Network Working Group                                          P. Calato
Internet-Draft                                   Riverstone Networks Inc
Expires: December 15, 2003                                      J. Meyer
                                                         Hewlett-Packard
                                                              J. Quittek
                                                         NEC Europe Ltd.
                                                           June 16, 2003


            Information Model for IP Flow Information Export
                        draft-ietf-ipfix-info-00

Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other
   groups may also distribute working documents as Internet-Drafts.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."

   The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://
   www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt.

   The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at
   http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.

   This Internet-Draft will expire on December 15, 2003.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   This document defines an information and data model for scalable
   monitoring, measuring and exporting IP flow information to
   collectors.









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Table of Contents

   1.     Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   2.     Scope  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
   3.     Definition of a Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.     Properties of an IPFIX Information Element . . . . . . . .   8
   5.     Type Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.1    int  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.2    unsignedInt  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.3    long . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.4    unsignedLong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.5    float  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.6    double . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.7    hexBinary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   9
   5.8    string . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.9    boolean  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.10   byte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.11   unsignedByte . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.12   short  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.13   unsignedShort  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.14   dateTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.15   ipdr:dateTimeMsec  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.16   ipdr:ipV4Addr  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   5.17   ipdr:ipV6Addr  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   5.18   ipdr:UUID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   5.19   ipdr:dateTimeUsec  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   6.     Extending the Information Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
   7.     The Benefits of a Formal Machine Readable Information
          Model  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
   8.     Using XML Schema for Information Models  . . . . . . . . .  14
   9.     Information Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.1    sourceAddress  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.1.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.1.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.2    sourceAddressV6  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.2.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.2.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.3    destinationAddress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.3.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.3.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.4    destinationAddressV6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.4.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.4.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
   9.5    protocolIdentifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.5.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.5.2  Reference  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.5.3  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.6    sourcePort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16



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   9.6.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.6.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.7    destinationPort  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.7.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16
   9.7.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.8    ingressPort  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.8.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.8.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.9    egressPort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.9.1  Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.9.2  Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.10   packetCount  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.10.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   9.10.2 Units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.10.3 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.11   byteCount  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.11.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.11.2 Units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.11.3 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.12   classOfService . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   9.12.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.12.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.13   flowLabel  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.13.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.13.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.14   flowCreationTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.14.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.14.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.15   flowEndTime  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.15.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.15.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.16   sourceAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.16.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.16.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.17   destinationAS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.17.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.17.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.18   nextHopAS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.18.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.18.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.19   tcpControlBits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
   9.19.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.19.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.20   sourceExporterAddress  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.20.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.20.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.21   droppedPacketCount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
   9.21.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22



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   9.21.2 Units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.21.3 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.22   samplingInterval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.22.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.22.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.23   samplingAlgorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.23.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.23.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.24   flowEndState . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
   9.24.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   9.24.2 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   9.25   droppedByteCount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   9.25.1 Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   9.25.2 Units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
   9.25.3 Field Id . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
          References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
          Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
   A.     IPFIX IPDR Service Definition  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  26
          Intellectual Property and Copyright Statements . . . . . .  36
































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1. Introduction

   Many applications e.g., Intrusion detection, traffic engineering, and
   accounting among others require the monitoring, measuring of IP
   traffic flows. It is hence important to have a standard way of
   exporting information related to IP       flows. This document
   defines the base set of data items which may be used by the exporter
   for IP traffic flow monitoring and measuring. It also defines the
   mechanism by which new data items may be added without changing the
   underlying exchange protocol.









































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2. Scope

   This document defines information data model for IPFIX-Requirements
   [1]Specifically, this document describes a general purpose flow
   definition along with the data elements which may be exported.














































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3. Definition of a Flow

   As defined in the requirement draft IPFIX-Requirements [1]

   . A flow is a set of packets passing an observation point in the
   network during a certain time interval. All packets belonging to a
   particular flow have a set of common properties derived from the data
   contained in the packet and from the packet treatment at the
   observation point.

   In this document we define the flow more specifically. A flow is
   defined as a set of packets passing an observation point in the
   network during a certain time interval. All packets belonging to a
   particular flow have a set of common properties.

   Each property is defined as the result of applying a function to the
   values of: A. one or more of packet header fields (e.g. destination
   IP address) B. one or more properties of the packet itself (e.g.
   packet length) C. one or more of fields derived from packet treatment
   (e.g. AS number) A packet is defined to belong to a flow if it
   matches all the defined properties of the flow. Flows can be defined
   in multiple ways.





























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4. Properties of an IPFIX Information Element

   Information elements defined in this specification, or by extension
   MUST have the following properties defined:

      Name - a unique and meaningful name for the field. The preferred
      spelling for the name is to use mixed case if the name is
      compound, with an initial lower case letter. (E.g.
      "sourceAddress").

      Description - the semantics of this information element. Describes
      how this field is derived from the flow or other information
      available to the observer.

      Type - the typespace for attributes is constrained to facilitate
      implementation. The existing typespace does however encompass most
      basic types used in modern programming languages, as well as some
      derived types (such as IPAddress) which are common to this domain
      and useful to distinguish.

      FieldId - a numeric identifier administered by IANA. This is used
      for compact identification of an information item when encoding
      templates in the protocol.

   Information elements defined in this specification, or by extension
   MAY have the following properties defined:

      Vendor ID - when extension is done outside of the scope of the
      IANA IPFIX fieldId range, a vendorId MUST be provided.  This
      identifier is based on IANA assigned enterprise identifiers.

      Reference - identifies additional specifications which more
      precisely define this item or provide additional context for its
      use.

      Units - if the field is a measure of some kind, the units identify
      what the measure is.

      Enumerated range - some items may have a specific set of numeric
      identifiers associated with a set of discrete values this element
      may take.  The meaning of each discrete value and a human readable
      name should be assigned.

      Range - some elements may only be able to take on a restricted set
      of values which can be expressed as a range (e.g. 0 through 511
      inclusive). If this is the case, the valid inclusive range should
      be specified.




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5. Type Space

   The following subsections describe the basic types from which most
   IPFIX information elements should be constructed.

   By describing Information Elements in terms of a well defined type
   space, versus describing these details in each Element declaration,
   greater consistency of the existing Information Model is expected.
   This should also simplify the process of extending the Information
   Model over time, and maintain this consistency.

5.1 int

   The type "int" represents a integer numeric value in the range of
   -2147483648 to 2147483647. (i.e. a 32-bit integer)

5.2 unsignedInt

   The type "unsignedInt" represents an integer value in the range of 0
   to 4294967295. (i.e. a 32-bit unsigned integer)

5.3 long

   The type "long" represents an integer value in the range of
   9223372036854775807 to -9223372036854775808. (i.e. a 64-bit integer)

5.4 unsignedLong

   The type "unsignedLong" represents an integer value in the range of 0
   to 18446744073709551615. (i.e. a 64-bit unsigned integer)

5.5 float

   The type "float" corresponds to an IEEE single-precision 32-bit
   floating point type.

5.6 double

   The double datatype corresponds to IEEE double-precision 64-bit
   floating point type

5.7 hexBinary

   The type "hexBinary" represents a finite length string of octets.
   Note the name reflects the mechanism used in XML documents to
   represent the value using ASCII characters.





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5.8 string

   The type "string" represents a finite length string of valid
   characters from the Unicode character encoding set. Unicode allows
   for ASCII and many other international character sets to be used. It
   is expected that strings will be encoded in UTF-8 format, which is
   identical in encoding for USASCII characters, but also accomodates
   other Unicode multibyte characters.

5.9 boolean

   The type "boolean" represents the values for binary logic. (i.e.
   "true/false" or "1/0").

5.10 byte

   The type "byte" represents a integer numeric value in the range of
   -128 to 127. (i.e. an 8-bit integer)

5.11 unsignedByte

   The type "unsignedByte" represents a non-negative integer numeric
   value in the range of 0 to 255. (i.e. an 8-bit unsigned integer)

5.12 short

   The type "short" represents a integer numeric value in the range of
   32767 to 32768. (i.e. an 16-bit integer)

5.13 unsignedShort

   The type "unsignedShort" represents a non-negative integer numeric
   value in the range of 0 to 65535. (i.e. an 16-bit unsigned integer)

5.14 dateTime

   The "dateTime" type represents a specific instant of time. It is
   further restricted from the basic XML dateTime type to having a
   precision of seconds and normalized to the GMT timezone. Such types
   are in common use on many Operating Systems and have the advantage
   that they can be stored in 32-bit integers.

5.15 ipdr:dateTimeMsec

   The "dateTimeMsec" type is defined in the IPDR namespace. It
   represents a specific instant of time. It is further restricted from
   the basic XML dateTime type to having a precision of milliseconds and
   normalized to the GMT timezone.



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   Such types are in common use on many Operating Systems and have the
   advantage that they can be stored in 64-bit integers.

5.16 ipdr:ipV4Addr

   The "ipV4Addr" type indicates the value is an IP version 4 address.
   These addresses are typically stored as 32-bit integers on systems.

5.17 ipdr:ipV6Addr

   The "ipV6Addr" type indicates the value is an IP version 6 address.
   IPv6 addresses are 16 byte octet strings.

5.18 ipdr:UUID

   The "UUID" type represents a universal unique id as defined in the
   OSF specification for Distributed Computing Environment (DCE). It's
   definition can be found in the OSF CAE Specification, Document C706,
   1997, Appendix A, located at: http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/
   009629399/

   UUIDs are equivalent to Globally Unique Identifiers (GUIDs) used by
   Microsoft.

   UUIDs are 16 byte quantities which are generated in such a way that
   systems can independently generate their values, but still have a
   guarantee of global uniqueness of the generated value.

   UUID's are typically written in the form
   f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6. Which merely shows in
   hexadecimal the 16 byte value. Separators are introduced to segment
   the hex value into groupings of 4, 2, 2, 2 and 6 bytes.

   An open source C implementation of UUID generation is available in
   the appendix of the IETF draft, draftleach-uuids-guids-01.txt. This
   draft has expired, but an archived copy is available at: http://
   www.ipdr.org/public/draft-leach-uuids-guids-01.txt

   Note: the IETF draft was allowed to expire because the group
   considered the OSF work a referenceable standard and did not chose to
   duplicate it.

5.19 ipdr:dateTimeUsec

   The dateTimeUsec type is defined in the IPDR namespace. It represents
   a specific instant of time. It is further restricted from the basic
   XML dateTime type to having a precision of microseconds and
   normalized to the GMT timezone.



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6. Extending the Information Model

   A key requirement for IPFIX is to allow for extending the set of
   information items which are reported for flows. This section defines
   the mechanism for extending this set.

   The IPFIX protocol carries flow records defined by a template.
   Multiple templates may be defined for a dialog between an exporter
   and a collector. A given template identifies the information items
   and their order. The means of identification of information items in
   a template is via a field ID. Field Id's are unique identifiers
   administered by IANA (ed. ? true for vendor specific fields?).

   Extension is done by defining new Information elements, including the
   set of necessary information and possibly additional optional
   information for each element. Each new information item MUST be
   assigned a unique fieldId as part of its definition. These unique
   flow ids are the connection between the record structure communicated
   by the protocol using templates and a consuming application.
































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7. The Benefits of a Formal Machine Readable Information Model

   Appendix A. expresses the IPFIX Information model as an XML-Schema.
   Using a formal and machine readable syntax for the Information model
   enables the creation of IPFIX aware tools which can automatically
   adapt to extensions to the information model, by simply reading
   updated information model specifications.












































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8. Using XML Schema for Information Models

   The use of XML-Schema as the formal specification language is modeled
   after the techniques employed by the IPDR NDM-U specification.

   The wide availability of XML aware tools is a primary consideration
   for this choice.  In particular libraries for parsing XML documents
   are readily available. Also mechanisms such as the Extensible
   Stylesheet Language (XSL) allow for transforming a source XML
   document into other documents.  This draft was initially authored in
   XML and transformed according to RFC2629.

   It should be noted that the use of XML processors is not mandatory
   for the deployment of IPFIX.  In particular exporting processes which
   may run on constrained platforms do not produce or consume XML as
   part of their operation.  It is expected that IPFIX collectors MAY
   take advantage of the machine readability of the Information Model
   vs. hardcoding their behavior or inventing proprietary means for
   accomodating extensions.
































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9. Information Elements

9.1 sourceAddress

   IPv4 source address taken from the packet header.

9.1.1 Type

   The sourceAddress element is of type ipdr:ipV4Addr.

9.1.2 Field Id

   The field id is 8.

9.2 sourceAddressV6

   IPv6 source address taken from the packet header.

9.2.1 Type

   The sourceAddressV6 element is of type ipdr:ipV6Addr.

9.2.2 Field Id

   The field id is 27.

9.3 destinationAddress

   IPv4 destination address taken from the packet header.

9.3.1 Type

   The destinationAddress element is of type ipdr:ipV4Addr.

9.3.2 Field Id

   The field id is 12.

9.4 destinationAddressV6

   IPv6 destination address taken from the packet header.

9.4.1 Type

   The destinationAddressV6 element is of type ipdr:ipV6Addr.

9.4.2 Field Id




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   The field id is 28.

9.5 protocolIdentifier

   Protocol number identified in the IP packet.

   In the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) [RFC791] there is a field,
   called "Protocol", to identify the next level protocol.  This is an 8
   bit field.  In Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) [RFC1883] this
   field is called the "Next Header" field.

   These numbers are administered by IANA.

9.5.1 Type

   The protocolIdentifier element is of type int.

9.5.2 Reference

   Additional information on this element can be found at http://
   www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers.

9.5.3 Field Id

   The field id is 4.

9.6 sourcePort

   This information element is used to report  UDP source port [see RFC
   768] or TCP source port [see RFC 793] as taken from the IP header.

9.6.1 Type

   The sourcePort element is of type unsignedShort.

9.6.2 Field Id

   The field id is 7.

9.7 destinationPort

   This information element is used to report  UDP destination port [see
   RFC 768] or TCP destination port [see RFC 793] as taken from the IP
   header.

9.7.1 Type

   The destinationPort element is of type unsignedShort.



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9.7.2 Field Id

   The field id is 11.

9.8 ingressPort

   The ifIndex where the packets for the flow are being received.
   ifIndex is defined by RFC 2233.

9.8.1 Type

   The ingressPort element is of type unsignedShort.

9.8.2 Field Id

   The field id is 10.

9.9 egressPort

   The ifIndex where the packets for the flow are exiting. ifIndex is
   defined by RFC 2233.

9.9.1 Type

   The egressPort element is of type unsignedShort.

9.9.2 Field Id

   The field id is 14.

9.10 packetCount

   Contains the count of packets sent and received associated with the
   identified flow.

   The packet count can be for packets received (towards source) or
   packets sent (towards destination) or both (bi-directional flow).

   The packet count can be a running counter and is the count from the
   beginning of the flow establishment.

   The packet count can be a delta counter and is the count since the
   last report for this flow.

9.10.1 Type

   The packetCount element is of type int.




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9.10.2 Units

   The unit of measure is  packets.

9.10.3 Field Id

   The field id is 11.

9.11 byteCount

   Contains the count of octets sent and received associated with the
   identified flow.

   The byte count can be for bytes received (towards source) or bytes
   sent (towards destination) or both (bi-directional flow).

   The byte count can be a running counter and is the count from the
   beginning of the flow establishment.

   The byte count can be a delta counter and is the count since the last
   report for this flow.

9.11.1 Type

   The byteCount element is of type int.

9.11.2 Units

   The unit of measure is  bytes.

9.11.3 Field Id

   The field id is 1.

9.12 classOfService

   The class of service associated with a flow.

   Class of Service Received

   Class of Service Transmitted

   1. IPv4, CoS value is defined by ToS in RFC 791 2. IPv6, CoS value is
   defined by Traffic Class in RFC 2460 3. MPLS, CoS value is defined by
   Exp in RFC 3032 4. VLAN, CoS value is defined by user_priority in
   IEEE802.1q[802.1q] and IEEE 802.1p[802.1p]





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9.12.1 Type

   The classOfService element is of type byte.

9.12.2 Field Id

   The field id is 5.

9.13 flowLabel

   The Flow Label information element contains the IPV6 Flow Label
   information as defined by RFC 2460.

9.13.1 Type

   The flowLabel element is of type int.

9.13.2 Field Id

   The field id is 31.

9.14 flowCreationTime

   The timestamp of the first packet of the flow.  (Ed. note:  current
   NFv9 protocol uses sysuptime vs. direct time.  Not interesting from
   an info model perspective, an artifact (and an annoying one from a
   consumer perspective) of the protocol implementation details. How to
   address?)

9.14.1 Type

   The flowCreationTime element is of type dateTime.

9.14.2 Field Id

   The field id is 21.

9.15 flowEndTime

   The timestamp of the last packet of the flow.  (Ed. note:  current
   NFv9 protocol uses sysuptime vs. direct time.  Not interesting from
   an info model perspective, an artifact (and an annoying one from a
   consumer perspective) of the protocol implementation details. How to
   address?)

9.15.1 Type

   The flowEndTime element is of type dateTime.



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9.15.2 Field Id

   The field id is 22.

9.16 sourceAS

   The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the source address associated
   with a flow. Autonomous System (AS) number is defined by RFC 1930 and
   RFC 1771 (BGP-4):

9.16.1 Type

   The sourceAS element is of type int.

9.16.2 Field Id

   The field id is 16.

9.17 destinationAS

   The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the destination address
   associated wit a flow. Autonomous System (AS) number is defined by
   RFC 1930 and RFC 1771 (BGP-4).

9.17.1 Type

   The destinationAS element is of type int.

9.17.2 Field Id

   The field id is 17.

9.18 nextHopAS

   The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the next hop IP. Autonomous
   System (AS) number is defined by RFC 1930 and RFC 1771 (BGP-4).

9.18.1 Type

   The nextHopAS element is of type int.

9.18.2 Field Id

   The field id is -1.

9.19 tcpControlBits

   The TCP control bits seen for this flow. Note a 0 value for each bit



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   only indicates that the flag was not detected (i.e. it may have
   occurred but was not detected by the reporting CCE). TCP Control Bits
   are defined by RFC 793.

9.19.1 Type

   The tcpControlBits element is of type int.

9.19.2 Field Id

   The field id is 6.

9.20 sourceExporterAddress

   Source Exporter address is the address of the Exporter reporting the
   flow, Address is same as is as shown for Source Address. This
   information is used by applications to later correlate the ingress/
   egress port with a specific Exporter. It is also used to maintain the
   source Exporter information when there is an intermediate proxy. For
   example, given the picture below:



                  SW1 --------    P1 ------ Collector
                                  ^
                                  |
                  SW2----------   |

   Flows coming from SW1 and SW2 through proxy P1 would look to the
   Collector [ is this the right term??? PAC]  like the same Exporter
   connection. With the Source Exporter in the message the original
   Exporter  address is maintained.

9.20.1 Type

   The sourceExporterAddress element is of type ipdr:ipV4Addr.

9.20.2 Field Id

   The field id is -1.

9.21 droppedPacketCount

   Contains the count of packets dropped at the observation point
   associated with the identified flow.

   The dropped packet count can be a running counter and is the count
   from the beginning of the flow establishment.



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   The dropped packet count can be a delta counter and is the count
   since the last report for this flow.

9.21.1 Type

   The droppedPacketCount element is of type int.

9.21.2 Units

   The unit of measure is  packets.

9.21.3 Field Id

   The field id is -1.

9.22 samplingInterval

   When using Sampling, the rate at which packets is sampled. For
   example, a value of 100 indicates that one of every hundred packets
   is sampled.

9.22.1 Type

   The samplingInterval element is of type int.

9.22.2 Field Id

   The field id is 34.

9.23 samplingAlgorithm

   The type of algorithm used for sampling data. Currently, the only
   sampling algorithm defined  is: 0x02 packet-sampling

9.23.1 Type

   The samplingAlgorithm element is of type int.

9.23.2 Field Id

   The field id is 35.

9.24 flowEndState

   The reason the flow has ended. 1. Inactivity timeout 2. End of flow
   detected (e.g. TCP FIN) 3. Forced end ???? 4. Cache full
   [enumerations in IPDR service def schemas are recommended to be of
   form string, w/ integer values (for Compact format) defined via



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   annotation]

9.24.1 Type

   The flowEndState element is of type int.

9.24.2 Field Id

   The field id is -1.

9.25 droppedByteCount

   Contains the count of octets dropped at the observation point
   associated with the identified flow.

   The dropped byte count can be a running counter and is the count from
   the beginning of the flow establishment.

   The byte count can be a delta counter and is the count since the last
   report for this flow.

9.25.1 Type

   The droppedByteCount element is of type int.

9.25.2 Units

   The unit of measure is  bytes.

9.25.3 Field Id

   The field id is -1.



















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References

   [1]   Quittek, J., "Requirements for IP Flow Information Export",
         IETF draft work in progress, August 2003, <http://www.ietf.org/
         internet-drafts/draft-ietf-ipfix-reqs-10.txt>.

   [2]   Sadasivan, G. and N. Brownlee, "Architecture Model for IP Flow
         Information Export", IETF draft work in progress, June 2002,
         <http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
         draft-ietf-ipfix-arch-00.txt>.

   [3]   Claise, B., "Cisco Systems NetFlow Services Export Version 9",
         IETF draft work in progress, June 2003, <http://www.ietf.org/
         internet-drafts/draft-claise-netflow-9-02.txt>.

   [4]   World Wide Web Consortium, "Extensible Markup Language (XML)
         1.0", W3C XML, February 1998, <http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/
         REC-xml-19980210>.

   [5]   World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 1: Structures", W3C
         XML, May 2001, <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/
         REC-xmlschema-1-20010502/>.

   [6]   World Wide Web Consortium, "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes", W3C
         XML, May 2001, <http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/
         REC-xmlschema-2-20010502/datatypes.html>.

   [7]   Internet Protocol Detail Record Organization, "Network Data
         Management - Usage (NDM-U) For IP-Based Services Version
         3.1.1", October 2002, <http://www.ipdr.org/documents/
         NDM-U_3.1.1.pdf>.

   [8]   Brownlee, N. and A. Blount, "Accounting Attributes and Record
         Formats", RFC 2924, Sept. 2000, <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/
         rfc2924.txt>.

   [9]   Rose, M., "Writing I-Ds and RFCs using XML", RFC 2629, June
         1999, <http://xml.resource.org/public/rfc/html/rfc2629.html>.

   [10]  Hollenbeck, S., Rose, M. and L. Masinter, "Guidelines for the
         Use of Extensible Markup Language (XML) within IETF Protocols",
         RFC 3470, January 2003, <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3470.txt>.

   [11]  Pras, A. and J. Schoenwaelder, "Guidelines for the Use of
         Extensible Markup Language (XML) within IETF Protocols", RFC
         3444, January 2003, <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3444.txt>.





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Authors' Addresses

   Paul Calato
   Riverstone Networks Inc
   5200 Great America Parkway
   Santa Clara, CA  95054
   US

   Phone: +1 603 557-6913
   EMail: calato@riverstonenet.com
   URI:   http://www.riverstonenet.com


   Jeff Meyer
   Hewlett-Packard
   19420 Homestead Rd.
   Cupertino, CA  95014
   US

   Phone: +1 408 447-3477
   EMail: jeff.meyer2@hp.com
   URI:   http://www.hp.com


   Juergen Quittek
   NEC Europe Ltd.
   Adenauerplatz 6
   Heidelberg  69115
   Germany

   Phone: +49 6221 90511-15
   EMail: quittek@ccrle.nec.de
   URI:   http://www.neceurope.com/


















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Appendix A. IPFIX IPDR Service Definition

   This proposal does not currently address possible IANA implications
   associated with XML Namespace URIs. The use of Namespaces as an
   extension mechanism implies that an IANA registered Namespace URI
   should be available and that directory names below this base URI be
   assigned for relevant IETF specifications. The author is not aware of
   this mechanism today. Alternatively IPDR.org could fulfill this role.
   The sample uses the IPDR.org namespace.


   <schema xmlns:ipdr="http://www.ipdr.org/namespaces/ipdr"
           xmlns:ipfix="http://www.iana.org/namespaces/ipfix">

   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
     This document defines a subset of the identified IPFIX data
     model as XML Schema elements and complexTypes.  This schema
     definition is compatable with the IPDR Service Definition
     format, enabling flow information to be represented as XML
     or binary documents.  And defines the format used when streaming
     flow information to a recording system.
     </t>
     </documentation>
   </annotation>


   <element name="sourceAddress" type="ipdr:ipV4Addr">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      IPv4 source address taken from the packet header.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>8</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>


   <element name="sourceAddressV6" type="ipdr:ipV6Addr">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      IPv6 source address taken from the packet header.
     </t>



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     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>27</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>


   <element name="destinationAddress" type="ipdr:ipV4Addr">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      IPv4 destination address taken from the packet header.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>12</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>


   <element name="destinationAddressV6" type="ipdr:ipV6Addr">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      IPv6 destination address taken from the packet header.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>28</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>


   <element name="protocolIdentifier" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
      <t>
      Protocol number identified in the IP packet.
      </t><t>
      In the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) [RFC791] there is a field,
      called "Protocol", to identify the next level protocol.  This is an 8
      bit field.  In Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) [RFC1883] this field
      is called the "Next Header" field.
      </t><t>
      These numbers are administered by IANA.



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      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipdr:reference>http://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers</ipdr:reference>
     </appinfo>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>4</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="sourcePort" type="unsignedShort">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      This information element is used to report  UDP source port [see
      RFC 768] or TCP source port [see RFC 793] as taken from the IP
      header.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>7</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="destinationPort" type="unsignedShort">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      This information element is used to report  UDP destination port
      [see RFC 768] or TCP destination port [see RFC 793] as taken from
      the IP header.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>11</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="ingressPort" type="unsignedShort">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The ifIndex where the packets for the flow are being received.
      ifIndex is defined by RFC 2233.
     </t>



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     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>10</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="egressPort" type="unsignedShort">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The ifIndex where the packets for the flow are exiting. ifIndex is
      defined by RFC 2233.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>14</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="packetCount" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      Contains the count of packets sent and received associated with
      the identified flow.
     </t><t>
      The packet count can be for packets received (towards source) or
      packets sent (towards destination) or both (bi-directional flow).
     </t><t>
      The packet count can be a running counter and is the count from
      the beginning of the flow establishment.
     </t><t>
      The packet count can be a delta counter and is the count since the
      last report for this flow.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipdr:units>packets</ipdr:units>
     </appinfo>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>11</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>2</annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="byteCount" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
      <t>



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      Contains the count of octets sent and received associated with the
      identified flow.
      </t><t>
      The byte count can be for bytes received (towards source) or bytes
      sent (towards destination) or both (bi-directional flow).
      </t><t>
      The byte count can be a running counter and is the count from the
      beginning of the flow establishment.
      </t><t>
      The byte count can be a delta counter and is the count since the
      last report for this flow.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipdr:units>bytes</ipdr:units>
     </appinfo>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>1</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="classOfService" type="byte">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
      <t>
      The class of service associated with a flow.
      </t><t>
      Class of Service Received
      </t><t>
      Class of Service Transmitted
      </t><t>
         1. IPv4, CoS value is defined by ToS in RFC 791
         2. IPv6, CoS value is defined by Traffic Class in RFC 2460
         3. MPLS, CoS value is defined by Exp in RFC 3032
         4. VLAN, CoS value is defined by user_priority in
            IEEE802.1q[802.1q] and IEEE 802.1p[802.1p]
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>5</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="flowLabel" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
      <t>
      The Flow Label information element contains the IPV6 Flow Label



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      information as defined by RFC 2460.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>31</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="flowCreationTime" type="dateTime">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The timestamp of the first packet of the flow.  (Ed. note:  current NFv9
      protocol uses sysuptime vs. direct time.  Not interesting from an info
      model perspective, an artifact (and an annoying one from a consumer
      perspective) of the protocol implementation details. How to address?)
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>21</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>


   <element name="flowEndTime" type="dateTime">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The timestamp of the last packet of the flow.  (Ed. note:  current NFv9
      protocol uses sysuptime vs. direct time.  Not interesting from an info
      model perspective, an artifact (and an annoying one from a consumer
      perspective) of the protocol implementation details. How to address?)
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>22</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="sourceAS" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the source address
      associated with a flow. Autonomous System (AS) number is defined
      by RFC 1930 and RFC 1771 (BGP-4):
      </t>
     </documentation>



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     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>16</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="destinationAS" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the destination address
      associated wit a flow. Autonomous System (AS) number is defined by
      RFC 1930 and RFC 1771 (BGP-4).
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>17</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo></annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="nextHopAS" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The Autonomous System (AS) numbers for the next hop IP. Autonomous
      System (AS) number is defined by RFC 1930 and RFC 1771 (BGP-4).
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>-1</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="tcpControlBits" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The TCP control bits seen for this flow. Note a 0 value for each
      bit only indicates that the flag was not detected (i.e. it may
      have occurred but was not detected by the reporting CCE). TCP
      Control Bits are defined by RFC 793.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>6</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>



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   <element name="sourceExporterAddress" type="ipdr:ipV4Addr">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      Source Exporter address is the address of the Exporter reporting
      the flow, Address is same as is as shown for Source Address. This
      information is used by applications to later correlate the
      ingress/egress port with a specific Exporter. It is also used to
      maintain the source Exporter information when there is an
      intermediate proxy. For example, given the picture below:
     </t><t><figure><artwork xml:space="preserve">

                  SW1 --------    P1 ------ Collector
                                  ^
                                  |
                  SW2----------   |
      </artwork></figure></t><t>
      Flows coming from SW1 and SW2 through proxy P1 would look to the
      Collector [ is this the right term??? PAC]  like the same Exporter
      connection. With the Source Exporter in the message the original
      Exporter  address is maintained.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>-1</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="droppedPacketCount" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      Contains the count of packets dropped at the observation point
      associated with the identified flow.
     </t><t>
      The dropped packet count can be a running counter and is the count
      from the beginning of the flow establishment.
     </t><t>
      The dropped packet count can be a delta counter and is the count
      since the last report for this flow.
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipdr:units>packets</ipdr:units>
     </appinfo>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>-1</ipfix:fieldId>



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     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="samplingInterval" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      When using Sampling, the rate at which packets is sampled. For
      example, a value of 100 indicates that one of every hundred
      packets is sampled.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>34</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="samplingAlgorithm" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The type of algorithm used for sampling data. Currently, the only
      sampling algorithm defined  is:
      0x02 packet-sampling
     </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>35</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="flowEndState" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
     <t>
      The reason the flow has ended.
           1. Inactivity timeout
           2. End of flow detected (e.g. TCP FIN)
           3. Forced end ????
           4. Cache full

      [enumerations in IPDR service def schemas are recommended to be
       of form string, w/ integer values (for Compact format)
       defined via annotation]
      </t>



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     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>-1</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   <element name="droppedByteCount" type="int">
   <annotation>
     <documentation>
      <t>
      Contains the count of octets dropped at the observation point
      associated with the identified flow.
      </t><t>
      The dropped byte count can be a running counter and is the count
      from the beginning of the flow establishment.
      </t><t>
      The byte count can be a delta counter and is the count since the
      last report for this flow.
      </t>
     </documentation>
     <appinfo>
       <ipdr:units>bytes</ipdr:units>
     </appinfo>
     <appinfo>
       <ipfix:fieldId>-1</ipfix:fieldId>
     </appinfo>
   </annotation>
   </element>

   </schema>




















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   HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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