IPS Working Group                                         David Peterson
INTERNET-DRAFT                                             Cisco Systems
<draft-ietf-ips-fcip-slp-07.txt>                              March 2003
Expires: September 2003
Category: standards-track


                   Finding FCIP Entities Using SLPv2



Status of this Memo

   This document is an Internet-Draft and is in  full  conformance  with
   all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.

   Internet-Drafts  are  working  documents  of the Internet Engineering
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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2003). All Rights Reserved.

Abstract

   This document defines the use of Service Location Protocol, version 2
   (SLPv2) [RFC2608], by FCIP Entities [FCIP].


1.  Introduction

   This document describes the use of SLPv2 to perform dynamic discovery
   of  participating  FCIP  Entities. Implementation guidelines, service
   type templates, and security considerations are specified.




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2.  Notation Conventions

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL",  "SHALL  NOT",
   "SHOULD",  "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].


3.  Terminology

   Here are some definitions that may aid readers  that  are  unfamiliar
   with  either  SLP,  or  FCIP.   Some  of  these definitions have been
   reproduced from [RFC2608] and [RFC3105].

   User Agent (UA)            A process working on the  client's  behalf
                              to  establish  contact  with some service.
                              The UA retrieves service information  from
                              the Service Agents or Directory Agents.

   Service Agent (SA)         A process working on behalf of one or more
                              services to  advertise  the  services  and
                              their capabilites.

   Directory Agent (DA)       A    process    which   collects   service
                              advertisements.  There can only be one  DA
                              present per given host.

   Scope                      A  named set of services, typically making
                              up a logical administrative group.

   Service Advertisement      A  URL,   attributes,   and   a   lifetime
                              (indicating  how long the advertisement is
                              valid),    providing    service     access
                              information  and  capabilities description
                              for a particular service.

   FCIP Entity                The principle FCIP interface point to  the
                              IP network.

   FCIP Entity Name           The  world  wide name of the switch if the
                              FCIP Entity resides in  a  switch  or  the
                              world  wide  node  name  of the associated
                              Nx_Port.

   FCIP Discovery Domain      The FCIP Discovery Domain specifies  which
                              FCIP Entities are allowed to discover each
                              other within the bounds of the scope.





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4.  Using SLPv2 for FCIP Service Discovery

   At least two FCIP Entities must be involved in the  entity  discovery
   process.   The end result is that an FCIP Entity will discover one or
   more peer FCIP Entities.


4.1.  Discovering FCIP Entities using SLPv2

   The following diagram shows the relationship  between  FCIP  Entities
   and their associated SLPv2 agents.

              +--------------------------------------+
              |           FCIP Entity                |
              +----------------------------------+   |
              | FCIP Control and Services Module |   |
              +----------------+                 |   |
              |   SA  |   UA   |                 |   |
              +----------------+-----------------+   |
              |            TCP/UDP/IP            |   |
              +----------------+-----------------+   |
              |            Interface             |   |
              |           192.0.2.10             |   |
              +----------------+-----------------+---|
                               |
     +------------+            |
     |  SLPv2 DA  |----+  IP Network
     +------------+            |
                               |
              +----------------+-----------------+---|
              |            Interface             |   |
              |           192.0.2.20             |   |
              +----------------+-----------------+   |
              |            TCP/UDP/IP            |   |
              +----------------+-----------------+   |
              |   SA  |  UA    |                 |   |
              +----------------+                 |   |
              | FCIP Control and Services Module |   |
              +--------------------------------- +   |
              |           FCIP Entity                |
              +--------------------------------------+

   Fig. 1 FCIP Entity and SLPv2 Agent Relationship.

   As  indicated in the drawing above, each FCIP Entity contains an FCIP
   Control and Services Module that interfaces to an SLPv2 SA and UA.

   The   SA   constructs   a   service   advertisement   of   the   type



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   "service:fcip:entity"  for  each  of  the  service  URLs it wishes to
   register. The service advertisement contains a lifetime,  along  with
   other attributes defined in the service template.

   The  remainder  of the discovery process is identical to that used by
   any client/server pair implementing SLPv2:

   1. If an SLPv2 DA is found [RFC2608], the  SA  contacts  the  DA  and
   registers the service advertisement. Whether or not one or more SLPv2
   DAs are discovered, the SA maintains the service advertisement itself
   and answers multicast UA queries directly.

   2.  When the FCIP Entity requires contact information for a peer FCIP
   Entity, the UA either contacts the DA using unicast or the  SA  using
   multicast  using  an  SLPv2  service request.  The UA service request
   includes  a  query,  based  on  the  attributes,  to   indicate   the
   characteristics of the peer FCIP Entities it requires.

   3.  Once  the  UA  has  the IP address and port number of a peer FCIP
   Entity, it may begin the normal connection procedure, as described in
   [FCIP], to a peer FCIP Entity.

   The  use  of  a  DA  is  RECOMMENDED  for  SLPv2 operation in an FCIP
   environment.


4.1.1.  FCIP Discovery Domains

   The concept of a discovery domain  provides  further  granularity  of
   control  of allowed discovery between FCIP Entities within a specific
   SLPv2 scope.

   The following example diagram shows  the  relationship  between  FCIP
   Entities  and  their  associated discovery domains within a specified
   SLPv2 scope.
















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   =================fcip=======================================
   =                                                          =
   =  *************************purple***********************  =
   =  *                                                    *  =
   =  *  #####orange######################                 *  =
   =  *  # ------------  //////blue//////+///////////////  *  =
   =  *  # | FCIP     |  /               #              /  *  =
   =  *  # | Entity A |  /               #              /  *  =
   =  *  # ------------  /               # ------------ /  *  =
   =  *  #               /               # | FCIP     | /  *  =
   =  *  #               /               # | Entity C | /  *  =
   =  *  #               /  ------------ # ------------ /  *  =
   =  *  #               /  | FCIP     | #              /  *  =
   =  *  #               /  | Entity B | #              /  *  =
   =  *  #               /  ------------ #              /  *  =
   =  *  ################+################              /  *  =
   =  *                  ////////////////////////////////  *  =
   =  *                                                    *  =
   =  ******************************************************  =
   =                                                          =
   ============================================================

   Fig. 2 FCIP Entity and Discovery Domain Example.

   Within the specified scope "fcip", the administrator  has  defined  a
   discovery  domain  "purple",  allowing  FCIP  Entities A, B, and C to
   discover each other.  This discovery domain is illustrated using  the
   "*" character.

   Within  the  specified  scope "fcip", the administrator has defined a
   discovery domain "orange", allowing FCIP Entity A  to  discover  FCIP
   Entity   B,  but  not  FCIP  Entity  C.   This  discovery  domain  is
   illustrated using the "#" character.

   Within the specified scope "fcip", the administrator  has  defined  a
   discovery  domain  "blue",  allowing  FCIP  Entity C to discover FCIP
   Entity  B,  but  not  FCIP  Entity  A.   This  discovery  domain   is
   illustrated using the "/" character.

   For  this  example,  the value of the fcip-discovery-domain attribute
   for each FCIP Entity is as follows:

   FCIP Entity A = orange,purple

   FCIP Entity B = orange,blue,purple

   FCIP Entity C = blue,purple




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4.2.  NAT and NAPT Considerations

   Since SLPv2 provides IP address and TCP port information  within  its
   payload,  the  addresses an SA or DA advertise may not be the same as
   those  a  UA  must  use  if  a  Network  Address(/Port)   Translation
   (NAT/NAPT)  device  is  present  between the UA and the SA.  This may
   result in the UA discovering address information  that  is  unusable.
   Below are a few recommendations to handle this:


   - A  fully-qualified  domain name (i.e., not an IP address) SHOULD be
     used in service URLs and mgmt-entity attribute.

   - Use the default IANA-assigned FCIP TCP port number in service URLs,
     when possible.

   - If  advertising  service URLs through a translating device (e.g., a
     NAT/NAPT device), and the FQDN, IP address, or  TCP  port  will  be
     translated,  the  translating  device  can  provide  an SLPv2 proxy
     capability to do the translation.


5.  FCIP SLPv2 Templates

   Two templates are provided: an FCIP Entity template, and an  abstract
   template  to  provide  a means to add other FCIP related templates in
   the future.


5.1.  The FCIP Abstract Service Type Template

   This template defines the abstract service "service:fcip". It is used
   as  a  top-level  service  to  encapsulate  all  other  FCIP  related
   services.

   Name of submitter: David Peterson
   Language of service template: en
   Security Considerations:
     See the security considerations of the concrete service type.

   Template Text:
   -------------------------template begins here-----------------------
   template-type=fcip

   template-version=0.1

   template-description=
     This is an abstract service type. The purpose of the fcip service



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     type is to encompass all of the services used to support the FCIP
     protocol.

   template-url-syntax =
     url-path=  ; Depends on the concrete service type.

   --------------------------template ends here------------------------


5.2.  The FCIP Entity Concrete Service Type Template

   This template defines the  service  "service:fcip:entity".  A  device
   containing  FCIP  Entities  that  wishes  to have them discovered via
   SLPv2 would register each of them, with each of their  addresses,  as
   this service type.

   FCIP  Entities wishing to discover other FCIP Entities in this manner
   will generally use one of the following example query strings:

   1. Find a specific FCIP Entity, given its FCIP Entity Name:

      Service:    service:fcip:entity
      Scope:      fcip-entity-scope-list
      Query:      (fcip-entity-name=\ff\10\00\00\60\69\20\34\0C)

   2. Find all of the FCIP Entities within a  specified  FCIP  Discovery
   Domain:

      Service:    service:fcip:entity
      Scope:      fcip-entity-scope-list
      Query:      (fcip-discovery-domain=fcip-discovery-domain-name)

   3.  In  addition,  a  management application may wish to discover all
   FCIP Entities:

      Service:    service:fcip:entity
      Scope:      management-service-scope-list
      Query:      none


   Name of submitter: David Peterson
   Language of service template: en
   Security Considerations:
     See later section.

   Template Text:
   -------------------------template begins here-----------------------
   template-type=fcip:entity



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   template-version=0.1

   template-description=
     This is a concrete service type. The fcip:entity service type is
     used to register individual FCIP Entity addresses to be discovered
     by others. UAs will generally search for these by including one of
     the following:
     - the FCIP Entity Name for which an address is needed
     - the FCIP Discovery Domain Name for which addresses are requested
     - the service URL

   template-url-syntax =
     url-path = hostport
     hostport = host [ ":" port ]
     host = hostname / hostnumber
     hostname = *( domainlabel "." ) toplabel
     alphanum = ALPHA / DIGIT
     domainlabel = alphanum / alphanum * [alphanum / "-"] alphanum
     toplabel = ALPHA / ALPHA * [ alphanum / "-" ] alphanum
     hostnumber = ipv4-number
     ipv4-number = 1*3DIGIT 3("." 1*3DIGIT)
     port = 1*DIGIT

     ;
     ; A DNS host name should be used along with the well-known
     ; IANA FCIP port number for operation with NAT/NAPT devices.
     ;
     ; Examples:
     ; service:fcip:entity://host.example.com
     ; service:fcip:entity://192.0.2.0:4000
     ;

   fcip-entity-name = opaque L
   # If the FCIP Entity is a VE_Port/B_Access implementation [FC-BB-2]
   # residing in a switch, the fcip-entity-name is the Fibre Channel
   # Switch Name [FC-SW-2]. Otherwise, the fcip-entity-name is the
   # Fibre Channel Node Name [FC-FS] of the port (e.g., an Nx_Port)
   # associated with the FCIP Entity.
   # An entity representing multiple endpoints must register each of
   # the endpoints using SLPv2.

   transports = string M L
   tcp
   # This is a list of transport protocols that the registered entity
   # supports. FCIP is currently supported over TCP only.
   tcp

   mgmt-entity = string M O L



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   # The URL's of the management interface(s) appropriate for SNMP,
   # web-based, or telnet management of the FCIP Entity.
   # Examples:
   #  snmp://192.0.2.0
   #  http://fcipentity.example.com:1080/
   #  telnet://fcipentity.example.com

   fcip-discovery-domain = string M L
   fcip
   # The fcip-discovery-domain string contains the name(s) of the FCIP
   # discovery domain(s) to which this FCIP Entity belongs.


   --------------------------template ends here------------------------


6.  Security Considerations

   The SLPv2 security model does not provide confidentiality,  but  does
   provide  an  authentication  mechanism for UAs to assure that service
   advertisements only come from trusted SAs [RFC2608].

   Once an FCIP Entity is discovered, authentication  and  authorization
   are  handled  by  the  FCIP protocol. It is the responsibility of the
   providers  of  these  services  to  ensure  that  an  inappropriately
   advertised or discovered service, does not comprimise their security.


6.1.  Security Implementation

   For all implementations, IPsec SHOULD be implemented.  When  security
   policy  information distribution using SLPv2 is supported, IPsec MUST
   be implemented.

   To provide confidentiality, IPsec with ESP and a  non-null  transform
   SHOULD  be implemented. When security policy information distribution
   via SLPv2 is used, IPsec with ESP and a non-null  transform  MUST  be
   used.

   SLPv2  authentication  is  OPTIONAL  to  implement and use, and SLPv2
   authentication SHOULD be implemented when IPsec is not supported.

   The use of IPsec and IKE for SLPv2 in an IP  storage  environment  is
   described in [IPS-SEC].







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7.  IANA Considerations

   After   RFC  publication,  an  SLP  designated  expert  will  oversee
   registration of the template(s) in the IANA repository.


8.  Internationalization Considerations

   SLP allows internationalized strings to be registered and  retrieved.
   Attributes  in the template that are not marked with an 'L' (literal)
   will  be  registered  in  a  localized  manner.  An  "en"   (English)
   localization MUST be registered, and others MAY be registered.

9.  Summary

   This  document  describes  how  SLPv2 can be used by FCIP Entities to
   find other FCIP Entities. Service type templates  for  FCIP  Entities
   are presented.


10.  Acknowledgements

   This  draft  was  produced by the FCIP discovery team, including Todd
   Sperry (Adaptec), Larry Lamars (SanValley), Robert Snively (Brocade),
   Ravi  Natarajan  (Lightsand),  Anil Rijhsinghani (McData), and Venkat
   Rangan (Rhapsody Networks). Thanks also to  Mark  Bakke  (Cisco)  for
   initial  help  and  consultation,  and David Black, Erik Guttman, and
   James Kempf for assistance during expert review.

11.  Normative References

The  references  in  this  section  were  current  at  the   time   this
specification  was  approved.  This specification is intended to operate
with newer versions of  the  referenced  documents.  Looking  for  newer
references is recommended.

[RFC2608]   E.  Guttman,  C.  Perkins,  J.  Veizades,  M.  Day. "Service
            Location Protocol, version 2",  RFC 2608, July 1999.

[RFC2119]   S.  Bradner.  "Key  Words  for  Use  in  RFCs  to   Indicate
            Requirement Levels",  RFC 2119, March 1997.

[FCIP]      Rajagopal,      et.      al.     "FCIP",     draft-ietf-ips-
            fcovertcpip-12.txt, February 2003.

[FC-SW-2]   Fibre Channel  Switch  Fabric  -  2,  ANSI  INCITS.355:2001,
            December 12, 2001.




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[FC-BB-2]   Fibre  Channel  Backbone  -  2, T11 Project 1238-D, Rev 6.0,
            February 4, 2003.

[FC-FS]     Fibre Channel Framing and Signaling, T11 Project 1331-D, Rev
            1.70, February 8, 2002.

[IPS-SEC]   B.  Aboba,  et.  al.  "Securing Block Storage Protocols over
            IP", draft-ietf-ips-security-19.txt, January 14, 2003.


12.  Informative References

The references in this section may further assist the reader.

[RFC2609]   E. Guttman, C. Perkins, J.  Kempf.  "Service  Templates  and
            service: Schemes",  RFC 2609, July 1999.

[RFC2614]   J.  Kempf,  E.  Guttman.  "An API for Service Location", RFC
            2614, June 1999.

[2614BIS]   J. Kempf, E. Guttman. "An API for Service Location",  draft-
            kempf-srvloc-rfc2614bis-00.txt, February 2001.

[RFC3082]   J.  Kempf, J Goldschmidt. "Notification and Subscription for
            SLP", RFC 3082, March 2001.

[RFC3105]   Kempf, J., Montenegro, G. "Finding an RSIP Server with SLP",
            RFC 3105, October 2001.

[FCIP-MIB]  Rijhsinghani,   et.  al.  "FCIP  MIB",  draft-ietf-ips-fcip-
            mib-02.txt, April 2002.

Author's  Address:

       David Peterson
       Cisco Systems, Inc.
       6450 Wedgwood Road
       Maple Grove, MN
       USA 55311

       Voice:  +1 763-398-1007
       E-Mail: dap@cisco.com

Full Copyright Statement

   Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2001).  All Rights Reserved.

   This document and translations of it may be copied and  furnished  to



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   others,  and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
   or assist in its implementation may be  prepared,  copied,  published
   and  distributed,  in  whole  or  in part, without restriction of any
   kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
   included  on  all  such  copies  and derivative works.  However, this
   document itself may not be modified in any way, such as  by  removing
   the  copyright  notice or references to the Internet Society or other
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   The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will  not  be
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   This  document and the information contained herein is provided on an
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   TASK  FORCE  DISCLAIMS  ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
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Acknowledgement

   Funding for the RFC Editor function  is  currently  provided  by  the
   Internet Society.
























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