LISP Working Group                                             S. Barkai
Internet-Draft                                         B. Fernandez-Ruiz
Intended status: Informational                                  R. Tamir
Expires: July 30, 2022                                        Nexar Inc.
                                                      A. Rodriguez-Natal
                                                                F. Maino
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                    A. Cabellos-Aparicio
                                                   J. Paillisse Vilanova
                                       Technical University of Catalonia
                                                            D. Farinacci
                                                             lispers.net
                                                            June 6, 2022



 Network-Hexagons: Dataflow Virtualization for Mobility Geolocation
                      draft-ietf-lisp-nexagon-24


Abstract

   Geolocation-Services aggregate raw data uploads from vehicles using
   edge compute locations and process these uploads generating verified,
   localized, geospatial detection-channels - used by mobility clients
   to support crowed-sourced dynamic mapping and driving applications.
   Geolocation Services are broken to shards (areas) and dynamically
   mapped to compute locations based on road activity. This dynamics
   combined with clients IP Anchors dynamics creates coherency, context-
   switching, geo-privacy, and service continuity key issues.
   These issues are resolved by dataflow virtualization, communication
   indirection, between mobility clients and Geolocation Services.
   LISP overlay network-virtualization, offers a fully distributed
   dataflow virtualization solution at the edge networking level.
   LISP as a Geolocation mobility-network is described in this document.

Status of This Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
   provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.

   Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
   Task Force (IETF).  Note that other groups may also distribute
   working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
   Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.

   Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
   and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
   time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
   material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
   This Internet-Draft will expire on July 30, 2022.

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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2022 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents
   (https://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of
   publication of this document.  Please review these documents
   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect
   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must
   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of
   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as
   described in the Simplified BSD License.

Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   2
   2.  Definition of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
   3.  Deployment Assumptions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   7
   4.  Mobility Clients Network Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10
   5.  Mobility Unicast and Multicast  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
   6.  Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
   7.  Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
   8.  IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  19
   9.  Normative References  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
   Authors' Addresses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31

1.  Introduction

  Geolocation-Services aggregate raw data uploads from vehicles using
  edge compute locations and process these uploads generating verified,
  localized, geospatial detection-channels - used by mobility clients
  to support crowed-sourced dynamic mapping and driving applications.
  Geolocation Services are broken to shards (areas) and dynamically
  mapped to compute locations based on road activity. This dynamics
  combined with clients IP Anchors dynamics creates coherency, context-
  switching, geo-privacy, and service continuity key issues.
  These issues are resolved by dataflow virtualization, communication
  indirection, between mobility clients and Geolocation Services.
  LISP overlay network-virtualization, offers a fully distributed
  dataflow virtualization solution for the edge at the networking level.


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  Geolocation services shard transformation of inaccurate, duplicated
  data captured and uploaded by multiple vehicles points of view, into
  consolidated information channels, can be schematically described by
  the following key components:

  - Addressable queues for uploads from mobility clients in vehicles
  - Addressable detection channels subscribed to by mobility clients
  - State & functions transforming upload data to detection channels

  This service allocation dynamics combined with dynamics of mobility
  clients in selecting mobile-provider and switching IP Anchors, creates
  key-issues:

  - Coherency of Geolocation shards IP addresses cached in clients
  - Context-switching between Geolocation Service shards while driving
  - Geo-privacy of clients while interacting with Geolocation shards
  - Subscription continuity when switching providers while driving

  These issues are resolved by dataflow virtualization, communication
  indirection, between mobility clients and Geolocation Services.
  Such communication when based on logical addresses of entities and
  addressable geospatial topics solves these issues.

  Virtual and logical addressing allows for dynamic and portable shard
  allocation, algorithmic context-switching between shards while driving
  and channel subscription continuity while preserving the geo-privacy
  of mobility clients.

  LISP network-virtualization can offer such a solution through
  specific use of Endpoint Identifiers (EID):

  - EID addressing of upload queues per geospatial grid identifiers
  - EID addressing of detection channels per geospatial topics
  - EID addressing of mobility clients renewed periodically

  These EIDs are tracked by the LISP mobility-network offering dynamic
  portability of queues and channels. Functions are assumed to be
  available in any compute location and geospatial current-state used
  for consolidation quickly regenerates.

  EIDs of mobility clients are mapped across the LISP mobility-network
  enabling service continuity when mobile carriers are switched by the
  vehicle systems. These EIDs are ephemeral and make it difficult
  for just any mobility service provider to track mobility clients
  movement during the day. The use of LISP as the mobility-network for
  dataflow virtualization between mobility client to Geolocation
  Services is described bellow.

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  Note 1: The breakdown of Geolocations Services to area-shards is done
  based on geospatial grid lines known to both mobility clients and
  Geolocation Services. We use H3 hierarchical hexagonal grid because of
  its clear shard adjacency properties (https://h3geo.org/). Each grid-
  tile in each resolution has a unique 64bit identifier (HID). In
  addition to shards and HID to EID mapping, the same grid is used to
  localize road detections. We refer to h3.rB as the lower resolution
  shard tile, and h3.rS as the detection higher resolution tile.
  The mappings: GPS to h3.rS to H3.rB to EID are therefore algorithmic.
  Sizeof (h3.rB) / Sizeof (h3.rS) x density-factor / MTU (1500 Bytes) =
  number of message needed for a shard to convey a state snapshot.

  Note 2: LISP solution for dataflow virtualization is an application
  network. In order for clients and services to use it there needs to be
  a formal provisioning step. For the clients this step will require AAA
  procedure by which clients are assigned and renew EIDs and XTRs to be
  used to communicate with services. This process may be done in various
  vendor specific methods, in this document we use a DIAMETER [RFC6733]
  based AAA service, this is meant as a life-cycle example only.

  Note 3: In order to make the notion of geospatial detection concrete,
  we add to the 64bit HID of "where" is a detection, 64bit of "what" is
  the detection. These 64bits are detailed in a bit-mask of possible
  detections based on a taxonomy defined by Berkeley Deep Drive (BDD)
  consortium (https://bdd-data.berkeley.edu). It is meant as a baseline
  that can be extended in additional specifications, yet proven minimal
  sufficient in current implementations.
                                             _____
                                            /     \
  Off-Peak Allocation        Addressable >> States >> Addressable
   _  _    _  _             Upload Queues   \_____/     Channels
  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----             /\      f1()..fn()       \/
  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----
  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----         Peak Geolocation Allocation
  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----       _  _    _  _    _  _    _  _
  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----      / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----
  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----      \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----
  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----      / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  / \/ \  ----
  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----      \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  \_/\_/  ----
   ^  ^    ^  ^   ^  ^       ^ ^     ^  ^    ^  ^    ^  ^   ^  ^
   Site   Site  Standby     Site    Site    Site    Site  Standby

  Figure 1: Geolocation Service Schematics and Dynamic Allocation

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2. Definition of Terms

  Based on [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis][I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]

  H3ServiceEID: Is an EID addressable Geolocation Service shard.
     It is a designated destination for geospatial detections,
     and an (s,g) source of multicast of themed detection channels.
     It has a light-weight LISP protocol stack to tunnel packets
     aka ServerXTR. The EID is IPv6 that and contains the HID.

  ServerXTR: Is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack implementation, it
     is co-located with H3ServiceEID process. ServerXTR encapsulates and
     decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.

  MobilityClient: Is an application that may be a part of a vehicle
     system, part of a navigation application, gov-muni application etc.
     It has a light-weight LISP data-plane stack to packets - ClientXTR.

  MobilityClientEID: Is the IPv6 EID used by the Mobility Clients.
     The destination of such packets are H3ServiceEIDs. The EID format
     is assigned as part of the MobilityClient mobility-network AAA.

  ClientXTR: Is a data-plane only LISP protocol stack implementation
     co-located with the Mobility Client application. It encapsulates
     and decapsulates packets to and from EdgeRTRs.

  EdgeRTR: Is the core scale and structure of the LISP mobility-network.
     EdgeRTRs connect H3ServiceEIDs and MobilityClient H3ServiceEID.
     EdgeRTRs also manage  MobilityClients multicast registrations.
     EdgeRTRs aggregate MobilityClients/H3Services using tunnels to
     facilitate hosting-providers and mobile-providers for accessing the
     mobility-network. EdgeRTRs decapsulate packets from ClientXTRs,
     ServerXTRs and re-encapsulates packets to clients and servers
     tunnels. EdgeRTRs glean H3ServiceEIDs and MobilityClient
     EIDs when they decapsulates packets. EdgeRTRs store H3ServiceEIDs
     and route locations (RLOC) of where the H3ServiceEID is currently
     using the map-cache. Mappings are registered to the LISP mapping
     system.These mappings may be provisioned when H3Services are
     assigned EdgeRTRs. EdgeRTRs do not register MobilityClients' EIDs.
     Enterprises may provide their own EdgeRTRs to protect geo-privacy.

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                          ___                                  ___
   H3ServiceEIDs   ___  /     \           H3ServiceEIDs ___  /     \
            ___  /     | h3.rB |                 ___  /     | h3.rB |
          /     | h3.rB \ ___ /                /     | h3.rB \ ___ /
         | h3.rB \ ___ /  sXTR                | h3.rB \ ___ /  sXTR
          \ ___ /  sXTR    |                   \ ___ /  sXTR     |
            sXTR    |      |                     sXTR     |      |
             |      |      |                      |       |      |
             |      |      |                      |       |      |
             + -  - + - - EdgeRTR           EdgeRTR - + - + - -  +
                             ||  (   (   ((  ||
                          (                        )
                        (      Network Hexagons      )
                      (            H3-LISP              )
                        (      mobility-network       )
                          ((                        )
                            ||  ((   (())   ()  ||
                            ||                  ||
                = = = = = = =                     = = = = = = =
               ||                                             ||
            EdgeRTR                                         EdgeRTR
           ..    ..                                      ..      ..
          ..       ..                                  ..          ..
  ((((|))))    ((((|))))                         ((((|))))    ((((|))))
     /|\    RAN   /|\                               /|\    RAN   /|\
      ..                                                          ..
      ..                                                          ..
      ..          Road tiled by 1 sqm h3.rS ID-Ed Geo-States     ..
      ..                                                          ..
      ..                  ___    ___    ___                       ..
      ..  ............. /     \/     \/     \ << cXTR::MobilityClientB
      .. - - - - - - - - h3.rS  h3.rS  h3.rS - - - - - - - - - - - -
      MobilityClientA::cXTR >> \ ___ /\ ___ / .......................

          Figure 2: Mapping h3.rS to h3.rB to LISP routed EID

Figure 2 above describes the following entities:
  - MobilityClientA detections used by MobilityClientB, and, vice versa
  - Clients: share information via Geolocation Services routed by LISP
  - ClientXTR (cXTR): tunnels packets over access networks to EdgeRTR
  - ServerXTR (sXTR): tunnels packets over cloud networks to EdgeRTR
  - H3-LISP Mobility Network: overlay which spans cXTRs to sXTRs
  - Uploads: routed to appropriate Geolocation Service by LISP
  - EdgeRTRs: perform multicast replication to EdgeRTRs and to cXTRs
  - Clients: receive geospatial detection updates via multicast channels


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3.  Deployment Assumptions

   The specification described in this document makes the following
   deployment assumptions:

   (1) Unique 64bit HID is associated with each H3 geo-spatial tile
   (2) MobilityClients and H3ServiceEIDs share grid based indexing
   (3) 64bit BDD state value is associated with each H3-indexed tile
   (4) Tile state is compiled 16 fields of 4-bits, or max 16 enums

  0       1       2       3       4       5       6       7
  +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
  |-0-|-1-|-2-|-3-|-4-|-5-|-6-|-7-|-8-|-9-|-A-|-B-|-C-|-D-|-E-|-F-|
  |0123012301230123012301230123012301230123012301230123012301230123
  +---------------------------------------------------------------+

  Figure 3: Nibble based representation, 16 fields x 16 enumerations

   We name the nibbles using hexadecimal index according to the
   position where the most significant nibble has index 0.
   Values are defined in section 8.


   Subscription of MobilityClients to mobility-network is renewed
   while driving. It is not intended as the basic connectivity.
   MobilityClients use DNS/AAA to obtain temporary EIDs/EdgeRTRs
   and use (LISP) data-plane tunnels to communicate using their
   temporary EIDs with the dynamically assigned EdgeRTRs. MobilityClient
   are otherwise unaware of the LISP network control plane and regard
   the data-plane tunnels as mobility network.


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   In order to get access to the mobility-network, MobilityClients first
   authenticate with the Mobility AAA. DIAMETER [RFC6733] based AAA can
   be used as a solution for the many types of mobility clients: vehicle
   systems, driving applications, city and consumer applications.

   ClientXTRs perform the following steps to use the mobility-network:
   1) obtain the address of the mobility-network AAA server using DNS
   2) obtain MobilityClientEIDs and EdgeRTRs from AAA DIAMETER server
   3) renew authorization from AAA while using the mobility-network

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     MobilityClient DomainNameServer  DIAMETER-AAA  MobilityEdgeRTR
     |                    |                   |                   |
     | nslookup nexagon   |                   |                   |
     |------------------->|                   |                   |
     |<-------------------|                   |                   |
     |  Mobility AAA IP   |                   |                   |
     |                    |                   |                   |
     |  AAR(AVP:IMSI/User/Password/Toyota)    |                   |
     |--------------------------------------->|                   |
     |                    |                   | ACR(AVP ClientEID)|
     |                    |                   |------------------>|
     |                    |                   |<------------------|
     |                    |                   | ACA(AVP ClientEID)|
     |    AAA (Client::EID,EdgeRTR::RLOC)     |                   |
     |<---------------------------------------|                   |
     |                    |                   |                   |
     .                                                            .
     . Upload to IPv6 H3ServiceEID, Subscribe MLDv2 H3ServiceEID  .
     .                                                            .
     |                                                            |
     |----------------------------------------------------------->|
     .                                                            .
     .                                                            .
     |<-----------------------------------------------------------|
     |                                                            |
     .                                                            .
     .   Signal freeing multicast Updates from H3ServiceEID       .
     .                                                            .
     |                    |                   |                   |
     |               AAR(Interim)             |                   |
     |--------------------------------------->|   ACR (Interim)   |
     |                    |                   |------------------>|
     |                    |                   |<------------------|
     |                    |                   |   ACA (Interim)   |
     |<---------------------------------------|                   |
     |               AAA (Interim)            |                   |

  Figure 4: DNS and AAA Exchange for lisp mobility-network login

   Using such an AAA procedure we can ensure that:
   - MobilityClientEIDs serve as credentials with the EdgeRTRs
   - EdgeRTRs are provisioned to whitelist MobilityClientEIDs
   - EdgeRTRs are not tightly coupled to h3.rB areas (privacy/balance)
   - MobilityClients do not need to update EdgeRTRs while driving

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4. Mobility Clients Network Services

  The mobility-network functions as a standard LISP overlay.
  The overlay delivers unicast and multicast packets across:
   - multiple access-networks and radio-access specifications
   - multiple cloud edge providers, public, private, and hybrid

  We use data-plane XTRs in the stack of each mobility client/server.
  ClientXTRs and ServerXTRs are homed to EdgeRTRs.
  This structure allows for MobilityClients to "show up" at any location
  behind any network provider in a given mobility-network admin/NAT
  domain, and for any H3ServiceEID to be instantiated, moved, or
  failed-over to any cluster in any cloud-provider. LISP overlay enables
  these roaming mobility-network elements to communicate uninterrupted.
  This quality is insured by the LISP RFCs. The determination of
  identities for MobilityClients to always refer to the correct
  H3ServiceEID is insured by H3 geo-spatial HIDs.

  In this specification we assume semi-random association between
  ClientXTRs and EdgeRTRs applied by the AAA procedure. We assume that
  in a given metro edge a pool of EdgeRTRs can distribute the Mobility
  Clients load randomly between them and that EdgeRTRs are topologically
  equivalent. Each RTR uses LISP to tunnel traffic to and from other
  EdgeRTRs forMobilityClient and H3Service exchanges.


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  To summarize the H3-LISP mobility-network layout:

   (1) Mobility-Clients traffic is tunneled via data-plane ClientXTRs
       ClientXTRs are homed to EdgeRTR
   (2) H3ServiceEID traffic is tunneled via data-plane ServerXTR
       ServerXTRs are homed to EdgeRTR
   (3) EdgeRTRs use mapping service to resolve unicast EIDs to RTR RLOCs
       EdgeRTRs also register to (Source, Group) H3ServiceEID multicasts

       MobilityClients <> ClientXTR <Access Provider > EdgeRTR  v
                                                                v
       v < < < <      LISP Mobility-Network Overlay  < < < <    v
       v
       > > > > EdgeRTR <Cloud Provider> ServerXTR <> H3ServiceEID

  Figure 5: The Data Flow Between MobilityClients and H3ServiceEIDs

5. Mobility Unicast and Multicast

  Regardless of the way a given ClientXTR was associated with EdgeRTR,
  an authenticated MobilityClientEID can send: [64bitH3.15ID ::
  64bitState] detection to the h3.rB H3ServiceEID. The h3.rB EID can
  be calculated by clients algorithmically from the H3.15 localization.

  The ClientXTR encapsulates MobilityClientEID and H3ServiceEID from
  the ClientXTR with the destination of the EdgeRTR RLOC LISP port.
  EdgeRTRs then re-encapsulate annotation packets to remote EdgeRTR.
  The remote EdgeRTR aggregating H3ServiceEIDs re-encapsulates
  MobilityClientEID to the ServerXTR of the H3ServiceEID.

  The headers consist of the following fields:

  Outer headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 8 (LISP) = 56
  Inner headers size = 40 (IPv6) + 8 (UDP) + 4 (Nexagon Header) = 52
  1500 (MTU) - 56 - 52 = 1392 bytes of effective payload size

  Nexagon Header Type allows for kv tupples or vkkk flooding using the
  same key and the same formats of key and value
  Type 0:reserved
  Type 1:key-value, key-value.. 1392 / (8 + 8) = 87 pairs
  Type 2:value, key,key,key.. (1392 - 8) / 8 = 173 h3.rS IDs
  Type 3-255: unassigned
  Nexagon Header GZIP field: 0x000 no compression, or GZIP version.
  The compression refers to entire kv or vkkk payload.
  Nexagon Header Reserved bits
  Nexagon Header key and value count (in any format)

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class |           Flow Label                  |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|         Payload Length        |  Next Header  |   Hop Limit   |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                    Source MobilityClientEID                   +  |
|                                                               | IPv6
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                       Dest H3ServiceEID                       +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|       Source Port = xxxx      |       Dest Port = xxxx        | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
|           UDP Length          |        UDP Checksum           | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type         |gzip |        Reserved         | Pair Count = X| Nexgon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 6: Uploaded detections packet format

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  To Summarize Unicast Uploads:

   (1) MobilityClients can send detections localized to h3.rS tile.
          These detections are sent to h3.rB mobility H3ServiceEIDs
   (2) MobilityClientEID and H3ServiceEID HID are encapsulated:
          XTR <> RTR <> RTR <> XTR
   (3) RTRs re-encapsulate original source-dest to ServerXTRs
          ServerXTRs decapsulate packets to H3ServiceEID


  Each H3Service is also an IP Multicast Source used to update
  subscribers on the aggregate state of the h3.rS tiles in the h3.rB
  area. We use [RFC8378] signal-free multicast to implement channels
  in the overlay. The mobility-network has many channels, with thousands
  subscribers per channel. MobilityClients driving through/subscribing
  to an h3.rB area can explicitly issue an [RFC4604] MLDv2 in order to
  subscribe, or, may be subscribed implicitly by the EdgeRTR.

  The advantage of explicit client MLDv2 registration as [RFC8378]
  trigger is that clients manage their own mobility multicast per
  driving-direction vectors, and that it allows for otherwise silent
  non uploading clients. The advantage of EdgeRTR implicit registration
  is that less signaling required.

  MLDv2 signaling messages are encapsulated between the ClientXTR and
  EdgeRTR, therefore there is no requirement for the underlying network
  to support native multicast. If native access multicast is supported
  then MobilityClient registration to H3ServiceEID safety channels may
  be integrated with it, in which case mobile packet-core element
  supporting it will use this standard to register with the
  appropriate Geolocation Service channels in its area.




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  Multicast update packets are of the following structure:

 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|Version| Traffic Class |           Flow Label                  |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|         Payload Length        |  Next Header  |   Hop Limit   |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                       Source h3.rB EID Address                +  |
|                                                               | IPv6
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                          Group Address                        +  |
|                                                               |  |
+                                                               +  |
|                                                               | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|       Source Port = xxxx      |       Dest Port = xxxx        | \
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ UDP
|           UDP Length          |        UDP Checksum           | /
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|                                                               |Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
~                            Nexagons Payload                   ~
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 7: multicast update packet header

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type =   1   |gzip |        Reserved         | Pair Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 8: multicast update payload, key-value, key-value..

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 0                   1                   2                   3
 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ \
|  Type =   2   |gzip |     Reserved            |H3R15 Count = X|Nexagon
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ /
|                                                               |
+                       64bit State                            +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
|                                                               |
+                       64bit h3.rS ID                        +
|                                                               |
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

  Figure 9: multicast update payload, value, key, key.. for larger areas


  The remote EdgeRTRs homing MobilityClients in turn replicate the
  packet to the MobilityClients registered with them.

  We expect an average of 600 h3.rS tiles of the full 7^6 (~100K)
  possible in h3.rB to be part of any road. The h3.rB server can
  transmit the status of all 600 or just those with meaningful states
  based on updated SLA and policy.


  To Summarize:

   (1) EIDClients tune to h3.rB mobility updates using [RFC8378]
       EIDClient issue MLDv2 registration to h3.rB HIDs
       ClientXTRs encapsulate MLDv2 to EdgeRTRs who register (s,g).


   (2) ServerXTRs encapsulate updates to EdgeRTRs who map-resolve (s,g)
       RLOCs EdgeRTRs replicate mobility update and tunnel to registered
       EdgeRTRs Remote EdgeRTRs replicate updates to ClientXTRs.


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6.  Security Considerations

  The nexagon LISP mobility-network is inherently secure and private.
  All information is conveyed using provisioned Geolocation Services.
  MobilityClients receive information only by geospatial channels
  originating from a provisioned Geolocation Services, and not from
  any other source on this application specific LISP network.
  MobilityClients have no indication as to the origin of the raw data.

  In order to be able to use nexagon LISP mobility-network for a given
  period, the mobility clients go through a DNS/AAA stage by which they
  obtain their clientEID identifiers-credentials and the RLOCs of
  EdgeRTRs they may use as gateways to the network. This MobilityClient
  <> EdgeRTR interface is the most sensitive in this network to privacy
  and security considerations.

  The traffic on the MobilityClient<>EdgeRTR interface is tunneled, and
  its UDP content may be encrypted; still, the EdgeRTR will know based
  on the LISP headers alone the MobilityClient RLOC and h3.rB (~0.1sqkm)
  geo-spatial area to which a given client uploads form / subscribes to.

  For this reason we envision the ability of enterprise to "bring their
  own" EdgeRTRs. For example a car OEM or mobile carrier offering
  EdgeRTRs on behalf of vehicles for use with Geolocation Services.
  BYO-RTR masks individual clients' RLOC to h3.rB association. BYO-RTR
  is pre-provisioned to be able to use the mapping system and be on
  white-lists of EdgeRTRs aggregating H3ServiceEIDs. If the EdgeRTR
  functionality is delivered by a carrier then the only entity which
  can correlate underlay IP, User, and Geo-location is the regulated
  carrier, which can do so anyway. LISP interoperability enables this.

  Beyond this hop, the mapping system does not hold MobilityClientEIDs,
  and remote EdgeRTRs are only aware of MobilityClient ephemeral EIDs,
  not actual RLOC or any other mobile-device identifiers. EdgeRTRs
  register in the mapping (s,g) h3.rB multicast groups. Which clients
  use which EdgeRTR is not in the mapping system, only the AAA server is
  aware of that. The H3ServiceEIDs themselves decrypt and parse actual
  h3.rS annotations; they also consider during this MobilityClientEID
  credentials to avoid "fake-news", but again these are only temporary
  EIDs allocated to clients in order to be able to use the mobility
  network and not for their actual IP.

  H3Services are provisioned to their EdgeRTRs, in the EdgeRTRs, and
  optionally also in the mapping system.

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  In summary of main risk mitigations for the lisp-nexagon interface:

  (1) tapping: all communications are through dynamic tunnels therefore
  may be encrypted using IP-Sec or other supported point to point
  underlay standards. These are not static tunnels but LISP re-tunneling
  routers (RTRs) perform all nexagon Overlay aggregation.

  (2) spoofing: it is very hard to guess a MobilityClientEID valid for
  a short period of time. Clients and H3Services EIDs are whitelisted
  in EdgeRTRs, Clients using the AAA procedure, H3Services via dev-ops.

  (3) impersonating: efforts to use MobilityClients and H3Services RLOCs
  should be caught by the underlying service provider edge and access
  networks. EID impersonating is caught by EdgeRTR EID RLOC whitelist
  mismatch.

  (4) credibility: the interface crowd-sources geo-state and does not
  assume to trust single detections. Credit history track to
  MobilityClientEIDs by as part of normal H3Services fact checking,
  aggregate scores affect AAA credentials.

  (5) privacy: Only EdgeRTRs are aware of both clients' RLOC and
  geo-location, only AAA is aware of client IDs credentials and credit
  but not geo-location. Aggregate credit score span all H3Services
  administratively without source.


7.  Acknowledgments

  We would like to kindly thank Joel Halperin for helping structure the
  AAA section and Geo-Privacy provisions, Luigi Lannone for promoting
  such LISP Compute First Networking (CFN) use-cases, helping structure
  the IANA section, and shepherding this draft to completion. We would
  like to thank George Ericson for help clarifying Geolocation Services
  terminology through joint work on the AECC specifications and papers,
  and Lei Zhong for helping term the dataflow virtualization solution.

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8.  IANA Considerations

This section provides guidance to the Internet Assigned Numbers
Authority (IANA) regarding registration of values related to the LISP
specification, in accordance with BCP 26 [RFC8126].

IANA is asked to create a registry named NEXAGON Parameters.

Such registry should be populated with the following sub registries.

State Enumeration Field 0x0: Traffic Direction:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Lane North         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Lane North + 30    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Lane North + 60    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Lane North + 90    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Lane North + 120   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Lane North + 150   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Lane North + 180   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Lane North + 210   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Lane North + 240   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Lane North + 270   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Lane North + 300   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Lane North + 330   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Junction           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Shoulder           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Sidewalk           | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x1: Persistent Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Pothole Light      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Pothole Deep       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Speed-bump Low     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Speed-bump High    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Icy                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Flooded            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Snow-cover         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Deep Snow          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Cone               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Gravel             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Choppy             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Blind-Curve        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Steep              | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Low-bridge         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Other              | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x2: Transient Condition:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Jaywalker          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Bike or Scooter    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Stopped Vehicle    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Moving on Shoulder | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | First Responder    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Sudden Slowdown    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Oversize Vehicle   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Light/Sign Breach  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Collision Light    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Collision Severe   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Collision Debris   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Collision Course   | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Vehicle Hard Brake | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Vehicle Sharp Turn | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Freed-up Parking   | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x3: Traffic-light Counter:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | 1 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 2 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 3 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 4 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 5 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 6 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 7 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 8 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 9 Second to Green  | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 10 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 30 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 60 Second to Green | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Green Now          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Red Now            | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x4: Impacted Tile:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Epicenter          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 2 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 3 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 4 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 5 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 6 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 7 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 8 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 9 Tiles Away       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 10 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 30 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 60 Tiles Away      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | <100 Tiles Away    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | <200 Tiles Away    | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x5: Expected Duration:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Next 1 Second      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Next 5 Seconds     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Next 10 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Next 20 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Next 40 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Next 60 Seconds    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Next 2 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Next 3 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Next 4 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Next 5 Minutes     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Next 10 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Next 15 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Next 30 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Next 60 Minutes    | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Next 24 Hours      | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x6: Lane Right Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Yield              | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Speed Limit        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Straight Only      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | No Straight        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Right Only         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | No Right           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Left Only          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | No Left            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Right Straight     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Left Straight      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | No U Turn          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | No Left or U       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Bike Lane          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | HOV Lane           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Stop               | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x7: Movement Sign:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Keep Right         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Keep Left          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Stay in Lane       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Do Not Enter       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | No Trucks          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | No Bikes           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | No Peds            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | One Way            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Parking            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | No Parking         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | No Standing        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | No Passing         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Loading Zone       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Rail Crossing      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | School Zone        | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x8: Curves & Intersections:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | Turns Left         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | Turns Right        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | Curves Left        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | Curves Right       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | Reverses Left      | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | Reverses Right     | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | Winding Road       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | Hair Pin           | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | Pretzel Turn       | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | Cross Roads        | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | Cross T            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | Cross Y            | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | Circle             | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | Lane Ends          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | Road Narrows       | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0x9: Tile Traffic Speed:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | < 1 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | < 2 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | < 3 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | < 4 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | < 5 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | < 6 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | < 7 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | < 8 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | < 9 m/sec          | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | < 10 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | < 20 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | < 30 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | < 40 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | < 50 m/sec         | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | > 50 m/sec         | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

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State Enumeration Field 0xA: Pedestrian Curb Density:
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| Value | Description        | Reference       |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+
| 0x0   | Null               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x1   | 100%               | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x2   | 95%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x3   | 90%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x4   | 85%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x5   | 80%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x6   | 70%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x7   | 60%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x8   | 50%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0x9   | 40%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xA   | 30%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xB   | 20%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xC   | 15%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xD   | 10%                | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xE   | 5%                 | [This Document] |
|       |                    |                 |
| 0xF   | No Peds            | [This Document] |
+-------+--------------------+-----------------+

State enumeration fields 0xB, 0xC, 0xD, 0xE, 0xF, are unassigned.
IANA can assign them on a "First Come First Served" basis
according to [RFC8126].


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9.  Normative References


  [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis]
            Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Meyer, D., Lewis, D., and A.
              Cabellos-Aparicio, "The Locator/ID Separation Protocol
              (LISP)", draft-ietf-lisp-rfc6830bis-38 (work in progress),
              May 2020.

  [I-D.ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis]
            Farinacci, D., Maino, F., Fuller, V., and A. Cabellos,
              "Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) Control-Plane",
              draft-ietf-lisp-rfc6833bis-31 (work in progress), May
              2020.

  [RFC4604]  Holbrook, H., Cain, B., and B. Haberman, "Using Internet
              Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3) and Multicast
              Listener Discovery Protocol Version 2 (MLDv2) for Source-
              Specific Multicast", RFC 4604, DOI 10.17487/RFC4604,
              August 2006, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4604>.

  [RFC6733]  Fajardo, V., Ed., Arkko, J., Loughney, J., and G. Zorn,
              Ed., "Diameter Base Protocol", RFC 6733,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC6733, October 2012,
              <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6733>.

  [RFC8126]  Cotton, M., Leiba, B., Narten, T., "Guidelines for
              Writing an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", RFC8126,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8126, June 2017,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.

  [RFC8378]  Farinacci, D., Moreno, V., "Signal-Free Locator/ID
              Separation Protocol (LISP) Multicast", RFC8378,
              DOI 10.17487/RFC8378, May 2018,
              <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8378>.

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Internet-Draft                    LISP                         June 2022

Authors' Addresses


   Sharon Barkai
   Nexar
   CA
   USA

   Email: sbarkai@gmail.com


   Bruno Fernandez-Ruiz
   Nexar
   London
   UK

   Email: b@getnexar.com


   Rotem Tamir
   Nexar
   Israel

   rotemtamir@getnexar.com


   Alberto Rodriguez-Natal
   Cisco Systems
   170 Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: natal@cisco.com


   Fabio Maino
   Cisco Systems
   170 Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: fmaino@cisco.com

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Internet-Draft                    LISP                         June 2022

   Albert Cabellos-Aparicio
   Technical University of Catalonia
   Barcelona
   Spain

   Email: acabello@ac.upc.edu


   Jordi Paillisse-Vilanova
   Technical University of Catalonia
   Barcelona
   Spain

   Email: jordip@ac.upc.edu


   Dino Farinacci
   lispers.net
   San Jose, CA
   USA

   Email: farinacci@gmail.com

   Barkai, et al.          Expires July 30, 2022               [Page 32]