IPSECME                                                          S. Shen
Internet-Draft                                                    Huawei
Updates: RFC4307                                                  Y. Mao
(if approved)                                                        H3C
Intended status: Standards Track                             NSS. Murthy
Expires: September 3, 2010                       Freescale Semiconductor
                                                           March 2, 2010


    Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Counter Mode with IKEv2
                  draft-ietf-ipsecme-aes-ctr-ikev2-05

Abstract

   This document describes the usage of Advanced Encryption Standard
   Counter Mode (AES-CTR), with an explicit initialization vector, by
   IKEv2 for encrypting the IKEv2 exchanges that follow the IKE_SA_INIT
   exchange.

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
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   This Internet-Draft will expire on September 3, 2010.

Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2010 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal



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   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the BSD License.


Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     1.1.  Conventions Used In This Document  . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   2.  IKEv2 Encrypted Payload  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  IKEv2 Conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
   4.  Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
   5.  IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
   6.  Acknowledgments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
   7.  References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     7.1.  Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     7.2.  Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10




























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1.  Introduction

   IKEv2 [RFC4306] is a component of IPsec used for performing mutual
   authentication and establishing and maintaining security associations
   (SAs).  [RFC4307] defines the set of algorithms that are mandatory to
   implement as part of IKEv2, as well as algorithms that should be
   implemented because they may be promoted to mandatory at some future
   time.  [RFC4307] requires that an implementation "SHOULD" support
   Advanced Encryption Standard [AES] in Counter Mode [MODES] (AES-CTR)
   as a Transform Type 1 Algorithm (encryption).

   Although the [RFC4307] specifies that the AES-CTR encryption
   algorithm feature SHOULD be supported by IKEv2, no existing document
   specifies how IKEv2 can support the feature.  This document provides
   the specification and usage of AES-CTR counter mode by IKEv2.

1.1.  Conventions Used In This Document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].






























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2.  IKEv2 Encrypted Payload

   Section 3.14 of IKEv2 [RFC4306] explains the IKEv2 Encrypted Payload.
   The encrypted Payload, denoted SK{...} contains other IKEv2 payloads
   in encrypted form.

   The payload includes an Initialization Vector (IV) whose length is
   defined by the encryption algorithm negotiated.  It also includes
   Integrity Checksum data.  These two fields are not encrypted.

   The IV field MUST be 8 octets when the AES-CTR algorithm is used for
   IKEv2 encryption.  Requirements for this IV are same as what is
   specified in Section 3.1 of [RFC3686].

   IKEv2 requires Integrity Check Data for the Encrypted Payload as
   described in section 3.14 of [RFC4306].  The choice of integrity
   algorithms in IKEv2 is defined in [RFC4307] or its future update
   documents.

   When AES-CTR is used in IKEv2, no padding is required.  The Padding
   field of the Encrypted Payload SHOULD be empty and the Pad Length
   field SHOULD be zero.  However, according to [RFC4306], the recipient
   MUST accept any length that results in proper alignment.  It should
   be noticed that the ESP [RFC4303] Encrypted Payload requires
   alignment on a 4-byte boundary while the IKEv2 [RFC4306] Encrypted
   Payload does not have such a requirement.

   The Encrypted Payload is the XOR of the plaintext and key stream.
   The key stream is generated by inputting Counter Blocks into the AES
   algorithm.  The AES counter block cipher block is 128 bits.  The
   counter block is constructed same as what is specified in Section 4
   of [RFC3686].



















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3.  IKEv2 Conventions

   The use of AES-CTR for the IKE SA is negotiated the same way as AES-
   CTR for ESP.  The Transform ID (ENCR_AES_CTR) is the same; the key
   length transform attribute is used in the same way; and the keying
   material (consisting of the actual key and the nonce) is derived the
   same way.  Check Section 5 of [RFC3686] for the detail descriptions.












































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4.  Security Considerations

   Security considerations explained in section 7 of [RFC3686] are
   entirely relevant for this draft also.  The security considerations
   on fresh keys and integrity protection in section 7 of [RFC3686] are
   totally applicable on using AES-CTR in IKEv2; see [RFC3686] for
   details.  Due to this reasons, static keys are never used for the IKE
   SA and the IKE_SA always uses integrity protection.

   Additionally, since AES has a 128-bit block size, regardless of the
   mode employed, the ciphertext generated by AES encryption becomes
   distinguishable from random values after 2^64 blocks are encrypted
   with a single key.  Since IKEv2 is not likely to carry traffic in
   such a high quantity compared with ESP, this won't be a big concern
   here.  However, when a large amount of traffic appears in the future
   or under abnormal circumstances, implementations SHOULD generate a
   fresh key before 2^64 blocks are encrypted with the same key.

   For generic attacks on AES, such as brute force or precalculations,
   the requirement of key size provides reasonable security
   [Recommendations].






























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5.  IANA Considerations

   IANA [IANA-Para] has assigned Encryption Transform ID for for AES-CTR
   encryption with an explicit IV for IKEv2: 13 as the number and
   ENCR_AES_CTR as the name.  IANA is asked to add a reference to this
   RFC in that entry.













































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6.  Acknowledgments

   The authors thank Yaron Sheffer, Paul Hoffman, Tero Kivinen and
   Alfred Hoenes for their direction and comments on this document.

   This document specifies usage of AES-CTR with IKEv2, similarly as
   usage of AES-CTR with ESP as specified in [RFC3686].  [RFC3686] is
   referred for the same descriptions and definitions.  The authors
   thank Russ Housley for providing the document.

   During the production and modification of this document, both Huawei
   and CNNIC supported one of the author, Sean Shen.  Both are
   appreciated as affiliations of the author.






































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7.  References

7.1.  Normative References

   [RFC4306]  Kaufman, C., "Internet Key Exchange (IKEv2) Protocol",
              RFC 4306, December 2005.

   [RFC4307]  Schiller, J., "Cryptographic Algorithms for Use in the
              Internet Key Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2)", RFC 4307,
              December 2005.

   [AES]      National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Advanced
              Encryption Standard (AES)", FIPS PUB 197, November 2001, <
              http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/
              fips-197.pdf>.

   [IANA-Para]
              Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, "Internet Key
              Exchange Version 2 (IKEv2) Parameters", September 2009,
              <http://www.iana.org/assignments/ikev2-parameters>.

   [MODES]    Dworkin, M., "Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of
              Operation Methods and Techniques", NIST Special
              Publication 800-38A, December 2001, <http://csrc.nist.gov/
              publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf>.

7.2.  Informative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2404]  Madson, C. and R. Glenn, "The Use of HMAC-SHA-1-96 within
              ESP and AH", RFC 2404, November 1998.

   [RFC3686]  Housley, R., "Using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
              Counter Mode With IPsec Encapsulating Security Payload
              (ESP)", RFC 3686, January 2004.

   [RFC4303]  Kent, S., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)",
              RFC 4303, December 2005.

   [Recommendations]
              Barker, E., Barker, W., Burr, W., Polk, W., and M. Smid,
              "Recommendation for Key Management - Part1 - General
              (Revised)", NIST Special Publication 800-57, March 2007, <
              http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-57/
              SP800-57-Part1.pdf>.




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Authors' Addresses

   Sean Shen
   Huawei
   4, South 4th Street, Zhongguancun
   Beijing  100190
   China

   Email: sean.s.shen@gmail.com


   Yu Mao
   H3C Tech. Co., Ltd
   Oriental Electronic Bld.
   No.2 Chuangye Road
   Shang-Di Information Industry
   Hai-Dian District
   Beijing  100085
   China

   Email: yumao9@gmail.com


   N S Srinivasa Murthy
   Freescale Semiconductor
   UMA PLAZA, NAGARJUNA CIRCLE, PUNJAGUTTA
   HYDERABAD  500082
   INDIA

   Email: ssmurthy.nittala@freescale.com





















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