Internet Printing Protocol WG Carl Kugler
INTERNET-DRAFT H. Lewis
<draft-ietf-ipp-ops-set2-02.txt> IBM Corporation
T. Hastings (editor)
Classification: Proposed Standard Xerox Corporation
August 15, 2000
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP):
Job and Printer Administrative Operations
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2000). All Rights Reserved.
Status of this Memo
This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all
provisions of Section 10 of [rfc2026]. Internet-Drafts are working
documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and
its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working
documents as Internet-Drafts.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material
or to cite them other than as "work in progress".
The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at
http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt
The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed as
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Abstract
This document is a submission to the Internet Printing Protocol Working
Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). After approval, it
is intended to be on the IETF standards track. Comments should be
submitted to the ipp@pwg.org mailing list.
This document specifies the following 16 additional OPTIONAL operations
for use with the Internet Printing Protocol/1.0 (IPP) [RFC2565, RFC2566]
and IPP/1.1 [ipp-mod, ipp-pro]:
Printer operations: Job operations:
Enable-Printer and Disable-Printer Reprocess-Job
Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Cancel-Current-Job
Hold-New-Jobs and Release-Held-New-Jobs Suspend-Current-Job and
Resume-Job
Deactivate-Printer and Activate-Printer Promote-Job
Restart-Printer Schedule-Job-After
Shutdown-Printer and Startup-Printer
New Job Description attributes: "original-requesting-user-name"
New Printer Description attributes: "subordinate-printers-supported" and
"parent-printers-supported".
New "printer-state-reasons" values: 'hold-new-jobs' and 'deactivated'.
New "job-state-reasons" attribute values: 'job-suspended'.
New event keyword: 'forwarded-operation-failed'.
New status code: 'server-error-printer-is-deactivated'.
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The scope of IPP, is characterized in RFC2526 "Design Goals for an
Internet Printing Protocol". It is not the intent of this document to
revise or clarify this scope or conjecture as to the degree of industry
adoption or trends related to IPP within printing systems. It is the
intent of this document to extend the original set of operations - in a
similar fashion to the Set1 extensions which referred to IPP/1.0 and
were later incorporated into IPP/1.1.
The full set of IPP documents includes:
Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol [RFC2567]
Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for the Internet
Printing Protocol [RFC2568]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics [IPP-MOD]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport [IPP-PRO]
Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementer's Guide [IPP-IIG]
Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols [RFC2569]
Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): IPP Event Notification
Specification [ipp-ntfy]
The "Design Goals for an Internet Printing Protocol" document takes a
broad look at distributed printing functionality, and it enumerates
real-life scenarios that help to clarify the features that need to be
included in a printing protocol for the Internet. It identifies
requirements for three types of users: end users, operators, and
administrators. It calls out a subset of end user requirements that are
satisfied in IPP/1.0. A few OPTIONAL operator operations have been
added to IPP/1.1.
The "Rationale for the Structure and Model and Protocol for the Internet
Printing Protocol" document describes IPP from a high level view,
defines a roadmap for the various documents that form the suite of IPP
specification documents, and gives background and rationale for the IETF
working group's major decisions.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Model and Semantics", describes a
simplified model with abstract objects, their attributes, and their
operations that are independent of encoding and transport. It introduces
a Printer object and a Job object. The Job object optionally supports
multiple documents per Job. It also addresses security,
internationalization, and directory issues.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport" document is
a formal mapping of the abstract operations and attributes defined in
the model document onto HTTP/1.1 [RFC2616]. It defines the encoding
rules for a new Internet MIME media type called "application/ipp". This
document also defines the rules for transporting over HTTP a message
body whose Content-Type is "application/ipp". This document defines a
new scheme named 'ipp' for identifying IPP printers and jobs.
The "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: Implementer's Guide" document gives
insight and advice to implementers of IPP clients and IPP objects. It
is intended to help them understand IPP/1.1 and some of the
considerations that may assist them in the design of their client and/or
IPP object implementations. For example, a typical order of processing
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requests is given, including error checking. Motivation for some of the
specification decisions is also included.
The "Mapping between LPD and IPP Protocols" document gives some advice
to implementers of gateways between IPP and LPD (Line Printer Daemon)
implementations.
The "Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): IPP Event Notification
Specification" document defines the semantics for Subscription Creation
Operations and the requirements for other Delivery Method documents to
define a Delivery Method to carry an Event Notifications to a
Notification Recipient.
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction........................................................6
2 Terminology.........................................................6
2.1 Conformance Terminology.........................................6
2.2 Other terminology...............................................6
3 Definition of the Printer Operations................................7
3.1 The Disable and Enable Printer Operations.......................8
3.1.1 Disable-Printer Operation 9
3.1.2 Enable-Printer Operation 9
3.2 The Pause and Resume Printer Operations........................10
3.2.1 Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job operation 11
3.3 Hold and Release New Jobs operations...........................12
3.3.1 Hold-New-Jobs operation 12
3.3.2 Release-Held-New-Jobs operation 13
3.4 Deactivate and Activate Printer Operations.....................13
3.4.1 Deactivate-Printer operation 14
3.4.2 Activate-Printer operation 14
3.5 Restart-Printer, Shutdown-Printer, and Startup-Printer operations
15
3.5.1 Restart-Printer operation 15
3.5.2 Shutdown-Printer Operation 16
3.5.3 Startup-Printer operation 16
4 Definition of the Job Operations...................................17
4.1 Reprocess-Job Operation........................................18
4.2 Cancel-Current-Job Operation...................................18
4.3 Suspend and Resume Job operations..............................19
4.3.1 Suspend-Current-Job operation 19
4.3.2 Resume-Job operation 20
4.4 Job Scheduling Operations......................................21
4.4.1 Promote-Job operation 21
4.4.2 Schedule-Job-After operation 22
5 Additional status codes............................................23
5.1 'server-error-printer-is-deactivated' (0x050A).................23
6 Use of Operation Attributes that are Messages from the Operator....23
7 New Printer Description Attributes.................................25
7.1 subordinate-printers-supported (1setOf uri)....................25
7.2 parent-printers-supported (1setOf uri).........................26
8 Additional Values for "printer-state-reasons"......................26
8.1 'hold-new-jobs'................................................26
8.2 'deactivated'..................................................26
9 Additional Values for "job-state-reasons"..........................26
9.1 'job-suspended'................................................27
10 Additional events.................................................27
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11 Use of the Printer object to represent IPP Printer Fan-Out and IPP
Printer Fan-In........................................................27
11.1IPP Printer Fan-Out............................................27
11.2IPP Printer Fan-In.............................................28
11.3Printer object attributes used to represent Printer Fan-Out and
Printer Fan-In......................................................28
11.4Subordinate Printer URI........................................28
11.5Printer object attributes used to represent Output Device Fan-Out
29
11.6Figures to show all possible configurations....................30
11.7Forwarding requests............................................32
11.7.1 Forwarding requests that affect Printer objects 32
11.7.2 Forwarding requests that affect Jobs 33
12 Conformance Requirements..........................................35
13 IANA Considerations...............................................36
14 Internationalization Considerations...............................36
15 Security Considerations...........................................36
16 Author's Addresses................................................37
17 References........................................................37
18 Appendix A: Full Copyright Statement..............................38
List of Tables
Table 1 - Printer Operation Operation-Id assignments..................8
Table 2 - Pause and Resume Printer and Device Operations.............10
Table 3 - Job operation Operation-Id assignments.....................17
Table 4 - Operation attribute support for Printer Operations.........24
Table 5 - Operation attribute support for Job operations.............24
Table 6 - Forwarding operations that affect Printer objects..........32
Table 7 - Forwarding operations that affect Jobs objects.............33
Table 8 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for Operations........35
Table 9 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for "printer-state-
reasons" Values..................................................36
Table 10 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for "job-state-reasons"
Values...........................................................36
List of Figures
Figure 1 - Embedded Printer object...................................30
Figure 2 - Hosted Printer object.....................................30
Figure 3 - Output Device Fan-Out.....................................30
Figure 4 - Chained IPP Printer Objects...............................31
Figure 5 - IPP Printer Object Fan-Out................................31
Figure 6 - IPP Printer Object Fan-In.................................31
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1 Introduction
The Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) is an application level protocol
that can be used for distributed printing using Internet tools and
technologies. IPP version 1.1 ([ipp-mod, ipp-pro]) focuses on end user
functionality with a few administrative operations included. This
document defines additional OPTIONAL end user, operator, and
administrator operations used to control Jobs and Printers. In
addition, this document extends the semantic model of the Printer object
by allowing them to be configured into trees and/or inverted trees that
represent Printer object Fan-Out and Printer object Fan-In,
respectively. The special case of a tree with only a single Subordinate
node represents Chained Printers. This document is a registration
proposal for an extension to IPP/1.0 and IPP/1.1 following the
registration procedures in those documents.
The requirements and use cases for this document are defined in [ipp-
ops-admin-req]. That document also includes requirements and use cases
for operations on the Device object which is the subject of a third
document [ipp-device-ops]. That [ipp-device-ops] document is not needed
in order to implement the operations defined in this document.
2 Terminology
This section defines terminology used throughout this document.
2.1 Conformance Terminology
Capitalized terms, such as MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT,
MAY, NEED NOT, and OPTIONAL, have special meaning relating to
conformance as specified in RFC 2119 [RFC2119] and [ipp-mod] section
12.1. These terms refer to conformance to this document or a particular
operation, if this document or operation is implemented.
The following specialization of these terms apply to this document:
REQUIRED: if an implementation supports an operation described in
this document, it MUST support a REQUIRED feature described with
that operation.
OPTIONAL: if an implementation supports an operation described in
this document, it MAY support an OPTIONAL feature described with
that operation.
2.2 Other terminology
This document uses terms such as "attributes", "keywords", and
"support". These terms have special meaning and are defined in the
model terminology [ipp-mod] section 12.2.
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In addition, the following capitalized terms are defined:
IPP Printer object (or Printer for short) - a software abstraction
defined by [ipp-mod].
Printer Operation - an operation whose target is an IPP Printer
object and whose effect is on the Printer object.
Output Device - the physical imaging mechanism that an IPP Printer
controls. Note: while this term is capitalized in this
specification (but not in [ipp-mod]), there is no formal object
called an Output Device defined in this document (or [ipp-mod]).
Output Device Fan-Out - a configuration in which an IPP Printer
controls more that one output-device.
Printer Fan-Out - a configuration in which an IPP Printer object
controls more than one Subordinate IPP Printer object.
Printer Fan-In - a configuration in which an IPP Printer object is
controlled by more than one IPP Printer object.
Subordinate Printer - an IPP Printer object that is controlled by
another IPP Printer object. Such a Subordinate Printer MAY have
one or more Subordinate Printers.
Leaf Printer - a Subordinate Printer that has no Subordinate
Printers.
Non-Leaf Printer - an IPP Printer object that has one or more
Subordinate Printers.
Chained Printer - a Non-Leaf Printer that has exactly one Subordinate
Printer.
Job Creation operations - IPP operations that create a Job object:
Print-Job, Print-URI, and Create-Job.
3 Definition of the Printer Operations
All Printer Operations are directed at Printer objects. A client MUST
always supply the "printer-uri" operation attribute in order to identify
the correct target of the operation. These descriptions assume all of
the common semantics of IPP/1.1 Model and Semantics document [ipp-mod]
section 3.1.
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The Printer Operations defined in this document are summarized in Table
1:
Table 1 - Printer Operation Operation-Id assignments
Operation Name Operati Brief description
on-Id
Enable-Printer 0x22 Allows the target Printer to accept Job
Creation operations
Disable-Printer 0x23 Prevents the target Printer from
accepting Job Creation operations
Pause-Printer- 0x24 Pause the Printer after the current job
After-Current- has been sent to the Output Device.
Job
Hold-New-Jobs 0x25 Finishes processing all currently
pending jobs. Any new jobs are placed
in the 'pending-held' state.
Release-Held- 0x26 Release all jobs to the 'pending' state
New-Jobs that had been held by the effect of a
previous Hold-New-Jobs operation and
condition the Printer to no longer hold
new jobs.
Deactivate- 0x27 Puts the Printer into a read-only
Printer deactivated state.
Activate- 0x28 Restores the Printer to normal activity
Printer
Restart-Printer 0x29 Restarts the target Printer and re-
initializes the software
Shutdown- 0x2A Shuts down the target Printer so that
Printer it cannot be restarted or queried
Startup-Printer 0x2B Starts up the instance of the Printer
object
All of the operations in this document are OPTIONAL for an IPP object to
support. Unless the specification of an OPTIONAL operation requires
support of another OPTIONAL operation, conforming implementations may
support any combination of these operations. Many of the operations
come in pairs and so both are REQUIRED if either one is implemented.
3.1 The Disable and Enable Printer Operations
This section defines the OPTIONAL Disable-Printer and Enable-Printer
operations that stop and start the IPP Printer object from accepting new
IPP jobs. If either of these operations are supported, both MUST be
supported.
These operations allow the operator to control whether or not the
Printer will accept new Job Creation (Print-Job, Print-URI, and Create-
Job) operations. These operations have no other effect on the Printer,
so that the Printer continues to accept all other operations and
continues to schedule and process jobs normally. In other words, these
operation control the "input of new jobs" to the IPP Printer while the
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Pause and Resume operations (see section 3.2) independently control the
"output of new jobs" from the IPP Printer to the Output Device.
The Disable-Printer and Enable-Printer operations MUST NOT affect the
submission of jobs using other job submission protocols to the
associated Output Device; the Disable and Enable Device Operations (see
[ipp-device-ops]) are intended to stop the acceptance of all jobs by the
associated Output Device(s).
3.1.1 Disable-Printer Operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to stop the Printer object from
accepting new jobs, i.e., cause the Printer to reject subsequent Job
Creation operations and return the 'server-error-not-accepting-jobs'
status code. The Printer still accepts all other operations, including
Validate-Job, Send-Document and Send-URI operations. Thus a Disable-
Printer operation allows a client to continue submitting multiple
documents of a multiple document job if the Create-Job operation had
already been accepted. All previously created or submitted Jobs and
currently processing Jobs continue unaffected.
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state. The Printer sets
the value of its "printer-is-accepting-jobs" READ-ONLY Printer
Description attribute to 'false' (see [ipp-mod] section 4.4.20), no
matter what the previous value was. This operation has no immediate or
direct effect on the Printer's "printer-state" and "printer-state-
reasons" attributes.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Disable-Printer Request and Disable-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.1.2 Enable-Printer Operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to start the Printer object
accepting jobs, i.e., cause the Printer to accept subsequent Job
Creation operations. The Printer still accepts all other operations.
All previously submitted Jobs and currently processing Jobs continue
unaffected.
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state. The Printer sets
the value of its "printer-is-accepting-jobs" READ-ONLY Printer
Description attribute to 'true' (see [ipp-mod] section 4.4.20), no
matter what the previous value was. This operation has no immediate or
direction effect on the Printer's "printer-state" and "printer-state-
reasons" attributes.
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Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Enable-Printer Request and Enable-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.8.1 and 3.2.8.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.2 The Pause and Resume Printer Operations
This section leaves the OPTIONAL IPP/1.1 Pause-Printer (see [ipp-mod]
sections 3.2.7) to be ambiguous as to whether or not it stops the
Printer immediately or after the current job and defines the OPTIONAL
Pause-Printer-After-All-Current-Jobs operation to be after the current
job. These operations affect the scheduling of IPP jobs. If either of
these Pause Printer operations are supported, then the Resume-Printer
operation MUST be supported.
These operations allow the operator to control whether or not the
Printer will send new IPP jobs to the associated Output Device(s) that
the IPP Printer object represents. These operations have no other
effect on the Printer, so that the Printer continues to accept all
operations. In other words, these operation control the "output of new
jobs" to the Output Device(s) while the Disable and Enable Printer
Operations (see section 3.1) independently control the "input of new
jobs" to the IPP Printer.
The Pause and Resume Printer Operations MUST NOT affect jobs that were
submitted using other job submission protocols to the associated Output
Device; the Pause and Resume Device Operations (see [ipp-device-ops])
are intended to stop the acceptance of all jobs by the associated Output
Device(s).
This document and [ipp-device-ops] define distinct operations in order
to disambiguate the Pause-Printer operation as shown in Table 2. The
Printer Operations affect only Jobs submitted using IPP, while the
Device Operations affect all jobs no matter what job submission protocol
was used to submit them to the Output Device.
Table 2 - Pause and Resume Printer and Device Operations
Pause and Resume Printer Description
and Device Operations
IPP/1.1 Pause Printer Stops the IPP Printer from sending
new IPP Jobs to the Output Device(s)
either immediately or after the
current job completes, depending on
implementation, as defined in [ipp-
mod].
Pause-Printer-After- Stops the IPP Printer from sending
Current-Job new IPP Jobs to the Output Device(s)
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Pause and Resume Printer Description
and Device Operations
after the current jobs finish
Resume-Printer Starts the IPP Printer sending IPP
Jobs to the Output Device again.
3.2.1 Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to stop the Printer object from
starting to send IPP jobs to any of its Output Devices or Subordinate
Printers. If the IPP Printer is in the middle of sending an IPP job to
an Output Device or Subordinate Printer, the IPP Printer MUST complete
sending that Job. However, after receiving this operation, the IPP
Printer MUST NOT start to send any additional IPP jobs to any of its
Output Devices or Subordinate Printers. In addition, after having
received this operation, the IPP Printer MUST NOT start processing any
more jobs, so additional jobs MUST NOT enter the 'processing' state.
If the IPP Printer is not sending an IPP Job to the Output Device or
Subordinate Printer (whether or not the Output Device or Subordinate
Printer is busy processing any jobs), the IPP Printer object transitions
immediately to the 'stopped' state by setting its "printer-state"
attribute to 'stopped', removing the 'moving-to-paused' value, if
present, from its "printer-state-reasons" attribute, and adding the
'paused' value to its "printer-state-reasons" attribute.
If the implementation will take appreciable time to complete sending an
IPP job that it has started sending to an Output Device or Subordinate
Printer, the IPP Printer adds the 'moving-to-paused' value to the
Printer object's "printer-state-reasons" attribute (see section [ipp-
mod] 4.4.12). When the IPP Printer has completed sending IPP jobs that
it was in the process of sending, the Printer object transitions to the
'stopped' state by setting its "printer-state" attribute to 'stopped',
removing the 'moving-to-paused' value, if present, from its "printer-
state-reasons" attribute, and adding the 'paused' value to its "printer-
state-reasons" attribute.
This operation MUST NOT affect the acceptance of Job Creation requests
(see Disable-Printer section 3.1.1).
For any jobs that are 'pending' or 'pending-held', the 'printer-stopped'
value of the jobs' "job-state-reasons" attribute also applies. However,
the IPP Printer NEED NOT update those jobs' "job-state-reasons"
attributes and only need return the 'printer-stopped' value when those
jobs are queried using the Get-Job-Attributes or Get-Jobs operations
(so-called "lazy evaluation").
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state and transition the
Printer to the indicated new "printer-state" and MUST add the indicated
value to "printer-state-reasons" attribute before returning as follows:
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Current New "printer IPP Printer's response status
"printer- "printer- -state- code and action:
state" state" reasons"
REQUIRED/OPTIONAL state
transition for a Printer to
support
'idle' 'stopped' 'paused' REQUIRED: 'successful-ok'
'processing' 'processing' 'moving- OPTIONAL: 'successful-ok';
to- Later, when the IPP Printer has
paused' finished sending IPP jobs to an
Output Device, the "printer-
state" becomes 'stopped', and
the 'paused' value replaces the
'moving-to-paused' value in the
"printer-state-reasons"
attribute
'processing' 'stopped' 'paused' REQUIRED: 'successful-ok'; the
IPP Printer wasn't in the middle
of sending an IPP job to an
Output Device
'stopped' 'stopped' 'paused' REQUIRED: 'successful-ok'
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job Request and Pause-Printer-After-
Current-Job Response have the same attribute groups and attributes as
the Pause-Printer operation (see [ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and
3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-message-from-operator" operation
attribute (see section 6).
3.3 Hold and Release New Jobs operations
This section defines operations to condition the Printer to hold any new
jobs and to release them.
3.3.1 Hold-New-Jobs operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to condition the Printer to
complete the current 'pending' and 'processing' IPP Jobs but not start
processing any subsequently created IPP Jobs. If the IPP Printer is in
the middle of sending an IPP job to an Output Device or Subordinate
Printer, the IPP Printer MUST complete sending that Job. Furthermore,
the IPP Printer MUST send all of the current 'pending' IPP Jobs to the
Output Device(s) or Subordinate IPP Printer object(s). Any subsequently
received Job Creation operations will cause the IPP Printer to put the
Job into the 'pending-held' state with the 'job-held-on-create' value
being added to the job's "job-state-reasons" attribute. Thus all newly
accepted jobs will be automatically held by the Printer.
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When the Printer completes all of the 'pending' and 'processing' jobs,
it enters the 'idle' state as usual. An operator that is monitoring
Printer state changes will know when the Printer has completed all
current jobs because the Printer enters the 'idle' state.
This operation MUST NOT affect the acceptance of Job Creation requests
(see Disable-Printer section 3.1.1), except to put the Jobs into the
'pending-held' state, instead of the 'pending' or 'processing' state.
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state, MUST NOT
transition the Printer to any other "printer-state", and MUST add the
'hold-new-jobs' value to the Printer's "printer-state-reasons" attribute
(whether the value was present or not).
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Hold-New-Jobs Request and Hold-New-Jobs Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.3.2 Release-Held-New-Jobs operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to undo the effect of a previous
Hold-New-Jobs operation. In particular, the Printer releases all of the
jobs that it had held as a consequence of a Hold-New-Jobs operations,
i.e., while the 'hold-new-jobs' value was present in the Printer's
"printer-state-reasons" attribute. In addition, the Printer MUST accept
this request in any state, MUST NOT transition the Printer to any other
"printer-state", and MUST remove the 'hold-new-jobs' value from its
"printer-state-reasons" attribute (whether the value was present or not)
so that the Printer no longer holds newly created jobs.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Release-Held-New-Jobs Request and Release-Held-New-Jobs Response
have the same attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer
operation (see [ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the
new "printer-message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.4 Deactivate and Activate Printer Operations
This section defines the OPTIONAL Deactivate-Printer and Activate-
Printer operations that stop and start the IPP Printer object from
accepting all requests except queries and performing work. If either of
these operations are supported, both MUST be supported.
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These operations allow the operator to put the Printer into a dormant
read-only condition and to take it out of such a condition. These
operations are a combination of the Deactivate and Pause operations,
plus preventing the acceptance of any other requests, except queries.
The Deactivate and Activate Printer Operations MUST NOT affect the
submission of jobs using other job submission protocols to the
associated Output Device; the Deactivate and Activate Device Operations
(see [ipp-device-ops]) are intended to stop the associated Output
Device(s) from performing work and accepting operations, except query
operations.
3.4.1 Deactivate-Printer operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to stop the Printer object from
starting to send IPP jobs to any of its Output Devices or Subordinate
Printers (Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job) and stop the Printer object
from accepting any, but query requests. The Printer performs a Disable-
Printer and a Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job operation immediately,
including use of all of the "printer-state-reasons" if these two
operations cannot be completed immediately. In addition, the Printer
MUST immediately reject all requests, except Activate-Printer, queries
(Get-Printer-Attributes, Get-Job-Attributes, Get-Jobs, etc.), Send-
Document, and Send-URI (so that partial job submission can be completed
- see section 3.1.1) and return the 'server-error-service-unavailable'
status code.
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state. Immediately, the
Printer MUST set the 'deactivated' value in its "printer-state-reasons"
attribute. Note: neither the Disable-Printer nor the Pause-Printer-
After-Current-Job set the 'deactivated' value.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Deactivate-Printer Request and Deactivate-Printer Response have the
same attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.4.2 Activate-Printer operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to undo the effects of the
Deactivate-Printer, i.e., allow the Printer object to start sending IPP
jobs to any of its Output Devices or Subordinate Printers (Pause-
Printer-After-Current-Job) and start the Printer object from accepting
any requests. The Printer performs an Enable-Printer and a Resume-
Printer operation immediately. In addition, the Printer MUST
immediately start accepting all requests.
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The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state. Immediately, the
Printer MUST immediately remove the 'deactivated' value from its
"printer-state-reasons" attribute (whether present or not).
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Activate-Printer Request and Activate-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.5 Restart-Printer, Shutdown-Printer, and Startup-Printer operations
This section defines the OPTIONAL Restart-Printer, Shutdown-Printer, and
Startup-Printer operations that initialize, shutdown, and startup the
Printer object, respectively. Each of these operations is OPTIONAL and
any combination MAY be supported.
The Restart-Printer, Shutdown-Printer, and Startup-Printer operations
MUST NOT affect the submission of jobs using other job submission
protocols to the associated Output Device; the Reset-Device and Power-
Off-Device Operations (see [ipp-device-ops]) are intended to initialize
or power off the associated Output Device(s).
3.5.1 Restart-Printer operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to restart a Printer object
whose operation is in need of initialization because of incorrect or
erratic behavior, i.e., perform the effect of a software re-boot. The
implementation MUST attempt to save any information about Jobs and the
Printer object before re-initializing. However, this operation MAY have
drastic consequences on the running system, so the operator should first
try the Deactivate-Printer to minimize the effect on the current state
of the system. The effects of previous Disable-Printer, Pause Printer,
and Deactivate-Printer operations are lost.
The IPP Printer MUST accept the request in any state. The Printer
object MUST initialize its Printer's "printer-state" to 'idle', remove
the state reasons from its "printer-state-reasons" attribute, and its
"printer-is-accepting-jobs" attribute to 'true'.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Restart-Printer Request and Restart-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.8.1 and 3.2.8.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
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3.5.2 Shutdown-Printer Operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to shutdown a Printer, i.e.,
stop processing jobs and make the Printer object no longer available for
any operations using the IPP protocol without losing any jobs. There is
no way to bring the instance of the Printer object back to being used,
except for the Startup-Printer (see section 3.5.3) which starts up a new
instance of the Printer object for hosted implementations. The purpose
of Shutdown-Printer is to shutdown the Printer for an extended period,
not to reset the device(s) or modify a Printer attribute. See Restart-
Printer (section 3.5.1), Startup-Printer (section ), and Reset-Device
[ipp-device-ops] for the way to initialize the software or reset the
Output Device(s). See the Disable-Printer operation (section 3.1) for a
way for the client to stop the Printer from accepting Job Creation
requests without stopping processing or shutting down.
The Printer MUST add the 'shutdown' value (see [ipp-mod] section 4.4.11)
immediately to its "printer-state-reasons" Printer Description attribute
and performs a Deactivate-Printer operation (see section 3.4.1) which
performs a Disable-Printer and Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job
operation).
Note: In order to shutdown the Printer after all the currently
submitted jobs have completed, the operator issues a Disable-Printer
operation (see section 3.1.1) and then waits until all the jobs have
completed and the Printer goes into the 'idle' state before issuing the
Shutdown-Printer operation.
The Printer object MUST accept this operation in any state and
transition the Printer object through the "printer-states" and "printer-
state-reasons" defined for the Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job operation
until the activity is completed and the Printer object disappears.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Shutdown-Printer Request and Shutdown-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
3.5.3 Startup-Printer operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to startup an instance of a
Printer object, provided that there isn't one already instantiated. The
purpose of Startup-Printer is to allow a hosted implementation of the
IPP Printer object (i.e., a Server that implements an IPP Printer on
behalf of a networked or local Output Device) to be started after the
host is available (by means outside this document). See Restart-Printer
(section 3.5.1) and Reset-Device [ipp-device-ops] for the way to
initialize the software or reset the Output Device(s) when the IPP
Printer object has already been instantiated.
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The host MUST accept this operation only when the Printer object has not
been instantiated. If the Printer object already exists, the host must
return the 'client-error-not-possible' status code.
The result of this operation MUST be with the Printer object's "printer-
state" set to 'idle', the state reasons removed from its "printer-state-
reasons" attribute, and its "printer-is-accepting-jobs" attribute set to
'false'. Then the operator can reconfigure the Printer before
performing an Enable-Printer operation. However, when a Printer is
first powered up, it is RECOMMENDED that its "printer-is-accepting-jobs"
attribute be set to 'true' in order to achieve easy "out of the box"
operation.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Shutdown-Printer Request and Shutdown-Printer Response have the same
attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation (see
[ipp-mod] sections 3.2.7.1 and 3.2.7.2), including the new "printer-
message-from-operator" operation attribute (see section 6).
4 Definition of the Job Operations
All Job operations are directed at Job objects. A client MUST always
supply some means of identifying the Job object in order to identify the
correct target of the operation. That job identification MAY either be
a single Job URI or a combination of a Printer URI with a Job ID. The
IPP object implementation MUST support both forms of identification for
every job.
The Job Operations defined in this document are summarized in Table 3:
Table 3 - Job operation Operation-Id assignments
Operation Name Operati Brief description
on-Id
Reprocess-Job 0x2C Creates a copy of a completed target
job with a new Job ID and processes it
Cancel-Current- 0x2D Cancels the current job on the target
Job Printer or the specified job if it is
the current job
Suspend- 0x2E Suspends the current processing job on
Current-Job the target Printer or the specified job
if it is the current job, allowing
other jobs to be processed instead
Resume-Job 0x2F Resume the suspended target job
Promote-Job 0x30 Promote the pending target job to be
next after the current job(s) complete
Schedule-Job- 0x31 Schedule the target job immediately
After after the specified job, all other
scheduling factors being equal.
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4.1 Reprocess-Job Operation
This OPTIONAL operation is a create job operation that allows a client
to re-process a copy of a job that had been retained in the queue after
processing completed, was canceled, or was aborted (see [ipp-mod]
section 4.3.7.2). This operation is the same as the Restart-Job
operation (see [ipp-mod] section 3.3.7), except that the Printer creates
a new job that is a copy of the target job and the target job is
unchanged. The new job is assigned new values to the "job-uri" and
"job-id" attributes and the new job's Job Description attributes that
accumulate job progress, such as "job-impressions-completed", "job-
media-sheets-completed", and "job-k-octets-processed", are initialized
to 0 as with any create job operation. The target job moves to the Job
History after a suitable period, independent of whether one or more
Reprocess-Job operations have been performed on it.
If the Set-Job-Attributes operation is supported, then the "job-hold-
until" operation attribute MUST be supported with at least the
'indefinite' value, so that a client can modify the new job before it is
scheduled for processing using the Set-Job-Attributes operation. After
modifying the job, the client can release the job for processing, by
using the Release-Job operation specifying the newly assigned "job-uri"
or "job-id" for the new job.
4.2 Cancel-Current-Job Operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to cancel the current job on the
target Printer or the specified job if it is the current job on the
Printer. See [ipp-mod] section 3.3.3 for the semantics of canceling a
job. Since a Job might already be marking by the time a Cancel-Current-
Job is received, some media sheet pages might be printed before the job
is actually terminated.
If the client does not supply a "job-id" operation attribute, the
Printer MUST accept the request and cancel the current job if there is a
current job in the 'processing' or 'processing-stopped' state;
otherwise, it MUST reject the request and return the 'client-error-not-
possible' status code. If more than one job is in the 'processing' or
'processing-stopped' states, the one that is marking is canceled and the
others are unaffected.
Warning: On a shared printer, there is a race condition. Between the
time that a user issues this operation and its acceptance, the current
job might change to a different job. If the user or operator is
authenticated to cancel the new job, the wrong job is canceled. To
prevent this race from canceling the wrong job, the client MAY supply
the "job-id" operation attribute which is checked against the current
job's job-id. If the job identified by the "job-id" attribute is not
the current job on the Printer, i.e., is not in the 'processing' or
'processing-stopped' states, the Printer MUST reject this operation and
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return the 'client-error-not-possible' status code. Otherwise, the
Printer cancels the specified job.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must either be the job owner (as determined in
the Job Creation operation) or an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Cancel-Current-Job Request and Cancel-Current-Job Response have the
same attribute groups and attributes as the Resume-Printer operation
(see [ipp-mod] section 3.2.8), including the new "job-message-from-
operator" operation attribute (see section 6), with the addition of the
following Group 1 Operation attributes in the request:
"job-id" (integer(1:MAX)):
The client OPTIONALLY supplies this Operation attribute in order to
verify that the identified job is still the current job on the
target Printer object. The IPP object MUST supports this operation
attribute, if it supports this operation.
4.3 Suspend and Resume Job operations
This section defines the Suspend-Current-Job and Resume-Job operations.
These operations allow an operator or user to suspend a job while it is
processing and allow other jobs to be processed and the resume the
suspended job at a later point in time without losing any of the output.
If either of these operations is supported, they both MUST be supported.
The Hold-Job and Release-Job operations ([ipp-mod] section 3.3.5) are
for holding and releasing held jobs, not suspending and resuming
suspended jobs.
4.3.1 Suspend-Current-Job operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to stop the current job on the
target Printer or the specified job if it is the current job on the
Printer, and allow other jobs to be processed instead. The Printer
moves the current job or the target job to the 'processing-stopped'
state and sets the 'job-suspended' value (see section 9.1) in the job's
"job-state-reasons" attribute and processes other jobs.
If the client does not supply a "job-id" operation attribute, the
Printer MUST accept the request and suspend the current job if there is
a current job in the 'processing' or 'processing-stopped' state;
otherwise, it MUST reject the request and return the 'client-error-not-
possible' status code. If more than one job is in the 'processing' or
'processing-stopped' states, all of them are suspended.
Warning: On a shared printer, there is a race condition. Between the
time that a user issues this operation and its acceptance, the current
job might change to a different job. If the user or operator is
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authenticated to suspend the new job, the wrong job is suspended. To
prevent this race from pausing the wrong job, the client MAY supply the
"job-id" operation attribute which is checked against the current job's
job-id. If the job identified by the "job-id" attribute is not the
current job on the Printer, i.e., is not in the 'processing' or
'processing-stopped' states, the Printer MUST reject this operation and
return the 'client-error-not-possible' status code. Otherwise, the
Printer suspends the specified job and processed other jobs.
The Printer MUST reject a Resume-Job request (and return the 'client-
error-not-possible') for a job that has been suspended , i.e., for a job
in the 'processing-stopped' state, with the 'job-suspended' value in its
"job-state-reasons" attribute.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must either be the job owner (as determined in
the Job Creation operation) or an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Suspend-Current-Job Request and Suspend-Current-Job Response have
the same attribute groups and attributes as the Pause-Printer operation
(see [ipp-mod] section 3.2.8 ), including the new "job-message-from-
operator" operation attribute (see section 6), with the addition of the
following Group 1 Operation attributes in the request:
"job-id" (integer(1:MAX)):
The client OPTIONALLY supplies this Operation attribute in order to
verify that the identified job is still the current job on the
target Printer object. The IPP object MUST supports this operation
attribute, if it supports this operation.
4.3.2 Resume-Job operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to resume the target job at the
point where it was suspended. The Printer moves the target job to the
'pending' state and removes the 'job-suspended' value from the job's
"job-state-reasons" attribute.
If the target job is not in the 'processing-stopped' state with the
'job-suspended' value in the job's "job-state-reasons" attribute, the
Printer MUST reject the request and return the 'client-error-not-
possible' status code, since the job was not suspended.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must either be the job owner (as determined in
the Job Creation operation) or an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Resume-Job Request and Resume-Job Response have the same attribute
groups and attributes as the Release-Job operation (see [ipp-mod]
section 3.3.6), including the new "job-message-from-operator" operation
attribute (see section 6).
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4.4 Job Scheduling Operations
This section defines jobs that allow an operator to control the
scheduling of jobs.
4.4.1 Promote-Job operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to make the pending target job
be processed next after the current job completes. This operation is
specially useful in a production printing environment where the operator
is involved in job scheduling.
If the target job is in the 'pending' state, this operation does not
change the job's state, but causes the job to be processed after the
current job(s) complete. If the target job is not in the 'pending'
state, the Printer MUST reject the request and return the 'client-error-
not-possible' status code.
If the Printer implements the "job-priority" Job Template attribute (see
[ipp-mod] section 4.2.1), the Printer sets the job's "job-priority" to
the highest value supported (so that the job will print before any of
the other pending jobs). The Printer returns the target job immediately
after the current job(s) in a Get-Jobs response (see [ipp-mod] section
3.2.6) for the 'not-completed' jobs.
When the current job completes, is canceled, suspended (see section
4.3.1), or aborted, the target of this operation is processed next.
If a client issues this request (again) before the target of the
operation of the original request started processing, the target of this
new request is processed before the previous job that was to be
processed next.
IPP is specified not to require queues for job scheduling, since there
are other implementation techniques for scheduling multiple jobs, such
as re-evaluating a criteria function for each job on a scheduling cycle.
However, if an implementation does implement queues for jobs, then the
Promote-Job puts the specified job at the front of the queue. A
subsequent Promote-Job before the first job starts processing puts that
specified job at the front of the queue, so that it is "in front" of the
previously promoted job.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be an operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Promote-Job Request and Promote-Job Response have the same attribute
groups and attributes as the Cancel-Job operation (see [ipp-mod] section
3.3.3), including the new "job-message-from-operator" operation
attribute (see section 6).
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4.4.2 Schedule-Job-After operation
This OPTIONAL operation allows a client to request the Printer to
schedule the target job so that it will be processed immediately after
the specified predecessor job, all other scheduling factors being equal.
This operation is specially useful in a production printing environment
where the operator is involved in job scheduling.
If the target job is in the 'pending' state, this operation does not
change the job's state, but causes the job to be processed after the
predecessor job completes. The predecessor job can be in the 'pending',
'processing', or 'processing-stopped' states. If the target job is not
in the 'pending' state or the predecessor job is not in the 'pending',
'processing', or 'processing-stopped' states, the Printer MUST reject
the request and returns the 'client-error-not-possible' status code,
since the job cannot have its position changed.
If the Printer implements the "job-priority" Job Template attribute (see
[ipp-mod] section 4.2.1), the Printer sets the job's "job-priority" to
that of the predecessor job (so that the job will print after the
predecessor job). The Printer returns the target job immediately after
the predecessor in a Get-Jobs response (see [ipp-mod] section 3.2.6) for
the 'not-completed' jobs.
When the predecessor job completes processing or is canceled or aborted
while processing, the target of this operation is processed next.
If the client does not supply a predecessor job, this operation has the
same semantics as Promote-Job (see section 4.4).
IPP is specified not to require queues for job scheduling, since there
are other implementation techniques for scheduling multiple jobs, such
as re-evaluating a criteria function for each job on a scheduling cycle.
However, if an implementation does implement queues for jobs, then the
Schedule-Job-After operation puts the specified job immediately after
the specified job in the queue. A subsequent Schedule-Job-After
operation specifying the same job will cause its target job to be placed
after that job, even though it is between the first target job and the
specified job. For example, suppose the job queue consisted of jobs: A,
B, C, D, and E, in that order. A Schedule-Job-After with job E as the
target and B as the specified job would result in the following queue:
A, B, E, C, D. A subsequent Schedule-Job-After with Job D as the target
and B as the specified job would result in the following queue: A, B,
D, E, C. In other words, the link between the two jobs in a Schedule-
Job-After operation is not retained, i.e., there is no attribute on
either job that points to the other job as a result of this operation.
Access Rights: The authenticated user (see [ipp-mod] section 8.3)
performing this operation must be operator or administrator of the
Printer object (see [ipp-mod] Sections 1 and 8.5).
The Schedule-Job-After Request have the same attribute groups and
attributes as the Cancel-Job operation (see [ipp-mod] section 3.3.3),
plus the new "job-message-from-operator" operation attribute (see
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section 6). In addition, the following operation attributes are
defined:
"predecessor-job-id":
The client OPTIONALLY supplies this attribute. The Printer MUST
support it, if it supports this operation. This attribute
specifies the job after which the target job is to be processed.
If the client omits this attribute, the Printer MUST process the
target job next, i.e., after the current job, if any.
The Schedule-Job-After Response has the same attribute groups,
attributes, and status codes as the Cancel-Job operation (see [ipp-mod]
section 3.3.3). The following status codes have particular meaning for
this operation:
'client-error-not-possible' - the target job was not in the 'pending'
state or the predecessor job was no in the 'pending', 'processing',
or 'processing-stopped' states.
'client-error-not-found' - either the target job or the predecessor
job was not found.
5 Additional status codes
This section defines new status codes used by the operations defined in
this document.
5.1 'server-error-printer-is-deactivated' (0x050A)
The Printer has been deactivated using the Deactivate-Printer operation
and is only accepting the Activate-Printer (see section 3.5.1), Get-Job-
Attributes, Get-Jobs, Get-Printer-Attributes, and any other Get-Xxxx
operations. An operator can perform the Activate-Printer operation to
allow the Printer to accept other operations.
6 Use of Operation Attributes that are Messages from the Operator
This section summarizes the usage of the "printer-message-from-operator"
and "job-message-from-operator" operation attributes that set the
corresponding Printer and Job Description attributes (see [ipp-set-ops]
for the definition of these operation attributes). These operation
attributes are defined for most of the Device and Job operations that
operators are likely to perform, respectively, so that operators can
indicate the reasons for their actions.
Table 4 shows the operation attributes that are defined for use with the
Printer Operations.
Legend:
REQ - REQUIRED for a Printer to support
OPT - OPTIONAL for a Printer to support; the Printer ignores the
attribute if not supported
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<blank> - not defined for use with the operation; the Printer
ignores the attribute
Table 4 - Operation attribute support for Printer Operations
Operation Pause- Hold-New- Pur Get- Enabl Rest Shut
Attribute Printer, Jobs, ge- Printe e- art- down
Pause- Release- Job r- Print Prin -
Printer- Held-New- s Attrib , ter Prin
After- Jobs utes, Disab ter,
Current- Set- le- Star
Job, Printe Print tup-
Resume- r- er Prin
Printer Attrib ter
utes
attributes- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
charset
attributes- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
natural-
language
printer-uri REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
requesting- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
user-name
printer- OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT
message-
from-
operator
Table 5 shows the operation attributes that are defined for use with the
Job operations.
Legend:
REQ - REQUIRED for a Printer to support
O - OPTIONAL for a Printer to support; the Printer ignores the
attribute if supplied, but not supported
<blank> - not defined for use with the operation; the Printer
ignores the attribute
Table 5 - Operation attribute support for Job operations
Operation Can Canc Hol Sus Res Get- Rest Repr Pro Sch
Attribute cel el- d- pen ume Job- art- oces mot edu
- Curr Job d- - Attrib Job s- e- le-
Job ent- , Cur Job utes, Job Job Job
Job Rel ren Set- -
eas t- Job- Aft
e- Job Attrib er
Job utes
attributes- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
charset
attributes- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
natural-language
printer-uri REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
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Operation Can Canc Hol Sus Res Get- Rest Repr Pro Sch
Attribute cel el- d- pen ume Job- art- oces mot edu
- Curr Job d- - Attrib Job s- e- le-
Job ent- , Cur Job utes, Job Job Job
Job Rel ren Set- -
eas t- Job- Aft
e- Job Attrib er
Job utes
job-uri REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
job-id REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
requesting-user- REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ REQ
name
job-message- OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT
from-operator
message [to- OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT OPT
operator]
job-hold-until OPT OPT*
* *
* The Printer MUST support the "job-hold-until" operation attribute
if it supports the "job-hold-until" Job Template attribute.
** The Printer MUST support the "job-hold-until" operation attribute if
it supports the Set-Job-Attributes operation, so that the client can
hold the job with the Reprocess-Job operation and the modify the job
before releasing it to be processed.
7 New Printer Description Attributes
The following new Printer Description attributes are needed to support
the new operations defined in this document and the concepts of Printer
Fan-Out (see section 11).
7.1 subordinate-printers-supported (1setOf uri)
This Printer attribute is REQUIRED if an implementation supports
Subordinate Printers (see section 11) and contains the URIs of the
immediate Subordinate Printer object(s) associated with this Printer
object. Each Non-Leaf Printer object MUST support this Printer
Description attribute. A Leaf Printer object either does not support
the "subordinate-printers-supported" attribute or does so with the 'no-
value' out-of-band value (see [ipp-mod] section 4.1), depending on
implementation.
The precise format of the Subordinate Printer URIs is implementation
dependent (see section 11.4).
If the Printer object does not have an associated Output Device, the
Printer MAY automatically copy the value of the Subordinate Printer
object's "printer-name" MAY be used to populate the Job object's
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"output-device-assigned" attribute (see [ipp-mod] section 4.3.13). The
"output-device-assigned" Job attribute identifies the Output Device to
which the Printer object has assigned a job, for example, when a single
Printer object is supporting Device Fan-Out or Printer Fan-Out.
7.2 parent-printers-supported (1setOf uri)
This Printer attribute is REQUIRED if an implementation supports
Subordinate Printers (see section 11) and contains the URI of the Non-
Leaf printer object(s) for which this Printer object is the immediate
Subordinate, i.e., this Printer's immediate "parent" or "parents". Each
Subordinate Printer object MUST support this Printer Description
attribute. A Printer that has no parents, either does not support the
"parent-printers-supported" attribute or does so with the 'no-value'
out-of-band value (see [ipp-mod] section 4.1), depending on
implementation.
8 Additional Values for "printer-state-reasons"
This section defines additional values for the "printer-state-reasons"
Printer Description attribute.
8.1 'hold-new-jobs'
'hold-new-jobs': The operator has issued the Hold-New-Jobs operation
(see section 3.3.1) or other means, but the output-device(s) are
taking an appreciable time to stop. Later, when all output has
stopped, the "printer-state" becomes 'stopped', and the 'paused'
value replaces the 'moving-to-paused' value in the "printer-state-
reasons" attribute. This value MUST be supported, if the Hold-New-
Jobs operation is supported and the implementation takes
significant time to pause a device in certain circumstances.
8.2 'deactivated'
'deactivated': A client has issued a Deactivate-Printer operation
for the Printer object (see section 3.4.1) and the Printer is in
the process of becoming deactivated or has become deactivated. The
Printer MUST reject all requests except Activate-Printer, queries
(Get-Printer-Attributes, Get-Job-Attributes, Get-Jobs, etc.), Send-
Document, and Send-URI (so that partial job submission can be
completed - see section 3.1.1) and return the 'server-error-
service-unavailable' status code.
9 Additional Values for "job-state-reasons"
This section defines additional values for the "job-state-reasons" Job
Description attribute.
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9.1 'job-suspended'
'job-suspended': The job has been suspended while processing using
the Suspend-Current-Job operation and other jobs can be processed
on the Printer. The Job can be resumed using the Resume-Job
operation which removes this value.
10 Additional events
The following Printer events are defined for use with [ipp-ntfy]:
'forwarded-operation-failed' - an operation that a Printer forwarded
to a Subordinate Printer (see section 11.7) failed.
11 Use of the Printer object to represent IPP Printer Fan-Out and IPP
Printer Fan-In
This section defines how the Printer object MAY be used to represent IPP
Printer Fan-Out and IPP Printer Fan-In. Fan-Out is where an IPP Printer
is used to represent other IPP Printer objects. Fan-In is where several
IPP Printer objects are used to represent another IPP Printer object.
11.1 IPP Printer Fan-Out
The IPP/1.1 Model and Semantics introduces the semantic concept of an
IPP Printer object that represents more than one Output Device (see
[ipp-mod] section 2.1). This concept is called "Output Device Fan-Out".
However, there was no way to represent the individual states of the
Output Devices or to perform operations on a specific Output Device when
there was Fan-Out. This document generalizes the semantics of the
Printer object to represent such Subordinate Fan-Out Output Devices as
IPP Printer objects. This concept is called "Printer object Fan-Out".
A Printer object that has a Subordinate Printer object is called a Non-
Leaf Printer object. Thus a Non-Leaf Printer object supports one or
more Subordinate Printer objects in order to represent Printer object
Fan-Out. A Printer object that does not have any Subordinate Printer
objects is called a Leaf Printer object.
Each Non-Leaf Printer object submits jobs to its immediate Subordinate
Printers and otherwise controls the Subordinate Printers using IPP or
other protocols. Whether pending jobs are kept in the Non-Leaf Printer
until a Subordinate Printer can accept them or are kept in the
Subordinate Printers depends on implementation and/or configuration
policy. Furthermore, a Subordinate Printer object MAY, in turn, have
Subordinate Printer objects. Thus a Printer object can be both a Non-
Leaf Printer and a Subordinate Printer.
A Subordinate Printer object MUST be a conforming Printer object, so it
MUST support all of the REQUIRED [ipp-mod] operations and attributes.
However, with access control, the Subordinate Printer MAY be configured
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so that end-user clients are not permitted to perform any operations (or
just Get-Printer-Attributes) while one or more Non-Leaf Printer
object(s) are permitted to perform any operation.
11.2 IPP Printer Fan-In
The IPP/1.1 Model and Semantics did not preclude the semantic concept of
multiple IPP Printer objects that represent a single Output Device (see
[ipp-mod] section 2.1). However, there was no way for the client to
determine that there was a Fan-In configuration, nor was there a way to
perform operations on the Subordinate device. This specification
generalizes the semantics of the Printer object to allow several Non-
Leaf IPP Printer objects to represent a single Subordinate Printer
object. Thus a Non-Leaf Printer object MAY share a Subordinate Printer
object with one or more other Non-Leaf Printer objects in order to
represent IPP Printer Fan-In.
As with Fan-Out (see section 11.1), when a Printer object is a Non-Leaf
Printer, it MUST NOT have an associated Output Device. As with Fan-Out,
a Leaf Printer object has one or more associated Output Devices. As
with Fan-Out, the Non-Leaf Printer objects submit jobs to their
Subordinate Printer objects and otherwise control the Subordinate
Printer. As with Fan-Out, whether pending jobs are kept in the Non-Leaf
Printers until the Subordinate Printer can accept them or are kept in
the Subordinate Printer depends on implementation and/or configuration
policy.
11.3 Printer object attributes used to represent Printer Fan-Out and
Printer Fan-In
The following Printer Description attributes are defined to represent
the relationship between Printer object(s) and their Subordinate Printer
object(s):
1."subordinate-printers-supported" (1setOf uri) - contains the URI of
the immediate Subordinate Printer object(s).
2."parent-printers-supported (1setOf uri) - contains the URI of the
Non-Leaf printer object(s) for which this Printer object is the
immediate Subordinate, i.e., this Printer's immediate "parent" or
"parents".
11.4 Subordinate Printer URI
Each Subordinate Printer object has a URI which is used as the target of
each operation on the Subordinate Printer. The means for configuring
URIs for Subordinate Printer objects is implementation-dependent as are
all URIs. However, there are two distinct approaches:
a. When the implementation wants to make sure that no operation on
a Subordinate Printer object as a target "sneaks by" the parent
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Printer object (or the Subordinate Printer is fronting for a device
that is not networked), the host part of the URI specifies the host
of the parent Printer. Then the parent Printer object can easily
reflect the state of the Subordinate Printer objects in the
parent's Printer object state and state reasons as the operation
passes "through" the parent Printer object.
b. When the Subordinate Printer is networked and the implementation
allows operations to go directly to the Subordinate Printer (with
proper access control) without knowledge of the parent Printer
object, the host part of the URI is different than the host part of
the parent Printer object. In such a case, the parent Printer
object MUST keep its "printer-state" and "printer-state-reasons" up
to date, either by polling the Subordinate Printer object or by
subscribing to events with the Subordinate Printer object (see
[ipp-not-spec] for means to subscribe to event notification when
the Subordinate Printer object supports IPP notification).
11.5 Printer object attributes used to represent Output Device Fan-Out
Only Leaf IPP Printer objects are allowed to have one or more associated
Output Devices. Each Leaf Printer object MAY support the "output-
devices-supported" (1setOf name(127)) to indicate the user-friendly
name(s) of the Output Device(s) that the Leaf Printer object represents.
It is RECOMMENDED that each Leaf Printer object have only one associated
Output Device, so that the individual Output Devices can be represented
completely and controlled completely by clients. In other words, the
Leaf Printer's "output-devices-supported" attribute SHOULD have only one
value.
Non-Leaf Printer MUST NOT have associated Output Devices. However, a
Non-Leaf Printer SHOULD support an "output-devices-supported" (1setOf
name(127)) Printer Description attribute that contains all the values of
its immediate Subordinate Printers. Since such Subordinate Printers MAY
be Leaf or Non-Leaf, the same rules apply to them, etc. Thus any Non-
Leaf Printer SHOULD have an "output-devices-supported" (1setOf
name(127)) attribute that contains all the values of the Output Devices
associated with Leaf Printers of its complete sub-tree.
When adding, removing, or changing a configuration of Printers and
Output Devices, there can be moments in time when the tree structure is
not consistent. In other words, times when a Non-Leaf Printer's
"subordinate-printers-supported" does not agree with the Subordinate
Printer's "parent-printers-supported". Therefore, the operator SHOULD
first Deactivate all Printers that are being configured in this way,
update all pointer attributes, and then reactivate. A useful client
tool would validate a tree structure before Activating the Printers
involved.
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11.6 Figures to show all possible configurations
Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3 are taken from [ipp-mod] to show the
configurations possible with IPP/1.0 and IPP/1.1 where all Printer
objects are Leaf Printer objects. The remaining figures show additional
configurations that this document defines using Non-Leaf and Leaf
Printer objects. Legend for all figures:
----> indicates a network protocol with the direction of its requests
##### indicates a Printer object which is either:
- embedded in an Output Device or
- hosted in a server. The Printer object
might or might not be capable of queuing/spooling.
any indicates any network protocol or direct
connect, including IPP
Output Device
+---------------+
| ########### |
O +--------+ | # (Leaf) # |
/|\ | client |------------IPP-----------------># Printer # |
/ \ +--------+ | # Object # |
| ########### |
+---------------+
Figure 1 - Embedded Printer object
########### Output Device
O +--------+ # (Leaf) # +---------------+
/|\ | client |---IPP----># Printer #---any->| |
/ \ +--------+ # object # | |
########### +---------------+
Figure 2 - Hosted Printer object
+---------------+
| |
+->| Output Device |
########### any/ | |
O +--------+ # (Leaf) # / +---------------+
/|\ | client |---IPP----># Printer #--*
/ \ +--------+ # Object # \ +---------------+
########### any\ | |
+->| Output Device |
| |
+---------------+
Figure 3 - Output Device Fan-Out
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########### ###########
O +--------+ # Non-Leaf# # subord. #
/|\ | client |---IPP----># Printer #---IPP----># Printer #
/ \ +--------+ # object # # object #
########### ###########
The Subordinate Printer can be a Non-Leaf Printer as in Figure 4 to
Figure 6, or can be a Leaf Printer as in Figure 1 to Figure 3.
Figure 4 - Chained IPP Printer Objects
+------IPP--------------------->###########
/ +---># subord. #
/ / # Printer #
/ ########### any # object #
O +--------+ # Non-Leaf# / ###########
/|\ | client |---IPP----># Printer #--*
/ \ +--------+ # object # \
\ ########### any ###########
\ \ # subord. #
\ +---># Printer #
+------IPP---------------------># object #
###########
The Subordinate Printer can be a Non-Leaf Printer as in Figure 4 to
Figure 6, or can be a Leaf Printer as in Figure 1 to Figure 3.
Figure 5 - IPP Printer Object Fan-Out
(Non-Leaf)
###########
# Non-Leaf#
+---># Printer #-+
/ # object # \
IPP ########### \ ###########
O +--------+ / +-IPP-># subord. #
/|\ | client |--+-----------IPP---------------># Printer #
/ \ +--------+ \ +-IPP-># object #
IPP ########### / ###########
\ # Non-Leaf# /
+---># Printer #-+
# object #
###########
(Non-Leaf)
The Subordinate Printer can be a Non-Leaf Printer as in Figure 4, Figure
5, or Figure 6, or can be a Leaf Printer as in Figure 1, Figure 2, or
Figure 3.
Figure 6 - IPP Printer Object Fan-In
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11.7 Forwarding requests
This section describes the forwarding of Job and Printer requests to
Subordinate Printer objects.
11.7.1 Forwarding requests that affect Printer objects
In Printer Fan-Out, Printer Fan-In, and Chained Printers, the Non-Leaf
IPP Printer object MUST NOT forward the operations that affect Printer
objects to its Subordinate Printer objects. If a client wants to
explicitly target a Subordinate Printer, the client MUST specify the URI
of the Subordinate Printer. The client can determine the URI of any
Subordinate Printers by querying the Printer's "subordinate-printers-
supported (1setOf uri) attribute (see section 7.1).
Table 6 lists the operations that affect Printer objects and the
forwarding behavior that a Non-Leaf Printer MUST exhibit to its
immediate Subordinate Printers. Operations that affect jobs have a
different forwarding rule (see section 11.7.2 and Table 7):
Table 6 - Forwarding operations that affect Printer objects
Printer Operation Non-Leaf Printer action
Printer Operations:
Enable-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Disable-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Hold-New-Jobs MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Release-Held-New- MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Jobs Printers
Deactivate-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Activate-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Restart-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Shutdown-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Startup-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
IPP/1.1 Printer See [ipp-mod]
Operations:
Get-Printer- MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Attributes Printers
Pause-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Resume-Printer MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
Printers
Set operations: See [ipp-set-ops]
Set-Printer- MUST NOT forward to any of its Subordinate
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Printer Operation Non-Leaf Printer action
Attributes Printers
11.7.2 Forwarding requests that affect Jobs
Unlike Printer Operations that only affect Printer objects (see section
11.7.1), a Non-Leaf Printer object MUST forward operations that directly
affect jobs to the appropriate Job object(s) in one or more of its
immediate Subordinate Printer objects. Forwarding is REQUIRED since the
purpose of such a Job operation is to affect the indicated job which
itself may have been forwarded. Such forwarding MAY be immediate or
queued, depending on the operation and the implementation. For example,
a Non-Leaf Printer object MAY queue/spool jobs, feeding a job at a time
to its Subordinate Printer(s), or MAY forward jobs immediately to one of
its Subordinate Printers. In either case, the Non-Leaf Printer object
is forwarding Job Creation operations to one of its Subordinate
Printers. Only the time of forwarding of the Job Creation operations
depends on whether the policy is to queue/spool jobs in the Non-Leaf
Printer or the Subordinate Printer.
When a Non-Leaf Printer object creates a Job object in its Subordinate
Printer, whether that Non-Leaf Printer object keeps a fully formed Job
object or just keeps a mapping from the "job-ids" that it assigned to
those assigned by its Subordinate Printer object is IMPLEMENTATION-
DEPENDENT. In either case, the Non-Leaf Printer MUST be able to accept
and carry out future Job operations that specify the "job-id" that the
Non-Leaf Printer assigned and returned to the job submitting client.
Table 7 lists the operations that directly affect jobs and the
forwarding behavior that a Non-Leaf Printer MUST exhibit to its
Subordinate Printers:
Table 7 - Forwarding operations that affect Jobs objects
Job operation Non-Leaf Printer action
Job operations:
Reprocess-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
Cancel- MUST NOT forward
Current-Job
Resume-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
Promote-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
IPP/1.1 Printer
Operations:
Print-Job MUST forward immediately or queue to the
appropriate Subordinate Printer
Print-URI MUST forward immediately or queue to the
appropriate Subordinate Printer
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Job operation Non-Leaf Printer action
Validate-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Subordinate
Printer
Create-Job MUST forward immediately or queue to the
appropriate Subordinate Printer
Get-Jobs MUST forward to all its Subordinate Printers
Purge-Jobs MUST forward to all its Subordinate Printers
IPP/1.1 Job
operations:
Send-Document MUST forward immediately or queue to the
appropriate Job in one of its Subordinate
Printers
Send-URI MUST forward immediately or queue to the
appropriate Job in one of its Subordinate
Printers
Cancel-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
Get-Job- MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
Attributes its Subordinate Printers, if the Non-Leaf
Printer doesn't know the complete status of the
Job object
Hold-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
Release-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
Restart-Job MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
its Subordinate Printers
IPP Set operations: See [ipp-set-ops]
Set-Job- MUST forward to the appropriate Job in one of
Attributes its Subordinate Printers
When a Printer receives a request that REQUIRES forwarding, it does so
on a "best efforts basis", and returns a response to its client without
waiting for responses from any of its Subordinate Printers. Such
forwarded requests could fail. In order for a client to become aware of
such a condition, a new 'forwarded-operation-failed' event is defined,
which a client can subscribe to (see section 10 and [ipp-ntfy]).
The following Job Description attributes are defined to help represent
Job relationships for Fan-Out and forwarding of jobs:
1."output-device-assigned" (name(127)) - from [ipp-mod]: This attribute
identifies the Output Device to which the Printer object has assigned
this job. If an Output Device implements an embedded Printer object,
the Printer object NEED NOT set this attribute. If a print server
implements a Printer object, the value MAY be empty (zero-length
string) or not returned until the Printer object assigns an Output
Device to the job. This attribute is particularly useful when a
single Printer object supports multiple devices (so called "Fan-
Out").
2."original-requesting-user-name" (name(MAX)) - operation attribute
containing the user name of the original user, i.e., corresponds to
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the "requesting-user-name" operation attribute that the original
client supplied to the first Printer object. The IPP/1.1
"requesting-user-name" operation attribute (see [ipp-mod]) is updated
by each client to be itself on each hop, i.e., the "requesting-user-
name" is the client forwarding the request, not the original client.
The "job-originating-user-name" Job Description attribute remains as
the authenticated original user, not the parent Printer's
authenticated host, and is forwarded by each client without changing
the value.
12 Conformance Requirements
The Job and Printer Administrative operations defined in this document
are OPTIONAL operations. However, some operations MUST be implemented
if others are implemented as shown in Table 8.
Table 8 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for Operations
Operations REQUIRED If any of these operations are supported:
Enable-Printer Disable-Printer
Disable-Printer Enable-Printer
Pause-Printer Resume-Printer
Resume-Printer Pause-Printer, Pause-Printer-After-Current-Job
Hold-New-Jobs Release-Held-New-Jobs
Release-Held-New-Jobs Hold-New-Jobs
Activate-Printer, Deactivate-Printer
Disable-Printer,
Pause-Printer-After-
Current-Job
Deactivate-Printer, Activate-Printer
Enable-Printer,
Resume-Printer
Restart-Printer none
Shutdown-Printer none
Startup-Printer none
Reprocess-Job none
Cancel-Current-Job none
Resume-Job Suspend-Current-Job
Suspend-Current-Job Resume-Job
Promote-Job none
Schedule-Job-After Promote-Job
Table 9 and Table 10 list the "printer-state-reasons" and "job-state-
reasons" values that are REQUIRED if the indicated operations are
supported.
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Table 9 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for "printer-state-
reasons" Values
"printer-state- Conforman If any of the following Printer
reasons" values: ce Operations are supported:
Requireme
nt
'paused' REQUIRED Pause-Printer, Pause-Printer-After-
Current-Job, or Deactivate-Printer
'hold-new-jobs' REQUIRED Hold-New-Jobs
'moving-to-paused' OPTIONAL Pause-Printer, Pause-Printer-After-
Current-Job, Deactivate-Printer
'deactivated' REQUIRED Deactivate-Printer
Table 10 - Conformance Requirement Dependencies for "job-state-reasons"
Values
"job-state-reasons" Conforman If any of the following Job operations
values: ce are supported:
Requireme
nt
'job-suspended' REQUIRED Suspend-Current-Job
'printer-stopped' REQUIRED always REQUIRED
13 IANA Considerations
The operations and attributes in this registration proposal will be
published by IANA according to the procedures in RFC 2566 [rfc2566]
section 6.4 for operations with the following URL:
ftp.isi.edu/iana/assignments/ipp/operations/ipp-admin-ops.txt
14 Internationalization Considerations
This document has the same localization considerations as the [ipp-mod].
15 Security Considerations
The IPP Model and Semantics document [ipp-mod] discusses high level
security requirements (Client Authentication, Server Authentication and
Operation Privacy). Client Authentication is the mechanism by which the
client proves its identity to the server in a secure manner. Server
Authentication is the mechanism by which the server proves its identity
to the client in a secure manner. Operation Privacy is defined as a
mechanism for protecting operations from eavesdropping.
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16 Author's Addresses
Carl Kugler
IBM
Boulder CO
Phone: (303) 924-5060
FAX:
e-mail: kugler@us.ibm.com
Tom Hastings
Xerox Corporation
737 Hawaii St. ESAE 231
El Segundo, CA 90245
Phone: 310-333-6413
Fax: 310-333-5514
e-mail: hastings@cp10.es.xerox.com
Harry Lewis
IBM
Boulder CO
Phone: (303) 924-5337
FAX:
e-mail: harryl@us.ibm.com
17 References
[ipp-iig]
Hastings, T., Manros, C., "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: draft-
ietf-ipp-implementers-guide-v11-01.txt, work in progress, May 9,
2000.
[ipp-mod]
R. deBry, T. Hastings, R. Herriot, S. Isaacson, P. Powell,
"Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics", <draft-ietf-
ipp-model-v11-07.txt>, May 22, 2000.
[ipp-ntfy]
Isaacson, S., Martin, J., deBry, R., Hastings, T., Shepherd, M.,
Bergman, R., "Internet Printing Protocol/1.1: IPP Event
Notification Specification", <draft-ietf-ipp-not-spec-04.txt>, July
13, 2000.
[ipp-ops-admin-req]
Hastings, T., "Internet Printing Protocol (IPP): Requirements for
Job, Printer, and Device Administrative Operations", <draft-ietf-
ipp-ops-admin-req-00.txt>, work in progress, July 19, 2000.
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Expires: February 15, 2001
INTERNET-DRAFT IPP: Job and Printer Admin. Operations August 15, 2000
[ipp-pro]
Herriot, R., Butler, S., Moore, P., Tuner, R., "Internet Printing
Protocol/1.1: Encoding and Transport", draft-ietf-ipp-protocol-v11-
06.txt, May 30, 2000.
[RFC2566]
R. deBry, T. Hastings, R. Herriot, S. Isaacson, P. Powell,
"Internet Printing Protocol/1.0: Model and Semantics", RFC 2566,
April 1999.
Change History of this document is available at:
ftp://ftp.pwg.org/pub/pwg/ipp/new_OPS/ipp-ops-set2-change-
history.txt
18 Appendix A: Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (1998,1999). All Rights Reserved
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it or
assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and
distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are included
on all such copies and derivative works. However, this document itself
may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright notice
or references to the Internet Society or other Internet organizations,
except as needed for the purpose of developing Internet standards in
which case the procedures for copyrights defined in the Internet
Standards process must be followed, or as required to translate it into
languages other than English.
The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.
This document and the information contained herein is provided on an "AS
IS" basis and THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK
FORCE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT
INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Kugler, Hastings, Lewis [Page 38]
Expires: February 15, 2001
