Network Working Group                                         A. Muhanna
Internet-Draft                                                 M. Khalil
Intended status: Standards Track                                  Nortel
Expires: April 3, 2010                                     S. Gundavelli
                                                           Cisco Systems
                                                            K. Chowdhury
                                                        Starent Networks
                                                               P. Yegani
                                                        Juniper Networks
                                                      September 30, 2009


                  Binding Revocation for IPv6 Mobility
               draft-ietf-mext-binding-revocation-13.txt

Status of this Memo

   This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the
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Copyright Notice

   Copyright (c) 2009 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
   document authors.  All rights reserved.

   This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents in effect on the date of
   publication of this document (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info).
   Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
   and restrictions with respect to this document.

Abstract

   This document defines a binding revocation mechanism to terminate a
   mobile node's mobility session and the associated resources.  These
   semantics are generic enough and can be used by mobility entities in
   the case of Mobile IPv6 and its extensions.  This mechanism allows
   the mobility entity which initiates the revocation procedure to
   request its peer to terminate either one, multiple or all specified
   binding(s).































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Table of Contents

   1.  Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   2.  Conventions & Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.1.  Conventions used in this document  . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
     2.2.  Terminology  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   3.  Binding Revocation Protocol and Use Cases Overview . . . . . .  5
     3.1.  Binding Revocation Protocol  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     3.2.  MIPv6 and DSMIP6 Use Case  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     3.3.  Multiple Care-of Addresses (Monami6) Use Case  . . . . . .  7
     3.4.  Proxy MIPv6 Use Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
       3.4.1.  Local Mobility Anchor Initiates PMIPv6 Revocation  . .  9
       3.4.2.  Mobile Access Gateway Revokes Bulk PMIPv6 Bindings . . 10
   4.  Binding Revocation Messages over IPv4 Transport Network  . . . 11
   5.  Binding Revocation Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
     5.1.  Binding Revocation Indication Message  . . . . . . . . . . 13
     5.2.  Binding Revocation Acknowledgement Message . . . . . . . . 16
   6.  Binding Revocation Process Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     6.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Message . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
       6.1.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . . 19
       6.1.2.  Sending Binding Revocation Acknowledgement . . . . . . 19
     6.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Message . . . . . . . . . . . 21
       6.2.1.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . 21
       6.2.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Acknowledgement . . . . . 21
     6.3.  Retransmission of Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . 22
   7.  Home Agent Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
   8.  Local Mobility Anchor Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
     8.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . . . . 24
     8.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . . . 28
   9.  Mobile Access Gateway Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
     9.1.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . . . 30
     9.2.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication  . . . . . . . . . . 32
   10. Mobile Node Operation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
   11. Protocol Configuration Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
   12. IANA Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
   13. Security Considerations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
   14. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
   15. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     15.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     15.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
   Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39










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1.  Introduction

   In the case of Mobile IPv6 and for administrative reason, sometimes
   it becomes necessary to inform the mobile node that its registration
   has been revoked and the mobile node is no longer able to receive IP
   mobility service using its Home Address.  A similar Mobile IPv4
   registration revocation mechanism [RFC3543] has been specified by
   IETF for providing a revocation mechanism for sessions that were
   established using Mobile IPv4 registration [RFC3344].

   This document specifies a binding revocation mechanism that can be
   used to revoke a mobile node's mobility session(s).  The same
   mechanism can be used to revoke bindings created using Mobile IPv6
   [RFC3775] or any of its extensions, e.g.  Proxy Mobile IPv6
   [RFC5213].  The proposed revocation mechanism uses a new Mobility
   Header (MH) type <IANA-TBD> for revocation signaling which is
   applicable to Mobile IPv6 [RFC3775] and Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213]
   and can be used by any two IP mobility entities.  As an example, this
   mechanism allows a local mobility anchor (LMA), involved in providing
   IP mobility services to a mobile node, to notify the mobile access
   gateway (MAG) of the termination of that mobile node binding
   registration.  In another example, a mobile access gateway can use
   this mechanism to notify its local mobility anchor peer with a bulk
   termination of all or a subset of proxy mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) bindings
   that are registered with the local mobility anchor and currently
   being served by the mobile access gateway.  Any mobility entity is
   allowed to revoke only the registration of those mobile node(s)
   mobility sessions that are currently registered with it.


2.  Conventions & Terminology

2.1.  Conventions used in this document

   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].

2.2.  Terminology

   All the general mobility related terminology and abbreviations are to
   be interpreted as defined in Mobile IPv6 [RFC3775] and Proxy Mobile
   IPv6 [RFC5213] specifications.  The following terms are used in this
   specification.







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   Initiator

      The mobility node that initiates the binding revocation procedure
      by sending a Binding Revocation Indication message to its peer,
      e.g., home agent, local mobility anchor, or mobile access gateway.

   Responder

      The mobility node that receives the Binding Revocation Indication
      message and responds with a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
      message. e.g., mobile node, mobile access gateway, or local
      mobility anchor.


3.  Binding Revocation Protocol and Use Cases Overview

   This specification specifies a generic binding revocation mechanism
   where a mobility node can communicate to the mobile node or another
   mobility node the identity of the the mobile node registration
   binding that is being terminated.  In the case when this mechanism is
   used for bulk termination or multiple bindings, the identities of
   these bindings are communicated to the mobile node or mobility node
   using the same generic mechanism.  The following subsections present
   the protocol overview and applicable use cases.

3.1.  Binding Revocation Protocol

   In the case of Mobile IPv6, if the home network decides to terminate
   the service of the mobile node, the home agent sends a Binding
   Revocation Indication (BRI) message to the mobile node.  The home
   agent includes the home address (HoA) of the mobile node in the Type
   2 routing header as specified in [RFC3775] to indicate the impacted
   mobile node binding.  In the case of Dual Stack Mobile IPv6 (DSMIPv6)
   [RFC5555], the home agent may include the IPv4 Home Address option
   with the mobile node assigned home IPv4 address.  Additionally, if
   the mobile node registered multiple care-of addresses [ID-MCoA], the
   home agent includes the Binding Identifier (BID) option(s) in the
   Binding Revocation Indication message to identify which binding is
   being revoked.  When the mobile node receives a Binding Revocation
   Indication message with its HoA included in the Type 2 routing
   header, the mobile node responds by sending a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement (BRA) message.

   Similarly, in the case of Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213], the revocation
   procedure can be initiated by the local mobility anchor by sending a
   Binding Revocation Indication message to communicate the termination
   of a mobile node registration binding to the mobile access gateway.
   In this case, the local mobility anchor includes the mobile node Home



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   Network Prefix (MN-HNP) option [RFC5213] and the MN-ID option
   [RFC4283] to indicate to the mobility access gateway the identity of
   the PMIPv6 binding that needs to be terminated.  When the mobile
   access gateway receives the Binding Revocation Indication message,
   the mobile access gateway responds to the local mobility anchor by
   sending a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message.

   On the other hand, the mobile access gateway usually sends a de-
   registration message by sending a Proxy Binding Update with a
   lifetime of zero to indicate to the local mobility anchor of the
   termination of the PMIPv6 mobile node binding registration.  In this
   case, the mobile access gateway includes the MN-HNP option, the MN-ID
   option and all other required mobility options as per [RFC5213] in
   order for the local mobility anchor to identify the mobile node
   PMIPv6 binding.  Additionally, in the case when the mobile access
   gateway communicates a bulk termination of PMIPv6 mobility sessions,
   the mobile access gateway sends a Binding Revocation Indication
   message with the Global (G) bit is set and includes the mobile access
   gateway identity in the MN-ID option, see Section 9.2 and
   Section 8.2.  When the local mobility anchor receives such Binding
   Revocation Indication message, it ensures that the mobile access
   gateway is authorized to send such bulk termination message, see
   Section 13, and then processes the Binding Revocation Indication
   message accordingly.  If the local mobility anchor processes the
   Binding Revocation Indication message successfully, the local
   mobility anchor responds to the mobile access gateway by sending
   Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message.

   In any of the above cases, the initiator of the binding revocation
   procedure, e.g., home agent, local mobility anchor, or mobile access
   gateway, uses the Revocation Trigger field in the Binding Revocation
   Indication message to indicate to the receiving node the reason for
   initiating the revocation procedure.

3.2.  MIPv6 and DSMIP6 Use Case

   The binding revocation mechanism is applicable to Mobile IPv6 and
   DSMIPv6 session(s) when the home agent needs to inform the mobile
   node that its binding registration has been revoked, e.g. for an
   administrative reason.  This mechanism enables the user or the mobile
   node to react to the revocation, e.g., reinstate its interrupted
   Mobile IPv6 services.

   In this case, the home agent sends a Binding Revocation Indication
   message to indicate to the mobile node that its current mobile IPv6
   (MIPv6) binding has been revoked and it is no longer able to receive
   IP mobility service.  The home agent includes the HoA in Type 2
   routing header as used in [RFC3775] and sets the Revocation Trigger



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   field to a proper value, e.g., Administrative Reason.  In the case of
   DSMIPv6 session, the home agent may additionally include the mobile
   node assigned IPv4 Home Address in the IPv4 Home Address option.
   When the mobile node receives the Binding Revocation Indication
   message, it sends a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message to the
   home agent.  Figure 1 illustrates the message sequencing when home
   agent revokes a mobile node binding registration.


         MN                                         HA
         |                                           |
         |           HoA in Type 2 Hdr               |
         |<<<------------...  +  ...-----------------|
         |      BRI [seq.#, Revocation Trigger]      |
         |                                           |
         |                                           |
         | BRA (HoA in Dest. Option)[seq.#, Status]  |
         |---------------------------------------->>>|
         |                                           |
         |                                           |


      Figure 1: Home Agent Revokes a Mobile Node Binding Registration


3.3.  Multiple Care-of Addresses (Monami6) Use Case

   In the case of multiple care-of addresses registration [ID-MCoA], the
   home agent maintains different binding for each pair of care-of
   address and home address.  These bindings are also indexed and
   identified during the mobile node registration using a BID mobility
   option.  The HA may revoke one or multiple bindings for the same
   mobile node home address.

   If the home agent revokes a single binding for a mobile node with
   multiple care-of addresses registration, the home agent sends a
   Binding Revocation Indication message to the mobile node with the
   corresponding BID option included.  If more than one of the mobile
   node registered care-of addresses need to be revoked, the home agent
   includes all the corresponding BID options in the same Binding
   Revocation Indication message.  Figure 2 illustrates the message flow
   when the home agent revokes two registered Care-of addresses for the
   same mobile node in a single Binding Revocation Indication message.








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                                                      HA Binding Cache
                                                      ================
                                                      MN-BID1 [CoA1+HoA]
     MN                                           HA  MN-BID2 [CoA2+HoA]
      |                                            |  MN-BID3 [CoA3+HoA]
      |                                            |  MN-BID4 [CoA4+HoA]
      |             HoA in Type 2 Hdr              |
      |<<<<--------------  +  ---------------------|
      |     BRI [seq.#, R. Trigger, BID1, BID4]    |
      |                                            |
      |                                            |
      | BRA (HoA in Dest. Option) [seq.#, Status]  |
      |---------------------------------------->>>>|
      |                                            |
      |                                            |


   Figure 2: Home Agent Revokes MN's Specific Care-of Addresses Bindings


   Additionally, the home agent may revoke all of the mobile node
   registered bindings, by sending a BRI message without including any
   BID options while the HoA is included in the Type 2 routing header.
   Figure 1 illustrates the message flow when the home agent revokes all
   registered Care-of addresses bindings for a mobile node in a single
   Binding Revocation Indication message.

3.4.  Proxy MIPv6 Use Case

   Since the mobile node does not participate in the mobility mechanism
   in the case of PMIPv6, there are many scenarios where the Binding
   Revocation mechanism is needed to clean resources and make sure that
   the mobility entities, i.e., mobile access gateway and local mobility
   anchor, are always synchronized with respect to the status of the
   existing PMIPv6 bindings.  The binding revocation mechanism is
   generic enough that can be used for all Proxy Mobile IPv6 scenarios
   that follow [RFC5213] and [ID-PMIP6-IPv4] specifications.

   When the mobile access gateway receives a Binding Revocation
   Indication message as in Section 9.1, the mobile access gateway sends
   a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message to the local mobility
   anchor following the rules described in Section 6.1.2.  Similarly, if
   the local mobility anchor receives a Binding Revocation Indication
   message, the local mobility anchor responds to the mobile access
   gateway by sending a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message.






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3.4.1.  Local Mobility Anchor Initiates PMIPv6 Revocation

   The local mobility anchor may send a Binding Revocation Indication
   message with the appropriate revocation trigger value to the mobile
   access gateway that hosts a specific PMIPv6 binding to indicate that
   the mobile node binding has been terminated and the mobile access
   gateway can clean up the applicable resources.  When the mobile
   access gateway receives a Binding Revocation Indication message, the
   mobile access gateway identifies the respected binding and it sends a
   Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message to the local mobility
   anchor.  In this case, the mobile access gateway could send a Router
   Advertisement message to the mobile node with the home network prefix
   valid lifetime set to zero.

   As an example, Figure 3, illustrates the message sequence for
   revoking a mobile node binding at the source mobile access gateway
   during the mobile node inter-MAG handover.  During the inter-MAG
   handover, the mobile node moves from the source MAG to the target
   MAG.  The target MAG sends a Proxy Binding Update with the new care-
   of-address to the local mobility anchor to update the mobile node's
   point of attachment.  Since the mobile node binding at the local
   mobility anchor points to the source MAG and upon receiving the Proxy
   Binding Update from the target MAG, the local mobility anchor updates
   the MN Binding Cache Entry (BCE) and send a Proxy Binding
   Acknowledgement to the target MAG.  The local mobility anchor can
   send a Binding Revocation Indication message with the appropriate
   revocation trigger value, e.g. inter-MAG handover - different Access
   Types, to the source MAG in order to clean up the applicable
   resources reserved for the specified mobile node binding.  The source
   mobile access gateway acknowledges the Binding Revocation Indication
   message by sending a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message to
   indicate the success or failure of the termination of the mobile
   node's binding.

   The process identified above can also be used by the local mobility
   anchor in scenarios other than the inter-MAG handover with the proper
   revocation trigger value to indicate to the peer mobile access
   gateway that a specific PMIPv6 binding or bindings have been revoked.













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             oldMAG       newMAG                          LMA
               |             |                            |
               |             |        PBU                 |
               |             |--------------------------->|
               |             |                      PBU triggers
               |             |                   BRI Msg to oldMAG
               |             |                            |
               |             |        PBA                 |
               |             |<---------------------------|
               |             |                            |
               |             |                            |
               |    BRI [seq.#, R. Trigger, P bit, NAI]   |
               |<-----------------------------------------|
               |             |                            |
               |             |                            |
               |             |                            |
               |             |                            |
               |        BRA [seq.#, Status, P bit]        |
               |----------------------------------------->|
               |             |                            |
               |             |                            |


     Figure 3: LMA Revokes a MN Registration During Inter-MAG Handover


   In addition, the local mobility anchor can send a Binding Revocation
   Indication message to indicate that all bindings which are hosted by
   the peer mobile access gateway and registered with the local mobility
   anchor are being revoked by setting the Global (G) bit as described
   in Section 8.1.

3.4.2.  Mobile Access Gateway Revokes Bulk PMIPv6 Bindings

   The mobile access gateway sends a BRI message with the Global (G) bit
   set and the Revocation Trigger field set to "Per-Peer Policy" to
   indicate that all mobility bindings which are registered at the local
   mobility anchor and attached to the mobile access gateway are being
   revoked as in Section 9.2.  When the local mobility anchor receives
   this Binding Revocation Indication message from the specified mobile
   access gateway, the local mobility anchor first checks if the mobile
   access gateway is authorized to use global revocations, then it
   responds with the appropriate status code by sending a Binding
   Revocation Acknowledgement message as in Section 6.1.2.







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4.  Binding Revocation Messages over IPv4 Transport Network

   In some deployments, the network between the mobile access gateway
   and the local mobility anchor may only support IPv4 transport.
   Another case is when a mobile node which supports client mobile IPv6
   roams to an access network where only IPv4 addressing and transport
   is supported.  In this case, the mobile node is required to register
   an IPv4 home address with its home agent using a mobile IPv6 Binding
   Update message.

   If the Proxy Binding Update and Proxy Binding Acknowledgement
   messages or the Binding Update and Binding Acknowledgement messages
   are sent using UDP encapsulation [ID-PMIP6-IPv4] and [RFC5555] to
   traverse NATs, then the Binding Revocation messages are sent using
   the same UDP encapsulation.  The same UDP source and destination port
   numbers and IPv4 addresses used for exchanging the Proxy Binding
   Update and Proxy Binding Acknowledgement or the Binding Update and
   Binding Acknowledgement messages MUST be used when transporting
   Binding Revocation messages over IPv4 using UDP encapsulation.  For
   example, the source UDP port number, the destination UDP port number,
   the source IPv4 address, and the destination IPv4 address of the
   Binding Revocation Indication message are set to the destination UDP
   port number, the source UDP port number, destination IPv4 address,
   and source IPv4 address of the latest received and successfully
   processed Proxy Binding Update or Binding Update message,
   respectively.  For more details on tunneling Proxy Mobile IPv6 and
   Mobile IPv6 signaling messages over IPv4, see [ID-PMIP6-IPv4] and
   [RFC5555], respectively.


5.  Binding Revocation Message

   This section defines the Binding Revocation Message format using a MH
   Type <IANA-TBD> as illustrated in Figure 4.  The value in the Binding
   Revocation Type field defines whether the Binding Revocation message
   is a Binding Revocation Indication or Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement.  If the Binding Revocation type field is set to 1,
   the Binding Revocation Message is a Binding Revocation Indication as
   in Section 5.1.  However, if the value is 2, it is a Binding
   Revocation Acknowledgement message as in Section 5.2.











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       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       | Payload Proto |  Header Len   |   MH Type     |   Reserved    |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |           Checksum            |  B.R. Type    |               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+               +
       |                                                               |
       .            Binding Revocation Message Data                    .
       |                                                               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


                   Figure 4: Binding Revocation Message


   Payload Proto

      8-bit selector. see [RFC3775] for more details.

   Header Len

      8-bit unsigned integer. representing the length of the Mobility
      Header in units of 8 octets, excluding the first 8 octets. see
      [RFC3775] for more details.

   MH Type

      <IANA-TBD> which identifies the mobility message as a Binding
      Revocation message.

   Reserved

      8-bit field reserved for future use.  The value MUST be
      initialized to zero by the sender, and MUST be ignored by the
      receiver.

   Checksum

      16-bit unsigned integer.  This field contains the checksum of the
      Mobility Header.  The checksum is calculated as described in
      [RFC3775].

   Binding Revocation Type

      8-bit unsigned integer.  It defines the type of the Binding
      Revocation Message.  It can be assigned one of the following
      values:



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          0  Reserved
          1  Binding Revocation Indication Message
          2  Binding Revocation Acknowledgement Message
          All other values are reserved

   Binding Revocation Message Data

      The Binding Revocation Message Data follows the Binding Revocation
      Message format that is defined in this document for the specified
      value in the Binding Revocation Type field.  In this document, it
      is either a Binding Revocation Indication as in Section 5.1 or
      Binding Revocation Acknowledgement as in Section 5.2.

5.1.  Binding Revocation Indication Message

   The Binding Revocation Indication (BRI) message is a Binding
   Revocation Message which has a MH type <IANA-TBD> and a Binding
   Revocation Type value of 1.  It is used by the initiator to inform
   the responder of the identity of a specific binding or bindings which
   IP mobility service are being revoked.  Binding Revocation Indication
   message is sent as described in Section 7, Section 8.1, and
   Section 9.2.

   When the value 1 is indicated in the B. R. type field of the Binding
   Revocation Message, the format of the Binding Revocation Message Data
   follows the Binding Revocation Indication message as in Figure 5


       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
                                       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                                       | B.R. Type = 1 |  R. Trigger   |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |          Sequence #           |P|V|G|       Reserved          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                                                               |
       .                                                               .
       .                        Mobility options                       .
       |                                                               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


              Figure 5: Binding Revocation Indication Message








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   Revocation Trigger

      8-bit unsigned integer indicating the event which triggered the
      initiator to send the BRI message.  The Per-MN Revocation Trigger
      values are less than 128.  The per-MN revocation trigger is used
      when the BRI message intends to revoke one or more bindings for
      the same mobile node.  The Global Revocation Trigger values are
      greater than 128 and less than 250 and used in the BRI message
      when the Global (G) bit is set for global revocation.  The values
      250-255 are reserved for testing purposes only.  The following
      Revocation Trigger values are currently defined:

      Per-MN Revocation Trigger Values:
          0  Unspecified
          1  Administrative Reason
          2  Inter-MAG Handover - same Access Type
          3  Inter-MAG Handover - different Access Type
          4  Inter-MAG Handover - Unknown
          5  User Initiated Session(s) Termination
          6  Access Network Session(s) Termination
          7  Possible Out-of Sync BCE State

      Global Revocation Trigger Values:
          128  Per-Peer Policy
          129  Revoking Mobility Node Local Policy

      Reserved Revocation Trigger Values:
          250-255 Reserved For Testing Purposes only
          All other values are Reserved

   Sequence #

      A 16-bit unsigned integer used by the initiator to match a
      returned Binding Revocation Acknowledgement with this Binding
      Revocation Indication.  This sequence number could be a random
      number.  At any time, implementations MUST ensure there is no
      collision between the sequence numbers of all outstanding Binding
      Revocation Indication Messages.

   Proxy Binding (P)

      The Proxy Binding (P) bit is set by the initiator to indicate that
      the revoked binding(s) is a PMIPv6 binding.








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   IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V)

      The IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit is set by the initiator, home
      agent or local mobility anchor, to indicate to the receiving
      mobility entity the termination of the IPv4 Home Address binding
      only as in Section 7, and Section 8.1.

   Global (G)

      The Global (G) bit is set by the initiator, LMA or MAG, to
      indicate the termination of all Per-Peer mobility Bindings or
      Multiple Bindings which share a common identifier(s) and served by
      the initiator and responder as in Section 8.1 and Section 9.2.

   Reserved

      These fields are unused.  They MUST be initialized to zero by the
      sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver.

   Mobility Options

      Variable-length field of such length that the complete Mobility
      Header is an integer multiple of 8 octets long.  This field
      contains zero or more TLV-encoded mobility options.  This document
      does not define any new mobility option.  The receiver MUST ignore
      and skip any options which it does not understand.  These mobility
      option(s) are used by the responder to identify the specific
      binding or bindings that the initiator requesting to be revoked.

   The following options are valid in a Binding Revocation Indication:

   o  Home Network Prefix option [RFC5213].  This option MAY be used
      only when the (P) bit is set.  This option MUST be present when
      the BRI is used to revoke a single Proxy MIPv6 binding cache
      entry.

   o  Mobile Node Identifier Option [RFC4283].  This option MUST be
      present when the (P) bit is set.  Additionally, if the Global (G)
      bit is set by the mobile access gateway, this option MUST carry
      the MAG identity.  In this specification, only Mobile Node
      Identifier option with subtype 1 is required and other subtypes
      are currently not supported.

   o  Binding Identifier mobility option [ID-MCoA].  This option MUST be
      present if the initiator requests to terminate one binding of a
      multiple care-of addresses bindings for the same mobile node.  The
      initiator may include more than one of the BID mobility options.




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   o  IPv4 Home Address option which contains the mobile node home IPv4
      address [RFC5555].  This option MUST only be included when the
      IPv4 HoA Binding only (V) bit is set.

   o  Alternate Care-of Address mobility option [RFC3775].  This option
      MAY be included to indicate the Care-of Address of the mobile
      node's binding that is being revoked.  In the case when the Global
      (G) bit is set, this option identifies all mobility bindings that
      share the same care-of address.  Additionally, if the Global (G)
      bit is set, more than one Alternate Care-of Address mobility
      options MAY be present in the Binding Revocation Indication
      message.

   If no mobility options are present in this message, 4 octets of
   padding are necessary and the Header Len field of the Binding
   Revocation Message will be set to 1.

5.2.  Binding Revocation Acknowledgement Message

   The Binding Revocation Acknowledgement (BRA) message is a Binding
   Revocation Message which has a MH type <IANA-TBD> and a Binding
   Revocation Type value of 2.  It is used to acknowledge the receipt of
   a Binding Revocation Indication message described in Section 5.1.
   This packet is sent as described in Section 6.1.2.

   When the value 2 is indicated in the Binding Revocation type field of
   the Binding Revocation Message, the format of the Binding Revocation
   Message Data follows the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message
   as in Figure 6


       0                   1                   2                   3
       0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
                                       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
                                       | B.R. Type = 2 |    Status     |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |            Sequence #         |P|V|G|       Reserved          |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
       |                                                               |
       .                                                               .
       .                        Mobility options                       .
       .                                                               .
       |                                                               |
       +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+


           Figure 6: Binding Revocation Acknowledgement Message




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   Status

      8-bit unsigned integer indicating the result of processing the
      Binding Revocation Indication message by the responder.  Values of
      the Status field less than 128 indicate that the Binding
      Revocation Indication was processed successfully by the responder.
      Values greater than or equal to 128 indicate that the Binding
      Revocation Indication was rejected by the responder.  The
      following status values are currently defined:

          0  success
          1  partial success
          128  Binding Does NOT Exist
          129  IPv4 Home Address Option Required
          130  Global Revocation NOT Authorized
          131  Revoked Mobile Nodes Identity Required
          132  Revocation Failed - MN is Attached
          133  Revocation Trigger NOT Supported
          134  Revocation Function NOT Supported
          135  Proxy Binding Revocation NOT Supported

   Sequence #

      The sequence number in the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement is
      copied from the Sequence Number field in the Binding Revocation
      Indication.  It is used by the initiator, e.g., HA, LMA, MAG, in
      matching this Binding Revocation Acknowledgement with the
      outstanding Binding Revocation Indication.

   Proxy Binding (P)

      The Proxy Binding (P) bit is set if the (P) bit is set in the
      corresponding Binding Revocation Indication message.

   IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V)

      The IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit is set if the (V) bit is set in
      the corresponding Binding Revocation Indication message.

   Global (G)

      The Global (G) bit is set if the (G) bit is set in the
      corresponding Binding Revocation Indication message.








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   Reserved

      These fields are unused.  They MUST be initialized to zero by the
      sender and MUST be ignored by the receiver.

   Mobility Options

      Variable-length field of such length that the complete Mobility
      Header is an integer multiple of 8 octets long.  This field
      contains zero or more TLV-encoded mobility options.  In the case
      when the Status field is set to success, no mobility option is
      required.  The mobility option(s) is usually used to communicate
      information of the bindings that failed the revocation procedure.

   The following mobility options are valid in a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement:

   o  Home Network Prefix option [RFC5213].  This option MAY be included
      only when the (P) bit is set.

   o  Mobile Node Identifier Option [RFC4283].  This option MAY be
      included when the (P) bit is set.  This option SHOULD be included
      if the Home Network Prefix option is included.

   o  Binding Identifier mobility option [ID-MCoA].  The responder MAY
      include this option to indicate the specific BID that failed the
      revocation procedure.

   If no options are present in this message, 4 octets of padding are
   necessary and the Header Len field of the Binding Revocation Message
   will be set to 1.


6.  Binding Revocation Process Operation

   The following subsections describe the details of the generic binding
   revocation process as used by the different mobility entities.

6.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Message

   When sending a Binding Revocation message, the initiator constructs
   the packet as it would any other Mobility Header with the exception
   of setting the MH Type field to <IANA-TBD>.

   The Binding Revocation Message MUST be protected using the same
   underlying security association, e.g., IPsec, that is being used
   between the two peers to protect the mobile node's Mobile IPv6 and
   its extensions binding registration signaling.  If IPsec is not used



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   as the underlying security mechanism to protect the binding
   registration signaling, the used underlying security mechanism MUST
   provide protection against all identified security threats as
   described under Security Considerations in [RFC3775] and [RFC5213].

6.1.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication

   The initiator MUST construct the Binding Revocation Message Data
   following the format of the Binding Revocation Indication message as
   described in Section 5.1 and the following:

   o  The initiator MUST set the Sequence Number field to a valid
      sequence number for Binding Revocation.  Since sending Binding
      Revocation Indication message is not done on a regular basis, a 16
      bit sequence number field is large enough to allow the initiator
      to match the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement to the associated
      Binding Revocation Indication using the sequence number field
      only.

   o  If the initiator is revoking a binding that was created using
      proxy MIPv6 registration, the initiator MUST set the Proxy Binding
      (P) bit.

   o  If the initiator is sending the Binding Revocation Indication
      message to revoke multiple mobility sessions, the initiator MUST
      set the Global (G) bit.  In this case, the initiator MUST set the
      revocation trigger field to a valid value from the list of Global
      Revocation Triggers.

   o  If the initiator is sending the Binding Revocation Indication
      message with the Global (G) bit cleared, the initiator MUST set
      the revocation trigger field to a valid value from the list of
      per-MN Revocation Triggers.

   o  If the initiator is sending the Binding Revocation Indication
      message to indicate the revocation of the mobile node IPv4 HoA
      Binding Only, the initiator MUST set the (V) bit.  In this case,
      the initiator MUST include the IPv4 Home Address option in the BRI
      to identify the IPv4 HoA that is being revoked.

6.1.2.  Sending Binding Revocation Acknowledgement

   The responder MUST send a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message
   to indicate the receipt and the status of processing of the
   corresponding Binding Revocation Indication message as follows:






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   o  Whenever the Binding Revocation Indication is discarded, e.g., as
      described in Section 6.2, a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
      MUST NOT be sent.  Otherwise the treatment depends on the
      following rules.

   o  If the responder accepts the Binding Revocation Indication
      message, the responder MUST send a successful Binding Revocation
      Acknowledgement with an appropriate status code.

   o  If the responder rejects the Binding Revocation Indication
      message, the responder MUST send a Binding Revocation
      Acknowledgement with an appropriate failure status code.

   If the Source Address field of the IPv6 header that carried the
   Binding Revocation Indication message does not contain a unicast
   address, the Binding Revocation Indication packet MUST be silently
   discarded.

   When the responder acknowledges the received Binding Revocation
   Indication message, the responder MUST construct the Binding
   Revocation Message Data following the format of the Binding
   Revocation Acknowledgement message as described in Section 5.2 and
   the following:

   o  The responder MUST set the Sequence Number field by copying the
      value from the Sequence Number field of the received Binding
      Revocation Indication.

   o  The responder MUST set the status field to a valid value that
      reflects the status of the processing of the received Binding
      Revocation Indication message.

   o  If the (P) bit is set in the received Binding Revocation
      Indication, the responder MUST set the (P) bit in the Binding
      Revocation Acknowledgement.

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set in the received Binding Revocation
      Indication, the responder MUST set the Global (G) bit in the
      Binding Revocation Acknowledgement.

   o  If the IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit is set in the received
      Binding Revocation Indication, the responder MUST set the (V) bit
      in the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement.

   o  The destination IP address of the IPv6 packet of the Binding
      Revocation Acknowledgement is set to the source IP address of the
      received Binding Revocation Indication.




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6.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Message

   When receiving a Binding Revocation message, the responder MUST
   verify the Mobility Header as described in section 9.2. of [RFC3775].
   If the packet is dropped due to failing any of the Mobility Headers
   test check, the responder MUST follow the processing rules as in
   Section 9.2 of [RFC3775].  If the responder does not support the
   Binding Revocation Indication message and does not recognize the MH
   type <IANA-TBD>, it sends a Binding Error message with the Status
   field set to 2 as described in [RFC3775].

   Upon receiving a packet carrying a Binding Revocation Message, BRI or
   BRA, the receiving mobility entity MUST verify that the packet was
   received protected by the security association that is being used to
   protect the binding registration and Binding Revocation signaling
   between the two peers, e.g., an IPsec SA.

6.2.1.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication

   When the responder receives a packet carrying a Binding Revocation
   Indication message that was successfully processed as in Section 6.2,
   the responder, in addition, processes the message as follows:

   o  The responder MUST validate that the Binding Revocation Indication
      is formatted as in Section 5.1.

   o  If the Revocation Trigger field is set to a value that the
      responder does not support, the responder SHOULD reject the
      Binding Revocation Indication message using status code
      "Revocation Trigger NOT Supported".

   o  If the Revocation Trigger value is NOT allowed with the Binding
      Revocation Indication message intent, e.g., the Global (G) bit is
      set and the Revocation Trigger field value is a per-MN specific,
      the responder SHOULD reject the Binding Revocation Indication
      message using status code "Revocation Function NOT Supported".

   o  If the responder failed to identify the mobile node(s) bindings as
      identified in the Binding Revocation Indication message, the
      responder MUST reject the BRI using Status code "Binding Does NOT
      Exist".

6.2.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Acknowledgement

   When the initiator receives a packet carrying a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement message that was successfully processed as in
   Section 6.2, the initiator, in addition, processes the message and
   examines the Status field as follows:



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   o  The initiator MUST validate that the sequence number in the
      Sequence Number field matches the sequence number of an
      outstanding Binding Revocation Indication that was sent by the
      initiator.  If the sequence number does not match a sequence
      number of any of the outstanding Binding Revocation Indication
      messages, the initiator MUST silently discard the message but MAY
      log the event.

   o  If the Status field indicates that the Binding Revocation
      Indication was processed successfully, the initiator MUST delete
      the current timer and the mobile node(s) binding(s) and all
      associated resources.

   o  If the Status field indicates any value other than success, the
      initiator SHOULD examine any mobility options included in the
      Binding Revocation Acknowledgement.  In this case, it is based on
      the initiator local policy how to handle the mobile node binding.
      The initiator MAY log the appropriate event to reflect the
      received status.

6.3.  Retransmission of Binding Revocation Indication

   If the initiator does not receive a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement in response to the outstanding Binding Revocation
   Indication before the InitMINDelayBRIs timer expires, the initiator,
   e.g.  LMA, SHOULD retransmit the same BRI message up to the
   BRIMaxRetriesNumber as defined in Section 11.

   The retransmissions by the initiator MUST use an exponential back-off
   process in which the timeout period is doubled upon each
   retransmission, until either the initiator receives a response or the
   timeout period reaches the value MAX_BRACK_TIMEOUT.  The initiator
   MAY continue to send these messages at this slower rate up to the
   BRIMaxRetriesNumber.

   If the initiator does not receive a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement message after the BRIMaxRetriesNumber of retransmits
   have been sent, the initiator SHOULD clean all resources associated
   with this mobile node binding.  The initiator may log the event.


7.  Home Agent Operation

   To terminate a mobile node registration and its current binding with
   the home agent, the home agent sends a packet to the mobile node
   containing a Binding Revocation Indication, with the packet
   constructed as follows:




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   o  The Revocation Trigger field MUST be set to indicate to the mobile
      node the reason for revoking its IP mobility binding with the home
      agent.  The Revocation Trigger may be used by the mobile node to
      take further steps if necessary.

   o  The Binding Revocation Indication MUST be sent using a Type 2
      routing header which contains the mobile node's registered IPv6
      home address for the binding being revoked.

   o  The care-of address for the binding MUST be used as the
      destination address in the packet's IPv6 header, unless an
      Alternate Care-of Address mobility option is included in the
      Binding Revocation Indication.  If an Alternate Care-of Address
      option is included in the Binding Revocation Indication message,
      the destination address in the packet's IPv6 header SHOULD be set
      to the source IP address of the packet that carried the latest
      successful Binding Update with the Alternate Care-of address
      included.

   o  If the home agent needs to only revoke the mobile node's IPv4 home
      address binding, the home agent MUST set the IPv4 HoA Binding Only
      (V) bit and MUST include the mobile node's registered IPv4 home
      address that is being revoked in the IPv4 Home Address option.

   When the home agent sends a Binding Revocation Indication to the
   mobile node, the home agent sets a flag in the mobile node BCE to
   indicate that revocation is in progress and starts the
   InitMINDelayBRIs timer.  The home agent maintains the mobile node BCE
   in this state until it receives a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
   or retransmits the Binding Revocation Indication message as described
   in Section 6.3.

   In a race condition case, the home agent may receive a Binding Update
   from the mobile node while the mobile node's BCE has the revocation
   in progress flag set, the home agent SHOULD handle this case based on
   the reason for sending the Binding Revocation Indication message and
   its local policy.  In this case, if the home agent accepts the
   Binding Update, it needs to update the mobile node BCE accordingly,
   e.g. removing the revocation in progress flag.

   When the home agent needs to revoke one or more of a mobile node
   bindings that were created using Multiple Care-of address
   registration as in [ID-MCoA], the home agent MUST include all the
   related BID mobility options that identify these bindings in the
   Binding Revocation Indication message.  In the case when the home
   agent needs to revoke all of the mobile node bindings, the home agent
   SHOULD NOT include any of the BID mobility options.




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   When the home agent receives a packet carrying a valid Binding
   Revocation Acknowledgement message, the home agent follows
   Section 6.2 in processing this message.


8.  Local Mobility Anchor Operation

8.1.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication

   To terminate a mobile node PMIPv6 registration and its current
   binding with the local mobility anchor, the local mobility anchor
   sends a packet to the mobile access gateway containing a Binding
   Revocation Indication message following the procedure in Section 6.1
   and the following rules:

   o  The Proxy Mobile IP (P) bit MUST be set to indicate that the
      binding being revoked is a PMIPv6 binding.

   o  The Revocation Trigger field MUST be set to indicate to the mobile
      access gateway the reason for removing the specified mobile node
      PMIPv6 binding at the local mobility anchor.  The Revocation
      Trigger may be used by the mobile access gateway to learn the
      mobile node's latest movement.

   o  The packet MUST contain the Mobile Node Identifier, MN-ID, option
      which contains the mobile node's NAI that was used in the Proxy
      Binding Update during the mobile node registration.

   o  If the Mobile Node Identifier, MN-ID, is registered in more than
      one of the mobile node's BCE and the local mobility anchor does
      NOT need to revoke all of the mobile node's bindings, the Binding
      Revocation Indication message MUST contain another identifier to
      uniquely identify the mobile node binding(s) that is being
      revoked, e.g., at least one Home Network Prefix option which
      contains the mobile node's registered Home Network Prefix (HNP)
      for the binding being revoked.

   o  In case of revoking all Per-Peer bindings, the local mobility
      anchor MUST set the Global (G) bit and the Revocation Trigger MUST
      contain the value "Per-Peer Policy" to request the mobile access
      gateway to remove all Per-Peer bindings that are registered with
      the local mobility anchor and this mobile access gateway.

   o  The care-of address for the binding MUST be used as the
      destination address in the packet's IPv6 header, unless an
      Alternate Care-of Address mobility option is included in the
      Binding Revocation Indication message.  If an Alternate Care-of
      Address option is included in the Binding Revocation Indication



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      message, the destination address in the packet's IPv6 header
      SHOULD be set to the source IP address of the packet that carried
      the latest successful Proxy Binding Update with the Alternate
      Care-of address included.


   The local mobility anchor MAY delete the mobile node(s) IP tunnel
   immediately after sending the initial Binding Revocation Indication
   and before receiving the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message.

   When the local mobility anchor sends a Binding Revocation Indication
   to the mobile access gateway to remove a specific binding, the local
   mobility anchor sets a flag in the mobile node proxy BCE to indicate
   that revocation is in progress and starts the InitMINDelayBRIs timer.
   The local mobility anchor SHOULD maintain the mobile node proxy BCE
   in this state until it receives a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
   or the BRIMaxRetransmitNumber is reached.  In the case when the local
   mobility anchor sets the Revocation Trigger field to a value which
   indicates inter-MAG handover, the local mobility anchor MAY switch
   the mobile node IP tunnel to the target mobile access gateway before
   sending the Binding Revocation Indication to the source mobile access
   gateway.

   In a race condition case, the local mobility anchor may receive a
   Proxy Binding Update from the mobile access gateway while the mobile
   node's proxy BCE has the revocation in progress flag set.  The local
   mobility anchor should handle this case based on the reason for
   sending the Binding Revocation Indication message and its local
   policy.  In this case, if the local mobility anchor accepts the Proxy
   Binding Update, it needs to update the mobile node proxy BCE
   accordingly, e.g. removing the revocation in progress flag.

   When the local mobility anchor needs to revoke all the mobile nodes
   proxy BCEs that are registered with the local mobility anchor and the
   mobile access gateway peer, it MUST set the Global (G) bit and set
   the value of the Revocation Trigger field to "Per-Peer Policy".  In
   this case, the local mobility anchor MUST NOT include any mobility
   options in this Binding Revocation Indication message.

   When the local mobility anchor needs to revoke all mobile nodes proxy
   BCEs that belong to a specific realm and are registered with the
   local mobility anchor and the mobile access gateway peer, the local
   mobility anchor MUST set the Global (G) bit and set the value of the
   Revocation Trigger field to "Revoking Mobility Node Local Policy".
   In this case, the local mobility anchor MUST include a mobility
   option in the Binding Revocation Indication that is shared among all
   the impacted mobile nodes BCEs, e.g., the mobile node identifier
   option, MN-ID option, with subtype value of 1.  In this case, the NAI



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   value in the MN-ID MUST follow the format where the content after the
   "@" character defines the realm which is shared amongst all of the
   impacted mobile nodes proxy BCEs.  As an example: @example.com
   identifies all mobile nodes which their MN-ID value contain
   "example.com" as the realm, e.g., "1234abdelta@example.com",
   "axxxyzd@example.com", and "abcdefg.xyz123@example.com", but not
   "1234abdelta@foo.example.com".

   When the local mobility anchor needs to revoke a subgroup of the
   mobile nodes proxy BCEs that belong to a specific realm and are
   registered with the local mobility anchor and the mobile access
   gateway, the local mobility anchor MUST set the Global (G) bit and
   set the value of the Revocation Trigger field to "Revoking Mobility
   Node Local Policy".  In this case, the local mobility anchor MUST
   include an additional mobility option to the mobile node identifier
   option, MN-ID option, with subtype value of 1.  In other words, the
   impacted mobile node BCEs are those which have a MN-ID with a realm
   as specified above and, e.g., are assigned the same proxy care-of
   address as the one included in the Alternate Care-of address mobility
   option.

   When the mobile node is registered with multiple Home Network
   Prefixes for the same proxy care-of address, the local mobility
   anchor SHOULD include a HNP option for each registered HNP in the
   Binding Revocation Indication.  Alternatively, it MAY include only
   the mobile node identifier, MN-ID, option with the mobile node NAI
   included to indicate to the mobile access gateway to remove all
   bindings of the specified mobile node NAI in the MN-ID option.

   According to Proxy Mobile IPv6 specification [RFC5213], if the local
   mobility anchor receives a Proxy Binding Update message from a new
   mobile access gateway for extending the binding lifetime of the only
   BCE of this mobile node with the Handoff Indicator value is set to
   "Inter-MAG Handover - Unknown", the local mobility anchor waits a
   period of MaxDelayBeforeNewBCEAssign to receive a de-registration
   message from the previous mobile access gateway before updating the
   mobile node's BCE with the new point of attachment.  If a de-
   registration message is not received, the local mobility anchor
   considers the received Proxy Binding Update message as a request for
   a new BCE and if processed successfully, the local mobility anchor
   assigns a different HNP for the new BCE.

   This document updates the local mobility anchor's behavior in this
   case.  If the local mobility anchor supports the binding revocation
   mechanism as described in this document, it SHOULD proactively send a
   Binding Revocation Indication message to the previous mobile access
   gateway instead of waiting for a de-registration from the previous
   mobile access gateway.  In the Binding Revocation Indication message,



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   the Revocation Trigger MUST be set to "Inter-MAG Handover - Unknown".


   If the local mobility anchor sent a Binding Revocation Indication
   message with the Revocation Trigger field set to "Inter-MAG Handover
   - Unknown" and while waiting for a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement, the following are possible conditions that the local
   mobility anchor MUST handle as specified below:

   o  If the local mobility anchor receives a successful Binding
      Revocation Acknowledgement message or a de-registration message
      from the previous mobile access gateway, the local mobility anchor
      MUST update the mobile node BCE in a similar way as if it received
      a de-registration message as described in [RFC5213].

   o  If the local mobility anchor receives a Binding Revocation
      Acknowledgement message with the status field set to "Revocation
      Failed - MN is Attached", the local mobility anchor SHOULD update
      the mobile node BCE in a similar way as if it did NOT receive a
      de-registration before the MaxDelayBeforeNewBCEAssign timer
      expires by creating a new BCE as described in [RFC5213].

   o  If the local mobility anchor did not receive a Binding Revocation
      Acknowledgement message nor a de-registration Proxy Binding Update
      from the previous mobile access gateway after it exhausted all of
      the Binding Revocation Indication message retransmissions as
      described in Section 6.3, the local mobility anchor SHOULD update
      the mobile node's BCE in a similar way as if it did NOT receive a
      de-registration before the MaxDelayBeforeNewBCEAssign timer
      expires by creating a new BCE as described in [RFC5213].  Note
      that the local mobility anchor SHOULD use the recommended number
      of retransmissions for the Binding Revocation Indication message
      as described in Section 11 to avoid delaying the creation of a new
      binding cache entry for too long, if the mobile node is actually
      attaching to the new MAG with a different interface.


   When the mobile node is registered with an IPv4 proxy home address in
   addition to the Home Network Prefix where both of the IPv4 pHoA and
   HNP are bound to the same proxy CoA, the local mobility anchor MAY
   revoke the mobile node IPv4 proxy HoA binding to the current mobile
   node proxy CoA while maintaining the mobile node binding of the HNP
   to its current pCoA as part of the mobile node BCE.  In this case, if
   the local mobility anchor decides to revoke the mobile node IPv4
   proxy HoA only, it MUST send a Binding Revocation Indication message
   following the procedure in Section 6.1 and the following rules:





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   o  The IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit MUST be set in the BRI to
      indicate that only the IPv4 home address binding is being revoked.

   o  The IPv4 Home Address option MUST be included with the mobile
      node's registered IPv4 home address that is being released in
      addition to the MN-ID option.

   o  The mobile node Home Network Prefix option MUST NOT be included.

   o  The Revocation Trigger field MUST be set to an appropriate value,
      e.g.  "User Initiated Session(s) Termination".

8.2.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication

   When the local mobility anchor receives a packet carrying a Binding
   Revocation Indication that was successfully processed as in
   Section 6.2, in addition, the local mobility anchor processes the
   message as follows:

   o  If the (P) bit is set, the local mobility anchor MUST validate
      that all impacted binding(s) have the proxy binding flag set.

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set and the Revocation Trigger field
      value is "Per-Peer Policy", the LMA MUST validate that the Proxy
      (P) bit is set and the MN-ID option is present with the mobile
      access gateway identity included.  In addition, the local mobility
      anchor MUST verify that the identified mobile access gateway as
      per the value in the MN-ID option is authorized to use the global
      revocation with revocation trigger value "Per-Peer Policy", see
      Section 13.  If the local mobility anchor processes the Global
      Binding Revocation Indication message successfully, it MUST accept
      the Binding Revocation Indication message using the Status code
      success.

   o  If the mobile access gateway is not authorized to use the Per-Peer
      Global revocation feature or the received Binding Revocation
      Indication message has the Global (G) bit set and the Revocation
      Trigger field is set to "Per-Peer Policy", but the MN-ID option is
      not included, the local mobility anchor MUST reject the Binding
      Revocation Indication message using Status code (Global Revocation
      NOT Authorized).

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set and the Revocation Trigger value is
      "Per-Peer Policy", and only the mobile node identifier, MN-ID,
      option is included, the local mobility anchor MUST revoke all
      mobile nodes bindings which proxy CoA is the one used as the
      source of the IPv6 packet that carried the Binding Revocation
      Indication.  However, if one or more Alternate Care-of Address



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      options are included in addition to the mobile node identifier
      option, the local mobility anchor MUST revoke all mobile nodes
      bindings which proxy Care-of Address matches one of the Care-of
      address(es) in the Alternate Care-of Address option(s).  After the
      local mobility anchor successfully processes the Binding
      Revocation Indication message and identifies all impacted mobile
      nodes bindings, it MUST accept the Binding Revocation Indication
      message using the Status code success.

   o  If the local mobility anchor accepted the Binding Revocation
      Indication message but one or more of the bindings identified in
      the received Binding Revocation Indication message has already
      been released, the local mobility anchor MUST accept the message
      and it MAY set the Status field to (partial success) and include
      the mobile node identifier, MN-ID, or the Home Network Prefix
      option to identify the binding(s) that failed the revocation
      procedure.

   o  If the Global (G) bit is not set, the local mobility anchor uses
      the included mobility options to identify the impacted mobile node
      binding as follows:

      1.  If only the mobile node identifier, MN-ID, option is included,
          the local mobility anchor MUST accept the message and revoke
          all bindings for this mobile node which use the specified
          mobile node NAI including the IPv4 Home Address binding(s) if
          present.

      2.  If the mobile node identifier, MN-ID, and one Home Network
          Prefix option are included, the local mobility anchor MUST
          accept the message and only remove the specified mobile node
          proxy binding.

      3.  If the mobile node identifier, MN-ID, option and more than one
          Home Network Prefix options are included, the local mobility
          anchor MUST accept the message and remove all bindings which
          are referenced by these Home Network Prefixes for the
          specified mobile node NAI.

      4.  If the IPv4 HoA binding Only (V) bit is set and the mobile
          node identifier, MN-ID, option and the IPv4 Home Address
          option are included, the local mobility anchor MUST accept the
          message and remove only the IPv4 HoA address binding to the
          mobile node current proxy Care-of address.

   The Revocation Trigger field value in the received Binding Revocation
   Indication could be used by the local mobility anchor to log an event
   or update some local parameters which tracks the state of the peer



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   mobile access gateway.


   After the local mobility anchor accepts or rejects a Binding
   Revocation Indication message, the local mobility anchor MUST follow
   Section 6.1 and Section 6.1.2 to send a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement message to the mobile access gateway.


9.  Mobile Access Gateway Operation

9.1.  Receiving Binding Revocation Indication

   When the mobile access gateway receives a packet carrying a Binding
   Revocation Indication that was successfully processed as in
   Section 6.2, in addition, the mobile access gateway processes the
   message as follows:

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set and the Revocation Trigger field
      value is "Per-Peer policy", the mobile access gateway MUST
      validate that the Proxy (P) bit is set and no mobility options is
      included in the message.  If the mobile access gateway processes
      the Global Binding Revocation Indication message successfully, it
      MUST accept the Binding Revocation Indication message using the
      Status code success.

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set and the Revocation Trigger field
      value is "Revoking Mobility Node Local Policy", the mobile access
      gateway MUST validate that the Proxy (P) bit is set and at least
      the MN-ID option with the subtype value of 1 is included in the
      Binding Revocation Indication and it is formatted as described is
      Section 8.1.  If the mobile access gateway processes this Global
      Binding Revocation Indication message successfully, it MUST accept
      the message using the Status code success.

   o  If the Global (G) bit is set and the Revocation Trigger field
      value is "Revoking Mobility Node Local Policy", and no mobility
      options are included in the Binding Revocation Indication message
      or the mobile access gateway is not able to identify the impacted
      mobile nodes bindings based on the included mobility options, the
      mobile access gateway MUST treat this as an error scenario.  In
      this case, the mobile access gateway MUST reject the Binding
      Revocation Indication message using Status code "Revoked Mobile
      Nodes Identity Required".

   o  If the Revocation Trigger field value in the received Binding
      Revocation Indication message indicates inter-MAG handover, e.g.,
      Inter-MAG Handover - Unknown, the mobile access gateway uses the



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      mobility option(s) included in the Binding Revocation Indication
      message to identify the mobile node binding.  The mobile access
      gateway SHOULD ensure that the mobile node is no longer attached
      to the mobile access gateway before accepting the BRI message
      using Status code success.  However, if the mobile access gateway
      verified that the mobile node is still directly attached, the
      mobile access gateway MUST reject the BRI using Status code
      "Revocation failed - MN is Attached".

   o  If the IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit is set, the mobile access
      gateway uses the MN-ID option to identify the mobile node binding
      entry in the Binding Update List (BUL).  The mobile access gateway
      MUST verify that the IPv4 address included in the IPv4 Home
      Address option in the received Binding Revocation Indication is
      the same as the IPv4 proxy HoA that is assigned to the mobile
      node.  After the mobile access gateway successfully validates the
      received IPv4 home address as the mobile node IPv4 HoA, it MUST
      consider this as an indication to ONLY release the mobile node
      IPv4 proxy HoA binding to the mobile node current proxy CoA.
      Consequently, it MUST continue to maintain the mobile node IPv6
      proxy HoA or HNP binding to the current mobile node proxy CoA as
      part of the mobile node binding in the BUL entry and release all
      resources associated with the MN IPv4 proxy HoA binding to the MN
      pCoA.  If the mobile access gateway processed the BRI
      successfully, the mobile access gateway MUST accept the BRI using
      Status code success.  On the other hand, if the mobile access
      gateway is able to identify the mobile node binding using the
      MN-ID but failed to identify the received IPv4 proxy HoA, the
      mobile access gateway MUST reject the BRI using Status code
      "Binding Does NOT Exist".

   o  If the mobile access gateway accepts the Binding Revocation
      Indication message but one or more of the bindings identified in
      the received Binding Revocation Indication message has already
      been released before processing the Binding Revocation Indication,
      the mobile access gateway MUST accept the Binding Revocation
      Indication message.  In this case, the mobile access gateway MAY
      set the Status field to "partial success" and include the mobile
      node identifier, MN-ID, or the Home Network Prefix option to
      identify the binding(s) that failed to be removed as part of the
      revocation procedure.

   The Revocation Trigger field value in the received Binding Revocation
   Indication could be used by the mobile access gateway to define what
   actions the mobile access gateway could do to inform the mobile node
   that its IP connectivity to the current HNP has been terminated,
   e.g., if the Revocation Trigger field is set to "Administrative
   Reason", the mobile access gateway may send a RA message after



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   setting the Home Network Prefix valid lifetime to zero.


   After the mobile access gateway accepts or rejects a Binding
   Revocation Indication message, the mobile access gateway MUST follow
   Section 6.1 and Section 6.1.2 to send a Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement message to the local mobility anchor.

9.2.  Sending Binding Revocation Indication

   The mobile access gateway could send a Binding Revocation Indication
   message to indicate the termination of multiple mobile node bindings,
   e.g., when using the global revocation with the Global (G) bit is
   set.  In this case when an event occurs which requires the mobile
   access gateway to inform the local mobility anchor peer to terminate
   all mobile nodes bindings which are registered at the local mobility
   anchor and the mobile access gateway, the mobile access gateway sends
   a Binding Revocation Indication message following the procedure in
   Section 6.1 and the followings:

   o  The Proxy Binding (P) bit MUST be set to indicate that the
      binding(s) being revoked is a PMIPv6 binding.

   o  The Global (G) bit MUST be set and the Revocation Trigger MUST
      contain a value of "Per-Peer Policy" in the Binding Revocation
      Indication to request the local mobility anchor to remove all Per-
      Peer bindings that are registered with the local mobility anchor
      and the mobile access gateway.  In this case, the MN-ID option
      MUST be included in the Binding Revocation Indication and contain
      the mobile access gateway identity.  In addition, the mobile
      access gateway MAY include one or more Alternate Care-of Address
      option(s).  The Alternate Care-of Address option(s) contain the
      proxy Care-of address(es) the bindings of which are being impacted
      by this Binding Revocation Indication message.

   o  The mobile access gateway address MAY be used as the source
      address in the packet's IPv6 header.

   As described in Section 6.3, the mobile access gateway SHOULD
   retransmit the Binding Revocation Indication to the local mobility
   anchor until it receives a matching Binding Revocation
   Acknowledgement or the BRIMaxRetransmitNumber is reached.  The mobile
   access gateway MAY delete the mobile nodes IP tunnels immediately
   after sending the Binding Revocation Indication and before receiving
   a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message from the LMA.

   In a response to a Binding Revocation Indication message, if the
   mobile access gateway receives a packet carrying a Binding Revocation



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   Acknowledgement that was successfully processed as in Section 6.2 and
   the Status field indicates (Global Revocation NOT Authorized), the
   mobile access gateway is not authorized to participate in a Per-Peer
   Global Revocation.  The mobile access gateway SHOULD NOT retry
   sending a Binding Revocation Indication with the Global (G) bit is
   set and the Revocation Trigger field value is set to "Per-Peer
   Policy" to the same local mobility agent.  The mobile access gateway
   should raise an alarm or log an event to indicate this rejection.


10.  Mobile Node Operation

   Upon receiving a packet carrying a Binding Revocation Indication, the
   mobile node MUST validate the packet according to Section 6.2 and the
   following tests:

   o  The mobile node MUST verify that the IP address in the Type 2
      routing header is its Home Address and that its Binding Update
      List contains an entry for that Home Address.  If one of the tests
      fails, the mobile node SHOULD silently discard the received
      Binding Revocation Indication message.

   o  If mobile node Binding Update List contains an entry for the IP
      address in the Type 2 routing header of the received Binding
      Revocation Indication packet, the mobile node MUST accept the BRI
      message using Status code success.

   o  If the IPv4 HoA Binding Only (V) bit is set in the received BRI
      message, the mobile node MUST verify that there is an IPv4 Home
      Address option in the received Binding Revocation Indication and
      the IPv4 address included in the IPv4 Home Address option is the
      same as its IPv4 HoA that is assigned to the mobile node.  If this
      verification is successful, the mobile node MUST consider this
      Binding Revocation Indication as an indication to ONLY release the
      mobile node IPv4 HoA binding to its current Care-of Address.
      Consequently, the mobile node MUST continue to maintain its IPv6
      HoA binding to the current CoA as part of the mobile node binding
      in the BUL entry and release all resources associated with the MN
      IPv4 HoA binding.  In this case, the mobile node MUST accept the
      Binding Revocation Indication message using Status code success.
      On the other hand, if the IPv4 Home Address Option was NOT
      included in the received BRI with the (V) bit is set, the MN MUST
      reject the BRI message with Status code "IPv4 Home Address Option
      Required".  Additionally, if the IPv4 HoA received in the IPv4
      Home Address Option is NOT the one assigned to the mobile node,
      the mobile node SHOULD reject the Binding Revocation Indication
      with Status code "Binding Does NOT Exist".




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   o  The mobile node MUST verify that the (P) bit in the Binding
      Revocation Indication is NOT set.  If the (P) bit is set, the
      mobile node MUST reject the Binding Revocation Indication using
      Status code "Proxy Binding Revocation NOT Supported".

   o  If the mobile node has registered multiple care-of addresses with
      its home agent, the mobile node MUST verify which binding is being
      revoked by examining the content of the Binding Revocation
      Indication message.  If the mobile node received a Binding
      Revocation Indication with a single or more than one BID options
      and its home address is included in the Type 2 routing header, the
      mobile node MUST consider all of the care-of address(es)
      binding(s), identified in the BID options, with this home address
      as being revoked.  In this case, if the BRI validation is
      successful, the mobile node MUST accept the Binding Revocation
      Indication message with Status code success.

   o  If the mobile node has multiple Care-of Address bindings with its
      home agent and received a Binding Revocation Indication, without
      any BID option included and its home address was included in the
      Type 2 routing header, the mobile node MUST consider all of its
      registered care-of addresses bindings with this home address as
      being revoked.  If the mobile node validates the BRI successfully,
      the mobile node MUST accept the Binding Revocation Indication
      message with Status code success.

   If the mobile node accepts or rejects the Binding Revocation
   Indication message, the mobile node MUST follow Section 6.1 and
   Section 6.1.2 to send a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message to
   the home agent.  Note that anytime the MN does not send a Binding
   Revocation Acknowledgement to a BRI, the initiator is likely to
   retransmit the BRI at least one time.  This causes additional load on
   the initiator who sends the retransmissions, as well as on the MN
   that will receive and process them.


   The Revocation Trigger field value in the received Binding Revocation
   Indication could be used by the mobile node to define what action the
   mobile node could do to be able to register again and receive its IP
   mobility service, e.g., contacting its home operator.


11.  Protocol Configuration Variables

   Any mobility entity which is allowed to invoke the binding revocation
   procedure by sending a Binding Revocation Indication message SHOULD
   allow the following variables to be configured.




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   BRI Maximum Number of Retries (BRIMaxRetriesNumber)

      This variable specifies the maximum Number of times a mobility
      entity can retransmit a Binding Revocation Indication message
      before receiving a Binding Revocation Acknowledgement message.
      The default value for this parameter is 1.

   Initial Minimum Delay Between BRI messages (InitMINDelayBRIs)

      This variable specifies the initial delay timeout in seconds
      before the revoking mobility entity retransmits a BRI message.
      The default is 1 second but not less than 0.5 seconds.

   Maximum BRA TIMEOUT (MAX_BRACK_TIMEOUT)

      This variable specifies the maximum delay timeout in seconds
      before the revoking mobility entity retransmits a BRI message.
      The default is 2 seconds.


12.  IANA Considerations

   This specification defines a new Binding Revocation Message using a
   new Mobility Header Type <IANA-TBD>, as described in Section 5.  The
   new Mobility Header type value needs to be assigned from the same
   numbering space as allocated for the other Mobility Header types
   registry.

   This document also creates a new registry "Binding Revocation Type"
   which indicates the type of the binding revocation message.  The
   current binding revocation message types are described in Section 5.1
   and Section 5.2, and are the following:

       0  Reserved
       1  Binding Revocation Indication
       2  Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
       All other values are reserved


   Future values of the Binding Revocation Type can be allocated using
   Standards Action or IESG Approval [RFC5226].

   In addition, this document also creates a second new registry for the
   Revocation Trigger which indicates the reason behind sending the
   Binding Revocation Indication message.  The current Revocation
   Trigger values are described in Section 5.1, and are the following:

   Per-MN Revocation Trigger Values:



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       0  Unspecified
       1  Administrative Reason
       2  Inter-MAG Handover - same Access Type
       3  Inter-MAG Handover - different Access Type
       4  Inter-MAG Handover - Unknown
       5  User Initiated Session(s) Termination
       6  Access Network Session(s) Termination
       7  Possible Out-of Sync BCE State

   Global Revocation Trigger Values:
       128  Per-Peer Policy
       129  Revoking Mobility Node Local Policy

   Reserved Revocation Trigger Values:
       250-255 Reserved For Testing Purposes only
       All other values are Reserved

   Future values of the Revocation Trigger can be allocated using
   Standards Action or IESG Approval [RFC5226].

   Furthermore, this document creates a third new registry "Status Code"
   for the Status field in the Binding Revocation Acknowledgement
   message.  The current values are described in Section 5.2, and are
   the following:

       0  success
       1  partial success
       128  Binding Does NOT Exist
       129  IPv4 Home Address Option Required
       130  Global Revocation NOT Authorized
       131  Revoked Mobile Nodes Identity Required
       132  Revocation Failed - MN is Attached
       133  Revocation Trigger NOT Supported
       134  Revocation Function NOT Supported
       135  Proxy Binding Revocation NOT Supported

   Future values of the Status field can be allocated using Standards
   Action or IESG Approval [RFC5226].

   All fields labeled "Reserved" are only to be assigned through
   Standards Action or IESG Approval.


13.  Security Considerations

   This specification allows the mobility node which initiates the
   binding revocation procedure to revoke mobility session(s) that is
   currently registered with it.  It is NOT allowed for any mobility



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   node to revoke a mobile node mobility session that is not registered
   with this mobility node.

   The binding revocation protocol described in this specification uses
   the same security association between the mobile node and the home
   agent or the mobile access gateway and the local mobility anchor that
   is being used to exchange the MIPv6 or PMIPv6 Binding Update and
   Binding Acknowledgement signaling.  If IPsec is used, the traffic
   selectors associated with the SPD entry protecting the Binding Update
   and Binding Acknowledgement MUST be extended to include Binding
   Revocation Message MH type <IANA-TBD>.  Extending the traffic
   selectors of the SPD entry in order to reuse the SA protecting the
   Binding Update and Binding Acknowledgement (instead of creating new
   ones) ensures that those SA will be up and running when the revoking
   entity needs to send a binding revocation signaling message.

   On the other hand, if IPsec is not used as the underlying security
   mechanism to protect the Mobile IPv6 and its extensions binding
   registration signaling, the used underlying security mechanism MUST
   provide protection against all identified security threats as
   described under Security Considerations in [RFC3775] and [RFC5213].

   Since some mobility entities, e.g., local mobility anchor and mobile
   access gateway, are allowed to send and receive Binding Revocation
   Indication and Binding Revocation Acknowledgement for different
   cases, therefore, when IPsec is used to secure signaling between the
   local mobility anchor and mobile access gateway, it prevents any of
   them from processing a Binding Revocation Message that was not
   constructed by an authorized party.

   The Proxy Mobile IPv6 [RFC5213] requires the local mobility anchor to
   restrict the creation and manipulation of proxy bindings to
   specifically authorized mobile access gateways.  Therefore, the
   mobile access gateway which is authorized to create or manipulate the
   mobile node proxy BCE is also authorized to revoke such mobile node
   registration by sending a de-registration with lifetime of zero.
   However, since bulk termination using Binding Revocation Indication
   with the Global (G) bit set and the Revocation Trigger field set to
   "Per-Peer Policy" impacts all mobility sessions that are registered
   with the mobile access gateway and its local mobility anchor peer,
   the local mobility anchor MUST be locally configurable to authorize
   such specific functionality.  Additional mechanisms, such as a policy
   store or Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) may be
   employed, but these are outside the scope of this specification.







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14.  Acknowledgements

   The authors would like to thank Ryuji Wakikawa, Bruno Mongazon-
   Cazavet, Domagoj Premec, Arnaud Ebalard, Patrick Stupar, Vijay
   Devarapalli, and Joel Hortelius for their review and comments of this
   draft and all colleagues who have supported the advancement of this
   draft effort.

   Also, we would like to thank Jari Arkko, Ben Campbell, Pasi Eronen,
   Ralph Droms, Alexey Melnikov, Tim Polk, Adrian Farrel and Robert
   Sparks for their reviews of this document as part of the IESG review
   process.


15.  References

15.1.  Normative References

   [RFC2119]  Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
              Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC5226]  Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
              IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226,
              May 2008.

   [RFC3775]  Johnson, D., Perkins, C., and J. Arkko, "Mobility Support
              in IPv6", RFC 3775, June 2004.

   [RFC4283]  Patel, A., Leung, K., Khalil, M., Akhtar, H., and K.
              Chowdhury, "Mobile Node Identifier Option for Mobile IPv6
              (MIPv6)", RFC 4283, November 2005.

   [RFC5213]  Gundavelli, S., Leung, K., Devarapalli, V., Chowdhury, K.,
              and B. Patil, "Proxy Mobile IPv6", RFC 5213, August 2008.

   [ID-PMIP6-IPv4]
              Wakikawa, R. and S. Gundavelli, "IPv4 Support for Proxy
              Mobile IPv6", draft-ietf-netlmm-pmip6-ipv4-support-17
              (work in progress), September 2009.

   [ID-MCoA]  Wakikawa, R., Devarapalli, V., Ernst, T., and K. Nagami,
              "Multiple Care-of Addresses Registration",
              draft-ietf-monami6-multiplecoa-14 (work in progress),
              May 2009.

   [RFC5555]  Soliman, H., "Mobile IPv6 Support for Dual Stack Hosts and
              Routers", RFC 5555, June 2009.




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15.2.  Informative References

   [RFC3344]  Perkins, C., "IP Mobility Support for IPv4", RFC 3344,
              August 2002.

   [RFC3543]  Glass, S. and M. Chandra, "Registration Revocation in
              Mobile IPv4", RFC 3543, August 2003.


Authors' Addresses

   Ahmad Muhanna
   Nortel
   2221 Lakeside Blvd.
   Richardson, TX  75082
   USA

   Email: amuhanna@nortel.com


   Mohamed Khalil
   Nortel
   2221 Lakeside Blvd.
   Richardson, TX  75082
   USA

   Email: mkhalil@nortel.com


   Sri Gundavelli
   Cisco Systems
   170 West Tasman Drive
   San Jose, CA  95134
   USA

   Email: sgundave@cisco.com


   Kuntal Chowdhury
   Starent Networks
   30 International Place
   Tewksbury, MA  01876
   USA

   Email: kchowdhury@starentnetworks.com






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   Parviz Yegani
   Juniper Networks
   1194 North Mathilda Avenue
   Sunnyvale, CA  94089
   USA

   Email: pyegani@juniper.net












































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