Internet Draft T. Freeman
draft-ietf-pkix-scvp-24.txt Microsoft Corp
May 2006 R. Housley
Expires in six months Vigil Security
A. Malpani
Malpani Consulting Services
D. Cooper
NIST
T. Polk
NIST
Server-based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP)
Status of this Memo
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Copyright Notice
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006).
Abstract
SCVP allows a client to delegate certificate path construction and
certificate path validation to a server. The path construction or
validation (e.g. making sure that none of the certificates in the
path are revoked) is performed according to a validation policy,
which contains one or more trust anchors. It allows simplification
of client implementations and use of a set of predefined validation
policies.
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Table of Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 SCVP overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 SCVP Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Validation Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 Validation Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.6 Validation Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2 Protocol Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Validation Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1 cvRequestVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2 query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.2.1 queriedCerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.2.2 checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.2.3 wantBack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
3.2.4 validationPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.2.4.1 validationPolRef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3.2.4.1.1 Default Validation Policy . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2.4.2 validationAlg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.2.4.2.1 Basic Validation Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 22
3.2.4.2.2 Basic Validation Algorithm Errors . . . . . . 23
3.2.4.2.3 Name Validation Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.2.4.2.4 Name Validation Algorithm Errors . . . . . . . 25
3.2.4.3 userPolicySet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.4.4 inhibitPolicyMapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.4.5 requireExplicitPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.4.6 inhibitAnyPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.2.4.7 trustAnchors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.4.8 keyUsages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.2.4.9 extendedKeyUsages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.5 responseFlags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.2.5.1 fullRequestInResponse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.5.2 responseValidationPolByRef . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.5.3 protectResponse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.5.4 cachedResponse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.6 serverContextInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
3.2.7 validationTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
3.2.8 intermediateCerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.9 revInfos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.2.10 producedAt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
3.2.11 queryExtensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.11.1 extnID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.11.2 critical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.2.11.3 extnValue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.3 requestorRef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
3.4 requestNonce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
3.5 requestorName . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
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3.6 responderName . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.7 requestExtensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.7.1 extnID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.7.2 critical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
3.7.3 extnValue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.8 signatureAlg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.9 hashAlg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
3.10 RequestorText . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
3.11 SCVP Request Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4 Validation Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.1 cvResponseVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.2 serverConfigurationID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.3 producedAt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.4 responseStatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.5 respValidationPolicy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.6 requestRef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.6.1 requestHash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.6.2 fullRequest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.7 requestorRef . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.8 requestorName . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.9 replyObjects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
4.9.1 cert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.9.2 replyStatus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.9.3 replyValTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.9.4 replyChecks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
4.9.5 replyWantBacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
4.9.6 validationErrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.9.7 nextUpdate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.9.8 certReplyExtensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.10 respNonce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.11 serverContextInfo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.12 cvResponseExtensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
4.13 RequestorText . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.14 SCVP Response Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.14.1 Simple Key Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.14.2 SCVP Server Certificate Validation . . . . . . . . . 57
5 Server Policy Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5.1 vpRequestVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
5.2 requestNonce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
6 Validation Policy Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
6.1 vpResponseVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
6.2 maxCVRequestVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6.3 maxVPRequestVersion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6.4 serverConfigurationID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6.5 thisUpdate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6.6 nextUpdate and requestNonce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
6.7 validationPolicies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
6.8 validationAlgs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
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6.9 authPolicies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
6.10 responseTypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
6.11 revocationInfoTypes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
6.12 defaultPolicyValues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
6.13 signatureGeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
6.14 signatureVerification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
6.15 hashAlgorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
6.16 serverPublicKeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
6.17 clockSkew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
7 SCVP Server Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
8 SCVP ASN.1 Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
9 Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
10 IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
11 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
11.1 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
11.2 Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
12 Intellectual Property Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
13 Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
14 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Appendix A -- MIME Registrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
A.1 application/cv-request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
A.2 application/cv-response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
A.3 application/vp-request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
A.4 application/vp-response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Appendix B -- SCVP over HTTP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
B.1 SCVP Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
B.2 SCVP Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
B.3 SCVP Policy Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
B.4 SCVP Policy Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
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1 Introduction
Certificate validation is complex. If certificate handling is to be
widely deployed in a variety of applications and environments, the
amount of processing an application needs to perform before it can
accept a certificate needs to be reduced. There are a variety of
applications that can make use of public key certificates, but these
applications are burdened with the overhead of constructing and
validating the certification paths. SCVP reduces this overhead for
two classes of certificate-using applications.
The first class of applications wants just two things: confirmation
that the public key belongs to the identity named in the certificate
and confirmation that the public key can be used for the intended
purpose. Such clients can completely delegate certification path
construction and validation to the SCVP server. This is often
referred to as delegated path validation (DPV).
The second class of applications can perform certification path
validation, but they lack a reliable or efficient method of
constructing a valid certification path. Such clients delegate
certification path construction to the SCVP server, but not
validation of the returned certification path. This is often
referred to as delegated path discovery (DPD).
1.1 Terminology
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [STDWORDS].
1.2 SCVP overview
The primary goals of SCVP are to make it easier to deploy PKI-
enabled applications by delegating path discovery and/or validation
processing to a server, and to allow central administration of
validation policies within an organization. SCVP can be used by
clients that do much of the certificate processing themselves but
simply want an untrusted server to collect information for them.
However, when the client has complete trust in the SCVP server, SCVP
can be used to delegate the work of certification path construction
and validation, and SCVP can be used to ensure that policies are
consistently enforced throughout an organization.
Untrusted SCVP servers can provide clients the certification paths.
They can also provide clients the revocation information, such as
CRLs and OCSP responses, that the clients need to validate the
certification paths constructed by the SCVP server. These services
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can be valuable to clients that do not include the protocols needed
to find and download intermediate certificates, CRLs, and OCSP
responses.
Trusted SCVP servers can perform certification path construction and
validation for the client. For a client that uses these services,
the client inherently trusts the SCVP server as much as it would its
own certification path validation software (if it contained such
software). There are two main reasons that a client may want to
trust such an SCVP server:
1. The client does not want to incur the overhead of including
certification path validation software and running it for each
certificate it receives.
2. The client is in an organization or community that wants to
centralize management of validation policies. These policies
might dictate that particular trust anchors are to be used and
the types of policy checking that are to be performed during
certification path validation.
1.3 SCVP Requirements
SCVP meets the mandatory requirements documented in [RQMTS] for DPV
and DPD. When SCVP is used to support DPD, the same response is
returned when a path is constructed, but some or all of the
revocation information is unavailable.
Note that RFC 3379 states the following requirement:
"The DPD response MUST indicate one of the following status
alternatives:
1) one or more certification paths was found according to the
path discovery policy, with all of the requested revocation
information present.
2) one or more certification paths was found according to the
path discovery policy, with a subset of the requested
revocation information present.
3) one or more certification paths was found according to the
path discovery policy, with none of the requested revocation
information present.
4) no certification path was found according to the path
discovery policy.
5) path construction could not be performed due to an error."
DPD responses constructed by SCVP servers do not differentiate
between states 2) and 3). This property was discussed on list and
determined to be conformant with the intent of [RQMTS].
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1.4 Validation Policies
A validation policy (as defined in RFC 3379 [RQMTS]) specifies the
rules and parameters to be used by the SCVP server when validating a
certificate. In SCVP, the validation policy to be used by the
server can either be fully referenced in the request by the client
(and thus no additional parameters are necessary) or it can be
referenced in the request by the client with additional parameters.
Policy definitions can be quite long and complex, and some policies
may allow for the setting of a few parameters. The request can
therefore be very simple if an OBJECT IDENTIFIER (OID) is used to
specify both the algorithm to be used and all the associated
parameters of the validation policy. The request can be more
complex if the validation policy fixes many of the parameters but
allows the client to specify some of them. When the validation
policy defines every parameter necessary, an SCVP request needs only
to contain the certificate to be validated, the referenced
validation policy, and any run-time parameters for the request.
A server publishes the references of the validation policies it
supports. When these policies have parameters that may be
overridden, the server communicates the default values for these
parameters as well. The client can simplify the request by omitting
a parameter from a request if the default value published by the
server for a given validation policy reference is acceptable.
However, if there is a desire to demonstrate to someone else that a
specific validation policy with all its parameters has been used,
the client will need to ask the server for the inclusion of the full
validation policy with all the parameters in the response.
The inputs to the basic certification path processing algorithm used
by SCVP are defined by [PKIX-1] in section 6.1.1 and comprise:
Certificate to be validated (by value or by reference);
Validation time;
The initial policy set;
Initial inhibit policy mapping setting;
Initial inhibit anyPolicy setting; and
Initial require explicit policy setting.
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The basic certification path processing algorithm also supports
specification of one or more Trust Anchors (by value or reference)
as an input. Where the client demands a certification originating
with a specific CA, a single Trust Anchor is specified. Where the
client is willing to accept paths beginning with any of several CAs,
a set of Trust anchors is specified.
The basic certification path processing algorithm also supports the
following parameters, which are defined in [PKIX-1] section 4:
The usage of the key contained in the certificate (e.g., key
encipherment, key agreement, signature); and
Other application-specific purposes for which the certified public
key may be used.
1.5 Validation Algorithm
The validation algorithm is determined by agreement between the
client and the server and is represented as an OID. The algorithm
defines the checking that will be performed by the server to
determine whether the certificate is valid. A validation algorithm
is one of the parameters to a validation policy. SCVP defines a
basic validation algorithm that implements the basic path validation
algorithm as defined in [PKIX-1], and permits the client to request
additional information about the certificate to be validated. New
validation algorithms can be specified that define additional checks
if needed. These new validation algorithms may specify additional
parameters. The values for these parameters may be defined by any
validation policy that uses the algorithm or may be included by the
client in the request.
Application-specific validation algorithms in addition to those
defined in this document can be defined to meet specific
requirements not covered by the basic validation algorithm. The
validation algorithms documented here should serve as a guide for
the development of further application-specific validation
algorithms. For example, a new application-specific validation
algorithm might require the presence of a particular name form in
the subject alternative name extension of the certificate.
1.6 Validation Requirements
For a certification path to be considered valid under a particular
validation policy it MUST be a valid certification path as defined
in [PKIX-1] and all validation policy constraints that apply to the
certification path MUST be verified.
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Revocation checking is one aspect of certification path validation
defined in [PKIX-1]. However, revocation checking is an optional
feature in [PKIX-1], and revocation information is distributed in
multiple formats. Clients specify in requests whether revocation
checking should be performed and whether revocation information
should be returned in the response.
Servers MUST be capable of indicating the sources of revocation
information that they are capable of processing:
1. full CRLs (or full Authority Revocation Lists);
2. OCSP responses, using [OCSP];
3. delta CRLs; and
4. indirect CRLs.
2 Protocol Overview
SCVP uses a simple request-response model. That is, the SCVP client
creates a request and sends it to the SCVP server, and then the SCVP
server creates a single response and sends it to the client. The
typical use of SCVP is expected to be over HTTP [HTTP], but it can
also be used with email or any other protocol that can transport
digitally signed objects. Appendices A and B provide the details
necessary to use SCVP with HTTP.
SCVP includes two request-response pairs. The primary request-
response pair handles certificate validation. The secondary
request-response pair is used to determine the list of validation
policies and default parameters supported by a specific SCVP server.
Section 3 defines the certificate validation request.
Section 4 defines the corresponding certificate validation response.
Section 5 defines the validation policies request.
Section 6 defines the corresponding validation policies response.
Appendix A registers MIME types for SCVP requests and responses, and
Appendix B describes the use of these MIME types with HTTP.
3 Validation Request
An SCVP client request to the server MUST be a single CVRequest
item. When a CVRequest is encapsulated in a MIME body part,
application/cv-request MUST be used.
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There are two forms of SCVP request: unprotected and protected. A
protected request is used to authenticate the client to the server
or to provide anonymous client integrity over the request-response
pair. The protection is provided by a digital signature or message
authentication code (MAC). In the later case, the MAC key is
derived using a key agreement algorithm, such as Diffie-Hellman. If
the client's public key is contained in a certificate, then it may
be used to authenticate the client. More commonly, the client's key
agreement public key will be ephemeral, supporting anonymous client
integrity.
A server MAY require all requests to be protected, and a server MAY
discard all unprotected requests. Alternatively, a server MAY
choose to process unprotected requests.
The unprotected request consists of a CVRequest encapsulated in a
CMS ContentInfo [CMS]. An overview of this structure is provided
below and is only intended as illustrative. The definitive ASN.1 is
found in [CMS]. Many details are not shown, but the way that SCVP
makes use of CMS is clearly illustrated.
ContentInfo {
contentType id-ct-scvp-certValRequest,
-- (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.10)
content CVRequest }
The protected request consists of a CVRequest encapsulated in either
a SignedData or AuthenticatedData, which is in turn encapsulated in
a ContentInfo. That is, the EncapsulatedContentInfo field of either
SignedData or AuthenticatedData consists of an eContentType field
with a value of id-ct-scvp-certValRequest and an eContent field that
contains a DER encoded CVRequest. SignedData is used when the
request is digitally signed. AuthenticatedData is used with a
message authentication code (MAC).
All SCVP clients MUST support SignedData for signed requests and
responses. SCVP clients SHOULD support AuthenticatedData for MAC
protected requests and responses.
If the client uses SignedData it MUST have a public key that has
been bound to a subject identity by a certificate that conforms to
the PKIX profile [PKIX-1] and that certificate MUST be suitable for
signing the SCVP request. That is:
1. If the key usage extension is present, either the digital
signature or the non-repudiation bit MUST be asserted.
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2. If the extended key usage extension is present, it MUST
contain either the SCVP client OID (see Section 3.10) or
another OID acceptable to the SCVP server.
The client MUST put an unambiguous reference to its certificate in
the SignedData that encapsulates the request. The client SHOULD
include its certificate in the request, but MAY omit the certificate
to reduce the size of the request. The client MAY include other
certificates in the request to aid the validation of its
certificates by the SCVP server. The signerInfos field of
SignedData MUST include exactly one SignerInfo. The SignedData MUST
NOT include the unsignedAttrs field.
The client MUST put its key agreement public key or an unambiguous
reference to a certificate that contains its key agreement public
key in the AuthenticatedData that encapsulates the request. If an
ephemeral key agreement key pair is used, then the ephemeral key
agreement public key is carried in the originatorKey field of
KeyAgreeRecipientInfo, which requires the client to obtain the
server's key agreement public key before computing the message
authentication code (MAC). The recipientInfos field of
AuthenticatedData MUST include exactly one RecipientInfo, which
contains information for the SCVP server. The AuthenticatedData
MUST NOT include the unauthAttrs field.
The syntax and semantics for SignedData, AuthenticatedData, and
ContentInfo are defined in [CMS]. The syntax and semantics for
CVRequest are defined below. The CVRequest item contains the client
request. The CVRequest contains the cvRequestVersion and query
items; the CVRequest MAY also contain the requestorRef,
requestNonce, requestorName, responderName, requestExtensions,
signatureAlg, and hashAlg items.
The CVRequest MUST have the following syntax:
CVRequest ::= SEQUENCE {
cvRequestVersion INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
query Query,
requestorRef [0] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
requestNonce [1] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
requestorName [2] GeneralName OPTIONAL,
responderName [3] GeneralName OPTIONAL,
requestExtensions [4] Extensions OPTIONAL,
signatureAlg [5] AlgorithmIdentifier OPTIONAL,
hashAlg [6] OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
requestorText [7] UTF8String (SIZE (1..256)) OPTIONAL }
Conforming clients MUST be able to construct requests with
cvRequestVersion and query. Conforming clients MUST DER-encode the
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CVRequest in both protected and unprotected messages to facilitate
unambiguous hash-based referencing in the corresponding response
message. SCVP clients that insist on creation of a fresh response
(e.g., to protect against a replay attack or ensure information is
up to date) MUST support requestNonce. Support for the remaining
items is optional in client implementations.
Conforming servers MUST be able to parse CVRequests that contain any
or all of the optional items.
Each of the items within the CVRequest is described in the following
sections.
3.1 cvRequestVersion
The cvRequestVersion item defines the version of the SCVP CVRequest
used in a request. The subsequent response MUST use the same
version number. The value of the cvRequestVersion item MUST be one
(1) for a client implementing this specification. Future updates to
this specification must specify other values if there are any
changes to syntax or semantics.
SCVP clients MUST support asserting this value and SCVP servers must
be capable of processing this value.
3.2 query
The query item specifies one or more certificates that are the
subject of the request; the certificates can be either public key
certificates [PKIX-1] or attribute certificates [PKIX-AC]. A query
MUST contain a queriedCerts item as well as one checks, and one
validationPolicy item; a query MAY also contain wantback,
responseFlags, serverContextInfo, validationTime, intermediateCerts,
revInfos, producedAt, and queryExtensions items.
Query MUST have the following syntax:
Query ::= SEQUENCE {
queriedCerts CertReferences,
checks CertChecks,
wantBack [1] WantBack OPTIONAL,
validationPolicy ValidationPolicy,
responseFlags ResponseFlags OPTIONAL,
serverContextInfo [2] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
validationTime [3] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
intermediateCerts [4] CertBundle OPTIONAL,
revInfos [5] RevocationInfos OPTIONAL,
producedAt [6] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
queryExtensions [7] Extensions OPTIONAL }
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The list of certificate references in the queriedCerts item tells
the server the certificate(s) for which the client wants
information. The checks item specifies the checking that the client
wants performed. The wantBack item specifies the objects that the
client wants the server to return in the response. The
validationPolicy item specifies the validation policy that the
client wants the server to employ. The responseFlags item allows
the client to request optional features for the response. The
serverContextInfo item tells the server that additional information
from a previous request-response is desired. The validationTime
item tells the date and time relative to which the client wants the
server to perform the checks. The intermediateCerts and revInfos
items provide context for the client request. The queryExtensions
item provides for future expansion of the query syntax. The syntax
and semantics of each of these items is discussed in the following
sections.
Conforming clients MUST be able to construct a Query with a
queriedCerts item that specifies at least one certificate, checks,
and validationPolicy. Conforming SCVP clients MAY support
specification of multiple certificates and MAY support the optional
items in the Query structure.
SCVP clients that support delegated path discovery (DPD) as defined
in [RQMTS] MUST support wantBack and responseFlags. SCVP clients
that insist on creation of a fresh response (e.g., to protect
against a replay attack or ensure information is up to date) MUST
support responseFlags.
Conforming servers MUST be able to process a Query that contains any
of the optional items, and MUST be able to process a Query that
specifies multiple certificates.
3.2.1 queriedCerts
The queriedCerts item is a SEQUENCE of one or more certificates,
each of which is a subject of the request. The specified
certificates are either public key certificates or attribute
certificates; if more than one certificate is specified, all must be
of the same type. Each certificate is either directly included or
it is referenced. When referenced, a hash value of the referenced
item is included to ensure that the SCVP client and the SCVP server
both obtain the same certificate when the referenced certificate is
fetched. Certificate references use the CertID type, which is
described below. A single request MAY contain both directly
included and referenced certificates.
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CertReferences has the following syntax:
CertReferences ::= CHOICE {
pkcRefs [0] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF PKCReference,
acRefs [1] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF ACReference }
PKCReference ::= CHOICE {
cert [0] Certificate,
pkcRef [1] CertID }
ACReference ::= CHOICE {
attrCert [2] AttributeCertificate,
acRef [3] CertID }
CertID ::= SEQUENCE {
certHash OCTET STRING,
issuerSerial IssuerSerial,
hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier DEFAULT { sha-1 } }
The ASN.1 definition of Certificate is imported from [PKIX-1] and
the definition of AttributeCertificate is imported from [PKIX-AC].
When creating a CertID, the certHash is computed over the entire DER
encoded certificate including the signature. The hash algorithm
used to compute certHash is specified in hashAlgorithm. The hash
algorithm used to compute certHash SHOULD be one of the hash
algorithms specified in the hashAlgorithms item of the server's
validation policy response message.
When encoding IssuerSerial, serialNumber is the serial number that
uniquely identifies the certificate. For public key certificates,
the issuer MUST contain only the issuer name from the certificate
encoded in the directoryName choice of GeneralNames. For attribute
certificates, the issuer MUST contain the issuer name field from the
attribute certificate.
Conforming clients MUST be able to reference a certificate by direct
inclusion. Clients SHOULD be able to specify a certificate using
the CertID. Conforming clients MAY be able to reference multiple
certificates and MAY be able to reference both public key and
attribute certificates.
Conforming SCVP Server implementations MUST be able to process
CertReferences with multiple certificates. Conforming SCVP Server
implementations MUST be able to parse CertReferences that contain
either public key or attribute certificates. Conforming SCVP Server
implementations MUST be able to parse both the cert and pkcRef
choices in PKCReference. Conforming SCVP Server implementations
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that process attribute certificates MUST be able to parse both the
attrCert and acRef choices in ACReference.
3.2.2 checks
The checks item describes the checking that the SCVP client wants
the SCVP server to perform on the certificate(s) in the queriedCerts
item. The checks item contains a sequence of object identifiers
(OIDs). Each OID tells the SCVP server what checking the client
expects the server to perform. For each check specified in the
request, the SCVP server MUST perform the requested check, or return
an error. A server may choose to perform additional checks (e.g., a
server that is only asked to build a validated certification path
may choose to also perform revocation status checks), although the
server cannot indicate in the response that the additional checks
have been performed.
The checks item uses the CertChecks type, which has the following
syntax:
CertChecks ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER
For public key certificates, the following checks are defined:
- id-stc-build-pkc-path: Build a prospective certification path to
a trust anchor (as defined in section 6.1 of [PKIX-1]);
- id-stc-build-valid-pkc-path: Build a validated certification path
to a trust anchor (revocation checking not required);
- id-stc-build-status-checked-pkc-path: Build a validated
certification path to a trust anchor and perform revocation
status checks on the certification path.
Conforming SCVP server implementations that support delegated path
discovery (DPD) as defined in [RQMTS] MUST support the id-stc-build-
pkc-path check. Conforming SCVP server implementations that support
delegated path validation (DPV) as defined in [RQMTS] MUST support
the id-stc-build-valid-pkc-path and id-stc-build-status-checked-pkc-
path checks.
For attribute certificates, the following checks are defined:
- id-stc-build-aa-path: Build a prospective certification path to a
trust anchor for the AC issuer;
- id-stc-build-valid-aa-path: Build a validated certification path
to a trust anchor for the AC issuer;
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- id-stc-build-status-checked-aa-path: Build a validated
certification path to a trust anchor for the AC issuer and
perform revocation status checks on the certification path for
the AC issuer;
- id-stc-status-check-ac-and-build-status-checked-aa-path: Build a
validated certification path to a trust anchor for the AC
issuer and perform revocation status checks on the AC as well
as the certification path for the AC issuer.
Conforming SCVP server implementations MAY support the attribute
certificates checks.
For these purposes, the following OIDs are defined:
id-stc OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 17 }
id-stc-build-pkc-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 1 }
id-stc-build-valid-pkc-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 2 }
id-stc-build-status-checked-pkc-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 3 }
id-stc-build-aa-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 4 }
id-stc-build-valid-aa-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 5 }
id-stc-build-status-checked-aa-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 6 }
id-stc-status-check-ac-and-build-status-checked-aa-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 7 }
Conforming client implementations MUST be able to assert at least
one of the standard checks. Conforming clients MAY be able to
assert multiple checks. Conforming clients need not support all of
the checks defined in this section.
3.2.3 wantBack
The optional wantBack item describes any information the SCVP client
wants from the SCVP server for the certificate(s) in the
queriedCerts item in addition to the results of the checks specified
in certChecks. If present, the wantBack item MUST contain a
sequence of object identifiers (OIDs). Each OID tells the SCVP
server what the client wants to know about the queriedCerts item.
For each type of information specified in the request, the server
MUST return information regarding its finding (in a successful
response).
For example, a request might include a checks item that only
specifies certification path building and include a wantBack item
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that requests the return of the certification path built by the
server. In this case, the response would not include a status for
the validation of the certification path, but it would include a
certification path that the server considers to be valid. A client
that wants to perform its own certification path validation might
use a request of this form.
Alternatively, a request might include a checks item that requests
the server to build a certification path and validate it, including
revocation checking, and not include a wantBack item. In this case,
the response would include only a status for the validation of the
certification path. A client that completely delegates
certification path validation might use a request of this form.
The wantBack item uses the WantBack type, which has the following
syntax:
WantBack ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER
For public key certificates, the types of information that can be
requested are:
- id-swb-pkc-cert: The certificate that was the subject of the
request;
- id-swb-pkc-best-cert-path: The certification path built for the
certificate including the certificate that was validated;
- id-swb-pkc-revocation-info: Proof of revocation status for each
certificate in the certification path;
- id-swb-pkc-public-key-info: The public key from the certificate;
- id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths: A set of certification paths for the
certificate;
- id-swb-pkc-ee-revocation-info: Proof of revocation status for the
end entity certificate in the certification path; and
- id-swb-pkc-CAs-revocation-info: Proof of revocation status for
each CA certificate in the certification path.
All conforming SCVP server implementations MUST support the id-swb-
pkc-cert and id-swb-pkc-public-key-info wantBacks. Conforming SCVP
server implementations that support delegated path discovery (DPD)
as defined in [RQMTS] MUST support the id-swb-pkc-best-cert-path and
id-swb-pkc-revocation-info wantBacks.
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The SCVP protocol provides two methods for a client to obtain
multiple certification paths for a certificate. The client could
use serverContextInfo to request one path at a time (see section
3.2.6). After obtaining each path, the client could submit the
serverContextInfo from the previous request to obtain another path
until the client either found a suitable path or the server
indicated (by not returning a serverContextInfo) that no more paths
were available. Alternatively, the client could send a single
request with an id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths wantBack, in which case
the server would return all of the available paths in a single
response.
The server may, at its discretion, limit the number of paths that it
returns in response to the id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths. When the
request includes an id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths wantBack, the response
should not include a serverContextInfo.
For attribute certificates, the types of information that can be
requested are:
- id-swb-ac-cert: The attribute certificate that was the subject of
the request;
- id-swb-aa-cert-path: The certification path built for the AC
issuer certificate;
- id-swb-ac-revocation-info: Proof of revocation status for each
certificate in the AC issuer certification path; and
- id-swb-aa-revocation-info: Proof of revocation status for the
attribute certificate.
Conforming SCVP server implementations MAY support the attribute
certificate wantbacks.
The following wantBack can be used for either public key or
attribute certificates:
- id-swb-relayed-responses: Any SCVP responses received by the
server that were used to generate the response to this query.
Conforming SCVP servers MAY support the id-swb-relayed-responses
wantBack.
For these purposes, the following OIDs are defined:
id-swb OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 18 }
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id-swb-pkc-best-cert-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 1 }
id-swb-pkc-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 2 }
id-swb-pkc-public-key-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 4 }
id-swb-aa-cert-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 5 }
id-swb-aa-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 6 }
id-swb-ac-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 7 }
id-swb-relayed-responses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 9 }
id-swb-pkc-cert OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 10}
id-swb-ac-cert OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 11}
id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 12}
id-swb-pkc-ee-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 13}
id-swb-pkc-CAs-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 14}
Conforming client implementations that support delegated path
validation (DPV) as defined in [RQMTS] SHOULD be able to assert at
least one wantback. Conforming client implementations that support
delegated path discovery (DPD) as defined in [RQMTS] MUST be able to
assert at least one wantBack. Conforming clients MAY be able to
assert multiple wantbacks. Conforming clients need not support all
of the wantbacks defined in this section.
3.2.4 validationPolicy
The validationPolicy item defines the validation policy that the
client wants the SCVP server to use during certificate validation.
If this policy cannot be used for any reason, then the server MUST
return an error response.
A validation policy MUST define default values for all parameters
necessary for processing an SCVP request. For each parameter, a
validation policy may either allow the client to specify a non-
default value or forbid the use of a non-default value. If the
client wishes to use the default values for all of the parameters,
then the client need only supply a reference to the policy in this
item. If the client wishes to use non-default values for one or
more parameters, then the client supplies a reference to the policy
plus whatever parameters are necessary to complete the request in
this item. If there are any conflicts between the policy referenced
in the request and any supplied parameter values in the request,
then the server MUST return an error response.
The syntax of the validationPolicy item is:
ValidationPolicy ::= SEQUENCE {
validationPolRef ValidationPolRef,
validationAlg [0] ValidationAlg OPTIONAL,
userPolicySet [1] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT
IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
inhibitPolicyMapping [2] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
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requireExplicitPolicy [3] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
inhibitAnyPolicy [4] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
trustAnchors [5] TrustAnchors OPTIONAL,
keyUsages [6] SEQUENCE OF KeyUsage OPTIONAL,
extendedKeyUsages [7] SEQUENCE OF KeyPurposeId OPTIONAL }
The validationPolRef item is required, but the remaining items are
optional. The optional items are used to provide validation policy
parameters. When the client uses the validation policy's default
values for all parameters, all of the optional items are absent.
At a minimum, conforming SCVP client implementations MUST support
the ValidationPolRef item. Conforming client implementations MAY
support any or all of the optional items in ValidationPolicy.
Conforming SCVP servers MUST be able to process a ValidationPolicy
that contains any or all of the optional items.
The validationAlg item specifies the validation algorithm. The
userPolicySet item provides an acceptable set of certificate
policies. The inhibitPolicyMapping item inhibits certificate policy
mapping during certification path validation. The
requireExplicitPolicy item requires at least one valid certificate
policy in the certificate policies extension. The inhibitAnyPolicy
item indicates whether the anyPolicy certificate policy OID is
processed or ignored when evaluating certificate policy. The
trustAnchors item indicates the trust anchors that are acceptable to
the client. The keyUsages item indicates the technical usage of the
public key that is to be confirmed by the server as acceptable. The
extendedKeyUsages item indicates the application-specific usage of
the public key that is to be confirmed by the server as acceptable.
The syntax and semantics of each of these items is discussed in the
following sections.
3.2.4.1 validationPolRef
The reference to the validation policy is an OID that the client and
server have agreed represents a particular validation policy.
The syntax of the ValidationPolRef item is:
ValidationPolRef::= SEQUENCE {
valPolId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
valPolParams ANY DEFINED BY valPolId OPTIONAL }
Where a validation policy supports additional policy-specific
parameter settings, these values are specified using the
valPolParams item. The syntax and semantics of the parameters
structure is defined by the object identifier encoded as the
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valPolId. Where a validation policy has no parameters, such as the
default validation policy (see 3.2.4.1.1), this item MUST be
omitted.
Parameters specified in this item are independent of the validation
algorithm and the validation algorithm's parameters (see Section
3.2.4.2). For example, a server may support a validation policy
where it validates a certificate using the name validation algorithm
and also makes a determination regarding the creditworthiness of the
subject. In this case, the validation policy parameters could be
used to specify the value of the transaction. The validation
algorithm parameters are used to specify the application identifier
and name for the name validation algorithm.
Conforming SCVP client implementations MUST be able to specify a
validation policy. Conforming SCVP client implementations MAY be
able to specify parameters for a validation policy. Conforming SCVP
server implementations MUST be able to process valPolId and MAY be
able to process valPolParams.
3.2.4.1.1 Default Validation Policy
The client can request the SCVP server's default validation policy
or another validation policy. The default validation policy
corresponds to standard certification path processing as defined in
[PKIX-1] with server chosen default values (e.g., with a server
determined policy set and trust anchors). The default values can be
distributed out of band or using the policy request mechanism (see
Section 5). This mechanism permits the deployment of an SCVP server
without obtaining a new object identifier.
The object identifier that identifies the default validation policy
is:
id-svp OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 19 }
id-svp-defaultValPolicy OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 1 }
The default validation policy MUST use the basic validation
algorithm as its default validation algorithm (see section
3.2.4.2.1), and has no validation policy parameters (see section
3.2.4.1).
When using the default validation policy, the client can override
any of the default parameter values by supplying a specific value in
the request. The SCVP server MUST make use of the provided
parameter values or return an error response.
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Conforming implementations of SCVP servers MUST support the default
policy. However, an SCVP server may be configured to send an error
response to all requests using the default policy to meet local
security requirements.
3.2.4.2 validationAlg
The optional validationAlg item defines the validation algorithm to
be used by the SCVP server during certificate validation. The value
of this item can be determined by agreement between the client and
the server. The validation algorithm is represented by an object
identifier.
The syntax of the validationAlg is:
ValidationAlg ::= SEQUENCE {
valAlgId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
parameters ANY DEFINED BY valAlgId OPTIONAL }
The following section specifies the basic validation algorithm and
the name validation algorithm.
SCVP servers MUST recognize and support both validation algorithms
defined in this section. SCVP clients that support explicit
assertion of the validation algorithm MUST support the basic
validation algorithm and SHOULD support the name validation
algorithm. Other validation algorithms can be specified in other
documents for use with specific applications. SCVP clients and
servers MAY support any such validation algorithms.
3.2.4.2.1 Basic Validation Algorithm
The client can request use of the SCVP basic validation algorithm or
another algorithm. For identity certificates, the basic validation
algorithm MUST implement the certification path validation algorithm
as defined in section 6 of [PKIX-1]. For attribute certificates,
the basic validation algorithm MUST implement certificate path
validation as defined in section 5 of [PKIX-AC]. Other validation
algorithms MAY implement functions over and above those in the basic
algorithm, but validation algorithms MUST generate results compliant
with the basic validation algorithm. That is, none of the
validation requirements in the basic algorithm may be omitted from
any newly defined validation algorithms. However, other validation
algorithms MAY reject paths that are valid using the basic
validation algorithm. The object identifier to identify the basic
validation algorithm is:
id-svp-basicValAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 3 }
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When id-svp-basicValAlg appears in valAlgId, the parameters item
MUST be absent.
3.2.4.2.2 Basic Validation Algorithm Errors
The following errors are defined for the basic validation algorithm
for inclusion in the validationErrors item in the response (see
section 4.9.6). These errors can be used by any other validation
algorithm since all validation algorithms MUST implement the
functionality of the basic validation algorithm.
id-bvae OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= id-svp-basicValAlg
id-bvae-expired OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 1 }
id-bvae-not-yet-valid OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 2 }
id-bvae-wrongTrustAnchor OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 3 }
id-bvae-noValidCertPath OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 4 }
id-bvae-revoked OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 5 }
id-bvae-invalidKeyPurpose OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 9 }
id-bvae-invalidKeyUsage OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 10 }
id-bvae-invalidCertPolicy OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 11 }
The id-bvae-expired value means that the validation time used for
the request was later than the notAfter time in the end certificate
(the certificate specified in the queriedCerts item).
The id-bvae-not-yet-valid value means that the validation time used
for the request was before the notBefore time in the end
certificate.
The id-bvae-wrongTrustAnchor value means that a certification path
could not be constructed for the client specified trust anchor(s),
but a path exists for one of the trust anchors specified in the
server's default validation policy.
The id-bvae-invalidKeyUsage value means that the keyUsage extension
(PKIX-1 section 4.2.1.3) in the end certificate does not satisfy the
validation policy. For example, the keyUsage extension in the
certificate may assert only the keyEncipherment bit, but the
validation policy specifies in the keyUsages item that
digitalSignature is required.
The id-bvae-invalidCertPolicy value means that the path is not valid
under any of the policies specified in the user policy set and
explicit policies are required. That is, the valid_policy_tree is
NULL and the explicit_policy variable is zero (PKIX-1 section
6.1.5).
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The id-bvae-invalidKeyPurpose value means that the extended key
usage extension (PKIX-1 section 4.2.1.13) in the end certificate
does not satisfy the validation policy.
The id-bvae-revoked value means that the end certificate was
revoked.
3.2.4.2.3 Name Validation Algorithm
The name validation algorithm allows the client to specify one or
more subject names that MUST appear in the end certificate in
addition to the requirements specified for the basic validation
algorithm. The name validation algorithm allows the client to
supply an application identifier and a name to the server. The
application identifier defines the name matching rules to use in
comparing the name supplied in the request with the names in the
certificate.
id-svp-nameValAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 2 }
When the id-svp-nameValAlg appears as a valAlgId, the parameters
MUST use the NameValidationAlgParms syntax:
NameValidationAlgParms ::= SEQUENCE {
nameCompAlgId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
validationNames GeneralNames }
GeneralNames is defined in [PKIX-1].
If more than one name is supplied in the validationNames value, all
names MUST be of the same type. The certificate must contain a
matching name for each of the names supplied in validationNames
according to the name matching rules associated with the
nameCompAlgId. This specification defines three sets of name
matching rules.
If the nameCompAlgId supplied in the request is id-nva-dnCompAlg,
then GeneralNames supplied in the request MUST be a directoryName,
and the matching rules to be used are defined in [PKIX-1]. The
certificate must contain a matching name in either the subject field
or a directoryName in the subjectAltName extension. This
specification defines the OID for id-nva-dnCompAlg as follows:
id-nva-dnCompAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 4 }
If the nameCompAlgId supplied in the request is id-kp-serverAuth
[PKIX-1], then GeneralNames supplied in the request MUST be a
dNSName, and the matching rules to be used are defined in [HTTP-
TLS].
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If the nameCompAlgId supplied in the request is id-kp-mailProtection
[PKIX-1], then GeneralNames supplied in the request MUST be an
rfc822Name, and the matching rules are defined in [SMIME-CERT].
Conforming SCVP servers MUST support the name validation algorithm
and the matching rules associated with id-nva-dnCompAlg, id-kp-
serverAuth, id-kp-mailProtection. SCVP server MAY support other
name matching rules.
3.2.4.2.4 Name Validation Algorithm Errors
The following errors are defined for the Name Validation Algorithm:
id-nvae OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= id-svp-nameValAlg
id-nvae-name-mismatch OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 1 }
id-nvae-no-name OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 2 }
id-nvae-unknown-alg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 3 }
id-nvae-bad-name OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 4 }
id-nvae-bad-name-type OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 5 }
id-nvae-mixed-names OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 6 }
The id-nvae-name-mismatch value means the client supplied a name
with the request, which the server recognized and the server found a
corresponding name type in the certificate, but was unable to find a
match to the name supplied. For example, the client supplied a DNS
name of example1.com, the certificate contained a DNS name of
example.com.
The id-nvae-no-name value means the client supplied a name with the
request, which the server recognized, but the server could not find
the corresponding name type in the certificate. For example, the
client supplied a DNS name of example1.com, the certificate only
contained a rfc822Name of user@example.com.
The id-nvae-unknown-alg value means the client supplied a
nameCompAlgId which the server does not recognize.
The id-nvae-bad-name value means the client supplied either an empty
or malformed name in the request.
The id-nvae-bad-name-type value means the client supplied an
inappropriate name type for the application identifier. For
example, the client specified a nameCompAlgId of id-kp-serverAuth,
and an rfc822Name of user@example.com.
The id-nvae-mixed-names value means the client supplied multiple
names in the request of different types.
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3.2.4.3 userPolicySet
The userPolicySet item specifies a list of certificate policy
identifiers that the SCVP server MUST use when constructing and
validating a certification path. The userPolicySet item specifies
the user-initial-policy-set as defined in Section 6 of [PKIX-1]. A
userPolicySet containing the anyPolicy OID indicates a user-initial-
policy-set of any-policy.
SCVP clients SHOULD support userPolicySet item in requests, and SCVP
servers MUST support userPolicySet item in requests.
3.2.4.4 inhibitPolicyMapping
The inihibitPolicyMapping item specifies an input to the
certification path validation algorithm, and it controls whether
policy mapping is allowed during certification path validation (see
[PKIX-1], section 6.1.1). If the client wants the server to inhibit
policy mapping, inhibitPolicyMapping is set to TRUE in the request.
SCVP clients MAY support inhibiting policy mapping. SCVP servers
SHOULD support inhibiting policy mapping.
3.2.4.5 requireExplicitPolicy
The requireExplicitPolicy item specifies an input to the
certification path validation algorithm, and it controls whether
there must be at least one valid policy in the certificate policies
extension (see [PKIX-1], section 6.1.1). If the client wants the
server to require at least one policy, requireExplicitPolicy is set
to TRUE in the request.
SCVP clients MAY support requiring explicit policies. SCVP servers
SHOULD support requiring explicit policies.
3.2.4.6 inhibitAnyPolicy
The inhibitAnyPolicy item specifies an input to the certification
path validation algorithm (see [PKIX-1], section 6.1.1), and it
controls whether the anyPolicy OID is processed or ignored when
evaluating certificate policy. If the client wants the server to
ignore the anyPolicy OID, inhibitAnyPolicy MUST be set to TRUE in
the request.
SCVP clients MAY support ignoring the anyPolicy OID. SCVP servers
SHOULD support ignoring the anyPolicy OID.
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3.2.4.7 trustAnchors
The trustAnchors item specifies the trust anchors at which the
certification path must terminate if the path is to be considered
valid by the SCVP server for the request. If a trustAnchors item is
present, the server MUST NOT consider any certification paths ending
in other trust anchors as valid.
The TrustAnchors type contains one or more trust anchor
specifications. A certificate reference can be used to identify the
trust anchor by certificate hash and distinguished name with serial
number. Alternatively, trust anchors can be provided directly. The
order of trust anchor specifications within the sequence is not
important. Any CA certificate that meets the requirements of [PKIX-
1] for signing certificates can be provided as a trust anchor. If a
trust anchor is supplied that does not meet these requirements, the
server MUST return an error response.
The trust anchor itself, regardless of its form, MUST NOT be
included in any certification path returned by the SCVP server.
TrustAnchors has the following syntax:
TrustAnchors ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF PKCReference
SCVP server MUST support trustAnchors. SCVP clients SHOULD support
trustAnchors.
3.2.4.8 keyUsages
The key usage extension [PKIX-1, section 4.2.1.3] in the certificate
defines the technical purpose (such as encipherment, signature, and
CRL signing) of the key contained in the certificate. If the client
wishes to confirm the technical usage, then it can communicate the
usage it wants to validate by the same structure using the same
semantics as defined in [PKIX-1]. For example, if the client
obtained the certificate in the context of a digital signature, it
can confirm this use by including a keyUsage structure with the
digital signature bit set.
If the keyUsages item is present and contains an empty sequence, it
indicates that the client does not require any particular key usage.
If the keyUsages item contains one or more keyUsage definitions,
then the certificate MUST satisfy at least one of the specified
keyUsage definitions. If the client is willing to accept multiple
possibilities then the client passes in a sequence of possible
patterns. Each keyUsage can contain a set of one or more bits set
in the request, all bits MUST be present in the certificate to match
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against an instance of the keyUsage in the SCVP request. If the
certificate key usage extension contains more usages than requested,
then the certificate MUST be considered a match. For example, if a
client wishes to check for either digital signature or non-
repudiation, then the client provides two keyUsage values, one with
digital signature set and the other with non-repudiation set. If
the key usage extension is absent from the certificate, the
certificate MUST be considered good for all usages and therefore any
pattern in the SCVP request will match.
SCVP clients SHOULD support keyUsages, and SCVP servers MUST support
keyUsages.
3.2.4.9 extendedKeyUsages
The extended key usage extension [PKIX-1, section 4.2.1.13] defines
more specific technical purposes, in addition to or in place of the
purposes indicated in the key usage extension, for which the
certified public key may be used. If the client wishes to confirm
the extended key usage, then it can communicate the usage it wants
to validate by the same extension using the same semantics as
defined in [PKIX-1]. For example, if the client obtained the
certificate in the context of a TLS server, it can confirm this
usage by including the extended key usage structure with the id-kp-
serverAuth object identifier. If the extension is absent or is
present and asserts the anyExtendedKeyUsage OID, then all usages
specified in the request are a match. If the extension is present
and more than one usage is set in the request, all usages MUST be
present in the certificate. If the certificate extension contains
more usages than requested, then the certificate MUST be considered
a match.
Where the client does not require any particular extended key usage,
the client can specify an empty SEQUENCE. This may be used to
override extended key usage requirements imposed in the validation
policy specified by valPolId.
SCVP clients SHOULD support extendedKeyUsages, and SCVP servers MUST
support extendedKeyUsages.
3.2.5 responseFlags
The optional response flags item allows the client to indicate which
optional features in the CVResponse it wants the server to include.
If the default values for all of the flags are used, then the
response flags item MUST NOT be included in the request.
The syntax of the responseFlags is:
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ResponseFlags ::= SEQUENCE {
fullRequestInResponse [0] BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
responseValidationPolByRef [1] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
protectResponse [2] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
cachedResponse [3] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE }
Each of the response flags is described in the following sections.
3.2.5.1 fullRequestInResponse
By default, the server includes a hash of the request in non-cached
responses to allow the client to identify the response. If the
client wants the server to include the full request in the non-
cached response, fullRequestInResponse is set to TRUE. The main
reason a client would request the server to include the full request
in the response is to archive the request-response exchange in a
single object. That is, the client wants to archive a single object
that includes both request and response.
SCVP clients and servers MUST support the default behavior. SCVP
clients MAY support requesting and processing the full request.
SCVP servers SHOULD support returning the full request.
3.2.5.2 responseValidationPolByRef
The responseValidationPolByRef item controls whether the response
includes just a reference to the policy or a reference to the policy
plus all the parameters by value of the policy used to process the
request. The response MUST contain a reference to the validation
policy. If the client wants the validation policy parameters to be
also included by value, then responseValidationPolByRef is set to
FALSE. The main reason a client would request the server to include
validation policy to be included by value is to archive the request-
response exchange in a single object. That is, the client wants to
archive the CVResponse and have it include every aspect of the
validation policy.
SCVP clients and servers MUST support the default behavior. SCVP
clients MAY support requesting and processing the validation policy
by values. SVCP server SHOULD support returning the validation
policy by values.
3.2.5.3 protectResponse
The protectResponse item indicates whether the client requires the
server to protect the response. If the client is performing full
certification path validation on the response and it is not
concerned about the source of the response, then the client does not
benefit from a digital signature or MAC on the response. In this
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case, the client can indicate to the server that protecting the
message is unnecessary. However, the server is always permitted to
return a protected response.
SCVP clients that support delegated path discovery (DPD) as defined
in [RQMTS] MUST support setting this value to FALSE.
SCVP clients that support delegated path validation (DPV) as defined
in [RQMTS] require an authenticated response. Unless a protected
transport mechanism (such a TLS) is used, such clients MUST always
set this value to TRUE or omit the responseFlags item entirely,
which requires the server to return a protected response.
SCVP servers MUST support returning protected responses, and SCVP
servers SHOULD support returning unprotected responses. Based on
local policy, the server can be configured to return protected or
unprotected responses if this value is set to FALSE. If based on
local policy the server is unable to return protected responses,
then the server MUST return an error if this value is set to TRUE.
3.2.5.4 cachedResponse
The cachedResponse item indicates whether the client will accept a
cached response. To enhance performance and limit the exposure of
signing keys, an SCVP service may be designed to cache responses
until new revocation information is expected. Where cachedResponse
is set to TRUE, the client will accept a previously cached response.
Clients may insist on creation of a fresh response to protect
against a replay attack and ensure information is up to date. Where
cachedResponse is FALSE, the client will not accept a cached
response. To ensure that a response is fresh, the client MUST also
include the requestNonce as defined in Section 3.4.
Servers MUST process the cachedResponse flag. Where cachedResponse
is FALSE, servers that cannot produce fresh responses MUST reply
with an error message. Servers MAY choose to provide fresh
responses even where cachedResponse is set to TRUE.
3.2.6 serverContextInfo
The optional serverContextInfo item, if present, contains context
from a previous request-response exchange with the same SCVP server.
It allows the server to return more than one certification path for
the same certificate to the client. For example, if a server
constructs a particular certification path for a certificate, but
the client finds it unacceptable, the client can then send the same
query back to the server with the serverContextInfo from the first
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response, and the server will be able to provide a different
certification path (if another one can be found).
Contents of the serverContextInfo are opaque to the SCVP client.
That is, the client only knows that it needs to return the value
provided by the server with the subsequent request to get a
different certification path. Note that the subsequent query needs
to be identical to the previous query with the exception of the
following:
- requestNonce;
- serverContextInfo; and
- the client's digital signature or MAC on the request.
SCVP clients MAY support serverContextInfo, and SCVP servers SHOULD
support serverContextInfo.
3.2.7 validationTime
The optional validationTime item, if present, tells the date and
time relative to which the SCVP client wants the server to perform
the checks. If the validationTime is not present, the server MUST
perform the validation using the date and time at which the server
processes the request. If the validationTime is present, it MUST be
encoded as GeneralizedTime. The validationTime provided MUST be a
retrospective time since the server can only perform a validity
check using the current time (default) or previous time. A server
can ignore the validationTime provided in the request if the time is
within the clock skew of the server's current time.
The revocation status information is obtained with respect to the
validation time. When specifying a validation time other than the
current time, the validation time should not necessarily be
identical to the time when the private key was used. The validation
time specified by the client may be adjusted to compensate for:
1) time for the end-entity to realize that its private key has
been or could possibly be compromised, and/or
2) time for the end-entity to report the key compromise, and/or
3) time for the revocation authority to process the revocation
request from the end-entity, and/or
4) time for the revocation authority to update and distribute
the revocation status information.
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GeneralizedTime values MUST be expressed in Universal Coordinated
Time (UTC) (which is also known as Greenwich Mean Time and Zulu
time) and MUST include seconds (i.e., times are YYYYMMDDHHMMSSZ),
even when the number of seconds is zero. GeneralizedTime values
MUST NOT include fractional seconds.
The information in the corresponding CertReply item in the response
MUST be formatted as if the server created the response at the time
indicated in the validationTime. However, if the server does not
have appropriate historical information, the server MUST return an
error response.
SCVP servers MUST apply a clock skew to the validity time to allow
for minor time synchronization errors. The default value is 10
minutes. If the server uses a value other than the default it MUST
include the clock skew value in the validation policy response.
SCVP clients MAY support validationTime other than the current time.
SCVP servers MUST support using its current time, and SHOULD support
the client setting the validationTime in the request.
3.2.8 intermediateCerts
The optional intermediateCerts item may help the SCVP server create
valid certification paths. The intermediateCerts item, when
present, provides certificates that the server MAY use when forming
a certification path. When building certification paths, the server
MAY use the certificates in the intermediateCerts item in addition
to any other certificates that the server can access. When present,
the intermediateCerts item MUST contain at least one certificate,
and the intermediateCerts item MUST be structured as a CertBundle.
The certificates in the intermediateCerts item MUST NOT be
considered as valid by the server just because they are present in
this item.
The CertBundle type contains one or more certificates. The order of
the entries in the bundle is not important. CertBundle has the
following syntax:
CertBundle ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF Certificate
SCVP clients SHOULD support intermediateCerts, and SCVP servers MUST
support intermediateCerts.
3.2.9 revInfos
The optional revInfos item specifies revocation information such as
CRLs, delta CRLs [PKIX-1], and OCSP responses [OCSP] that the SCVP
server MAY use when validating certification paths. The purpose of
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the revInfos item is to provide revocation information to which the
server might not otherwise have access, such as an OCSP response
that the client received along with the certificate. Note that the
information in the revInfos item might not be used by the server.
For example, the revocation information might be associated with
certificates that the server does not use in the certification path
that it constructs.
Clients SHOULD be courteous to the SCVP server by separating CRLs
and delta CRLs. However, since the two share a common syntax, SCVP
servers SHOULD accept delta CRLs even if they are identified as
regular CRLs by the SCVP client.
CRLs, delta CRLs, and OCSP responses can be provided as revocation
information. If needed, additional object identifiers can be
assigned for additional revocation information types in the future.
The revInfos item uses the RevocationInfos type, which has the
following syntax:
RevocationInfos ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF RevocationInfo
RevocationInfo ::= CHOICE {
crl [0] CertificateList,
delta-crl [1] CertificateList,
ocsp [2] OCSPResponse,
other [3] OtherRevInfo }
OtherRevInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
riType OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
riValue ANY DEFINED BY riType }
3.2.10 producedAt
The client MAY allow the server to use a cached SCVP response. When
doing so, the client MAY use the producedAt item to express
requirements on the freshness of the cached response. The
producedAt item tells the earliest date and time at which an
acceptable cached response could have been produced. The producedAt
item represents the date and time in UTC, using the GeneralizedTime
type. The value in the producedAt item is independent of the
validation time.
GeneralizedTime value MUST be expressed in UTC, as defined in
section 3.2.7.
SCVP clients MAY support using producedAt values in the request.
SCVP servers MAY support the producedAt values in the request. SCVP
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servers that support cached responses SHOULD support the producedAt
value in requests.
3.2.11 queryExtensions
The optional queryExtensions item contains Extensions. If present,
each extension in the sequence extends the query. This
specification does not define any extensions; the facility is
provided to allow future specifications to extend SCVP. The syntax
for extensions is imported from [PKIX-1]. The queryExtensions item,
when present, MUST contain a sequence of extension items, and each
of the extensions MUST contain extnID, critical, and extnValue
items. Each of these is described in the following sections.
3.2.11.1 extnID
The extnID item is an identifier for the extension. It contains the
object identifier that names the extension.
3.2.11.2 critical
The critical item is a BOOLEAN. Each extension is designated as
either critical (with a value of TRUE) or non-critical (with a value
of FALSE). By default, the extension is non-critical. An SCVP
server MUST reject the query if it encounters a critical extension
that it does not recognize; however, a non-critical extension MAY be
ignored if it is not recognized, but MUST be processed if it is
recognized.
3.2.11.3 extnValue
The extnValue item is an octet string, which contains the extension
value. An ASN.1 type is specified for each extension, identified by
the associated extnID object identifier.
3.3 requestorRef
The optional requestorRef item contains a list of names identifying
SCVP servers, and it is intended for use in environments where SCVP
relay is employed. Although requestorRef is encoded as a SEQUENCE,
no order is implied. The requestorRef item is used to detect
looping in some configurations. The value and use of requestorRef
is defined in section 7.
Conforming SCVP clients MAY support specification of the
requestorRef value. Conforming SCVP server implementations MUST
process the requestorRef value if present. If the SCVP client
includes a requestorRef value in the request, then the SCVP server
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MUST return the same value in a non-cached response. The SCVP
server MAY omit the requestorRef value from cached SCVP responses.
The requestorRef item MUST be a sequence of GeneralName. No
provisions are made to ensure uniqueness of the requestorRef
GeneralName values.
3.4 requestNonce
The optional requestNonce item contains a request identifier
generated by the SCVP client. If the client includes a requestNonce
value in the request, it is expressing a preference that the SCVP
server SHOULD return a non-cached response. If the server returns a
non-cached response it MUST include the value of requestNonce from
the request in the response as the respNonce item; however, the
server MAY return a cached response which MUST NOT have a respNonce.
SCVP clients that insist on creation of a fresh response (e.g., to
protect against a replay attack or ensure information is up to date)
MUST support requestNonce. Conforming SCVP server implementations
MUST process the requestNonce value if present.
If the client includes a requestNonce and also sets the
cachedResponse flag to FALSE as defined in section 3.2.5.4, the
client is indicating that the SCVP server MUST return either a non-
cached response including the respNonce or an error response. The
client SHOULD include a requestNonce item in every request to
prevent an attacker from acting as a man-in-the-middle by replaying
old responses from the server. The requestNonce value SHOULD change
with every request sent by the client.
The client MUST NOT set the cachedResponse flag to FALSE without
also including a requestNonce. A server receiving such a request
SHOULD return an invalidRequest error response.
The requestNonce item, if present, MUST be an octet string that was
generated exclusively for this request.
3.5 requestorName
The optional requestorName item is used by the client to include an
identifier in the request. The client MAY include this information
for the DPV server to copy into the response.
Conforming SCVP clients MAY support specification of this item in
requests. SCVP servers MUST be able to process requests that
include this item.
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3.6 responderName
The optional responderName item is used by the client to indicate
the identity of the SCVP server that the client expects to sign the
SCVP response if the response is digitally signed. The
requestorName item SHOULD only be included if:
1. the request is either unprotected or digitally signed (i.e., is
not protected using a MAC); and
2. the responseFlags item is either absent or present with the
protectResponse set to TRUE.
Conforming SCVP clients MAY support specification of this item in
requests. SCVP servers MUST be able to process requests that
include this item. SCVP servers that maintain a single private key
for signing SCVP responses or that are unable to return digitally
signed responses MAY ignore the value in this item. SCVP servers
that maintain more than one private key for signing SCVP responses
SHOULD either (a) digitally sign the response using a private key
that corresponds to a certificate that includes the name specified
in responderName in either subject field or subjectAltName extension
or (b) return a error indicating that the server does not possess a
certificate that asserts the specified name.
3.7 requestExtensions
The OPTIONAL requestExtensions item contains Extensions. If
present, each Extension in the sequence extends the request. This
specification does not define any extensions; the facility is
provided to allow future specifications to extend SCVP. The syntax
for Extensions is imported from [PKIX-1]. The requestExtensions
item, when present, MUST contain a sequence of extension items, and
each of extension MUST contain extnID, critical, and extnValue
items. Each of these is described in the following sections.
3.7.1 extnID
The extnID item is an identifier for the extension. It contains the
object identifier that names the extension.
3.7.2 critical
The critical item is a BOOLEAN. Each extension is designated as
either critical (with a value of TRUE) or non-critical (with a value
of FALSE). By default, the extension is non-critical. An SCVP
server MUST reject the query if it encounters a critical extension
it does not recognize. A non-critical extension MAY be ignored if it
is not recognized, but MUST be processed if it is recognized.
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3.7.3 extnValue
The extnValue item contains an octet string. Within the octet
string is the extension value. An ASN.1 type is specified for each
extension, identified by the associated extnID object identifier.
3.8 signatureAlg
The signatureAlg item contains an AlgorithmIdentifier indicating
which algorithm the server should use to sign the response message.
The signatureAlg item SHOULD only be included if:
1. the request is either unprotected or digitally signed (i.e., is
not protected using a MAC); and
2. the responseFlags item is either absent or present with the
protectResponse set to TRUE.
If included, the signatureAlg item SHOULD specify one of the
signature algorithms specified in the signatureGeneration item of
the server's validation policy response message.
SCVP servers MUST be able to process requests that include this
item. If the server is returning a digitally signed response to
this message, then:
1. If the signatureAlg item is present and specifies an algorithm
that is included in the signatureGeneration item of the
server's validation policy response message, the server MUST
sign the response using the signature algorithm specified in
signatureAlg.
2. Otherwise, if the signatureAlg item is absent or is present but
specifies an algorithm that is not supported by the server, the
server MUST sign the response using the server's default
signature algorithm as specified in the signatureGeneration
item of the server's validation policy response message.
3.9 hashAlg
The hashAlg item contains an OBJECT IDENTIFIER indicating which hash
algorithm the server should use to compute the hash value for the
requestHash item in the response. SCVP clients SHOULD NOT include
this item if fullRequestInResponse is set to TRUE. If included, the
hashAlg item SHOULD specify one of the hash algorithms specified in
the hashAlgorithms item of the server's validation policy response
message.
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SCVP servers MUST be able to process requests that include this
item. If the server is returning a response to this message that
includes a requestHash then:
1. If the hashAlg item is present and specifies an algorithm that
is included in the hashAlgorithms item of the server's
validation policy response message, the server MUST use the
algorithm specified in hashAlg to compute the requestHash.
2. Otherwise, if the hashAlg item is absent or is present but
specifies an algorithm that is not supported by the server, the
server MUST compute the requestHash using the server's default
hash algorithm as specified in the hashAlgorithms item of the
server's validation policy response message.
3.10 RequestorText
SCVP clients MAY use the requestor Text item to provide text for
inclusion in the corresponding response. For example, this field
may describe the nature or reason for the request.
Conforming SCVP client implementations MAY support inclusion of this
item in requests. Conforming SCVP Server implementations MUST
accept requests that include this item. When generating non-cached
responses, conforming SCVP Server implementations MUST copy the
contents of this item into the requestorText item in the
corresponding response (see Section 4.13).
3.11 SCVP Request Authentication
It is a matter of local policy what validation policy the server
uses when authenticating requests. When authenticating protected
SCVP requests, the SCVP servers SHOULD use the validation algorithm
defined in section 6 of [PKIX-1].
If the certificate used to validate a SignedData validation request
includes the key usage extension [PKIX-1, section 4.2.1.3], it MUST
have either the digital signature bit set, the non-repudiation bit
set, or both bits set.
If the certificate used to validate an AuthenticatedData validation
request includes the key usage extension, it MUST have the key
agreement bit set.
If the certificate used on a validation request contains the
extended key usage extension [PKIX-1, section 4.2.1.13], the server
SHALL verify that it contains the SCVP client OID or another OID
acceptable to the server. The SCVP client OID is defined as
follows:
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id-kp OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-pkix 3 }
id-kp-scvpClient OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-kp 16 }
If a protected request fails to meet the validation policy of the
server, it MUST be treated as an unauthenticated request.
4 Validation Response
An SCVP server response to the client MUST be a single CVResponse
item. When a CVResponse is encapsulated in a MIME body part,
application/cv-response MUST be used.
There are a number of forms of an SCVP response:
1. A success response to a request made over a protected transport
such as TLS. These responses SHOULD NOT be protected by the
server.
2. A success response to a request that has protectResponse set to
FALSE. These responses SHOULD NOT be protected by the server.
3. The server MUST protect all other success responses. If the
server is unable to return a protected success response due to
local policy, then it MUST return an error response.
4. An error response to a request made over a protected transport
such as TLS. These responses SHOULD NOT be protected by the
server
5. An error response to a request that has protectResponse set to
FALSE. These responses SHOULD NOT be protected by the server.
6. An error response to an authenticated request. The server
SHOULD protect these responses.
7. An error response to an AuthenticatedData request where MAC is
valid. The server MUST protect these responses.
8. All other error responses MUST NOT be protected by the server.
Successful responses are made when the server has fully complied
with the request. That is, the server was able to build a
certification path using the referenced or supplied validation
policy, and it was able to comply with all the requested parameters.
If the server is unable to perform validations using the required
validation policy or the request contains an unsupported option,
then the server MUST return an error response.
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For protected requests and responses, SCVP servers MUST support
SignedData and SHOULD support AuthenticatedData. It is a matter of
local policy which types are used.
If the server is making a protected response to a protected request,
then the server MUST use the same protection mechanism (SignedData
or AuthenticatedData) as in the request.
An overview of the structure used for an unprotected response is
provided below. Many details are not shown, but the way that SCVP
makes use of CMS is clearly illustrated.
ContentInfo {
contentType id-ct-scvp-certValResponse,
-- (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.11)
content CVResponse }
The protected response consists of a CVResponse encapsulated in
either a SignedData or an AuthenticatedData, which is in turn
encapsulated in a ContentInfo. That is, the EncapsulatedContentInfo
field of either SignedData or AuthenticatedData consists of an
eContentType field with a value of id-ct-scvp-certValResponse and an
eContent field that contains a DER encoded CVResponse.
The SCVP server MUST include its own certificate in the certificates
field within SignedData. Other certificates MAY also be included.
The SCVP server MAY also provide one or more CRLs in the crls field
within SignedData. The signerInfos field of SignedData MUST include
exactly one SignerInfo. The SignedData MUST NOT include the
unsignedAttrs field.
The signedAttrs field within SignerInfo MUST include the content-
type and message-digest attributes defined in [CMS], and it SHOULD
include the signing-certificate attribute as defined in [ESS].
Within the signing-certificate attribute, the first certificate
identified in the sequence of certificate identifiers MUST be the
certificate of the SCVP server. The inclusion of other certificate
identifiers in the signing-certificate attribute is OPTIONAL. The
inclusion of policies in the signing-certificate is OPTIONAL.
The recipientInfos field of AuthenticatedData MUST include exactly
one RecipientInfo, which contains information for the client that
sent the request. The AuthenticatedData MUST NOT include the
unauthAttrs field.
The CVResponse item contains the server's response. The CVResponse
MUST contain the cvResponseVersion, serverConfigurationID,
producedAt, and responseStatus items. The CVResponse MAY also
contain the respValidationPolicy, requestRef, requestorRef,
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requestorName, replyObjects, respNonce, serverContextInfo, and
cvResponseExtensions items. The replyObjects item MUST contain
exactly one CertReply item for each certificate requested. The
requestorRef item MUST be included if the request included a
requestorRef item and a non-cached response is provided. The
respNonce item MUST be included if the request included a
requestNonce item and a non-cached response is provided.
The CVResponse MUST have the following syntax:
CVResponse ::= SEQUENCE {
cvResponseVersion INTEGER,
serverConfigurationID INTEGER,
producedAt GeneralizedTime,
responseStatus ResponseStatus,
respValidationPolicy [0] RespValidationPolicy OPTIONAL,
requestRef [1] RequestReference OPTIONAL,
requestorRef [2] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
requestorName [3] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
replyObjects [4] ReplyObjects OPTIONAL,
respNonce [5] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
serverContextInfo [6] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
cvResponseExtensions [7] Extensions OPTIONAL,
requestorText [8] UTF8String (SIZE (1..256)) OPTIONAL }
Conforming SCVP servers MAY be capable of constructing a CVResponse
that includes the serverContextInfo or cvResponseExtensions items.
Conforming SCVP servers MUST be capable of constructing a CVResponse
with any of the remaining optional items. Conforming SCVP clients
MUST be capable of processing a CVResponse with the following
optional items: respValidationPolicy; requestRef; requestorName;
replyObjects; and respNonce.
Conforming SCVP clients that are capable of including requestorRef
in a request MUST be capable of processing a CVResponse that
includes the requestorRef item. Conforming SCVP clients MUST be
capable of processing a CVResponse that includes the
serverContextInfo or cvResponseExtensions items. Conforming clients
MUST be able to determine if critical extensions are present in the
cvResponseExtensions item.
4.1 cvResponseVersion
The syntax and semantics of cvResponseVersion are the same as
cvRequestVersion as described in section 3.1. The cvResponseVersion
MUST match the cvRequestVersion in the request. If the server
cannot generate a response with a matching version number, then the
server MUST return an error response that indicates the highest
version number that the server supports as the version number.
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4.2 serverConfigurationID
The server configuration ID represents the version of the SCVP
server configuration when it processed the request. See section 6.4
for details.
4.3 producedAt
The producedAt item tells the date and time at which the SCVP server
generated the response. The producedAt item MUST be expressed in
UTC, and it MUST be interpreted as defined in section 3.2.7. This
value is independent of the validation time.
4.4 responseStatus
The responseStatus item gives status information to the SCVP client
about its request. The responseStatus item has a numeric status
code and an optional string that is a sequence of characters from
the ISO/IEC 10646-1 character set encoded with the UTF-8
transformation format defined in [UTF8].
The string MAY be used to transmit status information. The client
MAY choose to display the string to a human user. However, because
there is often no way to know the languages understood by a human
user, the string may be of little or no assistance.
The responseStatus item uses the ResponseStatus type, which has the
following syntax:
ResponseStatus ::= SEQUENCE {
statusCode CVStatusCode DEFAULT okay,
errorMessage UTF8String OPTIONAL }
CVStatusCode ::= ENUMERATED {
okay (0),
skipUnrecognizedItems (1),
tooBusy (10),
invalidRequest (11),
internalError (12),
badStructure (20),
unsupportedVersion (21),
abortUnrecognizedItems (22),
unrecognizedSigKey (23),
badSignatureOrMAC (24),
unableToDecode (25),
notAuthorized (26),
unsupportedChecks (27),
unsupportedWantBacks (28),
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unsupportedSignatureOrMAC (29),
invalidSignatureOrMAC (30),
protectedResponseUnsupported (31),
unrecognizedResponderName (32),
relayingLoop (40),
unrecognizedValPol (50),
unrecognizedValAlg (51),
fullRequestInResponseUnsupported (52),
fullPolResponseUnsupported (53),
inhibitPolicyMappingUnsuported (54),
requireExplicitPolicyUnsupported (55),
inhibitAnyPolicyUnsupported (56),
validityTimeUnsupported (57),
unrecognizedCritQueryExt (63),
unrecognizedCritRequestExt (64) }
The CVStatusCode values have the following meaning:
0 The request was fully processed.
1 The request included some unrecognized non-critical extensions;
however, processing was able to continue ignoring them.
10 Too busy; try again later.
11 The server was able to decode the request, but there was some
other problem with the request.
12 An internal server error occurred.
20 The structure of the request was wrong.
21 The version of request is not supported by this server.
22 The request included unrecognized items, and the server was not
able to continue processing.
23 The server could not validate the key used to protect the
request.
24 The signature or message authentication code did not match the
body of the request.
25 The encoding was not understood.
26 The request was not authorized.
27 The request included unsupported checks items, and the server
was not able to continue processing.
28 The request included unsupported want back items, and the
server was not able to continue processing.
29 The server does not support the signature or message
authentication code algorithm used by the client to protect the
request.
30 The server could not validate the client's signature or message
authentication code on the request.
31 The server could not generate a protected response as requested
by the client.
32 The server does not have a certificate matching the requested
responder name.
40 The request was previously relayed by the same server.
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50 The request contained an unrecognized validation policy
reference.
51 The request contained an unrecognized validation algorithm OID.
52 The server does not support returning the full request in the
response.
53 The server does not support returning the full validation
policy by value in the response.
54 The server does not support inhibiting policy mapping.
55 The server does not support requiring explicit policy.
56 The server does not support ignoring the anyPolicy certificate
policy OID.
57 The server only validates requests using current time.
63 The query item in the request contains a critical extension
whose OID is not recognized.
64 The request contains a critical request extension whose OID is
not recognized.
Status codes 0-9 are reserved for codes that indicate the request
was processed by the server and therefore MUST be sent in a success
response. Status codes 10 and above indicate an error and MUST
therefore be sent in an error response.
4.5 respValidationPolicy
The respValidationPolicy item contains either a reference to the
full validation policy or the full policy by value used by the
server to validate the request. It MUST be present in success
responses and MUST NOT be present in error responses. The choice
between returning the policy by reference or by value is controlled
by the responseValidationPolByRef item in the request. The
resultant validation policy is the union of the following:
1. Values from the request.
2. For values that are not explicitly included in the request,
values from the validation policy specified by reference in
the request.
The RespValidationPolicy syntax is:
RespValidationPolicy ::= ValidationPolicy
The validationPolicy item is defined in section 3.2.4. When
responseValidationPolByRef is set to FALSE in the request, all items
in the validationPolicy item MUST be populated. When
responseValidationPolByRef is set to TRUE, OPTIONAL items in the
validationPolicy item only need to be populated for items for which
the value in the request differs from the value from the referenced
validation policy.
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Conforming SCVP clients MUST be capable of processing the validation
policy by reference. SCVP clients MAY be capable of processing the
optional items in the validation policy.
Conforming SCVP server implementations MUST be capable of asserting
the policy by reference, and MUST be capable of including the
optional items.
4.6 requestRef
The requestRef item allows the SCVP client to identify the request
that corresponds to this response from the server. It associates
the response to a particular request using either a hash of the
request or a copy of CVRequest from the request.
The requestRef item does not provide authentication, but does allow
the client to determine that the request was not maliciously
modified.
The requestRef item allows the client to associate a response with a
request. The requestNonce provides an alternative mechanism for
matching requests and responses. When the fullRequest alternative
is used, the response provides a single data structure that is
suitable for archive of the transaction.
The requestRef item uses the RequestReference type, which has the
following syntax:
RequestReference ::= CHOICE {
requestHash [0] HashValue, -- hash of CVRequest
fullRequest [1] CVRequest }
SCVP clients MUST support requestHash, and they MAY support
fullRequest. SCVP servers MUST support using requestHash, and they
SHOULD support using fullRequest.
4.6.1 requestHash
The requestHash item is the hash of the CVRequest. The one-way hash
function used to compute the hash of the CVRequest is as specified
in section 3.9. The requestHash item serves two purposes. First,
it allows a client to determine that the request was not maliciously
modified. Second, it allows the client to associate a response with
a request when using connectionless protocols. The requestNonce
provides an alternative mechanism for matching requests and
responses.
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The requestHash item uses the HashValue type, which has the
following syntax:
HashValue ::= SEQUENCE {
algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier DEFAULT { sha-1 },
value OCTET STRING }
sha-1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
oiw(14) secsig(3) algorithm(2) 26 }
The algorithm identifier for SHA-1 is imported from [PKIX-ALG]. It
is repeated here for convenience.
4.6.2 fullRequest
Like requestHash, the fullRequest alternative allows a client to
determine that the request was not maliciously modified. It also
provides a single data structure that is suitable for archive of the
transaction.
The fullRequest item uses the CVRequest type. The syntax and
semantics of the CVRequest type are described in section 3.
4.7 requestorRef
The optional requestorRef item is used by the client to identify the
original requestor in cases where SCVP relay is used. The value is
only of local significance to the client. If the SCVP client
includes a requestorRef value in the request, then the SCVP server
MUST return the same value if the server is generating a non-cached
response.
4.8 requestorName
The optional requestorName item is used by the server to return one
or more identities associated with the client in the response.
The SCVP server MAY choose to include any or all of the following:
(1) the identity asserted by the client in the requestorName item
of the request,
(2) an authenticated identity for the client from a certificate or
other credential used to authenticate the request, or
(3) a client identifier from an out-of-band mechanism.
Alternatively, the SCVP server MAY omit this item.
In the case of non-cached responses to authenticated requests, the
SCVP server SHOULD return a requestor name.
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SCVP servers that support authenticated requests SHOULD support this
item.
SCVP clients MUST be able to process responses that include this
item, although the item value might not impact the processing in any
manner.
4.9 replyObjects
The replyObjects item returns requested objects to the SCVP client,
each of which tells the client about a single certificate from the
request. The replyObjects item MUST be present in the response,
unless the response is reporting an error. The CertReply item MUST
contain cert, replyStatus, replyValTime, replyChecks, and
replyWantBacks items; and the CertReply item MAY contain the
validationErrors, nextUpdate, and certReplyExtensions items.
A success response MUST contain one CertReply for each certificate
specified in the queriedCerts item in the request. The order is
important. The first CertReply in the sequence MUST correspond to
the first certificate in the request; the second CertReply in the
sequence MUST correspond to the second certificate in the request;
and so on.
The checks item in the request determines the content of the
replyChecks item in the response. The wantBack item in the request
determines the content of the replyWantBacks item in the response.
The queryExtensions items in the request controls the absence or the
presence and content of the certReplyExtensions item in the
response.
The replyObjects item uses the ReplyObjects type, which has the
following syntax:
ReplyObjects ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF CertReply
CertReply ::= SEQUENCE {
cert CertReference,
replyStatus ReplyStatus DEFAULT success,
replyValTime GeneralizedTime,
replyChecks ReplyChecks,
replyWantBacks ReplyWantBacks,
validationErrors [0] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF
OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
nextUpdate [1] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
certReplyExtensions [2] Extensions OPTIONAL }
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4.9.1 cert
The cert item contains either the certificate or a reference to the
certificate about which the client is requesting information. If
the certificate was specified by reference in the request, the
request included either the id-swb-pkc-cert or id-swb-aa-cert
wantBack, and the server was able to obtain the referenced
certificate then this item MUST include the certificate. Otherwise,
this item MUST include the same value as was used in the
queriedCerts item in the request.
CertReference has the following syntax:
CertReference ::= CHOICE {
pkc PKCReference,
ac ACReference }
4.9.2 replyStatus
The replyStatus item gives status information to the client about
the request for the specific certificate. Note that the
responseStatus item is different than the replyStatus item. The
responseStatus item is the status of the whole request, while the
replyStatus item is the status for the individual query item.
The replyStatus item uses the ReplyStatus type, which has the
following syntax:
ReplyStatus ::= ENUMERATED {
success (0),
malformedPKC (1),
malformedAC (2),
unavailableValidityTime (3),
referenceCertHashFail (4),
certPathConstructFail (5),
certPathNotValid (6),
certPathNotValidNow (7),
wantBackUnsatisfied (8) }
The meaning of the various ReplyStatus values are:
0 Success: all checks were performed successfully.
1 Failure: the public key certificate was malformed.
2 Failure: the attribute certificate was malformed.
3 Failure: historical data for the requested validity time is not
available.
4 Failure: the server could not locate the reference certificate or
the referenced certificate did not match the hash value
provided.
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5 Failure: no certification path could be constructed.
6 Failure: the constructed certification path is not valid with
respect to the validation policy.
7 Failure: the constructed certification path is not valid with
respect to the validation policy, but a query at a later time
may be successful.
8 Failure: all checks were performed successfully, however one or
more of the wantBacks could not be satisfied.
Codes 1 and 2 are used to tell the client that the request was
properly formed, but the certificate in question was not. This is
especially useful to clients that do not parse certificates.
Code 7 is used to tell the client that a valid certification path
was found with the exception that a certificate in the path is on
hold, current revocation information is unavailable, or the
validation time precedes the notBefore time in one or more
certificates in the path.
For codes 1, 2, 3, and 4, the replyChecks and replyWantBacks items
are not populated (i.e., they MUST be an empty sequence). For codes
5, 6, 7, and 8 replyChecks MUST include an entry corresponding to
each check in the request; the replyWantBacks item is not populated.
4.9.3 replyValTime
The replyValTime item tells the time at which the information in the
CertReply was correct. The replyValTime item represents the date
and time in UTC, using GeneralizedTime type. The encoding rules for
GeneralizedTime in section 3.2.7 MUST be used.
Within the request, the optional validityTime item tells the date
and time relative to which the SCVP client wants the server to
perform the checks. If the validityTime is not present, the server
MUST respond as if the client provided the date and time at which
the server processes the request.
The information in the CertReply item MUST be formatted as if the
server created this portion of the response at the time indicated in
the validityTime item of the query. However, if the server does not
have appropriate historical information, the server MAY either
return an error or return information for a later time.
4.9.4 replyChecks
The replyChecks item contains the responses to the checks item in
the query. The replyChecks item includes the object identifier
(OID) from the query and an integer. The value of the integer
indicates whether the requested check was successful. The OIDs in
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the checks item of the query are used to identify the corresponding
replyChecks values. Each OID specified in the checks item in the
request MUST be matched by an OID in the replyChecks item of the
response. In the case of an error response, the server MAY include
additional checks in the response to further explain the error.
Clients MUST ignore any unrecognized ReplyCheck included in the
response.
The replyChecks item uses the ReplyChecks type, which has the
following syntax:
ReplyChecks ::= SEQUENCE OF ReplyCheck
ReplyCheck ::= SEQUENCE {
check OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
status INTEGER DEFAULT 0 }
The status value for public key certification path building to a
trusted root, { id-stc 1 }, can be one of the following:
0: Built a path
1: Could not build a path
The status value for public key certification path building to a
trusted root along with simple validation processing, { id-stc 2 },
can be one of the following:
0: Valid
1: Not valid
The status value for public key certification path building to a
trusted root along with complete status checking, { id-stc 3 }, can
be one of the following:
0: Valid
1: Not valid
2: Revocation Offline
3: Revocation Unavailable
4: No known source for revocation information
Revocation offline means that the server or distribution point for
the revocation information was connected to successfully without a
network error but either no data was returned or if data was
returned it was stale. Revocation unavailable means that a network
error was returned when an attempt was made to reach the server or
distribution point. No known source for revocation information
means that the server was able to build a valid certification path
but was unable to locate a source for revocation information for one
or more certificates in the path.
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The status value for AC issuer certification path building to a
trusted root, { id-stc 4 }, can be one of the following:
0: Built a path
1: Could not build a path
The status value for AC issuer certification path building to a
trusted root along with simple validation processing, { id-stc 5 },
can be one of the following:
0: Valid
1: Not valid
The status value for AC issuer certification path building to a
trusted root along with complete status checking, { id-stc 6 }, can
be one of the following:
0: Valid
1: Not Valid
2: Revocation Offline
3: Revocation Unavailable
4: No known source for revocation information
The status value for revocation status checking of an AC as well as
AC issuer certification path building to a trusted root along with
complete status checking, { id-stc 7 }, can be one of the following:
0: Valid
1: Not Valid
2: Revocation Offline
3: Revocation Unavailable
4: No known source for revocation information
4.9.5 replyWantBacks
The replyWantBacks item contains the responses to the wantBack item
in the request. The replyWantBacks item includes the object
identifier (OID) from the wantBack item in the request and an octet
string. Within the octet string is the requested value. The OIDs
in the wantBack item in the request are used to identify the
corresponding reply value. The OIDs in the replyWantBacks item MUST
match the OIDs in the wantBack item in the request. For a non-error
response, replyWantBacks MUST include exactly one replyWantBack for
each wantBack specified in the request (excluding id-swb-pkc-cert
and id-swb-ac-cert, where the requested information is included in
the cert item).
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The replyWantBacks item uses the ReplyWantBacks type, which has the
following syntax:
ReplyWantBacks ::= SEQUENCE OF ReplyWantBack
ReplyWantBack::= SEQUENCE {
wb OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
value OCTET STRING }
The octet string value for the certification path used to verify the
certificate in the request, { id-swb 1 }, contains the CertBundle
type. The syntax and semantics of the CertBundle type are described
in section 3.2.8. This CertBundle includes all the certificates in
the path, starting with the end certificate and ending with the
certificate issued by the trust anchor.
The octet string value for the proof of revocation status, { id-swb
2 }, contains the RevInfoWantBack type. The RevInfoWantBack type is
a SEQUENCE of the RevocationInfos type and an optional CertBundle.
The syntax and semantics of the RevocationInfos type are described
in section 3.2.9. The CertBundle MUST be included if any
certificates required to validate the revocation information were
not returned in the id-swb-pkc-best-cert-path or id-swb-pkc-all-
cert-paths want back. The CertBundle MUST include all such
certificates but there are no ordering requirements.
RevInfoWantBack ::= SEQUENCE {
revocationInfo RevocationInfos,
extraCerts CertBundle OPTIONAL }
The octet string value for the public key information, { id-swb 4 },
contains the SubjectPublicKeyInfo type. The syntax and semantics of
the SubjectPublicKeyInfo type are described in [PKIX-1].
The octet string value for the AC issuer certification path used to
verify the certificate in the request, { id-swb 5 }, contains the
CertBundle type. The syntax and semantics of the CertBundle type
are described in section 3.2.8. This CertBundle includes all the
certificates in the path, beginning with the AC issuer certificate
and ending with the certificate issued by the trust anchor.
The octet string value for the proof of revocation status of the AC
issuer certification path, { id-swb 6 }, contains the
RevInfoWantBack type. The RevInfoWantBack type is a SEQUENCE of the
RevocationInfos type and an optional CertBundle. The syntax and
semantics of the RevocationInfos type are described in section
3.2.9. The CertBundle MUST be included if any certificates required
to validate the revocation information were not returned in the id-
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aa-cert-path want back. The CertBundle MUST include all such
certificates but there are no ordering requirements.
The octet string value for the proof of revocation status of the
attribute certificate, { id-swb 7 }, contains the RevInfoWantBack
type. The RevInfoWantBack type is a SEQUENCE of the RevocationInfos
type and an optional CertBundle. The syntax and semantics of the
RevocationInfos type are described in section 3.2.9. The CertBundle
MUST be included if any certificates required to validate the
revocation information were not returned in the id-swb-aa-cert-path
want back. The CertBundle MUST include all such certificates but
there are no ordering requirements.
The octet string value for returning all paths, { id-swb 12 },
contains an ASN.1 type CertBundles, as defined below. The syntax
and semantics of the CertBundle type are described in section 3.2.8.
Each CertBundle includes all the certificates in one path, starting
the end certificate and ending with the certificate issued by the
trust anchor.
CertBundles ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF CertBundle
The octet string value for relayed responses, { id-swb 9 }, contains
an ASN.1 type SCVPResponses, as defined below. If the SCVP server
used information obtained from other SCVP servers when generating
this response, then SCVPResponses MUST include each of the SCVP
responses received from those servers. If the SCVP server did not
use information obtained from other SCVP servers when generating the
response, then SCVPResponses MUST be an empty sequence.
SCVPResponses ::= SEQUENCE OF ContentInfo
The octet string value for the proof of revocation status of the
path's target certificate, { id-swb-13 }, contains the
RevInfoWantBack type. The RevInfoWantBack type is a SEQUENCE of the
RevocationInfos type and an optional CertBundle. The syntax and
semantics of the RevocationInfos type are described in section
3.2.9. The CertBundle MUST be included if any certificates required
to validate the revocation information were not returned in the id-
swb-pkc-best-cert-path or id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths want back. The
CertBundle MUST include all such certificates but there are no
ordering requirements.
The octet string value for the proof of revocation status of the
intermediate certificates in the path, { id-swb 14 }, contains the
RevInfoWantBack type. The RevInfoWantBack type is a SEQUENCE of the
RevocationInfos type and an optional CertBundle. The syntax and
semantics of the RevocationInfos type are described in section
3.2.9. The CertBundle MUST be included if any certificates required
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to validate the revocation information were not returned in the id-
swb-pkc-best-cert-path or id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths want back. The
CertBundle MUST include all such certificates but there are no
ordering requirements.
4.9.6 validationErrors
The validationErrors item MUST only be present in failure responses.
If present, it MUST contain one or more OIDs representing the reason
the validation failed (validation errors for the basic validation
algorithm and name validation algorithm are defined in sections
3.2.4.2.2 and 3.2.4.2.4). The validationErrors item SHOULD only be
included when the replyStatus is 3, 5, 6, 7, or 8. SCVP servers are
not required to specify all of the reasons that validation failed.
SCVP clients MUST NOT assume that the OIDs included in
validationErrors represent all of the validation errors for the
certification path.
4.9.7 nextUpdate
The nextUpdate item tells the time at which the server expects a
refresh of information regarding the validity of the certificate to
become available. The nextUpdate item is especially interesting if
the certificate revocation status information is not available or
the certificate is suspended. The nextUpdate item represents the
date and time in UTC, using the GeneralizedTime type. The encoding
rules for GeneralizedTime in section 3.2.7 MUST be used.
4.9.8 certReplyExtensions
The certReplyExtensions contains the responses to the
queryExtensions item in the request. The certReplyExtensions item
uses the Extensions type defined in [PKIX-1]. The object
identifiers (OIDs) in the queryExtensions item in the request are
used to identify the corresponding reply values. The
certReplyExtensions item, when present, contains a sequence of
Extension items, each of which contains an extnID item, a critical
item, and an extnValue item.
The extnID item is an identifier for the extension. It contains the
OID that names the extension, and it MUST match one of the OIDs in
the queryExtensions item in the request.
The critical item is a BOOLEAN, and it MUST be set to FALSE.
The extnValue item contains an OCTET STRING. Within the OCTET
STRING is the extension value. An ASN.1 type is specified for each
extension, identified by the associated extnID object identifier.
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4.10 respNonce
The respNonce item contains an identifier to bind the request to the
response.
If the client includes a requestNonce value in the request and the
server is generating a specific non-cached response to the request
then the server MUST return the same value in the response.
If the server is using a cached response to the request then it MUST
omit the respNonce item.
If the server is returning a specific non-cached response to a
request without a nonce, then the server MAY include a message
specific nonce. For digitally signed messages, the server MAY use
the value of the message-digest attribute in the signedAttrs within
SignerInfo of the request as the value in the respNonce item.
The requestNonce item uses the octet string type.
Conforming client implementations MUST be able to process a response
that includes this item. Conforming servers MUST support respNonce.
4.11 serverContextInfo
The serverContextInfo item in a response is a mechanism for the
server to pass some opaque context information to the client. If
the client does not like the certification path returned, it can
make a new query and pass along this context information.
Section 3.2.6 contains information about the client's usage of this
item.
The context information is opaque to the client, but it provides
information to the server that ensures that a different
certification path will be returned (if another one can be found).
The context information could indicate state of the server or it
could contain a sequence of hashes of certification paths that have
already been returned to the client. The protocol does not dictate
any structure or requirements for this item. However, implementers
should review the Security Considerations section of this document
before selecting a structure.
Servers that are incapable of returning additional paths MUST NOT
include the serverContextInfo item in the response.
4.12 cvResponseExtensions
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If present, the cvResponseExtensions item contains a sequence of
Extensions that extend the response. This specification does not
define any extensions. The facility is provided to allow future
specifications to extend SCVP. The syntax for Extensions is
imported from [PKIX-1]. The cvResponseExtensions item, when
present, contains a sequence of Extension items, each of which
contains an extnID item, a critical item, and an extnValue item.
The extnID item is an identifier for the extension. It contains the
object identifier (OID) that names the extension.
The critical item is a BOOLEAN. Each extension is designated as
either critical (with a value of TRUE) or non-critical (with a value
of FALSE). An SCVP client MUST reject the response if it encounters
a critical extension it does not recognize; however, a non-critical
extension MAY be ignored if it is not recognized.
The extnValue item contains an OCTET STRING. Within the OCTET
STRING is the extension value. An ASN.1 type is specified for each
extension, identified by the associated extnID object identifier.
4.13 RequestorText
The requestorText item contains a text field supplied by the client.
If the client includes a requestorText value in the request and the
server is generating a specific non-cached response to the request
then the server MUST return the same value in the response.
If the server is using a cached response to the request then it MUST
omit the requestorText item.
The requestNonce item uses the UTF8 string type.
Conforming client implementations that support the requestorText
item in requests (see Section 3.10) MUST be able to process a
response that includes this item. Conforming servers MUST support
requestorText in responses.
4.14 SCVP Response Validation
There are two mechanisms for validation of SCVP responses, one based
on the client's knowledge of a specific SCVP server key and the
other based on validation of the certificate corresponding to the
private key used to protect the SCVP response.
4.14.1 Simple Key Validation
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The simple key validation method is where the SCVP client has a
local policy of one or more SCVP server keys that directly identify
the set of valid SCVP servers. Mechanisms for storage of server
keys or identifiers are a local matter. For example, a client could
store cryptographic hashes of public keys used to verify SignedData
responses. Alternatively, a client could store shared symmetric
keys used to verify MACs in AuthenticatedData responses.
Simple key validation MUST be used by SCVP clients that cannot
validate PKIX-1 certificates and are therefore making delegated path
validation requests to the SCVP server [RQMTS]. It is a matter of
local policy with these clients whether to use SignedData or
AuthenticatedData. Simple key validation MAY be used by other SCVP
clients for other reasons.
4.14.2 SCVP Server Certificate Validation
It is a matter of local policy what validation policy the client
uses when validating responses. When validating protected SCVP
responses, SCVP clients SHOULD use the validation algorithm defined
in section 6 of [PKIX-1]. SCVP clients may impose additional
limitations on the algorithm, such as limiting the number of
certificates in the path or establishing initial name constraints,
as specified in section 6.2 of [PKIX-1].
If the certificate used to sign the validation policy responses and
SignedData validation responses contains the key usage extension
[PKIX-1 section 4.2.1.3] it MUST have either the digital signature
bit set, the non-repudiation bit set, or both bits set.
If the certificate for AuthenticatedData validation responses
contains the key usage extension it MUST have the key agreement bit
set.
If the certificate used on a validation policy response or a
validation response contains the extended key usage extension [PKIX-
1 section 4.2.1.13] it MUST contain the following OID:
id-kp-scvpServer OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-kp 15 }
5 Server Policy Request
An SCVP client uses the ValPolRequest item to request information
about an SCVP server's policies and configuration information,
including the list of validation policies supported by the SCVP
server. When a ValPolRequest is encapsulated in a MIME body part,
it MUST be carried in an application/vp-request MIME body part.
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The request consists of a ValPolRequest encapsulated in a
ContentInfo. The client does not sign the request.
ContentInfo {
contentType id-ct-scvp-valPolRequest,
-- (1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.12)
content ValPolRequest }
The ValPolRequest type has the following syntax:
ValPolRequest ::= SEQUENCE {
vpRequestVersion INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
requestNonce OCTET STRING }
Conforming SCVP server implementations MUST recognize and process
the server policy request. Conforming clients SHOULD support the
server policy request.
5.1 vpRequestVersion
The syntax and semantics of vpRequestVersion are the same as
cvRequestVersion as described in section 3.1.
5.2 requestNonce
The requestNonce item contains a request identifier generated by the
SCVP client. If the server returns a specific response it MUST
include the requestNonce from the request in the response, but the
server MAY return a cached response which MUST NOT include a
requestNonce.
6 Validation Policy Response
In response to a ValPolRequest, the SCVP server provides a
ValPolResponse. The ValPolResponse MAY not be unique to any
ValPolRequest, so may be reused by the server in response to
multiple ValPolRequests. The ValPolResponse also has an indication
of how frequently the ValPolResponse may be reissued. The server
MUST sign the response using its digital signature certificate.
When a ValPolResponse is encapsulated in a MIME body part, it MUST
be carried in an application/vp-response MIME body part.
The response consists of a ValPolResponse encapsulated in a
SignedData, which is in turn encapsulated in a ContentInfo. That
is, the EncapsulatedContentInfo field of SignedData consists of an
eContentType field with a value of id-ct-scvp-valPolResponse
(1.2.840.113549.1.9.16.1.13) and an eContent field that contains a
DER encoded ValPolResponse. The SCVP server MUST include it's own
certificate in the certificates field within SignedData and the
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signerInfos field of SignedData MUST include exactly one SignerInfo.
The SignedData MUST NOT include the unsignedAttrs field.
The ValPolResponse type has the following syntax:
ValPolResponse ::= SEQUENCE {
vpResponseVersion INTEGER,
maxCVResponseVersion INTEGER,
maxVPResponseVersion INTEGER,
serverConfigurationID INTEGER,
thisUpdate GeneralizedTime,
nextUpdate GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
validationPolicies SEQUENCE OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
validationAlgs SEQUENCE OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
authPolicies SEQUENCE OF AuthPolicy,
responseTypes ResponseTypes,
defaultPolicyValues RespValidationPolicy,
revocationInfoTypes RevocationInfoTypes,
signatureGeneration SEQUENCE OF AlgorithmIdentifier,
signatureVerification SEQUENCE OF AlgorithmIdentifier,
hashAlgorithms SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF
OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
serverPublicKeys SEQUENCE OF KeyAgreePublicKey
OPTIONAL,
clockSkew INTEGER DEFAULT 10,
requestNonce OCTET STRING OPTIONAL }
ResponseTypes ::= ENUMERATED {
cached-only (0),
non-cached-only (1),
cached-and-non-cached (2) }
RevocationInfoTypes ::= BIT STRING {
fullCRLs (0),
deltaCRLs (1),
indirectCRLs (2),
oCSPResponses (3) }
SCVP clients that support validation policy requests MUST support
validation policy responses. SCVP servers MUST support validation
policy responses.
SCVP servers MUST support cached policy responses and MAY support
specific responses to policy requests.
6.1 vpResponseVersion
The syntax and semantics of the vpResponseVersion item are the same
as cvRequestVersion as described in section 3.1. The
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vpResponseVersion used MUST be the same as the vpRequestVersion
unless the client has used a value greater than the values the
server supports. If the client submits a vpRequestVersion greater
than the version supported by the server, the server MUST return a
vpResponseVersion using the highest version number the server
supports as the version number.
6.2 maxCVRequestVersion
The maxCVRequestVersion defines the maximum version number for CV
requests that the server supports.
6.3 maxVPRequestVersion
The maxVPRequestVersion defines the maximum version number for VP
requests that the server supports.
6.4 serverConfigurationID
An integer that uniquely represents the version of the server
configuration as represented by the validationPolicies,
validationAlgs, authPolicies, defaultPolicyValues, and clockSkew.
If any of these values change, the server MUST create a new
ValPolResponse with a new serverConfigurationID. If the
configuration has not changed, then the server may reuse
serverConfigurationID across multiple ValPolResponse messages.
However if the server reverts to an earlier configuration, the
server MUST NOT revert the configuration ID as well, but MUST select
another unique value.
6.5 thisUpdate
This item indicates the signing date and time of this policy
response.
GeneralizedTime values MUST be expressed Greenwich Mean Time (Zulu)
and interpreted as defined in section 3.2.7.
6.6 nextUpdate and requestNonce
These items are used to indicate whether policy responses are
specific to policy requests. Where policy responses are cached,
these items indicate when the information will be updated. The
optional nextUpdate item indicates the time by which the next policy
response will be published. The optional requestNonce item links
the response to a specific request by returning the nonce provided
in the request.
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If the nextUpdate item is omitted it indicates a non-cached response
generated in response to a specific request (i.e. the ValPolResponse
is bound to a specific request). If this item is omitted the
requestNonce item MUST be present and MUST include the requestNonce
value from the request.
If the nextUpdate item is present it indicates a cached response
that is not bound to a specific request. An SCVP server MUST
periodically generate a new response as defined by the next update
time, but MAY use the same ValPolResponse to respond to multiple
requests. The requestNonce is omitted if the nextUpdate item is
present.
It is a matter of local server policy to return a cached or non-
cached specific response.
GeneralizedTime values in nextUpdate MUST be expressed Greenwich
Mean Time (Zulu) as specified in section 3.2.7.
6.7 validationPolicies
The validationPolicies item contains a sequence of object
identifiers representing the validation policies supported by the
server. It is a matter of local policy if the server wishes to
process requests using the default validation policy, and if it does
not, then it MUST NOT include the id-svp-defaultValPolicy in this
list.
6.8 validationAlgs
The validationAlgs item contains a sequence of OIDs. Each OID
identifies a validation algorithm supported by the server.
6.9 authPolicies
The authPolicies item contains a sequence of policy references for
authenticating to the SCVP server.
The reference to the authentication policy is an OID that the client
and server have agreed represents an authentication policy. The
list of policies is intended to document to the client if
authentication is required for some requests and if so how.
AuthPolicy ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER
6.10 responseTypes
responseTypes allows the server to publish the range of response
types it supports. Cached only means the server will only return
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cached responses to requests. Non-cached only means the server will
return a specific response to the request i.e. containing the
requestor's nonce. Both means the server will return either,
depending on the request.
6.11 revocationInfoTypes
revocationInfoTypes allows the server to indicate the sources of
revocation information that it is capable of processing. For each
bit in the RevocationInfoTypes bit string, the server MUST set the
bit to one if it is capable of processing the corresponding
revocation information type and to zero if it can not.
6.12 defaultPolicyValues
This is the default validation policy used by the server. It
contains a RespValidationPolicy, which is defined in section 4.5.
All OPTIONAL items in the validationPolicy item MUST be populated.
A server will use these default values when the request references
the default validation policy and the client does not override the
default values by supplying other values in the request.
This allows the client to optimize the request by omitting
parameters that match the server default values.
6.13 signatureGeneration
This sequence specifies the set of digital signature algorithms
supported by an SCVP server for signing CVResponse messages. Each
digital signature algorithm is specified as an AlgorithmIdentifier,
using the encoding rules associated with the signatureAlgorithm
field in a public key certificate [PKIX-1]. Supported algorithms
are defined in [PKIX-ALG] and [PKIX-ALG2], but other signature
algorithms may also be supported.
By including an algorithm (e.g., RSA with SHA-1) in this list, the
server states that it has a private key and corresponding certified
public key for that asymmetric algorithm, and supports the specified
hash algorithm. The list is ordered; the first digital signature
algorithm is the server's default algorithm. The default algorithm
will be used by the server to protect signed messages unless the
client specifies another algorithm.
For servers that do not have an online private key, and cannot sign
CVResponse messages, the signatureGeneration item is encoded as an
empty sequence.
6.14 signatureVerification
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This sequence specifies the set of digital signature algorithms that
can be verified by this SCVP server. Each digital signature
algorithm is specified as an AlgorithmIdentifier, using the encoding
rules associated with the signatureAlgorithm field in a public key
certificate [PKIX-1]. Supported algorithms are defined in [PKIX-
ALG] and [PKIX-ALG2], but other signature algorithms may also be
supported.
For servers that do not verify signatures on CVRequest messages, the
signatureVerification item is encoded as an empty sequence.
6.15 hashAlgorithms
This sequence specifies the set of hash algorithms that the server
can use to hash certificates and requests. The list is ordered; the
first hash algorithm is the server's default algorithm. The default
algorithm will be used by the server to compute hashes included in
responses unless the client specifies another algorithm. Each hash
algorithm is specified as an object identifier. [PKIX-ALG2]
specifies object identifiers for SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384,
and SHA-512. Other hash algorithms may also be supported.
6.16 serverPublicKeys
The serverPublicKeys item is a sequence of one or more key agreement
public keys and associated parameters. It is used by clients making
AuthenticatedData requests to the server. Each item in the
serverPublicKeys sequence is of the KeyAgreePublicKey type:
KeyAgreePublicKey ::= SEQUENCE {
algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
publicKey BIT STRING,
macAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
kDF AlgorithmIdentifier OPTIONAL }
The KeyAgreePublicKey includes the algorithm identifier and the
server's public key. SCVP servers that support the key agreement
mode of AuthenticatedData for SCVP requests MUST support
serverPublicKeys and the Diffie-Hellman key agreement algorithm as
specified in [PKIX-ALG]. SCVP servers that support serverPublicKeys
MUST support the 1024-bit MODP group key (group 2) as defined in
[IKE]. SCVP servers that support serverPublicKeys MAY support other
Diffie-Hellman groups [IKE-GROUPS], as well as other key agreement
algorithms.
The macAlgorithm item specifies the symmetric algorithm the server
expects the client to use with the result of the key agreement
algorithm. A key derivation function (KDF), which derives symmetric
key material from the key agreement result, may be implied by the
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macAlgorithm. Alternatively, the KDF may be explicitly specified
using the optional kDF item.
6.17 clockSkew
The clockSkew item is the number of minutes the server will allow
for clock skew. The default value of 10 minutes.
7 SCVP Server Relay
In some network environments, especially ones that include
firewalls, an SCVP server might not be able to obtain all of the
information that it needs to process a request. However, the server
might be configured to use the services of one or more other SCVP
servers to fulfill all requests. In such cases, the SCVP client is
unaware that the initial SCVP server is using the services of other
SCVP servers. The initial SCVP server acts as a client to another
SCVP server. Unlike the original client, the SCVP server is
expected to have moderate computing and memory resources. This
section describes SCVP server-to-SCVP server exchanges. This
section does not impose any requirements on SCVP clients that are
not also SCVP servers. Further, this section does not impose any
requirements on SCVP servers that do not relay requests to other
SCVP servers.
When one SCVP server relays a request to another server, in an
incorrectly configured system of servers, it is possible that the
same request will be relayed back again. Any SCVP server that
relays requests MUST implement the conventions described in this
section to detect and break loops.
When an SCVP server relays a request, the request MUST include the
requestorRef item. If the request to be relayed already contains a
requestorRef item, then the server-generated request MUST contain a
requestorRef item constructed from this value and an additional
GeneralName that contains an identifier of the SCVP server. If the
request to be relayed does not contain a requestorRef item, then the
server-generated request MUST contain a requestorRef item that
includes a GeneralName that contains an identifier of the SCVP
server.
To prevent false loop detection, servers should use identifiers that
are unique within their network of cooperating SCVP servers. SCVP
servers that support relay SHOULD populate this item with the DNS
name of the server or the distinguished name in the server's
certificate. SCVP servers MAY choose other procedures for
generating identifiers that are unique within their community.
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When an SVCP server receives a request that contains a requestorRef
item, the server MUST check the sequence of names in the
requestorRef item for its own identifier. If the server discovers
its own identifier in the requestor item, it MUST respond with an
error, setting the cvResponseStatus to 40.
When an SCVP server generates a non-cached response to a relayed
request, the server MUST include the requestorRef item from the
request in the response.
8 SCVP ASN.1 Module
This section defines the syntax for SCVP request-response pairs.
The semantics for the messages are defined in sections 3, 4, 5, and
6. The SCVP ASN.1 module follows.
SCVP
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) 21 }
DEFINITIONS IMPLICIT TAGS ::= BEGIN
IMPORTS
AlgorithmIdentifier, Attribute, Certificate, Extensions,
-- Import UTF8String if required by compiler
-- UTF8String, -- CertificateList, CertificateSerialNumber
FROM PKIX1Explicit88 -- RFC 3280
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) 18 }
GeneralNames, GeneralName, KeyUsage, KeyPurposeId
FROM PKIX1Implicit88 -- RFC 3280
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) 19 }
AttributeCertificate
FROM PKIXAttributeCertificate -- RFC 3281
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) 12 }
OCSPResponse
FROM OCSP -- RFC 2560
{ iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1)
security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) id-mod(0) 14 }
ContentInfo
FROM CryptographicMessageSyntax -- RFC 3369
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{ iso(1) member-body(2) us(840) rsadsi(113549)
pkcs(1) pkcs-9(9) smime(16) modules(0) cms-2001(14) } ;
-- SCVP Certificate Validation Request
id-ct OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) member-body(2)
us(840) rsadsi(113549) pkcs(1) pkcs9(9)
id-smime(16) 1 }
id-ct-scvp-certValRequest OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-ct 10 }
CVRequest ::= SEQUENCE {
cvRequestVersion INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
query Query,
requestorRef [0] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
requestNonce [1] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
requestorName [2] GeneralName OPTIONAL,
responderName [3] GeneralName OPTIONAL,
reqestExtensions [4] Extensions OPTIONAL,
signatureAlg [5] AlgorithmIdentifier OPTIONAL,
hashAlg [6] OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
requestorText [7] UTF8String (SIZE (1..256)) OPTIONAL }
Query ::= SEQUENCE {
queriedCerts CertReferences,
checks CertChecks,
wantBack [1] WantBack OPTIONAL,
validationPolicy ValidationPolicy,
responseFlags ResponseFlags OPTIONAL,
serverContextInfo [2] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
validationTime [3] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
intermediateCerts [4] CertBundle OPTIONAL,
revInfos [5] RevocationInfos OPTIONAL,
producedAt [6] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
queryExtensions [7] Extensions OPTIONAL }
CertReferences ::= CHOICE {
pkcRefs [0] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF PKCReference,
acRefs [1] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF ACReference }
CertReference::= CHOICE {
pkc PKCReference,
ac ACReference }
PKCReference ::= CHOICE {
cert [0] Certificate,
pkcRef [1] CertID }
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ACReference ::= CHOICE {
attrCert [2] AttributeCertificate,
acRef [3] CertID }
CertID ::= SEQUENCE {
certHash OCTET STRING,
issuerSerial IssuerSerial,
hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier DEFAULT { sha-1 } }
IssuerSerial ::= SEQUENCE {
issuer GeneralNames,
serialNumber CertificateSerialNumber
}
ValidationPolicy ::= SEQUENCE {
validationPolRef ValidationPolRef,
validationAlg [0] ValidationAlg OPTIONAL,
userPolicySet [1] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT
IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
inhibitPolicyMapping [2] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
requireExplicitPolicy [3] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
inhibitAnyPolicy [4] BOOLEAN OPTIONAL,
trustAnchors [5] TrustAnchors OPTIONAL,
keyUsages [6] SEQUENCE OF KeyUsage OPTIONAL,
extendedKeyUsages [7] SEQUENCE OF KeyPurposeId OPTIONAL }
CertChecks ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER
WantBack ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER
ValidationPolRef ::= SEQUENCE {
valPolId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
valPolParams ANY DEFINED BY valPolId OPTIONAL }
ValidationAlg ::= SEQUENCE {
valAlgId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
parameters ANY DEFINED BY valAlgId OPTIONAL }
NameValidationAlgParms ::= SEQUENCE {
nameCompAlgId OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
validationNames GeneralNames }
TrustAnchors ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF PKCReference
KeyAgreePublicKey ::= SEQUENCE {
algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
publicKey BIT STRING,
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macAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier,
kDF AlgorithmIdentifier OPTIONAL }
ResponseFlags ::= SEQUENCE {
fullRequestInResponse [0] BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
responseValidationPolByRef [1] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
protectResponse [2] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
cachedResponse [3] BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE }
CertBundle ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF Certificate
RevocationInfos ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF RevocationInfo
RevocationInfo ::= CHOICE {
crl [0] CertificateList,
delta-crl [1] CertificateList,
ocsp [2] OCSPResponse,
other [3] OtherRevInfo }
OtherRevInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
riType OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
riValue ANY DEFINED BY riType }
-- SCVP Certificate Validation Response
id-ct-scvp-certValResponse OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-ct 11 }
CVResponse ::= SEQUENCE {
cvResponseVersion INTEGER,
serverConfigurationID INTEGER,
producedAt GeneralizedTime,
responseStatus ResponseStatus,
respValidationPolicy [0] RespValidationPolicy OPTIONAL,
requestRef [1] RequestReference OPTIONAL,
requestorRef [2] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
requestorName [3] GeneralNames OPTIONAL,
replyObjects [4] ReplyObjects OPTIONAL,
respNonce [5] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
serverContextInfo [6] OCTET STRING OPTIONAL,
cvResponseExtensions [7] Extensions OPTIONAL,
requestorText [8] UTF8String (SIZE (1..256)) OPTIONAL }
ResponseStatus ::= SEQUENCE {
statusCode CVStatusCode DEFAULT okay,
errorMessage UTF8String OPTIONAL }
CVStatusCode ::= ENUMERATED {
okay (0),
skipUnrecognizedItems (1),
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tooBusy (10),
invalidRequest (11),
internalError (12),
badStructure (20),
unsupportedVersion (21),
abortUnrecognizedItems (22),
unrecognizedSigKey (23),
badSignatureOrMAC (24),
unableToDecode (25),
notAuthorized (26),
unsupportedChecks (27),
unsupportedWantBacks (28),
unsupportedSignatureOrMAC (29),
invalidSignatureOrMAC (30),
protectedResponseUnsupported (31),
unrecognizedResponderName (32),
relayingLoop (40),
unrecognizedValPol (50),
unrecognizedValAlg (51),
fullRequestInResponseUnsupported (52),
fullPolResponseUnsupported (53),
inhibitPolicyMappingUnsuported (54),
requireExplicitPolicyUnsupported (55),
inhibitAnyPolicyUnsupported (56),
validityTimeUnsupported (57),
unrecognizedCritQueryExt (63),
unrecognizedCritRequestExt (64) }
RespValidationPolicy ::= ValidationPolicy
RequestReference ::= CHOICE {
requestHash [0] HashValue, -- hash of CVRequest
fullRequest [1] CVRequest }
HashValue ::= SEQUENCE {
algorithm AlgorithmIdentifier DEFAULT { sha-1 },
value OCTET STRING }
sha-1 OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
oiw(14) secsig(3) algorithm(2) 26 }
ReplyObjects ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF CertReply
CertReply ::= SEQUENCE {
cert CertReference,
replyStatus ReplyStatus DEFAULT success,
replyValTime GeneralizedTime,
replyChecks ReplyChecks,
replyWantBacks ReplyWantBacks,
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validationErrors [0] SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF
OBJECT IDENTIFIER OPTIONAL,
nextUpdate [1] GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
certReplyExtensions [2] Extensions OPTIONAL }
ReplyStatus ::= ENUMERATED {
success (0),
malformedPKC (1),
malformedAC (2),
unavailableValidityTime (3),
referenceCertHashFail (4),
certPathConstructFail (5),
certPathNotValid (6),
certPathNotValidNow (7),
wantBackUnsatisfied (8) }
ReplyChecks ::= SEQUENCE OF ReplyCheck
ReplyCheck ::= SEQUENCE {
check OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
status INTEGER DEFAULT 0 }
ReplyWantBacks ::= SEQUENCE OF ReplyWantBack
ReplyWantBack::= SEQUENCE {
wb OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
value OCTET STRING }
CertBundles ::= SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF CertBundle
RevInfoWantBack ::= SEQUENCE {
revocationInfo RevocationInfos,
extraCerts CertBundle OPTIONAL }
SCVPResponses ::= SEQUENCE OF ContentInfo
-- SCVP Validation Policies Request
id-ct-scvp-valPolRequest OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-ct 12 }
ValPolRequest ::= SEQUENCE {
vpRequestVersion INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
requestNonce OCTET STRING }
-- SCVP Validation Policies Response
id-ct-scvp-valPolResponse OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-ct 13 }
ValPolResponse ::= SEQUENCE {
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vpResponseVersion INTEGER,
maxCVResponseVersion INTEGER,
maxVPResponseVersion INTEGER,
serverConfigurationID INTEGER,
thisUpdate GeneralizedTime,
nextUpdate GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL,
validationPolices SEQUENCE OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
validationAlgs SEQUENCE OF OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
authPolicies SEQUENCE OF AuthPolicy,
responseTypes ResponseTypes,
defaultPolicyValues RespValidationPolicy,
revocationInfoTypes RevocationInfoTypes,
signatureGeneration SEQUENCE OF AlgorithmIdentifier,
signatureVerification SEQUENCE OF AlgorithmIdentifier,
hashAlgorithms SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF
OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
serverPublicKeys SEQUENCE OF KeyAgreePublicKey
OPTIONAL,
clockSkew INTEGER DEFAULT 10,
requestNonce OCTET STRING OPTIONAL }
ResponseTypes ::= ENUMERATED {
cached-only (0),
non-cached-only (1),
cached-and-non-cached (2) }
RevocationInfoTypes ::= BIT STRING {
fullCRLs (0),
deltaCRLs (1),
indirectCRLs (2),
oCSPResponses (3) }
AuthPolicy ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER
-- SCVP Check Identifiers
id-stc OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 17 }
id-stc-build-pkc-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 1 }
id-stc-build-valid-pkc-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 2 }
id-stc-build-status-checked-pkc-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 3 }
id-stc-build-aa-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 4 }
id-stc-build-valid-aa-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 5 }
id-stc-build-status-checked-aa-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 6 }
id-stc-status-check-ac-and-build-status-checked-aa-path
OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-stc 7 }
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-- SCVP WantBack Identifiers
id-swb OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 18 }
id-swb-pkc-best-cert-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 1 }
id-swb-pkc-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 2 }
id-swb-pkc-public-key-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 4 }
id-swb-aa-cert-path OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 5 }
id-swb-aa-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 6 }
id-swb-ac-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 7 }
id-swb-relayed-responses OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 9 }
id-swb-pkc-cert OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 10}
id-swb-ac-cert OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 11}
id-swb-pkc-all-cert-paths OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 12}
id-swb-pkc-ee-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 13}
id-swb-pkc-CAs-revocation-info OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-swb 14}
-- SCVP Validation Policy and Algorithm Identifiers
id-svp OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 19 }
id-svp-defaultValPolicy OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 1 }
-- SCVP Basic Validation Algorithm Identifier
id-svp-basicValAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 3 }
-- SCVP Basic Validation Algorithm Errors
id-bvae OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= id-svp-basicValAlg
id-bvae-expired OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 1 }
id-bvae-not-yet-valid OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 2 }
id-bvae-wrongTrustAnchor OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 3 }
id-bvae-noValidCertPath OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 4 }
id-bvae-revoked OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 5 }
id-bvae-invalidKeyPurpose OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 9 }
id-bvae-invalidKeyUsage OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 10 }
id-bvae-invalidCertPolicy OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-bvae 11 }
-- SCVP Name Validation Algorithm Identifier
id-svp-nameValAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 2 }
-- SCVP Name Validation Algorithm DN comparison algorithm
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id-nva-dnCompAlg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-svp 4 }
-- SCVP Name Validation Algorithm Errors
id-nvae OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= id-svp-nameValAlg
id-nvae-name-mismatch OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 1 }
id-nvae-no-name OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 2 }
id-nvae-unknown-alg OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 3 }
id-nvae-bad-name OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 4 }
id-nvae-bad-name-type OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 5 }
id-nvae-mixed-names OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-nvae 6 }
-- SCVP Extended Key Usage Key Purpose Identifiers
id-kp OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { iso(1) identified-organization(3)
dod(6) internet(1) security(5) mechanisms(5) pkix(7) 3 }
id-kp-scvpServer OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-kp 15 }
id-kp-scvpClient OBJECT IDENTIFIER ::= { id-kp 16 }
END
9 Security Considerations
For security considerations specific to the Cryptographic Message
Syntax message formats, see [CMS]. For security considerations
specific to the process of PKI certificate path validation, see
[PKIX-1].
A client that trusts a server's response for validation of a
certificate inherently trusts that server as much as it would trust
its own validation software. This means that if an attacker
compromises a trusted SCVP server, the attacker can change the
validation processing for every client that relies on that server.
Thus, an SCVP server must be protected at least as well as the trust
anchors that the SCVP server trusts.
Clients MUST verify that the response matches their original
request. Clients need to ensure that the server has performed the
appropriate checks for the correct certificates under the requested
validation policy for the specified validation time, and that the
response includes the requested want backs and meets the client's
freshness requirements.
When the SCVP response is used to determine the validity of a
certificate, the client MUST validate the digital signature or MAC
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on the response to ensure that the expected SCVP server generated
it. If the client does not check the digital signature or MAC on
the response, a man-in-the-middle attack could fool the client into
believing modified responses from the server, or responses to
questions the client did not ask.
If the client does not include a requestNonce item, or if the client
does not check that the requestNonce in the response matches the
value in the request, an attacker can replay previous responses from
the SCVP server.
If the server does not require some sort of authorization (such as
signed requests), an attacker can get the server to respond to
arbitrary requests. Such responses may give the attacker
information about weaknesses in the server or about the timeliness
of the server's checking. This information may be valuable for a
future attack.
If the server uses the serverContextInfo item to indicate some
server state associated with a requestor, implementers must take
appropriate measures against denial of service attacks where an
attacker sends in a lot of requests at one time to force the server
to keep a lot of state information.
SCVP does not include any confidentiality mechanisms. If
confidentiality is needed, it can be achieved with a lower-layer
security protocol.
If an SCVP client is not operating on a network with good physical
protection, it must ensure that there is integrity over the SCVP
request-response pair. The client can ensure integrity by using a
protected transport such as TLS. It can ensure integrity by using
MACs or digital signatures to individually protect the request and
response messages.
If an SCVP client populates the userPolicySet in a request with a
value other than anyPolicy, but does not set the
requireExplicitPolicy flag, the server may return an affirmative
answer for paths that do not satisfy any of the specified policies.
In general, when a client populates the userPolicySet in a request
with a value other than anyPolicy, the requireExplicitPolicy flag
should also be set. This guarantees that all valid paths satisfy at
least one of the requested policies.
In SCVP, historical validation of a certificate returns the known
status of the certificate at the time specified in validationTime.
This may be used to demonstrate due diligence, but does not
necessarily provide the most complete information. A certificate
may have been revoked after the time specified in validationTime,
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but the revocation notice may specify an invalidity date that
precedes the validationTime. The SCVP server would provide an
affirmative response even though the most current information
available indicates the certificate should not be trusted at that
time. SCVP clients may wish to specify a validationTime later than
the actual time of interest to mitigate this risk.
10 IANA Considerations
The details of SCVP requests and responses are communicated using
Object Identifiers (OIDs). The objects are defined in an arc
delegated by IANA to the PKIX Working Group. This document also
includes four MIME type registrations in Appendix A. No further
action by IANA is necessary for this document or any anticipated
updates.
11 References
Normative and informative references are provided.
11.1 Normative References
[STDWORDS] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt
[CMS] Housley, R., "Cryptographic Message Syntax", RFC 3369,August
2002.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3369.txt
[OCSP] Myers, M., R. Ankney, A. Malpani, S. Galperin and C.
Adams, "X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure - Online
Certificate Status Protocol - OCSP", RFC 2560, June 1999.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2560.txt
[PKIX-1] Housley, R., T. Polk, W. Ford and D. Solo, "Internet
X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", RFC 3280,
April 2002.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3280.txt
[PKIX-AC] Farrell, S. and R. Housley, "An Internet Attribute
Certificate Profile for Authorization", RFC 3281, April
2002.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3281.txt
[PKIX-ALG] Polk, W., R. Housley and L. Bassham, "Algorithms and
Identifiers for the Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation
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List (CRL) Profile", RFC 3279, April 2002.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3279.txt
[PKIX-ALG2] Schaad, J., B. Kaliski and R. Housley, "Additional
Algorithms and Identifiers for RSA Cryptography for use
in the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure
Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL)
Profile", RFC 4055, June 2005.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4055.txt
[SHA] National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Secure
Hash Standard", NIST FIPS Pub 180-2, August 2002.
[UTF8] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
10646", RFC 2279, January 1998.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2279.txt
[ESS] Hoffman, P., "Enhanced Security Services for S/MIME", RFC
2634, June 1999.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2634.txt
[HTTP-TLS] Rescorla, E., "HTTP Over TLS", RFC2818, May 2000.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2818.txt
[SMIME-CERT] B. Ramsdell, Ed. "Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions (S/MIME) Version 3.1 Certificate Handling"
RFC3850, July 2004.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3850.txt
[IKE] Harkins, D. and D. Carrel. "The Internet Key Exchange
(IKE)", RFC2409, November 1998.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2409.txt
11.2 Informative References
[HTTP] Fielding, R., J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L.
Masinter, P. Leach and T. Berners-Lee, "Hypertext
Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1", RFC 2616, June 1999.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt
[IKE-GROUPS] Kivinen, T. and M. Kojo "More Modular Exponential (MODP)
Diffie-Hellman groups for Internet Key Exchange (IKE)",
RFC3526, May 2003.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3526.txt
[RQMTS] Pinkas, D. and R. Housley, "Delegated Path Validation and
Delegated Path Discovery Protocol Requirements", RFC
3379, September 2002.
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3379.txt
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12 Intellectual Property Rights
The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed
to pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described
in this document or the extent to which any license under such
rights might or might not be available; nor does it represent that
it has made any independent effort to identify any such rights.
Information on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC
documents can be found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use
of such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository
at http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-
ipr@ietf.org.
13 Acknowledgments
The lively debate in the PKIX Working Group has made a significant
impact on this protocol. Special thanks to the following for their
contributions to this standard and diligence in greatly improving
this document.
Paul Hoffman
Phillip Hallam-Baker
Mike Myers
Frank Balluffi
Ameya Talwalkar
John Thielens
Peter Sylvester
Yuriy Dzambasow
Sean P. Turner
Wen-Cheng Wang
Francis Dupont
Dave Engberg
Faisal Maqsood
Thanks also to working group chair Steve Kent for his support and
help.
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14 Authors' Addresses
Trevor Freeman
Microsoft Corporation,
One Microsoft way.
Redmond, WA 98052
USA.
trevorf@microsoft.com
Russell Housley
Vigil Security, LLC
918 Spring Knoll Drive
Herndon, VA 20170
USA
housley@Vigilsec.com
Ambarish Malpani
Malpani Consulting Services
ambarish@malpani.biz
David Cooper
National Institute of Standards and Technology
100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8930
Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8930
david.cooper@nist.gov
Tim Polk
National Institute of Standards and Technology
100 Bureau Drive, Mail Stop 8930
Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8930
tim.polk@nist.gov
Appendix A -- MIME Registrations
Four MIME type registrations are provided in this appendix.
A.1 application/cv-request
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of MIME media type application/cv-request
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: cv-request
Required parameters: format
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Optional parameters: None
Encoding considerations: binary
Security considerations: Carries a request for information. This
request may optionally be cryptographically protected.
Interoperability considerations: None
Published specification: IETF PKIX Working Group Draft on Server-
based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP)
Applications that use this media type: SCVP clients
Additional information:
Magic number(s): None
File extension(s): .SCQ
Macintosh File Type Code(s): none
Person & email address to contact for further information:
Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller:
Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
A.2 application/cv-response
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of MIME media type application/cv-response
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: cv-response
Required parameters: format
Optional parameters: None
Encoding considerations: binary
Security considerations: The client may require that this response
be cryptographically protected, or may choose to use secure
transport mechanism. DPD responses may be unprotected, but the
client validates the information provided in the request.
Interoperability considerations: None
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Published specification: IETF PKIX Working Group Draft on Server-
based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP)
Applications that use this media type: SCVP servers
Additional information:
Magic number(s): None
File extension(s): .SCS
Macintosh File Type Code(s): none
Person & email address to contact for further information:
Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller: Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
A.3 application/vp-request
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of MIME media type application/vp-request
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: vp-request
Required parameters: format
Optional parameters: None
Encoding considerations: binary
Security considerations: Carries a request for information.
Interoperability considerations: None
Published specification: IETF PKIX Working Group Draft on Server-
based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP)
Applications that use this media type: SCVP clients
Additional information:
Magic number(s): None
File extension(s): .SPQ
Macintosh File Type Code(s): none
Person & email address to contact for further information:
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Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller: Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
A.4 application/vp-response
To: ietf-types@iana.org
Subject: Registration of MIME media type application/vp-response
MIME media type name: application
MIME subtype name: vp-response
Required parameters: format
Optional parameters: None
Encoding considerations: Binary
Security considerations: None
Interoperability considerations: None
Published specification: IETF PKIX Working Group Draft on Server-
based Certificate Validation Protocol (SCVP)
Applications that use this media type: SCVP servers
Additional information:
Magic number(s): None
File extension(s): .SPP
Macintosh File Type Code(s): none
Person & email address to contact for further information:
Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
Intended usage: COMMON
Author/Change controller:
Ambarish Malpani <ambarish@malpani.biz>
Appendix B -- SCVP over HTTP
This appendix describes the formatting conventions for the SCVP
request and response when carried by HTTP.
B.1 SCVP Request
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HTTP based SCVP requests can use the POST method to submit their
requests. Where privacy is a requirement, SCVP transactions
exchanged using HTTP MAY be protected using either TLS/SSL or some
other lower layer protocol.
An SCVP request using the POST method is constructed as follows:
The Content-Type header MUST have the value "application/cv-
request".
The Content-Length header MUST be present and have the exact
length of the request.
The body of the message is the binary value of the DER encoding
of the CVRequest, wrapped in a CMS body as described in
Section 3. Other HTTP headers MAY be present and MAY be
ignored if not understood by the requestor.
Sample Content-Type headers are:
Content-Type: application/cv-request
B.2 SCVP Response
An HTTP-based SCVP response is composed of the appropriate HTTP
headers, followed by the binary value of the BER encoding of the
CVResponse, wrapped in a CMS body as described in Section 4.
The Content-Type header MUST have the value "application/cv-
response".
The Content-Length header MUST be present and specify the length of
the response.
Other HTTP headers MAY be present and MAY be ignored if not
understood by the requestor.
B.3 SCVP Policy Request
HTTP based SCVP policy requests can use the POST method to submit
their requests. Where privacy is a requirement, SCVP transactions
exchanged using HTTP MAY be protected using either TLS/SSL or some
other lower layer protocol.
An SCVP request using the POST method is constructed as follows:
The Content-Type header MUST have the value "application/vp-
request".
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The Content-Length header MUST be present and have the exact
length of the request.
The body of the message is the binary value of the BER encoding
of the ValPolRequest, wrapped in a CMS body as described in
Section 5. Other HTTP headers MAY be present and
MAY be ignored if not understood by the requestor.
Sample Content-Type headers are:
Content-Type: application/vp-request
B.4 SCVP Policy Response
An HTTP-based SCVP policy response is composed of the appropriate
HTTP headers, followed by the binary value of the DER encoding of
the ValPolResponse, wrapped in a CMS body as described in Section 6.
The Content-Type header MUST have the value "application/vp-
response".
The Content-Length header MUST be present and specify the length of
the response.
Other HTTP headers MAY be present and MAY be ignored if not
understood by the requestor.
Full Copyright Statement
Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2006). This document is subject
to the rights, licenses and restrictions contained in BCP 78, and
except as set forth therein, the authors retain all their rights.
This document and the information contained herein are provided on
an "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE
REPRESENTS OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE
INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published
and distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any
kind, provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph
are included on all such copies and derivative works. In addition,
the ASN.1 modules presented may be used in whole or in part without
inclusion of the copyright notice. However, this document itself
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may not be modified in any way, such as by removing the copyright
notice or references to the Internet Society or other Internet
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defined in the Internet Standards process shall be followed, or as
required to translate it into languages other than English.
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