Network Working Group                                            G. Zorn
Internet-Draft                                     Microsoft Corporation
Updates: RFC 2138                                              D. Leifer
Category: Standards Track                                      A. Rubens
<draft-ietf-radius-tunnel-auth-05.txt>             Ascend Communications
                                                              J. Shriver
                                                       Shiva Corporation
                                                              April 1998




             RADIUS Attributes for Tunnel Protocol Support



1.  Status of this Memo

This  document  is an Internet-Draft.  Internet-Drafts are working docu-
ments of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and  its
working groups.  Note that other groups may also distribute working doc-
uments as Internet-Drafts.

Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum  of  six  months
and  may  be  updated,  replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time.  It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference  material
or to cite them other than as work in progress.''

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(Pacific Rim), ftp.ietf.org (US East Coast), or ftp.isi.edu
(US West Coast).

The distribution of this memo is unlimited.  It is filed as <draft-ietf-
radius-tunnel-auth-05.txt>,  and  expires  October 5, 1997.  Please send
comments to the RADIUS  Working  Group  mailing  list  (ietf-radius@liv-
ingston.com)   or   to   the   authors   (leifer@del.com,   acr@del.com,
jas@shiva.com and glennz@microsoft.com).


2.  Abstract

This document defines a set of RADIUS attributes designed to support the
provision of compulsory tunneling in dial-up networks.







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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


3.  Motivation

Many  applications  of tunneling protocols such as PPTP and L2TP involve
dial-up network access.  Some, such as the provision of secure access to
corporate  intranets  via  the  Internet, are characterized by voluntary
tunneling: the tunnel is created at the request of the user for  a  spe-
cific  purpose.   Other  applications  involve compulsory tunneling: the
tunnel is created without any action from the user and without  allowing
the  user any choice in the matter.  Examples of applications that might
be implemented using compulsory tunnels are  Internet  software  upgrade
servers,  software registration servers and banking services.  These are
all services which, without compulsory tunneling, would probably be pro-
vided  using  dedicated  networks  or  at least dedicated network access
servers (NAS), since they are characterized by the need  to  limit  user
access to specific hosts.  Given the existence of widespread support for
compulsory tunneling, however, these types of services could be accessed
via  any  Internet  service  provider  (ISP).  The most popular means of
authorizing dial-up network users today is through the RADIUS  protocol.
The  use of RADIUS allows the dial-up users' authorization and authenti-
cation data to be maintained in a central location, rather than on  each
NAS.   It  makes  sense to use RADIUS to centrally administer compulsory
tunneling, since RADIUS is widely deployed and  was  designed  to  carry
this  type  of information.  In order to provide this functionality, new
RADIUS attributes are needed to carry the tunneling information from the
RADIUS  server  to  the  tunnel  initiator;  this document defines those
attributes.  Specific recommendations for, and examples of, the applica-
tion of these attributes for the L2TP and PPTP protocols can be found in
draft-ietf-radius-tunnel-imp-XX.txt.


4.  Specification of Requirements

In this document, the key words "MAY", "MUST,  "MUST  NOT",  "optional",
"recommended",  "SHOULD",  and  "SHOULD  NOT",  are to be interpreted as
described in [14].


5.  Attributes

Multiple instances of each  of  the  attributes  defined  below  may  be
included  in a single RADIUS packet.  In this case, the attributes to be
applied to any given tunnel SHOULD all contain the same value  in  their
respective Tag fields; otherwise, the Tag field SHOULD NOT be used.

If the RADIUS server returns attributes describing multiple tunnels then
the tunnels SHOULD be interpreted by the tunnel  initiator  as  alterna-
tives and the server SHOULD include an instance of the Tunnel-Preference
Attribute in the  set  of  Attributes  pertaining  to  each  alternative



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


tunnel.   Similarly, if the RADIUS client includes multiple sets of tun-
nel Attributes in an Access-Request packet, all the Attributes  pertain-
ing  to a given tunnel SHOULD contain the same value in their respective
Tag fiels and each set SHOULD include an appropriately  valued  instance
of the Tunnel-Preference Attribute.

5.1.  Tunnel-Type

   Description

      This Attribute indicates the tunneling protocol(s) to be used.  It
      MAY be included in Access-Request, Access-Accept  and  Accounting-
      Request  packets.   If  the Tunnel-Type Attribute is present in an
      Access-Request packet, it SHOULD be taken as a hint to the  RADIUS
      server as to the tunnelling protocols supported by the tunnel ini-
      tiator; the RADIUS server MAY ignore the hint, however.  A  tunnel
      initiator  is not required to implement any of these tunnel types;
      if a tunnel initiator receives an Access-Accept packet which  con-
      tains only unknown or unsupported Tunnel-Types, the tunnel initia-
      tor MUST behave as  though  an  Access-Reject  had  been  received
      instead.

   A  summary  of  the Tunnel-Type Attribute format is shown below.  The
   fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |     Tag       |     Value
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
               Value (cont)        |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Type
      64 for Tunnel-Type

   Length
      Always 6.

   Tag
      The Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide  a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same tunnel.  Valid values for this field are 0x01  through  0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the Tag field is unused, it MUST be zero.

   Value
      The  Value field is three octets and contains one of the following
      values, indicating the type of tunnel to be started.



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


       1      Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) [1]
       2      Layer Two Forwarding (L2F) [2]
       3      Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) [3]
       4      Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol (ATMP) [4]
       5      Virtual Tunneling Protocol (VTP) [5]
       6      IP Authentication Header in the Tunnel-mode (AH) [6]
       7      IP-in-IP Encapsulation (IP-IP) [7]
       8      Minimal IP-in-IP Encapsulation (MIN-IP-IP) [8]
       9      IP Encapsulating Security Payload in the Tunnel-mode (ESP) [9]
       10     Generic Route Encapsulation (GRE) [10]
       11     Bay Dial Virtual Services (DVS)
       12     IP-in-IP Tunneling [11]


5.2.  Tunnel-Medium-Type

   Description

      The Tunnel-Medium-Type Attribute indicates which transport  medium
      to  use  when creating a tunnel for those protocols (such as L2TP)
      that can operate over multiple transports.  It MAY be included  in
      both Access-Request and Access-Accept packets; if it is present in
      an Access-Request packet, it SHOULD be taken  as  a  hint  to  the
      RADIUS  server  as  to  the tunnel mediums supported by the tunnel
      initiator.  The RADIUS server MAY ignore the hint, however.

   A summary of the Tunnel-Medium-Type Attribute format is given  below.
   The fields are transmitted left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |      Tag      |    Value      |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
              Value (cont)         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Type
      65 for Tunnel-Medium-Type

   Length
      6

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the Tag field is unused, it MUST be zero  (0x0000).



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


   Value
      The  Value  field  is  three octets and contains one of the values
      listed under "Address Family Numbers" in [15].  For  the  sake  of
      convenience,  a relevant excerpt of this list is reproduced below.

       1      IP (IP version 4)
       2      IP6 (IP version 6)
       3      NSAP
       4      HDLC (8-bit multidrop)
       5      BBN 1822
       6      802 (includes all 802 media plus Ethernet "canonical format")
       7      E.163 (POTS)
       8      E.164 (SMDS, Frame Relay, ATM)
       9      F.69 (Telex)
       10     X.121 (X.25, Frame Relay)
       11     IPX
       12     Appletalk
       13     Decnet IV
       14     Banyan Vines
       15     E.164 with NSAP format subaddress


5.3.  Tunnel-Client-Endpoint

   Description

      This Attribute contains the address of the initiator  end  of  the
      tunnel.   It  MAY  be  included in both Access-Request and Access-
      Accept packets to indicate the address from which a new tunnel  is
      to  be  initiated.   If  the  Tunnel-Client-Endpoint  Attribute is
      included in an Access-Request packet,  the  RADIUS  server  should
      take the value as a hint; the server is not obligated to honor the
      hint, however.  It SHOULD be included in Accounting-Request  pack-
      ets  which  contain  Acct-Status-Type  attributes  with  values of
      either Start or Stop, in which case it indicates the address  from
      which  the  tunnel  was initiated.  This Attribute, along with the
      Tunnel-Server-Endpoint and  Acct-Tunnel-Connection-ID  attributes,
      may  be used to provide a globally unique means to identify a tun-
      nel for accounting and auditing purposes.

   A summary of the Tunnel-Client-Endpoint  Attribute  format  is  shown
   below.  The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |       Tag     |    String ...
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


   Type
      66 for Tunnel-Client-Endpoint.

   Length
      >= 3

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the value of the Tag field is less than or equal to
      0x1F, it SHOULD be interpreted as indicating which tunnel (of sev-
      eral alternatives) this attribute pertains; otherwise,  it  SHOULD
      be interpreted as the first byte of the following String field.

   String
      The  format of the address represented by the String field depends
      upon the value of the Tunnel-Medium-Type attribute.

      If Tunnel-Medium-Type is IP (1) or IP6 (2), then  this  string  is
      either  the  fully  qualified  domain  name  of  the tunnel client
      machine, or it  is  a  "dotted-decimal"  IP  address.   Conformant
      implementations  MUST support the dotted-decimal format and SHOULD
      support the FQDN format for IP addresses.

      If Tunnel-Medium-Type is not IP or  IP6,  this  string  is  a  tag
      referring  to  configuration  data local to the RADIUS client that
      describes the interface and medium-specific address to use.


5.4.  Tunnel-Server-Endpoint

   Description

      This Attribute indicates the address of the server end of the tun-
      nel.   The  Tunnel-Server-Endpoint Attribute MAY be included (as a
      hint to the RADIUS server) in the Access-Request packet  and  MUST
      be  included  in  the  Access-Accept packet if the initiation of a
      tunnel is desired.  It SHOULD be  included  in  Accounting-Request
      packets  which  contain Acct-Status-Type attributes with values of
      either Start or Stop and which  pertain  to  a  tunneled  session.
      This  Attribute,  along  with the Tunnel-Client-Endpoint and Acct-
      Tunnel-Connection-ID Attributes [12], may be  used  to  provide  a
      globally  unique  means  to  identify  a tunnel for accounting and
      auditing purposes.

   A summary of the Tunnel-Server-Endpoint  Attribute  format  is  shown
   below.  The fields are transmitted from left to right.



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |     Tag       |   String ...
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Type
      67 for Tunnel-Server-Endpoint.

   Length
      >= 3

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the value of the Tag field is less than or equal to
      0x1F, it SHOULD be interpreted as indicating which tunnel (of sev-
      eral alternatives) this attribute pertains; otherwise,  it  SHOULD
      be interpreted as the first byte of the following String field.

   String
      The  format of the address represented by the String field depends
      upon the value of the Tunnel-Medium-Type attribute.

      If Tunnel-Medium-Type is IP (1) or IP6 (2), then  this  string  is
      either  the  fully  qualified  domain  name  of  the tunnel client
      machine, or it  is  a  "dotted-decimal"  IP  address.   Conformant
      implementations  MUST support the dotted-decimal format and SHOULD
      support the FQDN format for IP addresses.

      If Tunnel-Medium-Type is not IP or  IP6,  this  string  is  a  tag
      referring  to  configuration  data local to the RADIUS client that
      describes the interface and medium-specific address to use.


5.5.  Tunnel-Password

   Description

      This Attribute may contain a password to be used  to  authenticate
      to  a  remote server.  It may only be included in an Access-Accept
      packet.

   A summary of the Tunnel-Password Attribute  format  is  shown  below.
   The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |     Tag       |   Salt
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
      Salt (cont)  |   String ...
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Type
      69 for Tunnel-Password

   Length
      >= 3

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the value of the Tag field is less than or equal to
      0x1F, it SHOULD be interpreted as indicating which tunnel (of sev-
      eral alternatives) this attribute pertains; otherwise,  it  SHOULD
      be ignored.

   Salt
      The  Salt  field is two octets in length and is used to ensure the
      uniqueness of the encryption key used to encrypt each instance  of
      the  Tunnel-Password  attribute occurring in a given Access-Accept
      packet.  The most significant bit (leftmost)  of  the  Salt  field
      MUST  be  set  (1).   The  contents  of each Salt field in a given
      Access-Accept packet MUST be unique.

   String
      The plaintext String field consists of three  logical  sub-fields:
      the  Data-Length  and  Password  sub-fields  (both  of  which  are
      required), and the optional Padding  sub-field.   The  Data-Length
      sub-field  is  one  octet in length and contains the length of the
      unencrypted Password sub-field.  The Password  sub-field  contains
      the actual tunnel password.  If the combined length (in octets) of
      the unencrypted Data-Length and Password sub-fields is not an even
      multiple of 16, then the Padding sub-field MUST be present.  If it
      is present, the length  of  the  Padding  sub-field  is  variable,
      between  1  and  15 octets.  The String field MUST be encrypted as
      follows, prior to transmission:

         Construct a plaintext version of the String field  by  concate-
         nating  the Data-Length and Password sub-fields.  If necessary,
         pad the resulting string until its length  (in  octets)  is  an
         even multiple of 16.  It is recommended that zero octets (0x00)
         be used for padding.  Call this plaintext P.



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


         Call the shared secret S,  the  pseudo-random  128-bit  Request
         Authenticator (from the corresponding Access-Request packet) R,
         and the contents of the Salt field A.  Break P  into  16  octet
         chunks  p(1),  p(2)...p(i),  where  i  =  len(P)/16.   Call the
         ciphertext blocks c(1), c(2)...c(i) and the final ciphertext C.
         Intermediate values b(1), b(2)...c(i) are required.  Encryption
         is performed in the following manner ('+' indicates  concatena-
         tion):

            b(1) = MD5(S + R + A)    c(1) = p(1) xor b(1)   C = c(1)
            b(2) = MD5(S + c(1))     c(2) = p(2) xor b(2)   C = C + c(2)
                        .                      .
                        .                      .
                        .                      .
            b(i) = MD5(S + c(i-1))   c(i) = p(i) xor b(i)   C = C + c(i)

         The    resulting    encrypted   String   field   will   contain
         c(1)+c(2)+...+c(i).

      On receipt, the process is reversed to yield the plaintext String.


5.6.  Tunnel-Private-Group-ID

   Description

      This  Attribute  indicates  the group ID for a particular tunneled
      session.  The Tunnel-Private-Group-ID Attribute MAY be included in
      the  Access-Request  packet if the tunnel initiator can pre-deter-
      mine the group resulting from a particular connection  and  SHOULD
      be  included  in the Access-Reply packet if this tunnel session is
      to be treated as belonging to a particular private group.  Private
      groups may be used to associate a tunneled session with a particu-
      lar group of users.  For example, it may  be  used  to  facilitate
      routing  of  unregistered IP addresses through a particular inter-
      face.  It SHOULD be included in Accounting-Request  packets  which
      contain Acct-Status-Type attributes with values of either Start or
      Stop and which pertain to a tunneled session.


   A summary of the Tunnel-Private-Group-ID Attribute  format  is  shown
   below.  The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |      Type     |    Length     |     Tag       |   String ...
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+



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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


   Type
      81 for Tunnel-Private-Group-ID.

   Length
      >= 3

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the value of the Tag field is less than or equal to
      0x1F, it SHOULD be interpreted as indicating which tunnel (of sev-
      eral alternatives) this attribute pertains; otherwise,  it  SHOULD
      be interpreted as the first byte of the following String field.

   String
      This  field  must  be  present.   The  group is represented by the
      String field.  There is no restriction on the format of group IDs.


5.7.  Tunnel-Assignment-ID

   Description

      This  Attribute  is  used  to indicate to the tunnel initiator the
      particular tunnel to which a session is to be assigned.  Some tun-
      neling  protocols,  such  as  PPTP  and  L2TP,  allow for sessions
      between the same two tunnel endpoints to be multiplexed  over  the
      same  tunnel and also for a given session to utilize its own dedi-
      cated tunnel.  This attribute provides a mechanism for  RADIUS  to
      be  used to inform the tunnel initiator (e.g. PAC, LAC) whether to
      assign the session to a multiplexed tunnel or to a  separate  tun-
      nel.  Furthermore, it allows for sessions sharing multiplexed tun-
      nels to be assigned to different multiplexed tunnels.

      A particular tunneling implementation may assign differing charac-
      teristics  to  particular tunnels.  For example, different tunnels
      may be assigned different QOS parameters.   Such  tunnels  may  be
      used to carry either individual or multiple sessions.  The Tunnel-
      Assignment-ID attribute thus allows the RADIUS server to  indicate
      that  a particular session is to be assigned to a tunnel that pro-
      vides an appropriate level of service.  It is  expected  that  any
      QOS-related RADIUS tunneling attributes defined in the future that
      accompany this attribute will be associated by the tunnel  initia-
      tor  with  the  ID  given by this attribute.  In the meantime, any
      semantic given to a particular ID string is a matter left to local
      configuration in the tunnel initiator.




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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


      The  Tunnel-Assignment-ID  attribute  is  of  significance only to
      RADIUS and the tunnel initiator.  The ID it specifies is  intended
      to  be  of only local use to RADIUS and the tunnel initiator.  The
      ID assigned by the tunnel initiator is not conveyed to the  tunnel
      peer.

      This  attribute  MAY  be included in the Access-Accept. The tunnel
      initiator receiving this attribute MAY choose  to  ignore  it  and
      assign  the session to an arbitrary multiplexed or non-multiplexed
      tunnel between the desired endpoints.  This attribute SHOULD  also
      be  included in Accounting-Request packets which contain Acct-Sta-
      tus-Type attributes with values of either Start or Stop and  which
      pertain to a tunneled session.

      If a tunnel initiator supports the Tunnel-Assignment-ID Attribute,
      then it should assign a session to a tunnel in the following  man-
      ner:

         If  this  attribute  is present and a tunnel exists between the
         specified endpoints with the specified  ID,  then  the  session
         should be assigned to that tunnel.

         If  this  attribute is present and no tunnel exists between the
         specified endpoints with the specified ID, then  a  new  tunnel
         should  be  established  for  the  session and the specified ID
         should be associated with the new tunnel.

         If this attribute is not present, then the session is  assigned
         to  an unnamed tunnel.  If an unnamed tunnel does not yet exist
         between the specified endpoints then it is established and used
         for  this  and subsequent sessions established without the Tun-
         nel-Assignment-ID  attribute.   A  tunnel  initiator  MUST  NOT
         assign a session for which a Tunnel-Assignment-ID Attribute was
         not specified to a named tunnel (i.e. one that was initiated by
         a session specifying this attribute).

      Note  that  the  same  ID may be used to name different tunnels if
      such tunnels are between different endpoints.

   A summary of  the  Tunnel-Assignment-ID  Attribute  format  is  shown
   below.  The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |      Type     |    Length     |      Tag      |   String ...
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+




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INTERNET-DRAFT          RADIUS Tunnel Attributes              April 1998


   Type
      82 for Tunnel-Assignment-ID.

   Length
      > 3

   Tag
      The  Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same  tunnel.   Valid values for this field are 0x01 through 0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the value of the Tag field is less than or equal to
      0x1F, it SHOULD be interpreted as indicating which tunnel (of sev-
      eral alternatives) this attribute pertains; otherwise,  it  SHOULD
      be interpreted as the first byte of the following String field.

   String
      This  field  must be present.  The tunnel ID is represented by the
      String field.  There is no restriction on the format of the ID.


5.8.  Tunnel-Preference

   Description

      If more than one set of tunneling attributes is  returned  by  the
      RADIUS  server  to  the tunnel initiator, this Attribute SHOULD be
      included in each set to indicate the relative preference  assigned
      to  each  tunnel.  For example, suppose that Attributes describing
      two tunnels are returned by the server, one with a Tunnel-Type  of
      PPTP and the other with a Tunnel-Type of L2TP.  If the tunnel ini-
      tiator supports only one of the  Tunnel-Types  returned,  it  will
      initiate  a  tunnel  of  that type.  If, however, it supports both
      tunnel protocols, it SHOULD use the value of the Tunnel-Preference
      Attribute  to  decide  which tunnel should be started.  The tunnel
      having the numerically lowest value in the  Value  field  of  this
      Attribute  SHOULD  be  given  the  highest preference.  The values
      assigned  to  two  or  more  instances  of  the  Tunnel-Preference
      Attribute  within  a  given Access-Accept packet MAY be identical.
      In this case, the tunnel initiator SHOULD use  locally  configured
      metrics  to decide which set of attributes to use.  This Attribute
      MAY be included (as a hint to the server) in Access-Request  pack-
      ets, but the RADIUS server is not required to honor this hint.

   A  summary  of the Tunnel-Preference Attribute format is shown below.
   The fields are transmitted from left to right.

    0                   1                   2                   3
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1



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   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
   |     Type      |    Length     |     Tag       |     Value
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
              Value (cont)         |
   +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+

   Type
      83 for Tunnel-Preference

   Length
      Always 6.

   Tag
      The Tag field is one octet in length and is intended to provide  a
      means of grouping attributes in the same packet which refer to the
      same tunnel.  Valid values for this field are 0x01  through  0x1F,
      inclusive.  If the Tag field is unused, it MUST be zero.

   Value
      The  Value field is three octets in length and indicates the pref-
      erence to be given to the tunnel to which it refers; higher  pref-
      erence  is  given  to  lower values, with 0x000000 being most pre-
      ferred and 0xFFFFFF least preferred.


6.  Table of Attributes

The following table provides a guide to which of  the  above  attributes
may be found in which kinds of packets, and in what quantity.

   Request Accept Reject Challenge Acct-Request #  Attribute
   0+      0+     0      0         0-1          64 Tunnel-Type
   0+      0+     0      0         0-1          65 Tunnel-Medium-Type
   0+      0+     0      0         0-1          66 Tunnel-Client-Endpoint
   0+      0+     0      0         0-1          67 Tunnel-Server-Endpoint
   0       0+     0      0         0            69 Tunnel-Password
   0+      0+     0      0         0-1          81 Tunnel-Private-Group-ID
   0       0+     0      0         0-1          82 Tunnel-Assignment-ID
   0+      0+     0      0         0            83 Tunnel-Preference

The following table defines the meaning of the above table entries.

   0     This attribute MUST NOT be present in packet.
   0+    Zero or more instances of this attribute MAY be present in packet.
   0-1   Zero or one instance of this attribute MAY be present in packet.






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7.  Security Considerations

The  Tunnel-Password Attribute may contain information which should only
be known to a tunnel endpoint.  However, the method  used  to  hide  the
value of the attribute is such that intervening RADIUS proxies will have
knowledge  of  the  contents.   For  this  reason,  the  Tunnel-Password
Attribute SHOULD NOT be included in Access-Accept packets which may pass
through (relatively) untrusted RADIUS proxies.  In addition, the Tunnel-
Password  Attribute SHOULD NOT be returned to an unauthenticated client;
if the corresponding Access-Request packet did not  contain  a  verified
instance  of  the  Signature  Attribute  [16],  the Access-Accept packet
SHOULD NOT contain an instance of the Tunnel-Password Attribute.


8.  References

[1]  Hamzeh, K., et. al., "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol  --  PPTP",
     draft-ietf-pppext-pptp-02.txt (work in progress), July 1997

[2]  Valencia,  A.,  Littlewood and Kolar, "Layer Two Forwarding (Proto-
     col) 'L2F'", draft-valencia-l2f-00.txt (work in progress),  October
     1997

[3]  Hamzeh,  K.,  et. al., "Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP)", work
     in progress, draft-ietf-pppext-l2tp-09.txt, January 1998

[4]  Hamzeh, K., "Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol - ATMP",  RFC  2107,
     February 1997

[5]  Calhoun,  P.  and  Wong,  E.,  "Virtual  Tunneling Protocol (VTP)",
     draft-calhoun-vtp-protocol-00.txt (work  in  progress),  July  1996
     (expired)

[6]  Kent,  S. and Atkinson, R., "IP Authentication Header", draft-ietf-
     ipsec-auth-header-05.txt (work in progress), March 1998

[7]  Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2003, October 1996

[8]  Perkins, C., "Minimal Encapsulation within IP", RFC  2004,  October
     1996

[9]  Atkinson,  R., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", RFC 1827,
     August 1995

[10] Hanks, S., et. al.,  "Generic  Routing  Encapsulation  (GRE)",  RFC
     1701, October 1994





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[11] Simpson, W., "IP in IP Tunneling", RFC 1853, October 1995

[12] Zorn,  G. and Mitton, D., "RADIUS Accounting Modifications for Tun-
     nel Protocol Support",  draft-ietf-radius-tunnel-acct-00.txt  (work
     in progress), November 1997

[13] Rigney,  C.,  et.  al.,  "Remote Authentication Dialin User Service
     (RADIUS)", RFC 2138, April 1997

[14] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in  RFCs  to  Indicate  Requirement
     Levels", RFC 2119, March 1997

[15] Reynolds,  J.  and Postel, J., "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
     October 1994

[16] Rigney, C. and Willats, S., "RADIUS Extensions", draft-ietf-radius-
     ext-01.txt (work in progress), September 1997


9.  Acknowledgements

Thanks to Dave Mitton (dmitton@baynetworks.com) for pointing out a nasty
circular dependency in the original Tunnel-Password attribute definition
and  (in no particular order) to Kory Hamzeh (kory@ascend.com), Bertrand
Buclin (Bertrand.Buclin@att.ch), Dave Mitton  (dmitton@baynetworks.com),
Andy Valencia (vandys@cisco.com), Bill Westfield (billw@cisco.com), Kris
Michielsen    (kmichiel@cisco.com),    Gurdeep    Singh    Pall    (gur-
deep@microsoft.com),   Ran   Atkinson   (rja@home.net),   Aydin   Edguer
(edguer@MorningStar.com) and  Bernard  Aboba  (aboba@internaut.com)  for
useful input and review.


10.  Chair's Address

The RADIUS Working Group can be contacted via the current chair:

   Carl Rigney
   Livingston Enterprises
   4464 Willow Road
   Pleasanton, California  94588

   Phone: +1 510 426 0770
   E-Mail: cdr@livingston.com








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11.  Authors' Addresses

Questions about this memo can also be directed to:

   Glen Zorn
   Microsoft Corporation
   One Microsoft Way
   Redmond, Washington 98052

   Phone:  +1 425 703 1559
   E-Mail: glennz@microsoft.com


   Dory Leifer
   Ascend Communications
   1678 Broadway
   Ann Arbor, MI 48105

   Phone:  +1 313 747 6152
   E-Mail: leifer@ascend.com


   John Shriver
   Shiva Corporation
   28 Crosby Drive
   Bedford, MA  01730

   Phone:  +1 781 687 1329
   E-Mail: jas@shiva.com

   Allan Rubens
   Ascend Communications
   1678 Broadway
   Ann Arbor, MI 48105

   Phone:  +1 313 761 6025
   E-Mail: acr@del.com


12.  Expiration Date

This   memo  is  filed  as  <draft-ietf-radius-tunnel-auth-05.txt>,  and
expires October 5, 1998.








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