client
    S: Diameter server
    NA: Not applicable to this document;
        no semantic defined in this specification

  Notes:

   (1) QoS-Available is only useful in relationship with QoS-Desired
       (and optionally with Minimum-QoS).
   (2) QoS-Available is only useful when the AAA server performs
       admission control and knows about the resources in the network.


6.  Examples

   This section shows a number of signaling flows where QoS negotiation
   and authorization is part of the conventional NASREQ, EAP or Credit
   Control applications message exchanges.

6.1.  Diameter EAP with QoS Information

   Figure 18 shows a simple signaling flow where a NAS (Diameter Client)
   announces its QoS awareness and capabilities included into the DER
   message and as part of the access authentication procedure.  Upon
   completion of the EAP exchange, the Diameter Server provides a pre-
   provisioned QoS profile with the QoS-ObjectType in the QoSBlob-Group
   AVP set to "QoS-Authorized", to the NAS in the final DEA message.



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   End                            Diameter                      Diameter
   Host                            Client                         server
    |                                |                                |
    |        (initiate EAP)          |                                |
    |<------------------------------>|                                |
    |                                | Diameter-EAP-Request           |
    |                                | EAP-Payload(EAP Start)         |
    |                                | QoS-Capability                 |
    |                                |------------------------------->|
    |                                |                                |
    |                                |            Diameter-EAP-Answer |
    |                           Result-Code=DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH |
    |                                |    EAP-Payload(EAP Request #1) |
    |                                |<-------------------------------|
    |          EAP Request(Identity) |                                |
    |<-------------------------------|                                |
    :                                :                                :
    :                      <<<more message exchanges>>>               :
    :                                :                                :
    |                                |                                |
    | EAP Response #N                |                                |
    |------------------------------->|                                |
    |                                | Diameter-EAP-Request           |
    |                                | EAP-Payload(EAP Response #N)   |
    |                                |------------------------------->|
    |                                |                                |
    |                                |            Diameter-EAP-Answer |
    |                                |   Result-Code=DIAMETER_SUCCESS |
    |                                |       EAP-Payload(EAP Success) |
    |                                |       [EAP-Master-Session-Key] |
    |                                |           (authorization AVPs) |
    |                                |  QoS-Resources(QoS-Authorized) |
    |                                |<-------------------------------|
    |                                |                                |
    |                    EAP Success |                                |
    |<-------------------------------|                                |
    |                                |                                |

    Figure 18: Example of a Diameter EAP enhanced with QoS Information

6.2.  Diameter NASREQ with QoS Information

   Figure 19 shows a similar pre-provisioned QoS signaling as in
   Figure 18 but using the NASREQ application instead of EAP
   application.






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      End                                             Diameter
      Host               NAS                            Server
       |                  |                              |
       |  Start Network   |                              |
       |  Attachment      |                              |
       |<---------------->|                              |
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |AA-Request                    |
       |                  |NASREQ-Payload                |
       |                  |QoS-Capability                |
       |                  +----------------------------->|
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                     AA-Answer|
       |            Result-Code=DIAMETER_MULTI_ROUND_AUTH|
       |                NASREQ-Payload(NASREQ Request #1)|
       |                  |<-----------------------------+
       |                  |                              |
       | Request          |                              |
       |<-----------------+                              |
       |                  |                              |
       :                  :                              :
       :          <<<more message exchanges>>>           :
       :                  :                              :
       | Response #N      |                              |
       +----------------->|                              |
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |AA-Request                    |
       |                  |NASREQ-Payload ( Response #N )|
       |                  +----------------------------->|
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                     AA-Answer|
       |                  |  Result-Code=DIAMETER_SUCCESS|
       |                  |          (authorization AVPs)|
       |                  |QoS-Resources(QoS-Authorized) |
       |                  |<-----------------------------+
       |                  |                              |
       | Success          |                              |
       |<-----------------+                              |
       |                  |                              |

   Figure 19: Example of a Diameter NASREQ enhanced with QoS Information

6.3.  QoS Authorization

   Figure 20 shows an example of authorization only QoS signaling as
   part of the NASREQ message exchange.  The NAS provides the Diameter
   server with the "QoS-Desired" QoS-ObjectType AVP included in the QoS-
   Resources AVP.  The Diameter server then either authorizes the



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   indicated QoS or rejects the request and informs the NAS about the
   result.  In this scenario the NAS does not need to include the QoS-
   Capability AVP in the AAR message as the QoS-Resources AVP implicitly
   does the same and also the NAS is authorizing a specific QoS profile,
   not a pre-provisioned one.


       End                                            Diameter
       Host               NAS                          Server
        |                  |                              |
        |                  |                              |
        |  QoS Request     |                              |
        +----------------->|                              |
        |                  |                              |
        |                  |AA-Request                    |
        |                  |Auth-Request-Type=AUTHORIZE_ONLY
        |                  |NASREQ-Payload                |
        |                  |QoS-Resources(QoS-Desired)    |
        |                  +----------------------------->|
        |                  |                              |
        |                  |                     AA-Answer|
        |                  |       NASREQ-Payload(Success)|
        |                  | QoS-Resources(QoS-Authorized)|
        |                  |<-----------------------------+
        |  Accept          |                              |
        |<-----------------+                              |
        |                  |                              |
        |                  |                              |
        |                  |                              |

         Figure 20: Example of an Authorization-Only Message Flow

6.4.  Diameter Server Initiated Re-authorization of QoS

   Figure 21 shows a message exchange for a Diameter server initiated
   QoS re-authorization procedure.  The Diameter server sends the NAS a
   RAR message requesting re-authorization for an existing session and
   the NAS acknowledges it with a RAA message.  The NAS is aware of its
   existing QoS profile and information for the ongoing session that the
   Diameter server requested for re-authorization.  Thus, the NAS must
   initiate re-authorization of the existing QoS profile.  The re-
   authorization procedure is the same as in Figure 20.









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      End                                             Diameter
      Host               NAS                            Server
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                              |
       :                  :                              :
       :          <<<Initial Messag Exchanges>>>         :
       :                  :                              :
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                   RA-Request |
       |                  |<-----------------------------+
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |RA-Answer                     |
       |                  |Result-Code=DIAMETER_SUCCESS  |
       |                  +----------------------------->|
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |AA-Request                    |
       |                  |NASREQ-Payload                |
       |                  |Auth-Request-Type=AUTHORIZE_ONLY
       |                  |QoS-Resources(QoS-Desired)    |
       |                  +----------------------------->|
       |                  |                              |
       |                  |                     AA-Answer|
       |                  |  Result-Code=DIAMETER_SUCCESS|
       |                  |          (authorization AVPs)|
       |                  | QoS-Resources(QoS-Authorized)|
       |                  |<-----------------------------+
       |                  |                              |

    Figure 21: Example of a Server-initiated Re-Authorization Procedure

6.5.  Diameter Credit Control with QoS Information

   In this case the User is charged as soon as the Service Element (CC
   client) receives the service request.  In this case the client uses
   the "QoS-Desired" QoS-ObjectType parameter in the QoS-Resources AVP
   that it sends to the Accounitng server.  The server responds with a
   "QoS-Available" QoS-ObjectType parameter in the QoS-Resources AVP













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                        Service Element
     End User            (CC Client)           B           CC Server
        |                     |                |                |
        |(1) Service Request  |                |                |
        |-------------------->|                |                |
        |                     |(2)  CCR (event, DIRECT_DEBITING,|
        |                     |     QoS-Resources[QoS-desired]) |
        |                     |-------------------------------->|
        |                     |(3)  CCA (Granted-Units, QoS-    |
        |                     |     Resources[QoS-Authorized])  |
        |                     |<--------------------------------|
        |(4) Service Delivery |                |                |
        |<--------------------|                |                |
        |(5) Begin service    |                |                |
        |<------------------------------------>|                |
        |                     |                |                |
        .                     .                .                .
        .                     .                .                .

    Figure 22: Example for a One-Time Diameter Credit Control Charging
                                   Event


7.  AVP Occurrence Tables

7.1.  DER and DEA Commands AVP Table

   The following table lists the Quality of Service specific AVPs
   defined in this document that may be present in the DER and DEA
   Commands, as defined in this document and in [RFC4072].


                                        +---------------+
                                        |  Command-Code |
                                        |-------+-------+
         Attribute Name                 |  DER  |  DEA  |
         -------------------------------+-------+-------+
         QoS-Capability                 |  0-1  |   0   |
         QoS-Resources                  |   0+  |   0+  |
                                        +-------+-------+

                 Figure 23: DER and DEA Commands AVP table

7.2.  CCR and CCA Commands AVP Table

   The following table lists the Quality of Service specific AVPs
   defined in this document that may be present in the CCR and CCA
   Commands, as defined in this document and in [RFC4006].



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                                        +---------------+
                                        |  Command-Code |
                                        |-------+-------+
         Attribute Name                 |  CCR  |  CCA  |
         -------------------------------+-------+-------+
         QoS-Capability                 |  0-1  |   0   |
         QoS-Resources                  |   0+  |   0+  |
                                        +-------+-------+

                 Figure 24: CCR and CCA Commands AVP table

7.3.  AAR and AAA Commands AVP Table

   The following table lists the Quality of Service specific AVPs
   defined in this document that may be present in the AAR and AAA
   Commands, as defined in this document and in [RFC4005].


                                        +---------------+
                                        |  Command-Code |
                                        |-------+-------+
         Attribute Name                 |  AAR  |  AAA  |
         -------------------------------+-------+-------+
         QoS-Capability                 |  0-1  |   0   |
         QoS-Resources                  |   0+  |   0+  |
                                        +-------+-------+

                 Figure 25: AAR and AAA Commands AVP table


8.  Acknowledgments

   We would like to thank Victor Fajardo, Tseno Tsenov, Robert Hancock,
   Jukka Manner, Cornelia Kappler, Xiaoming Fu, Frank Alfano, Avi Lior,
   Tolga Asveren, Mike Montemurro, Glen Zorn, Avri Doria, Dong Sun, Tina
   Tsou, Pete McCann, Georgios Karagiannis and Elwyn Davies for their
   comments.


9.  IANA Considerations

   This specification requests IANA to assignment of new AVPs from the
   AVP Code namespace defined in RFC 3588 [RFC3588].  Section 4 lists
   the newly defined AVPs.

   IANA is requested to allocate a registry for the QoS-ObjectType.  The
   following values are allocated by this specification.




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               (0): QoS-Desired
               (1): QoS-Available
               (2): QoS-Reserved
               (3): Minimum-QoS
               (4): QoS-Authorized

   A specification is required to add a new value to the registry.  A
   standards track document is required to depreciate, delete, or modify
   existing values.

   IANA is requested to allocate a registry for the QoS-Flow-State.  The
   following values are allocated by this specification.

   Value | Name
   ------+------------------------------------------------------------
     0   | QOS_FLOW_STATE_PENDING

   A specification is required to add a new value to the registry.  A
   standards track document is required to depreciate, delete, or modify
   existing values.

   IANA is requested to allocate a registry for the QoS-Flow-Direction.
   The following values are allocated by this specification.

   Value | Name
   ------+------------------------------------------------------------
     0   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_BOTH
     1   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_DL
     2   | QOS_FLOW_DIRECTION_UL

   A specification is required to add a new value to the registry.  A
   standards track document is required to depreciate, delete, or modify
   existing values.


10.  Security Considerations

   This document describes the extension of Diameter for conveying
   Quality of Service information.  The security considerations of the
   Diameter protocol itself have been discussed in RFC 3588 [RFC3588].
   Use of the AVPs defined in this document MUST take into consideration
   the security issues and requirements of the Diameter Base protocol.


11.  References






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11.1.  Normative References

   [I-D.ietf-dime-qos-parameters]
              Korhonen, J. and H. Tschofenig, "Quality of Service
              Parameters for Usage with the AAA Framework",
              draft-ietf-dime-qos-parameters-00 (work in progress),
              June 2007.

   [I-D.ietf-radext-filter-rules]
              Congdon, P., "RADIUS Attributes for Filtering and
              Redirection", draft-ietf-radext-filter-rules-03 (work in
              progress), July 2007.

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2234]  Crocker, D., Ed. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
              Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.

   [RFC3588]  Calhoun, P., Loughney, J., Guttman, E., Zorn, G., and J.
              Arkko, "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 3588, September 2003.

   [RFC4005]  Calhoun, P., Zorn, G., Spence, D., and D. Mitton,
              "Diameter Network Access Server Application", RFC 4005,
              August 2005.

   [RFC4006]  Hakala, H., Mattila, L., Koskinen, J-P., Stura, M., and J.
              Loughney, "Diameter Credit-Control Application", RFC 4006,
              August 2005.

   [RFC4072]  Eronen, P., Hiller, T., and G. Zorn, "Diameter Extensible
              Authentication Protocol (EAP) Application", RFC 4072,
              August 2005.

11.2.  Informative References


Authors' Addresses

   Jouni Korhonen (editor)
   TeliaSonera
   Teollisuuskatu 13
   Sonera  FIN-00051
   Finland

   Email: jouni.korhonen@teliasonera.com





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   Hannes Tschofenig
   Nokia Siemens Networks
   Otto-Hahn-Ring 6
   Munich, Bavaria  81739
   Germany

   Email: Hannes.Tschofenig@nsn.com
   URI:   http://www.tschofenig.com


   Mayutan Arumaithurai
   University of Goettingen


   Email: mayutan.arumaithurai@gmail.com




































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